Government PG College Noida

Fundamental of Computer and IT Important Questions

1. The term ‘Computer’ is derived from..........

a. Latin✅ ​
b. German​
c. French​
d. Arabic

Answer: (a) Latin​

Explanation: The word "Computer" comes from the Latin word computare, which means "to
calculate" or "to count." Early computers were mainly used for mathematical calculations, hence
the name.

Related Term:

●​ Computer: An electronic device that processes data and performs calculations.

2. Who is the inventor of the “Difference Engine”?

✅
a. Alan Turing​
b. Charles Babbage ​
c. Seymour Cray​
d. Augusta Ada Lovelace

Answer: (b) Charles Babbage​

Explanation: Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine in the early 19th century as a
mechanical calculator capable of computing polynomial functions.

Related Term:

●​ Difference Engine: A mechanical computer designed to calculate mathematical tables.

3. Who is the father of the Computer?

✅​
a. Alan Turing​
b. Charles Babbage
c. Seymour Cray​
d. Augusta Ada Lovelace

Answer: (b) Charles Babbage​

Explanation: Charles Babbage is known as the "Father of the Computer" for designing the
Analytical Engine, which had features similar to modern computers.

Related Term:

●​ Analytical Engine: A proposed mechanical general-purpose computer.

4. Who is the father of Computer Science?

a. Alan Turing ✅
​
b. Charles Babbage​
c. Seymour Cray​
d. Augusta Ada Lovelace

Answer: (a) Alan Turing​

Explanation: Alan Turing contributed significantly to the development of theoretical computing,
including the Turing Machine, a model for computation.

Related Term:

●​ Turing Machine: A theoretical machine that can simulate any computer algorithm.

5. Who is the father of the personal computer?

a. Edward Robert ✅
​
b. Alan Turing​
c. Charles Babbage​
d. None of these

Answer: (a) Edward Robert​

Explanation: Edward Roberts developed the Altair 8800, considered the first personal
computer, in 1975.

Related Term:

●​ Personal Computer (PC): A computer designed for individual use.

6. A CPU contains

a. A card reader and a printing device​

✅​
b. An analytical engine and a control unit​
c. A control unit and an arithmetic logic unit
d. An arithmetic logic unit and a card reader

Answer: (c) A control unit and an arithmetic logic unit​

Explanation: The Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of:

●​ Control Unit (CU): Directs the flow of data and instructions.

●​ Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs calculations and logical operations.

Related Term:

●​ CPU: The "brain" of a computer, responsible for executing instructions.

7. Which of the following controls the interaction between the user and the
operating system?

a. User interface ✅​
b. Language translator​
c. Platform​
d. Screen saver

Answer: (a) User interface​

Explanation: The User Interface (UI) allows users to interact with the operating system through
graphical (GUI) or command-line (CLI) interfaces.

Related Term:

●​ Graphical User Interface (GUI): Uses icons and menus for interaction.
●​ Command-Line Interface (CLI): Requires typed commands.

8. The first computers were programmed using

✅
a. Assembly language​
b. Machine language ​
c. Source code​
d. Object code
Answer: (b) Machine language​
Explanation: Early computers used machine language, which consists of binary code (0s and
1s) directly understood by the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Assembly Language: A low-level programming language that is easier than machine

language but still closely related to hardware.

9. A combination of hardware and software that facilitates the sharing of

information between computing devices is called

a. Network ✅ ​
b. Peripheral​
c. Expansion board​
d. Digital device

Answer: (a) Network​

Explanation: A computer network connects multiple devices to share resources and
information.

Related Term:

●​ LAN (Local Area Network): A network in a small area like an office.

●​ WAN (Wide Area Network): A network spanning large distances.

10. Coded entries used to gain access to a computer system are called

✅
a. Entry codes​
b. Passwords ​
c. Security commands​
d. Code words

Answer: (b) Passwords​

Explanation: A password is a security mechanism used to authenticate users.

Related Term:

●​ Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Adds an extra security layer.

11. Which of the following statements is true?

a. Minicomputer works faster than a microcomputer ✅​

b. Microcomputer works faster than a minicomputer​
c. Both have the same speed​
d. Speeds cannot be compared

Answer: (a) Minicomputer works faster than a microcomputer​

Explanation: Minicomputers are more powerful than microcomputers but less powerful than
mainframes.

12. You organize files by storing them in

✅
a. Archives​
b. Folders ​
c. Indexes​
d. Lists

Answer: (b) Folders​

Explanation: Files are organized into folders for easy management.

13. What type of resource is most commonly shared in a computer

network?

a. Printers✅ ​
b. Speakers​
c. Floppy disk drives​
d. Keyboards

Answer: (a) Printers​

Explanation: Network printers allow multiple users to print without direct connections.

14. Which device is required for an Internet connection?

✅
a. Joystick​
b. Modem ​
c. CD Drive​
d. NIC Card
Answer: (b) Modem​
Explanation: A modem converts digital signals into analog for transmission over telephone
lines.

A NIC(Network Interface Card) allows a computer to communicate with other devices on

a network. It is a physical piece of hardware that acts as an interface between the
computer and the network

15. What is a light pen?

✅
a. A Mechanical Input device​
b. Optical input device ​
c. Electronic input device​
d. Optical output device

Answer: (b) Optical input device​

Explanation: A light pen is a pointing device used to select objects directly on a screen. It
detects light changes from the monitor and helps in graphic design and CAD (Computer-Aided
Design).

Related Term:

●​ Input Device: Any device used to enter data into a computer (e.g., keyboard, mouse,
scanner).
●​ Output Device: Displays results (e.g., monitor, printer).

16. UNIVAC stands for

a. Universal Automatic Computer ✅​

b. Universal Array Computer​
c. Unique Automatic Computer​
d. Unvalued Automatic Computer

Answer: (a) Universal Automatic Computer​

Explanation: UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was the first commercial computer
developed in 1951 by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.

Related Term:

●​ First Generation Computers: Used vacuum tubes and were very large.
17. CD-ROM stands for

a. Compactable Read Only Memory​

b. Compact Data Read Only Memory​

✅
c. Compactable Disk Read Only Memory​
d. Compact Disk Read Only Memory

Answer: (d) Compact Disk Read Only Memory​

Explanation: CD-ROM is an optical disc that stores data permanently and cannot be modified.

Related Term:

●​ Optical Storage: Uses laser technology to read and write data (e.g., CD, DVD, Blu-ray).

