Scribd
Upload
19 views16 pages

Stat 1 - Q1 - Week 7

The document explains the concept of scatterplots for bivariate quantitative data, detailing the roles of dependent and independent variables. It discusses the correlation coefficient, its properties, and conditions for its use, emphasizing that correlation does not imply causation. Additionally, it highlights aspects such as form, direction, strength, and outliers in analyzing relationships between variables.

Uploaded by

redox francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views16 pages

Stat 1 - Q1 - Week 7

The document explains the concept of scatterplots for bivariate quantitative data, detailing the roles of dependent and independent variables. It discusses the correlation coefficient, its properties, and conditions for its use, emphasizing that correlation does not imply causation. Additionally, it highlights aspects such as form, direction, strength, and outliers in analyzing relationships between variables.

Uploaded by

redox francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

STATISTICS 1

Bivariate
Quantitative Data
Scatterplot
A scatterplot is a type of graph for paired quantitative
data, and each pair of data is plotted as a single point in
the Cartesian plane.

The choice of which variable will be placed on which axis


depends on the interaction of the two variables. Just like in
math, you typically place on the x-axis the variable that
dictates or affects the value of the other variable which
is placed in the y-axis.
DEPENDENT
Dependent variables are the variables observed.

INDEPENDENT
Independent variables are those hypothesized to affect
the other variable. This is the variable manipulated in an
experiment.
FORM
Is the association linear or not?

Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-collegealgebra/chapter/distinguish-between-linear-and-nonlinear-relations/


DIRECTION
Is the association positive or negative?

Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-collegealgebra/chapter/distinguish-between-linear-and-nonlinear-relations/


STRENGTH
Does the relationship appear to be strong, moderately strong,
or weak?

Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-collegealgebra/chapter/distinguish-between-linear-and-nonlinear-relations/


OUTLIERS
Is there a data point which tends to be exceptionally far from
the general pattern?

Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-collegealgebra/chapter/distinguish-between-linear-and-nonlinear-relations/


EXAMPLES

Form
Direction
Strength
Outliers

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-statistics/bivariate-data-ap/scatterplots-correlation/v/bivariate-relationship-
linearity-strength-and-direction
Correlation Coefficient

Pearson product-moment correlation /Linear


correlation coefficient

Tells the strength and direction of the association of two


quantitative variables provided they have a linear
association.
Correlation Coefficient
CONDITIONS IN USING THE CORREL COEFFICIENT
• Quantitative Variables Condition: All variables
should be quantitative since correlation applies only
to numerical variables.
• Straight Enough Condition: The distribution of
points on the scatterplot should follow a linear
pattern
• Outlier Condition: If there's an outlier, disclosing
the association with and without that point is
always a good idea.
Correlation Coefficient
PROPERTIES OF 𝒓
1. The correlation coefficient 𝑟 is always a unitless
measure.
2. The value of 𝑟 will always be from -1 to +1. That is
−1≤𝑟≤1.
3. The value of 𝑟 would be unchanged if the values of 𝑥
and 𝑦 are interchanged
4. The value of 𝑟 will be unchanged if the values of 𝑥 and
𝑦 are converted to a different scale.
5. If the data has outliers, the value of 𝑟 is sensitive and
may change significantly.
Correlation Coefficient
IMPORTANT
Even if there is an apparent correlation
between the two variables, we cannot
conclude that one causes the other.

Correlation is not and cannot imply


causation and does not allow us to go
beyond the given data.
EXAMPLE

You might also like