REACTIVE POWER CONTROL IN A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
EXP NO:
DATE
MATLAB PROGRAM:
clc clear all ;
VR=220e3/sqrt(3);
alpha=0.163e-3;
beta=1.0683e-3;
L=5000;
k=1;
for i=0:10:L,
VS=(VR/2)*exp(alpha*i)*exp(j*beta*i)+(VR/2)*exp(-alpha*i)*exp(-j*beta*i);
X(k)=real(VS;
Y(k)=imag(VS;
k=k+1;
p(k)=VS;
q(k)=i; end
figure(1);
plot(p,q)
figure(2);
plot(X,Y);
OUTPUT
Transient stability of power systems using equal area criterion
EXP NO:
DATE:
MATLAB PROGRAMME
E=1.35;
V=1.0;
H=9.94;
X=0.65;
Pm=0.6;
D=0.138;
f0=60;
Pmax=E*V/X,
d0=asin(Pm/Pmax)
Ps=Pmax*cos(d0)
wn=sqrt(pi*60/H*Ps)
z=D/2*sqrt(pi*60/(H*Ps))
wd=wn*sqrt(1z^2),fd=wd/(2*pi)
tau=1/(z*wn)
th=acos(Z)
Dd0=10*pi/180;
t=0:.01:3;
Dd=Dd0/sqrt(1-z^2)*exp(-z*wn*t).*sin(wd*t+th);
d=(d0+Dd)*180/pi;
Dw=-wn*Dd0/sqrt(1-z^2)*exp(-z*wn*t).*sin(wd*t);
f=f0+Dw/(2*pi);
subplot(2,1,1),plot(t,d),grid xlabel('t sec'),ylabel('Delta degree') subplot(2,1,2),plot(t,f),grid xlabel('tsec'),ylabel('frquency hertz')
subplot(111)
OUTPUT
Pmax =2.0769 d0 =0.29 Ps =1.9884 wn =6.1405
z =0.2131
wd=.5.999 fd = 09549 taU=0.7643 th=.3561
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS
Economic Load Dispatch of (i) Thermal units and thermal plants using
conventional method
MATLAB PROGRAMME:
Exp
No:
Date:
clc; clear all; Name:
data= [0.00142 7.20 510 1.1 600 150 0.00194 7.85 310 1 400 100
0.00482 7.97 78 1 200 050];
ng=length(data(:,1));
a=data(:,1);
b=data(:,2);
c=data(:,3);
fc=data(:,4);
pmax=data(:,5);
pmin=data(:,6);
loss=[ 0 0 0];
C=fc.*c;
B=fc.*b;
A=fc.*a;
la=1;
pd=850;
acc=0.2;
diff=1;
0 while acc<(abs(diff));
for i=1:ng;
p(i)= (la-B(i))/(2*(la*loss(i)+A(i)));
if p(i)<pmin(i);
p(i)=pmin(i);
end;
if p(i)>pmax(i);
p(i)=pmax(i);
end;
end;
LS=sum(((p.*p).*loss));
diff=(pd+LS-sum(p));
if diff>0 la=la+0.001;
else
la=la-0.001;
end;
end;
PowerShared=p
Lambda=la
Loss=LS
OUTPUT:
ans =0
PowerShared =
393.0858 334.5361 122.1992
Lambda =9.1490
Loss = 0
SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
EXP NO:
DATE:
1-PH TRANSFORMER OUTPUT WAVEFORM
BUCK CONVERTER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
EXP NO:
DATE:
BUCK CONVERTER OUTPUT WAVEFORM
BOOST CONVERTER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
BOOST CONVERTER OUTPUT WAVEFORM
FIND OPTIMUM LOADING OF GENERATORS WITH PENALTY FACTORS
clc clear
n=2;Pd=237.04; alpha=[0.020
0.04];
beta=[16 20];
% initial guess for lamda is 20;tolerance is eps and increment in lamda is deltalamda lamda = 20; lamdaprev =
lamda ; eps = 1; deltalamda = 0.25;
% the min. and max. limits of each generating unit are stored in arrays Pgmin and Pgmax=[200 200];Pgmin=[0
0]; B = [0.0010 0
0 0];
noofiter=0;PL=0;Pg = zeros(n,1);
while abs(sum(Pg)-Pd-PL)>eps for
i=1:n, sigma=B(i,:)*Pg-B(i,i)*Pg(i);
Pg(i)=(1-beta(i)/(lamda-(2*sigma)))/(alpha(i)/lamda+2*B(i,i));
%PL=Pg'*B*Pg;
if Pg(i)>Pgmax (i)
Pg(i)=Pgmax (i); end
if Pg(i)<Pgmin(i)
Pg(i)=Pgmin(i); end
end
PL = Pg'*B*Pg;
if (sum(Pg)-Pd-PL)<0
lamdaprev=lamda;
lamda=lamda+deltalamda; else
lamdaprev=lamda; lamda=lamda-
deltalamda; end
noofiter=noofiter + 1; Pg;
end
disp ('The no of iterations required are') noofiter
disp ('The final value of lamda is') lamdaprev
disp ('The optimal loading of generators including penalty factors is')
Pg
disp('The losses are') PL
MATLAB PROGRAM OUTPUT
The no of iterations required are
noofiter =
21
The final value of lamda is lamdaprev =
25
The optimal loading of generators including penalty factors is Pg =
128.5714
125.0000
The losses are PL =
16.5306
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