18. ALU is

a. Arithmetic Logic Unit ✅ ​

b. Array Logic Unit​
c. Application Logic Unit​
d. None of the above

Answer: (a) Arithmetic Logic Unit​

Explanation: ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) is a part of the CPU that performs arithmetic
operations (addition, subtraction) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT).

Related Term:

●​ CPU (Central Processing Unit): The main processing unit of a computer.

19. VGA stands for

a. Video Graphics Array ✅ ​

b. Visual Graphics Array​
c. Volatile Graphics Array​
d. Video Graphics Adapter

Answer: (a) Video Graphics Array​

Explanation: VGA is a display standard that provides a resolution of 640 × 480 pixels.

Related Term:

●​ Resolution: The number of pixels on a screen, determining image clarity.

20. IBM 1401 is

✅​
a. First Generation Computer​
b. Second Generation Computer
c. Third Generation Computer​
d. Fourth Generation Computer

Answer: (b) Second Generation Computer​

Explanation: The IBM 1401 was a second-generation computer that used transistors instead of
vacuum tubes, making it smaller and faster.

IBM (International Business Machines) is a multinational corporation that makes

computers, software, and other technology products. IBM is known for its mainframes,
supercomputers, and the IBM Personal Computer (IBM PC).

Related Term:

●​ Transistors: Replaced vacuum tubes, reducing power consumption and size.

21. MSIC stands for

a. Medium Scale Integrated Circuits ​ ✅

b. Medium System Integrated Circuits​
c. Medium Scale Intelligent Circuit​
d. Medium System Intelligent Circuit

Answer: (a) Medium Scale Integrated Circuits​

Explanation: MSI (Medium Scale Integration) refers to a type of integrated circuit that contains
hundreds of transistors.

Related Term:

●​ Integrated Circuit (IC): A miniaturized electronic circuit used in modern computers.

22. The capacity of a 3.5-inch floppy disk is

a. 1.40 MB​
b. 1.44 GB​
 ✅
c. 1.40 GB​
d. 1.44 MB

Answer: (d) 1.44 MB​

Explanation: The standard storage capacity of a 3.5-inch floppy disk is 1.44 MB.

Related Term:

●​ Floppy Disk: A magnetic storage medium used before USB drives.

23. WAN stands for

✅
a. Wap Area Network​
b. Wide Area Network ​
c. Wide Array Net​
d. Wireless Area Network

Answer: (b) Wide Area Network​

Explanation: WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that spans large geographical areas,
such as the Internet.

Related Term:

●​ LAN (Local Area Network): A network confined to a small area like an office.

24. MICR stands for

a. Magnetic Ink Character Reader ✅​

b. Magnetic Ink Code Reader​
c. Magnetic Ink Cases Reader​
d. None

Answer: (a) Magnetic Ink Character Reader​

Explanation: MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) is a technology used by banks to
read printed numbers on cheques.

Related Term:

●​ OCR (Optical Character Recognition): Converts printed text into digital format.
25. EBCDIC stands for

a. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ✅​

b. Extended Bit Code Decimal Interchange Code​
c. Extended Bit Case Decimal Interchange Code​
d. Extended Binary Case Decimal Interchange Code

Answer: (a) Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code​

Explanation: EBCDIC is a character encoding system used in IBM mainframe computers.

Related Term:

●​ ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): Another character

encoding system widely used in personal computers.

26. Which of the following is a part of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

a. Printer​
b. Keyboard​

✅
c. Mouse​
d. Arithmetic & Logic Unit (ALU)

Answer: (d) Arithmetic & Logic Unit (ALU)​

Explanation: The CPU consists of two major components:

●​ Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic and logical operations.

●​ Control Unit (CU): Directs the flow of instructions and data within the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Peripheral Devices: External devices like printers, keyboards, and mice.

27. CAD stands for

a. Computer-Aided Design ✅​
b. Computer Algorithm for Design​
c. Computer Application in Design​
d. Computer Analogue Design

Answer: (a) Computer-Aided Design​

Explanation: CAD is software used by engineers and designers to create precise drawings and
models for buildings, machines, and other structures.
Related Term:

●​ CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing): Uses CAD models for automated

manufacturing.

28. Junk e-mail is also called

a. Spam ✅ ​
b. Spoof​
c. Sniffer script​
d. Spool

Answer: (a) Spam​

Explanation: Spam refers to unwanted or unsolicited emails, often used for advertising or
phishing attacks.

Related Term:

●​ Phishing: A cyber attack where fake emails trick users into providing sensitive
information.

29. Hackers

✅
a. All have the same motive​
b. Break into other people's computers ​
c. May legally break into computers as long as they do not do any damage​
d. Are people who are allergic to computers

Answer: (b) Break into other people's computers​

Explanation: Hackers gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Some do so for
malicious reasons (black-hat hackers), while others do ethical hacking to find vulnerabilities.

Related Term:

●​ White-Hat Hacker: Security experts who legally test system vulnerabilities.

30. What type of computers are client computers in a client-server system?

a. Mainframe​
b. Mini-computer​
c. Microcomputer ✅​
d. PDA

Answer: (c) Microcomputer​

Explanation: In a client-server system, the client is typically a microcomputer (PC) that
requests services from a server.

Related Term:

●​ Server: A powerful computer that provides services like storage and networking.
●​ PDA: Personal Digital Assistant

31. A computer cannot 'boot' if it does not have the

a. Compiler​

✅​
b. Loader​
c. Operating System
d. Assembler

Answer: (c) Operating System​

Explanation: The booting process loads the operating system (OS), which manages hardware
and software.

Related Term:

●​ BIOS (Basic Input Output System): The first program that runs when a computer
starts.

32. The amount of vertical space between lines of text in a document is

called

✅
a. Double-space​
b. Line spacing ​
c. Single space​
d. Vertical spacing

Answer: (b) Line spacing​

Explanation: Line spacing determines how much space appears between lines in a document.

Related Term:

●​ Word Processor: Software like MS Word used to edit and format text.
33. Example of non-numeric data is

a. Employee address ✅​
b. Examination score​
c. Bank balance​
d. All of these

Answer: (a) Employee address​

Explanation: Non-numeric data includes text, images, and multimedia, unlike numeric data,
which consists of numbers.

Related Term:

●​ Database: A collection of organized data, including text and numbers.

