M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

PROGRAMME ELECTIVE III

CODE COURSE NAME CATEGORY L T P S CREDIT

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

M24CE1E203A DESIGN OF BRIDGES Elective 3 0 0 3 3

Preamble: The course covers the concepts and design of concrete and steel bridges as per the Indian
Road Congress (IRC) and Indian Railway Standard (IRS) specifications. The students will be exposed to
real-life bridge design and construction practices enabling them to independently plan, analyse,
design, and detail various types and components of bridges.
Prerequisite : Analysis of Structures
Course Outcomes : After the completion of the course the student will be able to

CO 1 Decide the structural form for a bridge depending on the functional requirements and
site conditions. Identify various structural components of the chosen bridge form.
(Cognitive Knowledge Level: Understand)
CO 2 Design various components of bridges based on relevant IRC and Indian railway loading
standards. (Cognitive Knowledge Level: Apply)
CO 3 Design various components of T beam bridge. (Cognitive Knowledge Level: Analyse)
CO 4 Comprehend the design principles of long span bridges. (Cognitive Knowledge Level:
Evaluate)
CO 5 Design bearings, piers and abutments for bridges. (Cognitive Knowledge Level: Analyse)

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes

PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6
CO 1 1 1 2 2 2 1
CO 2 1 1 2 2 2 1
CO 3 1 1 2 2 2 1
CO 4 1 1 2 2 2 1
CO 5 1 1 2 2 2 1

Assessment Pattern

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

Course Name Design of Bridges

Continuous Internal End Semester Examination
Category Evaluation Tests (% marks)
Test 1 (% marks) Test 2 (% marks)

Remember
Understand 10 10
Apply 40 40 40
Analyse 30 40 30
Evaluate 20 20 20
Create

Mark distribution

Total Marks CIE Marks ESE marks ESE Duration

100 40 60 3 Hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern :

Seminar* : 10 marks
Course based task/Micro Project//Data
collection and interpretation/Case study : 10 marks
Test paper 1 (Module 1 and Module 2) : 10 marks
Test paper 2 (Module 3 and Module 4) : 10 marks

*Seminar should be conducted in addition to the theory hours. Topics for the seminar should be from
recent technologies in the respective course
End Semester Examination Pattern: The end semester examination will be conducted by the college.
There will be two parts; Part A and Part B. Part A contain 5 numerical questions (such questions shall
be useful in the testing of knowledge, skills, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis,
evaluation and understanding of the students), with 1 question from each module, having 4 marks for
each question. Students shall answer all questions. Part B contains 7 questions (such questions shall
be useful in the testing of overall achievement and maturity of the students in a course, through long
answer questions relating to theoretical/practical knowledge, derivations, problem solving and
quantitative evaluation), with minimum one question from each module of which student shall answer
any five. Each question can carry 8 marks. Total duration of the examination will be 3 Hrs.

SYLLABUS

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

MODULE 1 (6 hours)
Planning of bridge
Classification and components of bridges - Investigation for bridges need for investigation selection
of site economical span subsoil exploration investigation report importance for proper
investigation Structural forms of bridge decks.

MODULE 2 (8 hours)
Design standard for bridges
Standard specifications for bridges: IRC loadings for road bridges: IRC class AA, class A and class B,
loading standard- standards for railway bridges: loading standards - design of RC slab bridge, box
culverts.

MODULE 3 (9 hours)
Design of girder bridges
T-beam bridges Analysis and design of interior slab, exterior slab and cantilever slab, longitudinal
girders and cross girders prestressed concrete bridges
(simply supported case only): Introduction, Concepts, advantages, and applications, Design of
Prestressed Concrete Bridges.

MODULE 4 (7 hours)
Design of plate girder bridges - steel truss bridges - Introduction to long span bridges: cable stayed
bridges and suspension bridges: Structural system and components instability: Buckling of bridge
components, Measures to prevent instability.

MODULE 5 (6 hours)
General features, Loads on abutments, Stability analysis
Types, Loads on Piers, Stability analysis of Piers.

References
1. E.C. Hambly, Bridge deck behaviour, Taylor & Francis, London, 1991.
2. P. Nagarajan, Design of Concrete Bridges, Wiley Publications, 2020.
3.
4. D.Johnson Victor, Essentials of bridge engineering, Oxford & IBH publishing Co. Ltd., New
Delhi, 2017.

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

5. N.Krishna Raju, Design of bridges, Oxford & IBH publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, 2009.
6. Jaikrishna and O.P Jain, Plain and reinforced concrete-Vol.II, Nemchand & Bros,Roorkee, 2007.
7. Relevant IRC and IRS codes.

COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE

No. of Lecture/
No. Topic
Tutorial hours
Module 1 6
1.1 Classification and components of bridges 2
1.2 Investigation for bridges need for investigation selection of 2
site
1.3 economical span subsoil exploration investigation report 1
1.4 Structural forms of bridge decks 1
Module 2 8
2.1 IRC loadings for road bridges - IRC class AA, class A and class B 1
2.2 loading standard 1
2.2 Standards for railway bridges- loading standards 2
2.3 Design of box culverts 2
2.4 Design of RC slab bridge 2
Module 3 9
3.1 Design of T beam bridges Analysis and design of interior slab, 3
exterior slab and cantilever slab
3.2 Longitudinal girders and cross girders 4

3.3 Prestressed concrete bridges( simply supported case only)- 2

Introduction, Concepts, advantages, and applications, Design
of Prestressed Concrete Bridges.
Module 4 7
4.1 Design of plate girder bridges 2
4.2 Design of Steel truss bridges 2
4.3 Introduction to long span bridges: cable stayed bridges and 2
suspension bridges - Structural system and components
4.4 instability :Buckling of bridge components, Measures to 1
prevent instability

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

Module 5 6
5.1 Design of elastomeric bearings 2
5.2 Abutments General features, Loads on abutments, Stability 2
analysis of abutments
5.3 Piers Types, Loads on Piers, Stability analysis of Piers. 2

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

Model Question Paper

QP CODE: Pages: 2

Reg No.:
Name:

MAR ATHANASIUS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (AUTONOMOUS), KOTHAMANGALAM

SECOND SEMESTER M.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY 2025
Course Code: M24CE1E203A

Course Name: DESIGN OF BRIDGES

Max. Marks:60 Duration: 3 hours
PART A

Answer all questions. Each question carries 4 marks.

1. Comment on impact factors? How do these factors vary with respect to the type of loading,
span, and type of bridge?
2. How to apply the effective width procedure for finding moments due to concentrated loads
acting on one-way slabs.
3. With an example, justify Courbon's method to tabulate the reaction factors in a T beam girder
bridge.
4. Examine the causes of the instability in long span bridges.
5. Importance of bearing in bridges and its classification.

PART B
Answer any five questions. Each question carries 8 marks.
6. a. How the bridges can be classified in accordance with IS code. (4 marks)
b. Discuss the importance of site investigation in bridge engineering. (4 marks)
7. Design an RCC slab culvert for a state highway the following data.(Design of kerb is
not expected)
Clear span = 7m
Width of carriageway = 7.5m
Thickness of wearing coat = 80mm
Kerbs 600 mm wide are provided on either side.
Loading: IRC Class A
Materials: M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel
Sketch the reinforcement details.

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam

M Tech in Computer Aided Structural Engineering

8. Design an interior cross girder for a T beam bridge for the following data:
Effective span = 16 m, Live load IRC Class 70R tracked; Materials M25 concrete and Fe 415
steel; spacing of cross girders 5 m c/c; width of carriage way 7.5m; thickness of wearing coat =
80 mm; kerbs on either side = 600 mm wide × 300 mm deep; width of main girder = 300 mm;
width of cross girder = 300 mm; spacing of main girders = 2.5 m c/c. Sketch reinforcement
details.
9. Design the longitudinal girders and interior panel of a T-beam and slab bridge for the
following data:(shear calculations are not expected)
Effective span = 12m
Carriage way width = 7.8m
Cross beams are spaced at 4m c/c
Kerbs 600 mm wide are provided on either side.
Loading: IRC Class AA tracked vehicle
Materials: M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel
Sketch the reinforcement details.
10. Sketch and explain various parts and their functions of suspension bridge and cable stayed
bridge.
11. Design a welded deck type plate girder bridge for a BG track to suit the following data: Effective
span = 40 m; Dead load of track = 10 kN/m; Equivalent uniformly distributed load for bending
moment calculations/track = 3498 kN; Equivalent uniformly distributed load for shear force
calculations/track = 3815 kN. Take CDA = 0.324. Use plates of Fe410 grade.
12. Design an elastomeric bearing as per IRC 83 Part 2:2018 with the following data.
Maximum vertical design force = 1009 kN
Minimum vertical design force = 666 kN
Horizontal force along span direction = 10.39 kN
Horizontal force along width direction = 41.56 kN
Resultant of all horizontal forces = 42.84 kN

Adopt an elastomeric bearing (based on International Standards) of dimension 250 mm(a) × 400
mm(b) Yield strength of steel laminate = 500 MP.

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering (Govt. Aided & Autonomous), Kothamangalam