17-02-24 Database (Chargeable service)

●​ Platform as a service(PaaS)
●​ It is a container filled with information/data which is electronically stored in a
server/computer.
●​ Used to store customer data.
●​ Store data in various formats in DBMS: Types of DBMS:
○​ Structured format
■​ RDS - schema based storage
○​ Semi structured format
■​ Type of structured data but does not have table format
■​ It will follow some structure
■​ Eg:MongoDB, email, json etc
○​ Unstructured format
■​ No structure
■​ Manual upload
■​ eg: hadoop, tableau
●​ Collection of data.
●​ Data can be of any format - text, image, video, audio etc
●​ This is chargeable. S3 is free. Why not use S3 for everything?
○​ Better usage of CRUD operations -> read, update, insert, alter, drop, delete etc
■​ Eg: Customer data (login details) are verified and updated when
necessary.
○​ Handles customer’s sensitive information - So DB must always be in the
private network. (public network will have homepage and other things the
public can view)

●​ Mandatory:
 ○​ Enable accidental termination
○​ Must have username and password
●​ Works on vertical scaling
●​ What data is stored in the database?
○​ Application data
○​ User data
●​ Our database must always have a replica DB (secondary database).
●​ These 2 databases must always be in sync with each other.
○​ How is the sync done?
■​ Automatically by AWS
■​ No manual intervention required
●​ This replica is placed in a different region (For safety. If the databases in one region
goes down the database in another region can take position)
●​ Database Permission:
○​ It only has read and write permission
○​ No execute permission
●​ The replica will only have read permission
○​ Whatever data written in the primary db is automatically replicated in the
secondary database.
○​ So there is no need for write permission
●​ When the primary db goes down and the secondary db takes position as primary db
○​ It will automatically get write permission as well.
●​ Is database the same as DBMS?
●​ DB - Container to store data
●​ DBMS - Software used to manage the database.

How was data stored before?

Relational database
●​ Used to store structured data
●​ SQL
○​ Structured query language
○​ Developed by IBM
○​ Declarative language - because they maintain well defined standards
○​ Invented in the 1970’s
Creation
●​ Create private network: RDS - manage relational database service - left dashboard
(subnet groups) - Create DB subnet group (take default network as private network as of
now - bc we did not learn VPC yet.) - name: pvt-network - Description: Network for DB -
VPC (select default) - select us-east-2a and 2b -select 2 subnets - create
●​ RDS - databases - create database - Standard create - MySQL - Templates: free tier -
Db instance identifier(used to identify db in RDS area): primary-db - admin - self
managed - password: admin123 - DB size: db.t3.micro - Additional Storage: uncheck
autoscaling - Don’t connect to EC2 instance - select default VPC - subnet group:
pvt-network(network u created above) - Public access: Yes - VPC: existing - default
(make sure you have All TCP or MYSQL enabled in security group) - availability zone:
us-east-2a (replicated db must be in another availability zone-us-east-2b. But as of now,
we are not replicating the db as it is chargeable. In real time, we will replicate)- Additional
configuration: initial database name: mydb(this name is used to connect via instance) -
enable automated backup - backup retention period: 1 - Backup Window: no preference
- Uncheck encryption (needed in real time, now chargeable) - Check backup replication -
uncheck maintenance (Used to update mysql automatically - like weekly once or based
on preferance) - no preference - uncheck enable deletion protection - create database.
Can take up to 10 minutes. Status: available
●​ Create an instance in same region - storage 30 GB
●​ Open db - connectivity and security: endpoint (this is the point where the read and write
take place)
●​ Connect the ec2 instance - username: root - connect
○​ Terminal opens
○​ >>>mysql –-version
○​ >>>yum install mysql -y
○​ >>>mysql –version
○​ Mysql -h <paste endpoint here> -P 3306 -u admin -p
■​ -h refers to host
■​ -u refers username
■​ -p refers to password
■​ -P refers to port
○​ Now you will be connected with mysql db
○​ Open workbench in desktop
■​ Connection name: myapp-db
■​ Hostname: <paste endpoint>
■​ Username: admin
■​ Pasword: admin123
■​ Port: 3307
○​ You can run queries through the desktop application or the remote linux machine
(we connected in both)
○​ Application
■​ >>>Create database movies;
■​ >>>Show databases
 ○​ Remote Linux
■​ >>>Create database author
■​ Try to create a table, add rows, alter, update, delete etc
○​ Now check for replica
■​ Go to database in aws
●​ Actions - create read replica - create read replica - DB instance
identifier:replica-db - 20 GB - uncheck autoscaling - Additional
configuration:port number: 3307 - create read replica
■​ ROLE:
●​ name: replica-db Role: Replica
●​ name: primary-db Role: Primary
■​ You will get replica under primary db
■​ Primary and replica will have the same endpoint
■​ Same username and password for replica and primary
■​ Delete primary-db - Role:Instance

AURORA DB(chargeable)
●​ Cluster based db
●​ Has separate endpoint for read and write operations
○​ This will result in faster operations
○​ Performance will be high
●​ Create aurora
○​ RDS - create database - standard - aurora(mysql) - Templates: Dev/Test - DB
cluster identifier: aurora - username: admin - password: admin123 - Aurora
Standard - db.t3.medium - Don’t create replica - pvt-network - default VPC -
disable everything - create db
●​ Role:
○​ A Cluster and the writer instance will be created.
○​ When you go inside you will get 2 endpoints. Type: Writer and Reader endpoints
○​ In mysql only one instance will be created

Stopping db
●​ What to do if you want to stop your db and still want to retain existing data
●​ DB - can stop temporarily but it will start after a while (chargeable)
●​ What to do?
○​ Take a snapshot (less charge but if you don’t even want that do the below 2
steps)
 ○​ Exports in Amazon S3
○​ Move to archive mode in S3
○​ Archive mode in S3 will hardly incur any charges
○​ Similarly you can restore from S3 (RDS - database - restore from S3)
Deletion
●​ Delete db
●​ Delete subnet group
●​ Delete ec2