34. What is an embedded system?

a. The program which arrives in a box​

✅
b. The program which is the permanent part of the computer​
c. The computer which is part of a bigger system ​
d. The computer and software system that controls the machine

Answer: (c) The computer which is part of a bigger system​

Explanation: An embedded system is a specialized computer within a larger system (e.g., a
microcontroller in a washing machine).

35. The first page of a website is called the

a. Homepage ✅ ​
b. Index​
c. JAVA script​
d. Bookmark

Answer: (a) Homepage​

Explanation: The homepage is the main entry page of a website.

Related Term:

●​ URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The web address used to access a site.
36. The appearance of typed characters is called

✅​
a. Size​
b. Format
c. Point​
d. Colour

Answer: (b) Format​

Explanation: Formatting refers to the visual styling of text, such as font size, style, and color.

Related Term:

●​ Typography: The art of arranging text for readability.

37. When a file is saved for the first time

✅
a. A copy is automatically printed​
b. It must be given a name ​
c. It does not need a name​
d. It only needs a name if it is not going to be printed

Answer: (b) It must be given a name​

Explanation: When saving a file, it must have a name and a format (e.g., .docx, .pdf).

Related Term:

●​ File Extension: Identifies the type of file (e.g., .txt for text files).

38. Office LANs spread over a large scale can be connected by

a. CAN​
b. LAN​

✅
c. DAN​
d. WAN

Answer: (d) WAN​

Explanation: A Wide Area Network (WAN) connects LANs over large distances, such as
company branches across cities.

Related Term:
 ●​ VPN (Virtual Private Network): A secure way to connect remote offices over the
internet.

39. Where are data and programs stored when the processor uses them?

a. Main memory ​✅
b. Secondary memory​
c. Disk memory​
d. Program memory

Answer: (a) Main memory​

Explanation: Main memory (RAM) temporarily stores data that the CPU is actively using.

Related Term:

●​ Cache Memory: A faster type of memory used to speed up CPU operations.

40. ............... represents raw facts, whereas ............... is data made

meaningful.

✅
a. Information, reporting​
b. Data, information ​
c. Information, bits​
d. Records, bytes

Answer: (b) Data, information​

Explanation:

●​ Data refers to raw, unprocessed facts (e.g., numbers, text, images).

●​ Information is processed data that has meaning and can be used for decision-making.

Related Term:

●​ Database Management System (DBMS): Organizes and manages data efficiently.

41. What characteristic of read-only memory (ROM) makes it useful?

✅
a. ROM information can be easily updated.​
b. Data in ROM is non-volatile (remains even without power). ​
c. ROM provides large amounts of inexpensive data storage.​
d. ROM chips are easily swapped between different computers.
Answer: (b) Data in ROM is non-volatile​
Explanation:

●​ ROM (Read-Only Memory) is permanent storage that holds essential system instructions
like BIOS.
●​ Unlike RAM, ROM does not lose data when the power is turned off.

Related Term:

●​ Firmware: Software stored in ROM that controls hardware functions.

42. What do you call programs used to find possible faults and their
causes?

a. Operating system extensions​

✅
b. Cookies​
c. Diagnostic software ​
d. Boot diskettes

Answer: (c) Diagnostic software​

Explanation:

●​ Diagnostic software identifies hardware or software issues in a system.

●​ Example: Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool.

Related Term:

●​ Antivirus Software: Detects and removes malware from a system.

43. Which programming languages are classified as low-level languages?

a. BASIC, COBOL, Fortran​

b. Prolog​

✅
c. C, C++​
d. Assembly languages

Answer: (d) Assembly languages​

Explanation:

●​ Low-level languages are closer to machine code and provide direct hardware control.
Related Term:

●​ Machine Language: The lowest level of programming, understood directly by the CPU.

44. Which of the following is NOT an antivirus software?

a. NAV (Norton AntiVirus)​

✅
b. F-Prot​
c. Oracle ​
d. McAfee

Answer: (c) Oracle​

Explanation:

●​ Oracle is a database management system, not antivirus software.

●​ Antivirus software protects computers from malware and viruses.

Related Term:

●​ Firewall: A security system that prevents unauthorized access to a network.

45. Which device is required for an Internet connection?

✅
a. Joystick​
b. Modem ​
c. CD Drive​
d. NIC Card

Answer: (b) Modem​

Explanation:

●​ A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) converts digital signals into analog for transmission

over phone lines.
●​ NIC (Network Interface Card) is also necessary for networking but does not connect
directly to the internet.

Related Term:

●​ Wi-Fi Router: A device that connects multiple devices to the internet wirelessly.
46. What does DMA stand for?

✅
a. Distinct Memory Access​
b. Direct Memory Access ​
c. Direct Module Access​
d. Direct Memory Allocation

Answer: (b) Direct Memory Access​

Explanation:

●​ DMA allows hardware devices (e.g., hard drives) to transfer data to memory without
CPU involvement, increasing efficiency.

Related Term:

●​ Cache Memory: A high-speed memory that stores frequently used data.

47. Which of the following is a storage device?

a. Tape​
b. Hard Disk​

✅
c. Floppy Disk​
d. All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above​

Explanation:

●​ All the options are used for data storage, but they differ in capacity and speed.
●​ Floppy Disk: Low capacity, outdated.
●​ Hard Disk: High capacity, commonly used.
●​ Tape Storage: Used for backup in large organizations.

Related Term:

●​ SSD (Solid-State Drive): A faster and more durable alternative to hard disks.

48. When did John Napier develop logarithm?

✅​
a. 1416​
b. 1614
c. 1641​
d. 1804
Answer: (b) 1614​
Explanation:

●​ John Napier developed logarithms to simplify multiplication and division in mathematics.

Related Term:

●​ Slide Rule: An early computing tool based on logarithms.

49. A normal CD-ROM usually can store up to

a. 680 KB​

✅
b. 680 Bytes​
c. 680 MB ​
d. 680 GB

Answer: (c) 680 MB​

Explanation:

●​ A CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory) typically holds up to 700 MB of data.

Related Term:

●​ Blu-ray Disc: A high-capacity optical storage medium.

50. MIS is designed to provide information needed for effective

decision-making by

a. Consumers​
b. Workers​

✅
c. Foremen​
d. Managers

Answer: (d) Managers​

Explanation:

●​ MIS (Management Information System) helps businesses analyze data and make
informed decisions.

