TRANSFORMERS

Which of the following statements regarding an idel single-phase transformer

having a turn ratio of 1 : 2 and drawing a current of 10 A from 200 V A.C.
supply is incorrect?

A. Its secondary current is 5 A

B. Its secondary voltage is 400 V
C. Its rating is 2 kVA
D. Its secondary current is 20 A
E. It is a step-up transformer

In a given transformer for a given applied voltage, losses which remain

constant irrespective of load changes are__________?

A. hysteresis and eddy current losses

B. friction and windage losses
C. copper losses
D. none of the above

Losses which occur in rotating electric machines and do not occur in

transformers are___________?

A. friction and windage losses

B. magnetic losses
C. hysteresis and eddy current losses
D. copper losses

For given applied voltage, with the increase in frequency of the applied
voltage?

A. eddy current loss will decrease

B. eddy current loss will increase
C. eddy current loss will remain unchanged
D. none of the above

In a power or distribution transformer about 10 per cent end turns are heavily
insulated__________?

A. to withstand the high voltage drop due to line surge produced by the
shunting capacitance of the end turns
B. to absorb the line surge voltage and save the winding of transformer from damage
C. to reflect the line surge and save the winding of a transformer from damage
D. none of the above

Reduction in core losses and increase in permeability are obtained with

transformer employing__________?

A. core built-up of laminations of cold rolled grain oriented steel

B. core built-up of laminations of hot rolled sheet
C. either of the above
D. none of the above
The noise produced by a transformer is termed as_______________________?

A.zoom
B. hum
C. ringing
D. buzz

Which of the following parts of a transformer is visible from outside ?

A. Bushings
B. Core
C. Primary winding
D. Secondary winding

Which of the following insulating materials can withstand the highest

temperature safely ?

A. Cellulose
B. Asbestos
C. Mica
D. Glass fibre

The efficiency of two identical transformers under load conditions can be

determined by_______________?

A. short-circuit test
B. back-to-back test
C. open circuit test
D. any of the above

Which of the following acts as a protection against high voltage surges due to
lightning and switching ?

A. Horn gaps
B. Thermal overload relays
C. Breather
D. Conservator

A good voltage regulation of a transformer means________________?

A good voltage regulation of a transformer means

A. output voltage fluctuation from no load to full load is least
B. output voltage fluctuation with power factor is least
C. difference between primary and secondary voltage is least
D. difference between primary and secondary voltage is maximum

Which of the following protection is normally not provided on small

distribution transformers ?

A. Overfluxing protection
B. Buchholz relay
C. Overcurrent protection
D. All of the above
For a transformer, operating at constant load current, maximum efficiency will
occur at______________?

A. 0.8 leading power factor

B. 0.8 lagging power factor
C. zero power factor
D. unity power factor

A Transformer transforms____________?

A. voltage
B. current
C. current and voltage
D. power

A transformer can have regulation closer to zero___________?

A. on full-load
B. on overload
C. on leading power factor
D. on zero power factor

In a transformer the resistance between its primary and secondary should

be_____________?

A. zero
B. 10 Q
C. 1000 Q
D. infinity

The secondary of a current transformer is always short-circuited under

operating conditions because it____________________?

A. avoids core saturation and high voltage induction

B. is safe to human beings
C. protects the primary circuit
D. none of the above

A shell-type transformer has_________?

A. high eddy current losses

B. reduced magnetic leakage
C. negligibly hysteresis losses
D. none of the above

N atural air coo ling is generally restricted for transformers up to__________?

A. 1.5 MVA
B. 5 MVA
C. 15 MVA
D. 50 MVA
The size of a transformer core will depend on__________?

A. frequency
B. area of the core
C. flux density of the core material
D. A. and B. both

The secondary winding of which of the following transformers is always kept

closed?

A. Step-up transformer
B. Step-down transformer
C. Potential transformer
D. Current transformer

The function of breather in a transformer is___________?

A. to provide oxygen inside the tank

B. to cool the coils during reduced load
C. to cool the transformer oil
D. to arrest flow of moisture when outside air enters the transformer

The efficiencies of transformers compared with that of electric motors of the

same power are____________?

A. about the same

B. much smaller
C. much higher
D. somewhat smaller
E. none of the above

The transformer oil should have _______ volatility and _______ viscosity?

A. low,low
B. high,high
C. low,high
D. high,low

In a step-down transformer, there is a change of 15 A in the load current. This

results in change of supply current of_________________?

A. less than 15 A
B. more than 15 A
C. 15 A
D. none of the above

For the parallel operation of single phase transformers it is necessary that

they should have___________?

A. same efficiency
B. same polarity
C. same kVA rating
D. same number of turns on the secondary side.
Minimum voltage regulation occurs when the power factor of the load
is_____________?

A. unity
B. lagging
C. leading
D. zero

Auto-transformer makes effective saving on copper and copper losses, when

its transformation ratio is_________________?

A. approximately equal to one

B. less than one
C. great than one
D. none of the above

Short circuit test on transformers is conducted to determine____________?

A. hysteresis losses
B. copper losses
C. core losses
D. eddy current losses

If a transformer is switched on to a voltage more than the rated

voltage______________?

A. its power factor will deteriorate

B. its power factor will increase
C. its power factor will remain unaffected
D. its power factor will be zero

Open circuit test on transformers is conducted to determine____________?

A. hysteresis losses
B. copper losses
C. core losses
D. eddy current losses

Part of the transformer which is most subject to damage from overheating

is_____________?

A. iron core
B. copper winding
C. winding insulation
D. frame or case
E. transformer tank
During open circuit test of a transformer:

A. primary is supplied rated voltage

B. primary is supplied full-load current
C. primary is supplied current at reduced voltage
D. primary is supplied rated kVA

The voltage transformation ratio of a transformer is equal to the ratio of____?

