MODULE 3:

1. Fractions
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2. Completing the square
A. Fractions (xl and GJ. Completing the square
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1. Factorise 1. ,l - 2x - 4

(1 J2 - (12 x 2 )2 - 4
2. Cancel I
= x2 - 2x + 2 x 2
Simplify:
= x2-2x+1-1-4 I
2+x
2_X_X2
= (x - 1)2 - 5 I
a > 0
= (x + 7)(x + 1) x (2 + x)(1 - x) :. minimum value of -5
3(x - 1)(x + 1) 2+ x
2. - 2x2 + 3x - 6
(x + 7) x -( x -1 )
- - = - 2 [x~13]- - x + 3
3(x-l) 2

=---
-x-7
3 = -2[x 2 3
- 2 x + ,4
(3)2 - 169 +3J
B. Fractions (±) and (-) = -2[(x _ ~)2 + 39]
4 16
Factorise denominators 3 . .., 39
1. = -2(x __ )L - _
2. LCD of denominators , 4' 8
3. Put everything on LCD a < 0
Simplify: .
:. maximum I
va.ue a f -- 39
8
xex + 2) x
---
x2 - X - 2 x+1
x(x + 2) x 3. ~ x2 - x - ~ = ~ [.\:2 - 2x - 3]
= -~--"--- - -- 2 2 2
(x - 2)(x + 1) x+1
![x2 - z.. + 1 - 1 - 3]
+ 2x - x(x - 2)
X2 2
= ----'-----'-
(x-2)(x+1) = ~ [(x - 1)2 - 4 J
X2 + 2x - X2 + 2x 1 I
= =-(x-l)--2
(x-2)(x+1) 2
a > 0
4x
keep LCD in answer! :. minimum vaiue of -2
(x - 2)(x + 1)

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Simplify:

Worksheet 3 A Worksheet t 3 B

1. 3 2x 1. x+1 x-l
--+--
(x - 2) 2x + 4 x +2

3 4 4 x 2y y
2. -- +-- - ----- 2. 2 .2 + x 2 -xy
x - 2 x + 2 (2 - x)(2 + x) x -y

321 3x 2x
3. --+--+-- 3. +
x-3 3-x x+2 2x - 2y 3x - 3y

1 3 4 2 3
4. --.+ ----:::- 4.
x - 1 (x - 1)2 1)3 ex - (x- y? y2 _ x2

x -1 3x x+t t-x 2x(y+t).

5. 2 + -2=------ 5.* -----+? ?
25 - 4x 6x - l1x - 10 x-y x+y x~-y·

Worksheet 3 C Worksheet 3 D

(2x + 4)(x - 3) - ex - 2)(x - 3l 1. 3x

x---
45x2 - 5
(x + 6)(3 - x) 1 + 3x 5(1 - 3x)

9 - 3x x2 - 9 x2 - X - 12 12x2 - 15x -18

-,---x--- 2.
3 6 8 - 2x 3x2 -12
~
;;2 + 8x + 7 2+x _~2 ~ xy -e- X2 _ y2
-s-- 2- x:'" X2
3.
3x2 -3 x-y y-x

5x - 5 5x2 - 5x (.1:- 5')2 + 2(x- y)

21 -;-"7x- 4.
y -:r

4x -'-
2x -10 x+y + x-y . x + 2y
5x + 10 X2 - 3x - 10 5.
2x + 2y 2x + 4y x-y

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 ",,"/
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Worksheet 3 E Worksheet 3 F

1. 1. 2(x - 1)2 -
4x- 6
ex - 1) I
I
2.
3
--+--
4
2.
xex + 2) ---
x
y-3 3-y x2 - x - 2 x+1

x - 2y p - 3t 3.
3. x
3t - p 2y - x 213
1------- + 2
(x - 2)(x + 1) 4 - x2 2x - x

4. 6x + 9 . (x + 11 - x1 +- 2)
2x2 _ 2"7" X - x
4.

5.
2 1
4x -l?.t}· + 9 y- 3x 6x
x 2 ' 5.
lOx-15y 5x+20y 2x +Sxy-12y~

Worksheet 3 G Worksheet 3 H

Complete the square in each expession: Write the following in the

form a(x-p)2+q:
.., -e-, 6
1. x~ - LX +
1. 3x2 + 5x - 4

1 2
2. --x + 2x + 3
2

4. - 2>,;2 + Sx + 10 3. -x2 + Sax + 6

S. - 2../ + 3x - 4 4. ax2 + bx + c

5. -5x2 + px + 3

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 Worksheet) I Worksheet 3 l(Test)

Complete the square and state (x + 1)2 - 2-' - 2

whether the following expressions 1. x2 - x - 2
have maximum or minimum
values and determine this.

1. 1 1 x2 - 2x +1
2x2 - 3x - 4 2. --::--- -- X ----
x2 -1 1- x x +1

2. -3x2 + 5x - 9
a-b+a+h_2
3.
a+ b a-b
3. _x2 + 3mx - 2p

-1 -1
14. _t)' -x
x-y
Y

4. ~x2 + 2x - 4
2
I If x = 555 555 555,
15. X2 -25
determine the value of .
1 2 04-5
5. --x - x + 2
3 (
' 6. Calculate,without the use of a
II calculator:

I 555 555 x 555 556 - 555 553 x 555 554

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