Related Term:
 ●​ ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning): Integrates business processes into a unified
system.

51. What is a light pen?

✅
a. Mechanical Input Device​
b. Optical Input Device ​
c. Electronic Input Device​
d. Optical Output Device

Answer: (b) Optical Input Device​

Explanation:

●​ A light pen detects light from a computer screen and is used for drawing and selecting
objects.

Related Term:

●​ Stylus: A pen-like tool used on touchscreens.

52. BCD stands for

a. Binary Coded Decimal ✅​

b. Bit Coded Decimal​
c. Binary Coded Digit​
d. Bit Coded Digit

Answer: (a) Binary Coded Decimal​

Explanation:

●​ BCD represents decimal numbers in binary format, commonly used in calculators and
digital clocks.

Related Term:

●​ ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): A character encoding

standard.

53. ASCII stands for

a. American Stable Code for International Interchange​

✅​
b. American Standard Case for Institutional Interchange​
c. American Standard Code for Information Interchange
d. American Standard Code for Interchange Information
Answer: (c) American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)​
Explanation:

●​ ASCII is a character encoding system that represents text in computers using 7-bit
binary numbers.
●​ Example: The ASCII code for the letter ‘A’ is 65 (Binary: 1000001).

Related Term:

●​ Unicode: A more advanced character encoding system that supports multiple

languages.

54. Which of the following is a first-generation computer?

a. EDSAC ✅ ​
b. IBM-1401​
c. CDC-1604​
d. ICL-2900

Answer: (a) EDSAC​

Explanation:

●​ EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) was one of the earliest
computers (1949) using vacuum tubes.

Related Term:

●​ First-Generation Computers: Used vacuum tubes, were large, slow, and expensive.

55. The chief component of first-generation computers was

✅​
a. Transistors​
b. Vacuum Tubes and Valves
c. Integrated Circuits​
d. None of the above

Answer: (b) Vacuum Tubes and Valves​

Explanation:

●​ First-generation computers relied on vacuum tubes for processing data, but they
generated a lot of heat and consumed a lot of power.
Related Term:

●​ Transistors: Replaced vacuum tubes in second-generation computers.

56. FORTRAN stands for

a. File Translation​

✅​
b. Format Translation​
c. Formula Translation
d. Floppy Translation

Answer: (c) Formula Translation​

Explanation:

●​ FORTRAN is a high-level programming language developed in 1957, mainly used in

scientific and engineering applications.

Related Term:

●​ COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language): Designed for business

applications.

57. EEPROM stands for

a. Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ✅​

b. Easily Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory​
c. Electronic Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory​
d. None of the above

Answer: (a) Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory​

Explanation:

●​ EEPROM is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and

reprogrammed, unlike ROM.

Related Term:

●​ Flash Memory: A type of EEPROM used in USB drives and SSDs.

58. Second-generation computers were developed during

 ✅​
a. 1949 to 1955​
b. 1956 to 1965
c. 1965 to 1970​
d. 1970 to 1990

Answer: (b) 1956 to 1965​

Explanation:

●​ Second-generation computers used transistors, making them faster, smaller, and more
efficient.

Related Term:

●​ IBM 1401: One of the most popular second-generation computers.

59. The computer size was very large in

a. First Generation ​ ✅
b. Second Generation​
c. Third Generation​
d. Fourth Generation

Answer: (a) First Generation​

Explanation:

●​ First-generation computers like ENIAC were huge, requiring entire rooms for operation.

Related Term:

●​ Mainframe Computers: Large computers used for enterprise applications.

60. Microprocessors as switching devices are used in

a. First Generation​
b. Second Generation​

✅
c. Third Generation​
d. Fourth Generation

Answer: (d) Fourth Generation​

Explanation:
 ●​ Fourth-generation computers (1971–Present) use microprocessors, which integrate
thousands of transistors into a single chip.

Related Term:

●​ Intel 4004: The first commercial microprocessor.

61. Which device is used to directly scan printed text?

a. OCR (Optical Character Recognition) ​ ✅

b. OMR (Optical Mark Recognition)​
c. MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)​
d. All of the above

Answer: (a) OCR (Optical Character Recognition)​

Explanation:

●​ OCR converts printed text into digital format, allowing it to be edited or searched.

Related Term:

●​ OMR: Used to read marked responses (e.g., multiple-choice exams).

62. The output quality of a printer is measured by

a. Dots per inch (DPI) ✅ ​

b. Dots per square inch​
c. Dots printed per unit time​
d. All of the above

Answer: (a) Dots per inch (DPI)​

Explanation:

●​ DPI measures print resolution—higher DPI values mean clearer images and text.

Related Term:

●​ Laser Printer: Offers high DPI and fast printing.

63. In an analog computer,

 ✅​
a. Input is first converted to digital form​
b. Input is never converted to digital form
c. Output is displayed in digital form​
d. All of the above

Answer: (b) Input is never converted to digital form​

Explanation:

●​ Analog computers process continuous data (e.g., voltage or temperature).

Related Term:

●​ Digital Computers: Process discrete binary data.

64. In modern computers, instructions are executed

a. Parallel only​

✅​
b. Sequentially only​
c. Both sequentially and parallel
d. All of the above

Answer: (c) Both sequentially and parallel​

Explanation:

●​ Modern CPUs use parallel processing to execute multiple instructions simultaneously.

Related Term:

●​ Multithreading: Allows multiple tasks to run concurrently.

65. Who designed the first electronic computer, ENIAC?

a. Von Neumann​

✅​
b. Joseph M. Jacquard​
c. J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly
d. All of the above

Answer: (c) J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly​

Explanation:

●​ ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was developed in 1946 at the
University of Pennsylvania.
Related Term:

●​ Stored Program Concept: Proposed by Von Neumann, allows programs to be stored

in memory.

66. Who invented the C programming language?

a. Dennis M. Ritchie ✅​
b. Niklaus Wirth​
c. Seymour Papert​
d. Donald Knuth

Answer: (a) Dennis M. Ritchie​

Explanation:

●​ C was developed at Bell Labs in the 1970s and is the foundation of modern
programming languages like C++, Java, and Python.

Related Term:

●​ UNIX: An operating system developed using the C language.

67. Personnel who design, program, operate, and maintain computer

equipment refers to

a. Console-operator​

✅
b. Programmer​
c. Peopleware ​
d. System Analyst

Answer: (c) Peopleware​

Explanation:

●​ Peopleware refers to the human aspect of computer systems, including developers, IT

professionals, and users.

