Microcontroller & Embedded System

What is a microcontroller?

a) A large-scale integrated circuit

b) A small computer on a single integrated circuit

c) A peripheral device

Answer: b) A small computer on a single integrated circuit

Which of the following is not a commonly used microcontroller architecture?

a) ARM

b) AVR

c) CUDA

Answer: c) CUDA

What is the purpose of an embedded system?

a) To provide general-purpose computing capabilities

b) To perform specific tasks within a larger system

c) To connect devices to the internet

Answer: b) To perform specific tasks within a larger system

Which of the following is an example of an input device in an embedded system?

a) LED

b) Sensor

c) Motor

Answer: b) Sensor
What does GPIO stand for in the context of microcontrollers?

a) General Purpose Input/Output

b) Graphic Processing Input/Output

c) General Peripheral Input/Output

Answer: a) General Purpose Input/Output

Which of the following is not a common communication interface used in

embedded systems?

a) UART

b) USB

c) EMI

Answer: c) EMI

What is the purpose of a bootloader in an embedded system?

a) To load the operating system

b) To load application firmware

c) To load device drivers

Answer: b) To load application firmware

Which of the following is a non-volatile memory used in microcontrollers for

storing firmware?

a) RAM

b) ROM

c) Cache

Answer: b) ROM
Which programming language is commonly used for programming
microcontrollers?

a) Python

b) C/C++

c) Java

Answer: b) C/C++

Which of the following is not a typical feature of a microcontroller?

a) DMA (Direct Memory Access)

b) ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)

c) SQL Database

Answer: c) SQL Database

What is the role of a watchdog timer in an embedded system?

a) To monitor and reset the microcontroller if it becomes unresponsive

b) To regulate the power supply

c) To measure the time taken by the microcontroller to execute a task

Answer: a) To monitor and reset the microcontroller if it becomes unresponsive

Which of the following is not a common type of microcontroller memory?

a) EEPROM

b) SRAM

c) DDR

Answer: c) DDR
Which of the following is not a commonly used microcontroller manufacturer?

a) Intel

b) Texas Instruments

c) NVIDIA

Answer: c) NVIDIA

What is the purpose of an interrupt in an embedded system?

a) To pause the execution of the current task and handle an event

b) To increase the clock speed of the microcontroller

c) To switch between different tasks

Answer: a) To pause the execution of the current task and handle an event

Which of the following is not a common power-saving technique used in

microcontrollers?

a) Clock gating

b) Dynamic voltage scaling

c) Overclocking

Answer: c) Overclocking

What is the purpose of the A/D converter in a microcontroller?

a) To convert analog signals to digital signals

b) To convert digital signals to analog signals

c) To convert ASCII characters to binary

Answer: a) To convert analog signals to digital signals

Which of the following is not a typical application of embedded systems?

a) Automotive electronics

b) Medical devices

c) Desktop computers

Answer: c) Desktop computers

What is the role of a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) in an embedded

system?

a) To provide general-purpose computing capabilities

b) To manage system resources and scheduling tasks

c) To connect devices to the internet

Answer: b) To manage system resources and scheduling tasks

Which of the following is a common communication protocol used in embedded

systems for short-range wireless communication?

a) Ethernet

b) Bluetooth

c) LTE

Answer: b) Bluetooth

What is the purpose of a crystal oscillator in a microcontroller?

a) To generate a clock signal for timing operations

b) To amplify analog signals

c) To convert digital signals to analog signals

Answer: a) To generate a clock signal for timing operations

Which of the following is not a commonly used sensor in embedded systems?

a) Accelerometer

b) Gyroscope

c) Actuator

Answer: c) Actuator

What is the role of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in a microcontroller?

a) To convert digital signals to analog signals

b) To convert analog signals to digital signals

c) To amplify digital signals

Answer: a) To convert digital signals to analog signals

Which of the following is not a common development tool used for programming
microcontrollers?

a) Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

b) Text editor

c) Compiler

Answer: b) Text editor

What is the purpose of a pull-up or pull-down resistor in an embedded system?

a) To reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI)

b) To protect the microcontroller from overvoltage

c) To ensure a stable logic level when an input pin is not connected

Answer: c) To ensure a stable logic level when an input pin is not connected
Which of the following is not a typical feature of a microcontroller datasheet?

a) Pinout diagram

b) Electrical characteristics

c) Operating system source code

Answer: c) Operating system source code

What is the purpose of a peripheral interface controller (PIC) microcontroller?

a) To control peripheral devices in embedded systems

b) To perform complex mathematical calculations

c) To connect devices to the internet

Answer: a) To control peripheral devices in embedded systems

Which of the following is not a commonly used communication protocol for long-
range wireless communication in embedded systems?