A. primary turns to secondary turns

B. secondary current to primary current
C. secondary induced e.m.f. to primary induced e.m.f
D. secondary terminal voltage to primary applied voltage

A no-load test is performed on a transformer to determine_______________?

A. core loss
B. copper loss
C. efficiency
D. magnetising current
E. magnetising current and loss

Which type of winding is used in 3 phase shell-type transformer?

A. Circular type
B. Sandwich type
C. Cylindrical type
D. Rectangular type

An open-circuit test on a transformer is conducted primarily to measure____?

A. insulation resistance
B. copper loss
C. core loss
D. total loss
E. efficiency
F. none of the above

The transformer lamination’s are insulated from each other by____________?

A. mica strip
B. thin coat of varnish
C. paper
D. any of the above

When secondary of a current transformer is open-circuited its iron core will

be__________?

A. hot because of heavy iron losses taking place in it due to high flux density
B. hot because primary will carry heavy current
C. cool as there is no secondary current
D. none of above will happen
The efficiency of a transformer, under heavy loads, is comparatively low
because_______________?

A. copper loss becomes high in proportion to the output

B. iron loss is increased considerably
C. voltage drop both in primary and secondary becomes large
D. secondary output is much less as compared to primary input

The maximum load that a power transformer can carry is limited by

its________________?

A. temperature rise
B. dielectric strength of oil
C. voltage ratio
D. copper loss

The hum in a transformer is mainly attributed to______________?

A. load changes
B. oil in the transformer
C. magnetostriction
D. mechanical vibrations

Which of the following is the most likely source of harmonics in a

transformer ?

A. poor insulation
B. Overload
C. loose connections
D. Core saturation

If a transformer is continuously operated the maximum temperature rise will

occur in_______________?

A. core
B. windings
C. tank
D. any of the above

Iron loss of a transformer can be measured by____________?

A. low power factor wattmeter

B. unity power factor wattmeter
C. frequency meter
D. any type of wattmeter

Which of the following loss in a transformer is zero even at full load _______?

A. Core loss
B. Friction loss
C. Eddy current loss
D. Hysteresis loss
Negative voltage regulation is indicative that the load is___________?

A. capacitive only
B. inductive only
C. inductive or resistive
D. none of the above

Helical coils can be used on___________________?

A. low voltage side of high kVA transformers

B. high frequency transformers
C. high voltage side of small capacity transformers
D. high voltage side of high kVA rating transformers

If the supply frequency to the transformer is increased,”the iron loss

will__________?

A. not change
B. decrease
C. increase
D. any of the above

Which of the following is not a routine test on transformers ?

A. Core insulation voltage test

B. Impedance test
C. Radio interference test
D. Polarity test

An ideal transformer will have maximum efficiency at a load such that?

A. copper loss = iron loss

B. copper loss iron loss
D. none of the above

A transformer can have zero voltage regulation at______________?

A. leading power factor

B. lagging power factor
C. unity power factor
D. zero power factor

Noise level test in a transformer is a______________?

A. special test
B. routine test
C. type test
D. none of the above
In an actual transformer the iron loss remains practically constant from no
load to full load because:____________?

A. value of transformation ratio remains constant

B. permeability of transformer core remains constant
C. core flux remains practically constant
D. primary voltage remains constant
C. secondary voltage remains constant

The path of the magnetic flux in transformer should have____________?

A. high reluctance
B. low reactance
C. high resistance
D. low resistance

When a given transformer is run at its rated voltage but reduced frequency,
its____________?

A. flux density remains unaffected

B. iron losses are reduced
C. core flux density is reduced
D. core flux density is increased

Which of the following properties is not necessarily desirable for the material
for transformer core ?

A. Low hysteresis loss

B. High permeability
C. High thermal conductivity
D. Adequate mechanical strength

The leakage flux in a transformer depends upon______________?

A. load current
B. load current and voltage
C. load current, voltage and frequency
D. load current, voltage, frequency and power factor

An ideal transformer is one which has_____________?

A. no losses and magnetic leakage

B. interleaved primary and secondary windings
C. a common core for its primary and secondary windings
D. core of stainless steel and winding of pure copper metal
E. none of the above

Which of the following does not change in an ordinary transformer ?

A. Frequency
B. Voltage
C. Current
D. Any of the above
The changes in volume of transformer cooling oil due to variation of
atmospheric temperature during day and night is taken care of by which part
of transformer?

A. Conservator
B. Breather
C. Bushings
D. Buchholz relay

The magnetising current of a transformer is usually small because it

has___________?

A. small air gap

B. large leakage flux
C. laminated silicon steel core
D. fewer rotating parts

Buchholz’s relay gives warning and protection against_________________?

A. electrical fault inside the transformer itself

B. electrical fault outside the transformer in outgoing feeder
C. for both outside and inside faults
D. none of the above

Two transformers are connected in parallel. These transformers do not have

equal percentage impedance. This is likely to result in____________?

A. short-circuiting of the secondaries

B. power factor of one of the transformers is leading while that of the other lagging
C. transformers having higher copper losses will have negligible core losses
D. loading of the transformers not in proportion to their kVA ratings

During short circuit test iron losses are negligible because of _____________?

A. the current on secondary side is negligible

B. the voltage on secondary side does not vary
C. the voltage applied on primary side is low
D. full-load current is not supplied to the transformer

Which of the following is the main advantage of an auto-transformer over a

two winding transformer?

A. Hysteresis losses are reduced

B. Saving in winding material
C. Copper losses are negligible
D. Eddy losses are totally eliminated

Power transformers are generally designed to have maximum efficiency

around__________?

A. no-load
B. half-load
C. near full-load
D. 10% overload