Related Term:

●​ Hardware: Physical parts of a computer.

●​ Software: Programs and applications that run on computers.
68. When did arch-rivals IBM and Apple Computers Inc. decide to join
hands?

a. 1978​
b. 1984​

✅
c. 1990​
d. 1991

Answer: (d) 1991​

Explanation:

●​ In 1991, IBM and Apple collaborated to develop the PowerPC processor, a CPU used
in Apple’s Macintosh computers.

Related Term:

●​ Macintosh (Mac): Apple’s series of personal computers.

69. Human beings are referred to as Homo sapiens. Which device is called
Silico sapiens?

a. Monitor​
b. Hardware​

✅
c. Robot​
d. Computer

Answer: (d) Computer​

Explanation:

●​ Silico sapiens (Latin for "wise silicon") is a term used to describe computers, as they
process and analyze data like humans.

Related Term:

●​ Artificial Intelligence (AI): The ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require
human intelligence.

70. An error in software or hardware is called a bug. What is the alternative

term?
a. Leech​
b. Squid​

✅
c. Slug​
d. Glitch

Answer: (d) Glitch​

Explanation:

●​ A glitch is a temporary malfunction or minor issue in software or hardware.

Related Term:

●​ Debugging: The process of finding and fixing software bugs.

71. Modern computers are very reliable, but they are not

a. Fast​

✅​
b. Powerful​
c. Infallible
d. Cheap

Answer: (c) Infallible​

Explanation:

●​ Computers are reliable but can still encounter errors, crashes, or security
vulnerabilities.

Related Term:

●​ Redundancy: The use of backup systems to improve reliability.

72. What is the name of the display feature that highlights an area of the
screen requiring operator attention?

✅​
a. Pixel​
b. Reverse video
c. Touch screen​
d. Cursor

Answer: (b) Reverse video​

Explanation:
 ●​ Reverse video inverts screen colors to highlight important text or alerts.

Related Term:

●​ Graphical User Interface (GUI): Uses icons and visuals to interact with computers.

73. Personal computers use a number of chips mounted on a main circuit

board. What is the common name for this board?

✅
a. Daughterboard​
b. Motherboard ​
c. Fatherboard​
d. Breadboard

Answer: (b) Motherboard​

Explanation:

●​ The motherboard is the main circuit board that holds the CPU, RAM, and expansion
slots.

Related Term:

●​ Chipset: A set of integrated circuits that control data flow.

74. In most IBM PCs, the CPU, device drives, memory expansion slots, and
active components are mounted on a single board called the

a. Motherboard ✅ ​
b. Breadboard​
c. Daughterboard​
d. Grandmotherboard

Answer: (a) Motherboard​

Explanation:

●​ In IBM-compatible PCs, all core components are integrated into the motherboard.

Related Term:

●​ Expansion Slots: Allow additional hardware like graphics cards.

75. What is meant by a dedicated computer?

✅​
a. Used by one person only​
b. Assigned to one and only one task
c. Uses only one kind of software​
d. Meant for application software

Answer: (b) Assigned to one and only one task​

Explanation:

●​ Dedicated computers are designed for specific functions, such as ATMs or industrial
robots.

Related Term:

●​ Embedded System: A computer embedded in a larger device.

76. The system unit of a personal computer typically contains all of the
following EXCEPT

a. Microprocessor​
b. Disk controller​

✅
c. Serial interface​
d. Modem

Answer: (d) Modem​

Explanation:

●​ The modem is an external or separate internal component for internet connectivity.

Related Term:

●​ Network Interface Card (NIC): Connects a computer to a network.

77. A computer program that converts an entire program into machine

language is called a/an

a. Interpreter​

✅
b. Simulator​
c. Compiler ​
d. Commander
Answer: (c) Compiler​
Explanation:

●​ A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before execution.

Related Term:

●​ Interpreter: Converts and executes code line by line.

78. A computer program that translates one instruction at a time into

machine language is called a/an

a. Interpreter ✅​
b. CPU​
c. Compiler​
d. Simulator

Answer: (a) Interpreter​

Explanation:

●​ Interpreters execute code step-by-step, making debugging easier but execution slower.

Related Term:

●​ Python: A popular interpreted programming language.

79. A small or intelligent device is called so because it contains within it a

a. Computer ✅​
b. Microcomputer​
c. Programmable​
d. Sensor

Answer: (a) Computer​

Explanation:

●​ Small devices like smartphones, smartwatches, and IoT devices are considered
intelligent because they have built-in processors.

Related Term:

●​ IoT (Internet of Things): Smart devices connected to the internet.

80. A fault in a computer program that prevents it from working correctly is
known as a

✅
a. Boot​
b. Bug ​
c. Biff​
d. Strap

Answer: (b) Bug​

Explanation:

●​ A bug is an error in a program’s code that causes unexpected behavior.

Related Term:

●​ Patch: An update that fixes software bugs.

81. A self-replicating program, similar to a virus, is called a

a. Bug​
b. Vice​

✅
c. Lice​
d. Worm

Answer: (d) Worm​

Explanation:

●​ A worm spreads through networks without needing a host file, unlike a virus.

Related Term:

●​ Trojan Horse: A malicious program disguised as legitimate software.

82. A state is a bi-stable electronic circuit that has

✅
a. Multivibrator​
b. Flip-flop ​
c. Logic gates​
d. Latch

Answer: (b) Flip-flop​

Explanation:
 ●​ A flip-flop is a basic memory unit in digital circuits that can store one bit of data (0 or 1).

Related Term:

●​ Latch: A temporary data storage circuit used in digital electronics.

83. Unwanted repetitious messages, such as unsolicited bulk e-mail, are

known as

a. Spam ✅ ​
b. Trash​
c. Calibri​
d. Courier

Answer: (a) Spam​

Explanation:

●​ Spam refers to unwanted emails sent in bulk, often for advertising or phishing attacks.

Related Term:

●​ Phishing: A cyber attack that tricks users into revealing personal information.

84. DOS stands for

a. Disk Operating System ✅​

b. Disk Operating Session​
c. Digital Operating System​
d. Digital Open System

Answer: (a) Disk Operating System​

Explanation:

●​ DOS is an early command-line operating system used before Windows.

Related Term:

●​ CLI (Command-Line Interface): A text-based interface for executing commands.