a) Wi-Fi

b) LoRa

c) NFC

Answer: c) NFC

What is the purpose of a voltage regulator in an embedded system?

a) To regulate the voltage supplied to the microcontroller

b) To convert digital signals to analog signals

c) To amplify analog signals

Answer: a) To regulate the voltage supplied to the microcontroller

Which of the following is not a common microcontroller architecture family?

a) ARM Cortex-M

b) Intel Core

c) AVR

Answer: b) Intel Core

What is the purpose of a bootloader in an embedded system?

a) To load the operating system

b) To load application firmware

c) To load device drivers

Answer: b) To load application firmware

Which of the following is not a commonly used development board for

prototyping embedded systems?

a) Arduino

b) Raspberry Pi

c) Intel Core i7

Answer: c) Intel Core i7

What is the purpose of the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) in embedded

systems?

a) To provide a high-speed synchronous serial communication interface

b) To connect devices to the internet

c) To control display devices

Answer: a) To provide a high-speed synchronous serial communication interface

Which of the following is not a common microcontroller programming language?

a) C/C++

b) Python

c) Assembly language

Answer: b) Python

What is the role of a watchdog timer in an embedded system?

a) To monitor and reset the microcontroller if it becomes unresponsive

b) To regulate the power supply

c) To measure the time taken by the microcontroller to execute a task

Answer: a) To monitor and reset the microcontroller if it becomes unresponsive

Which of the following is not a common application of embedded systems in the

automotive industry?

a) Engine control

b) Infotainment systems

c) Personal computers

Answer: c) Personal computers

What is the purpose of a Brownout Detection (BOD) circuit in an embedded

system?

a) To detect power failures and switch to a backup power source

b) To protect the microcontroller from overvoltage

c) To ensure stable operation during low-voltage conditions

Answer: c) To ensure stable operation during low-voltage conditions

Which of the following is not a common sensor used in IoT (Internet of Things)
devices?

a) Temperature sensor

b) Humidity sensor

c) Graphics processing unit (GPU)

Answer: c) Graphics processing unit (GPU)

What is the purpose of a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module in an embedded system?

a) To generate clock signals for timing operations

b) To keep track of the current date and time

c) To regulate the power supply

Answer: b) To keep track of the current date and time

Which of the following is not a commonly used programming paradigm in

embedded systems?

a) Object-oriented programming

b) Event-driven programming

c) Relational programming

Answer: c) Relational programming

What is the purpose of a voltage divider circuit in an embedded system?

a) To step up the voltage supplied to the microcontroller

b) To step down the voltage supplied to the microcontroller

c) To convert digital signals to analog signals

Answer: b) To step down the voltage supplied to the microcontroller

Which of the following is not a common feature of microcontroller development
tools?

a) Debugger

b) Simulator

c) Memory management unit

Answer: c) Memory management unit

What is the purpose of the I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) protocol in embedded

systems?

a) To provide a high-speed synchronous serial communication interface

b) To connect devices to the internet

c) To enable communication between integrated circuits

Answer: c) To enable communication between integrated circuits

Which of the following is not a common input/output device used in embedded

systems?

a) Keyboard

b) LCD display

c) Actuator

Answer: a) Keyboard

What is the purpose of a pulse-width modulation (PWM) module in an embedded

system?

a) To convert digital signals to analog signals

b) To generate analog signals with variable duty cycles

c) To regulate the power supply

Answer: b) To generate analog signals with variable duty cycles

Which of the following is not a common application of embedded systems in
consumer electronics?

a) Smartphones

b) Microwave ovens

c) Industrial robots

Answer: c) Industrial robots

What is the purpose of a brownout detection circuit in an embedded system?

a) To detect power failures and switch to a backup power source

b) To protect the microcontroller from overvoltage

c) To ensure stable operation during low-voltage conditions

Answer: c) To ensure stable operation during low-voltage conditions

Which of the following is not a commonly used microcontroller development

tool?

a) Emulator

b) Compiler

c) Keyboard

Answer: c) Keyboard

What is the role of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in an embedded system?

a) To convert digital signals to analog signals

b) To convert analog signals to digital signals

c) To amplify digital signals

Answer: b) To convert analog signals to digital signals

Which of the following is not a commonly used microcontroller memory?

a) EEPROM

b) SRAM

c) DDR

Answer: c) DDR

What is the purpose of a reset circuit in an embedded system?

a) To reset the microcontroller when power is applied

b) To regulate the power supply

c) To amplify digital signals

Answer: a) To reset the microcontroller when power is applied