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Math Reviewer 2

The document provides a math review covering polynomial functions, circles, and distance and midpoint formulas. It discusses the end behavior of polynomial graphs, the characteristics of arcs in circles, and the properties of secants and tangents. Additionally, it includes formulas for calculating distance and midpoints between points on a coordinate plane.

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redox francisco
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6 views3 pages

Math Reviewer 2

The document provides a math review covering polynomial functions, circles, and distance and midpoint formulas. It discusses the end behavior of polynomial graphs, the characteristics of arcs in circles, and the properties of secants and tangents. Additionally, it includes formulas for calculating distance and midpoints between points on a coordinate plane.

Uploaded by

redox francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH REVIEWER (2nd QUARTER)

LESSON 1 – Graph of Polynomial leading coefficient is negative.


Function The graph rises to the left and

Type 3: 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → +∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → +∞ 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 →
falls to the right.

−∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → +∞
 The graph of any type of function must 
pass the vertical line test
 Every polynomial function with real  This type applies to functions
coefficients has the set of real which degree is even and which
numbers as its domain. leading coefficient is positive.
 A polynomial function of the nth The graph rises to the left and

Type 4: 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → +∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → −∞ 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 →
degree cannot have more than n to the right.

−∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → −∞
roots. This only means that the graph 
cannot intersect the x-axis more than
n times  This type applies to functions
which degree is even and which
End Behavior leading coefficient is negative.
 Is a behavior of the graph of a function The graph falls to the left and to
at the far left or the far right. the right.
 Although the graph of a polynomial
function may have intervals where it LESSON 2 – Circles
increases or decreases, the graph will
eventually rise or fall without bound as Chord
it moves far eft or far right.  A chord of a circle is a straight-line
 The end behavior can be described segment whose endpoints both lie on
with the symbol +∞ and −∞, which a circular arc. The infinite line
stands for “positive infinity” and extension of a chord is a secant line, or
“negative infinity,” respectively. just secant. More generally, a chord is
 The end behavior of a polynomial a line segment joining two points on
function depends on the degree of the any curve, for instance, an ellipse.
function and the sign of its leading
coefficient. Arcs
 An arc of a circle is any portion of the
The Leading Coefficient Test circumference of a circle. To recall, the
 As x increases or decreases without circumference of a circle is the

function 𝑃 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝑥 𝑛−1 +


bound, the graph of the polynomial perimeter or distance around a circle.

𝑎𝑛−2𝑥 𝑛−2 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝑥 + 𝑎0 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0


Therefore, we can say that the
circumference of a circle is the full arc

 Type 1: 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → +∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → +∞ 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 →
eventually rises or falls. In particular, of the circle itself.

−∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → −∞ Semicircle
 This type applies to functions  An arc whose endpoints are the
which degree is odd and which endpoints of a diameter.
leading coefficient is positive.  It is named using three points. The
The graph falls to the left and first and third points are the endpoints
of the diameter, and the middle point
 Type 2: 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → +∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → −∞ 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 →
rises to the right.
is any point of the arc between the
−∞, 𝑃 𝑥 → +∞ endpoints.
 Its degree measure is equal to 180°.
 This type applies to functions
which degree is odd and which
Minor Arcs
 An arc that is less than a semicircle.  An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a
 It is named by using only the two right angle.

Its degree measure is between 1° 𝑡𝑜


endpoints of the arc.
 Inscribed Angle in the Same Arc Theorem
179°.  Two or more angles inscribed in the
same arc or in congruent arcs are
Major Arcs congruent.
 An arc that is more than a semicircle.
 It is named by three points. The first Inscribed Quadrilateral Theorem
and third are the endpoints, and the  Opposite angles of an inscribed
middle point is any point on the arc quadrilateral are supplementary.

 Its degree measure is between 181° 𝑡𝑜


between the endpoints.
LESSON 3 – Secants, Tangents, and
359°. Segments of a Circle

Central Angle Tangents


 It is the central angle's ability to  A tangent line to a circle is a line that
sweep through an arc of 360 degrees touches the circle at exactly one point,
that determines the number of never entering the circle's interior.
degrees usually thought of as being  Tangent lines to circles form the
contained by a circle. subject of several theorems, and play
 Central angles are angles formed by an important role in many geometrical
any two radii in a circle. The vertex is constructions and proofs.
the center of the circle.  Tangent lines are perpendicular to the
radius
The Central Angle – Intercepted Arc Postulate
(CA-IA Postulate) Secants
 The measure of a central angle of a  In geometry, a secant is a line that
circle is equal to the measure of its intersects a curve at a minimum of
intercepted arc. two distinct points.
 The word secant comes from the Latin
The Arc Addition Postulate (AAP) word secare, meaning to cut.
 The measure of the arc formed by two  In the case of a circle, a secant
adjacent arcs is the sum of the intersects the circle at exactly two
measures of the two arcs. points.

Inscribed Angle The Intersecting Secants - Exterior Theorem


 An inscribed angle is the angle formed  The measure of an angle formed by
in the interior of a circle when two two secants that intersect in the
chords intersect on the circle. exterior of a circle is one-half the
 It can also be defined as the angle difference of its intercepted arcs.
subtended at a point on the circle by
two given points on the circle. The Tangent Point - Secant Theorem
 It is defined by two chords of the circle  The measure of an angle formed by a
sharing an endpoint. tangent and a secant drawn at the
The Inscribed Angle Theorem point of contact is one half the
 The measure of an inscribed angle is measure of its intercepted arc
one-half the measure of its intercepted
arc. The Intersecting Secants - Interior Theorem
 The measure of an angle formed by
The Semicircle Theorem two secants intersecting in the interior
of the circle is equal to one-half the
sum of the measures of its intercepted
arcs.

LESSON 4 – Distance and Midpoint

 If 𝐴 𝑥1, 𝑦1 and 𝐵 𝑥2, 𝑦2 are any two


Distance Formula

points on the coordinate plane


 Comes with some uses in everyday
life. It can be used as a strategy for
easy navigation and distance
estimation.

 If 𝐴 𝑥1, 𝑦1 and 𝐵 𝑥2, 𝑦2 are any two


Midpoint Formula

the midpoint M of 𝐴𝐵 has the


points on the coordinate plane, then

coordinates
 Is essential in many real life situations.

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