85. Who is the chief of Microsoft?

 ✅
a. Charles Babbage​
b. Bill Gates ​
c. Bill Clinton​
d. None of these

Answer: (b) Bill Gates​

Explanation:

●​ Bill Gates co-founded Microsoft in 1975 and developed the Windows operating
system.

Related Term:

●​ Windows OS: One of the most popular operating systems worldwide.

86. Which of the following are input devices?

a. Keyboard​
b. Mouse​

✅
c. Card reader​
d. Any of these

Answer: (d) Any of these​

Explanation:

●​ Input devices allow users to enter data into a computer. Examples:

○​ Keyboard: For typing
○​ Mouse: For selecting
○​ Card Reader: Reads data from memory cards

Related Term:

●​ Output Device: A device that displays processed data (e.g., monitor, printer).

87. Examples of output devices are

a. Screen​
b. Printer​

✅
c. Speaker​
d. All of these
Answer: (d) All of these​
Explanation:

●​ Output devices show or present data:

○​ Screen (Monitor): Displays visual output
○​ Printer: Produces hard copies
○​ Speaker: Outputs sound

Related Term:

●​ Projector: Displays visuals on a larger screen.

88. Which of the following is also known as the brain of the computer?

✅
a. Control Unit​
b. Central Processing Unit (CPU) ​
c. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)​
d. Monitor

Answer: (b) Central Processing Unit (CPU)​

Explanation:

●​ The CPU processes instructions and performs calculations, just like a brain.

Related Term:

●​ Microprocessor: A small chip inside the CPU that performs computations.

89. IBM stands for

a. Internal Business Management​

✅
b. International Business Management​
c. International Business Machines ​
d. Internal Business Machines

Answer: (c) International Business Machines​

Explanation:

●​ IBM is a multinational technology company known for making computers and software.

Related Term:

●​ IBM PC: The first personal computer developed by IBM.

90. A program that translates and executes commands at run time line by
line is called a

✅​
a. Compiler​
b. Interpreter
c. Linker​
d. Loader

Answer: (b) Interpreter​

Explanation:

●​ An interpreter converts code into machine language one line at a time and executes it
immediately.

Related Term:

●​ Compiler: Converts the entire program before execution.

91. _______ is an Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principle.

a. Structured programming​

✅
b. Procedural programming​
c. Inheritance ​
d. Linking

Answer: (c) Inheritance​

Explanation:

●​ Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties from another class in OOP.

Related Term:

●​ Polymorphism: Allows one function to be used in different ways.

92. COBOL is widely used in applications related to

a. Commercial ✅​
b. Scientific​
c. Space​
d. Mathematics
Answer: (a) Commercial​
Explanation:

●​ COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) is designed for business and financial

applications.

Related Term:

●​ SQL: A language used for database management.

93. RAM stands for

a. Random Origin Money​

b. Random Only Memory​

✅
c. Read-Only Memory​
d. Random Access Memory

Answer: (d) Random Access Memory​

Explanation:

●​ RAM is temporary memory that stores data while a program is running.

Related Term:

●​ ROM (Read-Only Memory): A permanent storage memory.

94. 1 Byte = ?

a. 8 bits✅​
b. 4 bits​
c. 2 bits​
d. 9 bits

Answer: (a) 8 bits​

Explanation:

●​ A byte consists of 8 bits, which are the smallest units of data in a computer.

Related Term:

●​ Kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes

●​ Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB
95. SMPS stands for

a. Switched Mode Power Supply ✅​

b. Start Mode Power Supply​
c. Store Mode Power Supply​
d. Single Mode Power Supply

Answer: (a) Switched Mode Power Supply​

Explanation:

●​ SMPS converts high-voltage AC power to low-voltage DC power for computers.

Related Term:

●​ UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply): Provides backup power.

96. The device used to carry digital data on analog lines is called a

a. Modem ✅ ​
b. Multiplexer​
c. Modulator​
d. Demodulator

Answer: (a) Modem​

Explanation:

●​ A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) converts digital signals into analog and vice versa
for internet transmission.

Related Term:

●​ Router: Connects multiple devices to a network.

97. VDU is also called

a. Screen​

✅​
b. Monitor​
c. Both (a) & (b)
d. Printer

Answer: (c) Both (a) & (b)​

Explanation:
 ●​ VDU (Visual Display Unit) refers to output devices like monitors and screens that
display images and text.

Related Term:

●​ CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): An old type of monitor.

●​ LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): A modern, flat-panel display.

98. BIOS stands for

a. Basic Input Output System ✅​

b. Binary Input Output System​
c. Basic Input Off System​
d. All of the above

Answer: (a) Basic Input Output System​

Explanation:

●​ BIOS is firmware stored in ROM that initializes hardware when a computer starts.

Related Term:

●​ UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface): A modern replacement for BIOS.

99. Who is the father of the “C” programming language?

a. Dennis Ritchie✅ ​
b. Prof. John Keenly​
c. Thomas Kurtz​
d. Bill Gates

Answer: (a) Dennis Ritchie​

Explanation:

●​ Dennis Ritchie developed C at Bell Labs in the 1970s.

●​ C is widely used for system programming and influenced many languages like C++,
Java, and Python.

Related Term:

●​ UNIX: An operating system developed using C.

100. The instructions that tell a computer how to carry out the processing
tasks are referred to as

a. Programs ✅​
b. Processors​
c. Input devices​
d. Memory modules

Answer: (a) Programs​

Explanation:

●​ Programs (software) contain instructions that the computer executes to perform tasks.

Related Term:

●​ System Software: Includes operating systems and utility programs.

●​ Application Software: Programs designed for user tasks (e.g., MS Word).

101. An area of a computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be

processed is

✅​
a. CPU​
b. Memory
c. Storage​
d. File

Answer: (b) Memory​

Explanation:

●​ Memory (RAM) temporarily stores data and instructions for quick access by the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Cache Memory: A small, fast memory located close to the CPU.

102. _______ is the key to close a selected drop-down list, cancel a

command, and close a dialog box.

a. TAB​
b. SHIFT​
c. ESC ✅​
d. F10

Answer: (c) ESC​

Explanation:

●​ The Escape (ESC) key is used to exit menus, cancel commands, and close pop-up
windows.

Related Term:

●​ Shortcut Keys: Key combinations that perform tasks (e.g., Ctrl + C to copy).

