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SLG 4.3 Using Technology to Summarize Quantitative Variables

This module focuses on using Microsoft Excel to summarize quantitative variables, specifically calculating measures of center and variability such as mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation. It includes examples and step-by-step instructions for inputting data and using Excel functions to obtain results. Additionally, a quiz is provided to reinforce learning and application of the concepts covered.

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9 views

SLG 4.3 Using Technology to Summarize Quantitative Variables

This module focuses on using Microsoft Excel to summarize quantitative variables, specifically calculating measures of center and variability such as mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation. It includes examples and step-by-step instructions for inputting data and using Excel functions to obtain results. Additionally, a quiz is provided to reinforce learning and application of the concepts covered.

Uploaded by

redox francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject Code: Statistics 1 Introduction to Statistics

Module Code: 4.0 Summarizing Quantitative Variables


Lesson Code: 4.3 Using Technology to Summarize Quantitative Variables
Time Limit: 30 minutes

TARGET
TARGET

After completing this module, you are expected to:


1. Recall the measures of center and variability.
2. Use technology to calculate the measures of center and variability.
3. Interpret the results from Microsoft Excel.

HOOK

From the previous modules, you have learned about the manual computation of the measures
of center and variability. As you can see, the process can be quite tedious, especially computing for the
standard deviation. Thus, in this module, we will be using Microsoft Excel ® to find these measures
and interpret them correctly.
You may visit the link below to watch a video on how to use Excel to solve measures of center
and variability.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rEhWFhSqnI

IGNITE

Microsoft Excel offers a vast range of Statistical Functions that perform calculations from basic
measures of center to the more complex statistical inference tests and statistical distributions.

To explore the power of Excel Statistical functions, we start with the mean, median, and mode
by using the same Example 1 from Lesson Code 4.1.

Example 1: While creating your new playlist composed of fifteen songs, you decide to look at their
lengths. Below are the lengths of the songs in seconds. Find the mean, median, and mode length of the
songs in your playlist using Excel.
167, 177, 234, 247, 222, 190, 208, 174, 182, 208, 216, 173, 228, 239, and 242.

Statistics 1 Page 1|4


Solution:
The first thing to do is to input each data point into a Microsoft Excel sheet. It may be in vertical
or horizontal orientation. To find the mean, the AVERAGE function is used. Input in the cell where
you want the result to be displayed “=AVERAGE(A1:O1)” where (A1:O1) is where your data points
are located.

To find the median, the MEDIAN function is used.

To find the mode, the MODE function is used.

From the Microsoft Excel functions, we can see that the mean is 207, the median is 208, and
the mode is 208. Remember that the mean and median are unique values while the mode may not exist
or can have more than one value. If the mode does not exist, Excel displays an error #N/A. If more
than one mode exists, only one of the modes will be reflected.

Example 2: The following are the ages (in years) of all eight employees of a small company:
55 31 56 27 33 41 49 52
Find the range, variance and standard deviation.

Solution:
There is no dedicated formula to finding the range in Microsoft Excel, instead, we need to use
MAX and MIN which identify the maximum and minimum values in the data set, respectively. Recall
that the range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in the data set. In the figure below
the function for Max is “=MAX(A1:H1)”, for Min is “MIN(A1:H1)”, so the range is computed as
“=MAX(A1:H1) – MIN(A1:H1)”.

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For the variance and standard deviation, we should identify first whether the data set is from a
population or a sample. The data set in the example is a population since these come from the only
employees in a small company.
The formula for the population variance function in MS Excel is VAR.P and is written as
“VAR.P(A1:An)” where (A1:An) is the location of the data set.

To find the population standard deviation, the STDEV.P function is used.

Example 3: The following data show the number of vehicular accidents on a national highway that
occurred in a city in the past 8 weeks.
6 3 7 1 14 3 8 7
Calculate the variance and standard deviation using spreadsheet.

Solution:
Since the given data are on the number of vehicular accidents in the last 8 weeks, and not for
all the weeks possible, we use the formula for the sample variance. In Excel, the formula of the sample
variance function is VAR.S and is written as “VAR.S(A1:An)” where (A1:An) is the location of the
data set.

The sample standard deviation is solved using the formula STDEV.S as shown below.

The results show that the sample has a variance of 16.125 and a standard deviation of 4.02.

Note: Just like other MS Excel functions, you need not type the functions in capital letters. Also, you
can place the values in a column.

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NAVIGATE

Below is the quiz on the topic of Measures of Center and Measures of Variability. Screen grab the
results from the spreadsheet and attach to a word processing app. Be sure to include a concluding
statement for each question.

1. The following data give the hourly wage rates (in Philippine pesos) of all six employees of a
small startup company.
250 180 180 150 130 100
Compute the (a) mean, (b) median, (c) mode, (d) range, (e) variance, and (f) standard deviation
for the data set.

2. Find the (a) mean, (b) median, (c) mode, (d) range, (e) variance, and (f) standard deviation of
the lowest recorded temperatures (in °C) in the first ten months of 2019.
16.5, 17.2, 25.6, 27.8, 32.1, 33.2, 26.9, 28.0, 27.8, 24.7

3. Chuck wants to have a General Weighted Average (GWA) of at least 1.50 to be in the Director’s
List (DL). He is still waiting for the grades from the last two subjects to be released, but he
computed his GWA to be 1.52 from 7.7 out of a total 10 units. If he got a 1.25 in one subject
with 1 unit, what should be his grade in the final subject to be in the DL?

KNOT

Technology like Microsoft Excel are powerful tools to help solve statistical problems like
Measures of Center and Variability. The important thing is how to use them properly and how to
interpret the results.

References:
1. De Veaux, Richard, Velleman, Paul & Bock, David (2014). Intro Stats (4th Edition). Pearson.
2. Bluman, Allan (2009). Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step Approach (8th Edition). McGraw-
Hill.

Prepared by: Jose Mari E. Ortega Reviewed by: Jennifer Ann de los Reyes
Position: Special Science Teacher IV Position: Special Science Teacher III
Campus: PSHS-SMC Campus: PSHS-EVC

Statistics 1 Page 4|4

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