103. _______ is the key used to run the selected command.

a. SHIFT​

✅​
b. TAB​
c. ENTER
d. CTRL

Answer: (c) ENTER​

Explanation:

●​ The Enter key is used to execute commands, submit forms, or start a new line in
text editors.

Related Term:

●​ CTRL Key: Used for shortcuts like Ctrl + V (paste).

104. Which function key is used to display the "Save As" dialog box?

a. F5​
b. F6​

✅
c. F9​
d. F12

Answer: (d) F12​

Explanation:

●​ The F12 key is a shortcut to open the "Save As" dialog box in many applications like
MS Word.
Related Term:

●​ F1 Key: Opens Help.

105. Data becomes _______ when it is presented in a format that people

can understand and use.

a. Processed​

✅
b. Graphs​
c. Information ​
d. Presentation

Answer: (c) Information​

Explanation:

●​ Raw data is processed into meaningful information that can be understood and used for
decision-making.

Related Term:

●​ Big Data: Large datasets analyzed for insights.

106. The term _______ designates equipment that might be added to a

computer system to enhance its functionality.

a. Digital device​
b. System add-on​

✅
c. Disk pack​
d. Peripheral device

Answer: (d) Peripheral device​

Explanation:

●​ Peripherals are external devices like printers, scanners, and webcams that improve a
computer’s functionality.

Related Term:

●​ Input Devices: Devices like keyboards and mice that enter data into the system.
107. A _______ is a microprocessor-based computing device.

a. Personal computer ✅​
b. Mainframe​
c. Workstation​
d. Server

Answer: (a) Personal computer​

Explanation:

●​ PCs are designed for individual use and contain microprocessors to process data.

Related Term:

●​ Supercomputer: A high-performance computer used for complex calculations.

108. RAM can be treated as the _______ for the computer's processor.

a. Factory​

✅
b. Operating room​
c. Waiting room ​
d. Planning room

Answer: (c) Waiting room​

Explanation:

●​ RAM (Random Access Memory) temporarily holds data and instructions before the
CPU processes them.

Related Term:

●​ Virtual Memory: Uses hard disk space as temporary RAM when RAM is full.

109. Which of the following is a function of an operating system?

a. Allocates resources​
b. Monitors activities​

✅
c. Manages disks and files​
d. All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above​

Explanation:
 ●​ The Operating System (OS) controls hardware, manages resources, and runs
applications.

Related Term:

●​ Kernel: The core part of an OS that manages system operations.

110. Transferring a file from one computer to another over a communication

channel is called

a. File transfer✅ ​
b. File encryption​
c. File modification​
d. File copying

Answer: (a) File transfer​

Explanation:

●​ File transfer moves files between devices using USB, FTP, or cloud storage.

Related Term:

●​ FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A protocol for transferring files over the Internet.

111. The primary function of the _______ is to set up the hardware and load
and start an operating system.

✅
a. System Programs​
b. BIOS ​
c. CPU​
d. Memory

Answer: (b) BIOS​

Explanation:

●​ BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is the firmware responsible for initializing hardware
components before handing control to the operating system (OS).

Related Term:

●​ POST (Power-On Self-Test): A diagnostic test performed by BIOS when the computer
starts.
112. What kind of memory is both static and non-volatile?

✅
a. RAM​
b. ROM ​
c. BIOS​
d. CACHE

Answer: (b) ROM​

Explanation:

●​ ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a non-volatile memory that stores firmware permanently

and does not lose data when the computer is turned off.

Related Term:

●​ EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM): A type of ROM that can be

rewritten electronically.

113. _______ is computer software designed to operate the computer

hardware and provide a platform for running application software.

✅
a. Application software​
b. System software ​
c. Software​
d. Operating system

Answer: (b) System software​

Explanation:

●​ System software includes the operating system and utility programs that help manage
hardware.

Related Term:

●​ Drivers: Software that allows the OS to communicate with hardware devices.

114. The _______ is the amount of data that a storage device can move
from the storage medium to the computer per second.

a. Data migration rate​

b. Data digitizing rate​
c. Data transfer rate ✅​
d. Data access rate

Answer: (c) Data transfer rate​

Explanation:

●​ The data transfer rate measures how fast a device can read or write data.

Related Term:

●​ SSD (Solid-State Drive): A storage device with faster data transfer rates than HDDs.

115. A device that is not connected to the CPU is called a/an _______.

a. Land-line device​

✅
b. On-line device​
c. Off-line device ​
d. Peripheral device

Answer: (c) Off-line device​

Explanation:

●​ An off-line device operates independently from the computer (e.g., a printer not
currently connected).

Related Term:

●​ On-line device: A device actively connected and communicating with the CPU.

116. What is another name for a programmed chip?

a. RAM​
b. ROM​

✅
c. LSIC​
d. PROM

Answer: (d) PROM​

Explanation:

●​ PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) is a memory chip that can be programmed

once and retains its data permanently.

Related Term:
 ●​ EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM): Can be erased and rewritten using UV light.

117. On-line real-time systems became popular in _______ generation.

a. First Generation​

✅
b. Second Generation​
c. Third Generation ​
d. Fourth Generation

Answer: (c) Third Generation​

Explanation:

●​ The third-generation computers (1965–1975) introduced real-time processing, allowing

users to interact with systems immediately.

Related Term:

●​ Batch Processing: Older systems processed tasks in batches without real-time

interaction.

118. You use a(n) _______, such as a keyboard or mouse, to input

information.

✅
a. Output device​
b. Input device ​
c. Storage device​
d. Processing device

Answer: (b) Input device​

Explanation:

●​ Input devices allow users to enter data into a computer.

Related Term:

●​ Scanner: A device that digitizes physical documents into a computer.

119. _______ is the ability of a device to "jump" directly to the requested

data.
 ✅
a. Sequential access​
b. Random access ​
c. Quick access​
d. All of the above

Answer: (b) Random access​

Explanation:

●​ Random access allows data to be retrieved instantly without reading in order (e.g., hard
drives and RAM).

Related Term:

●​ Sequential Access: Reads data in order (e.g., tape storage).

120. _______ provides process and memory management services that

allow two or more tasks, jobs, or programs to run simultaneously.

a. Multitasking ✅ ​
b. Multithreading​
c. Multiprocessing​
d. Multicomputing

Answer: (a) Multitasking​

Explanation:

●​ Multitasking allows multiple applications to run at the same time (e.g., using a browser
while listening to music).

Related Term:

●​ Multiprocessing: Uses multiple CPUs for faster performance.

121. The task of performing operations like arithmetic and logical

operations is called _______.

a. Processing ✅​
b. Storing​
c. Editing​
d. Sorting
Answer: (a) Processing​
Explanation:

●​ Processing refers to the execution of instructions to perform calculations or decisions.

Related Term:

●​ CPU (Central Processing Unit): The hardware component responsible for processing.

122. ALU and Control Unit are jointly known as

a. RAM​

✅
b. ROM​
c. CPU ​
d. PC

Answer: (c) CPU​

Explanation:

●​ The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU) together form the CPU (Central
Processing Unit), which performs calculations and controls data flow.

Related Term:

●​ Registers: Small storage locations inside the CPU for quick data access.

123. RAM is an example of

✅
a. Secondary memory​
b. Primary memory ​
c. Main memory​
d. Both (b) and (c)

Answer: (d) Both (b) and (c)​

Explanation:

●​ RAM (Random Access Memory) is primary memory that temporarily stores data.

Related Term:

●​ Secondary Memory: Includes storage devices like hard drives and USBs.
124. Magnetic disk is an example of

a. Secondary memory ✅​
b. Primary memory​
c. Main memory​
d. Both (b) and (c)

Answer: (a) Secondary memory​

Explanation:

●​ Magnetic disks (hard drives, floppy disks) store data permanently and are secondary
storage devices.

Related Term:

●​ Solid-State Drives (SSD): Faster and more reliable than magnetic disks.

125. Which one of the following is NOT a computer language?

a. MS-Excel ✅​
b. BASIC​
c. COBOL​
d. C++

Answer: (a) MS-Excel​

Explanation:

●​ MS-Excel is a spreadsheet software, not a programming language.

●​ BASIC, COBOL, and C++ are programming languages used for software development.

Related Term:

●​ Formula in Excel: Uses functions and cell references for calculations.

126. RAM is also called as

a. Read/Write Memory ✅​
b. Long Memory​
c. Permanent Memory​
d. Primary Memory

Answer: (a) Read/Write Memory​

Explanation:
 ●​ RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that allows both reading and
writing but loses data when power is off.

Related Term:

●​ ROM (Read-Only Memory): Stores permanent data and firmware.

127. _______ stores data temporarily and passes it on as directed by the

control unit.

✅​
a. Address​
b. Register
c. Number​
d. Memory

Answer: (b) Register​

Explanation:

●​ Registers are small storage units inside the CPU that temporarily hold data before
processing.

Related Term:

●​ Cache Memory: A faster storage between CPU and RAM.

128. Select the odd one out:

a. Operating system​
b. Interpreter​

✅
c. Compiler​
d. Assembler

Answer: (d) Assembler​

Explanation:

●​ Assembler translates assembly language into machine code, while OS, compiler,
and interpreter are system/software programs.

Related Term:

●​ Compiler: Converts high-level language into machine code.

129. A _______ is an additional set of commands that the computer
displays after you make a selection from the main menu.

✅
a. Dialog box​
b. Submenu ​
c. Menu selection​
d. All of the above

Answer: (b) Submenu​

Explanation:

●​ A submenu appears within a main menu and provides additional options.

Related Term:

●​ Context Menu: A right-click menu offering quick actions.

130. COBOL stands for

a. Common Business Oriented Language ​ ✅

b. Computer Business Oriented Language​
c. Common Business Operated Language​
d. Common Business Organized Language

Answer: (a) Common Business Oriented Language​

Explanation:

●​ COBOL is used for business and financial applications due to its strong
data-processing capabilities.

Related Term:

●​ SQL (Structured Query Language): Used for database management.

131. All of the following are examples of security and privacy risks EXCEPT

✅
a. Hackers​
b. Spam ​
c. Viruses​
d. Identity theft
Answer: (b) Spam​
Explanation:

●​ Spam refers to unwanted emails, but it is not a direct security risk like hacking, viruses,
or identity theft.

Related Term:

●​ Phishing: A scam to steal personal data through fake emails.

132. Which of the following is NOT one of the four major data processing
functions of a computer?

a. Gathering data​

✅​
b. Processing data into information​
c. Analyzing the data or information
d. Storing the data or information

Answer: (c) Analyzing the data or information​

Explanation:

●​ Data processing functions:

1.​ Input (Gathering data)
2.​ Processing (Converting data into information)
3.​ Storage (Saving data)
4.​ Output (Displaying results)

Related Term:

●​ Big Data Analytics: Focuses on analyzing data, not just processing it.

133. All of the following are examples of storage devices EXCEPT:

✅
a. Hard disk drives​
b. Printers ​
c. Floppy disk drives​
d. CD drives

Answer: (b) Printers​

Explanation:

●​ Storage devices: Hard disks, floppy disks, CDs, SSDs, USB drives.
 ●​ Printers are output devices, not storage devices.

Related Term:

●​ Cloud Storage: Storing data online instead of physical devices.

134. The CPU and memory are located on the

✅
a. Expansion board​
b. Motherboard ​
c. Storage device​
d. Output device

Answer: (b) Motherboard​

Explanation:

●​ The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects the CPU, RAM, and other
components.

Related Term:

●​ Chipset: A set of chips that control communication between components.

135. _______ is the science that attempts to produce machines that display
the same type of intelligence that humans do.

a. Nanoscience​
b. Nanotechnology​

✅
c. Simulation​
d. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Answer: (d) Artificial Intelligence (AI)​

Explanation:

●​ AI enables machines to simulate human intelligence (e.g., speech recognition,

self-driving cars).

Related Term:

●​ Machine Learning (ML): A branch of AI where computers learn from data.

136. Servers are computers that provide resources to other computers
connected to a:

a. Network ✅ ​
b. Mainframe​
c. Supercomputer​
d. Client

Answer: (a) Network​

Explanation:

●​ Servers manage data, files, websites, and applications for clients in a network.

Related Term:

●​ Cloud Server: A virtual server hosted on the internet.

137. When creating a computer program, the _______ designs the structure
of the program.

✅​
a. End user​
b. System Analyst
c. Programmer​
d. All of the above

Answer: (b) System Analyst​

Explanation:

●​ A System Analyst analyzes business requirements and designs the system

architecture.

Related Term:

●​ Software Engineer: Writes and tests the code based on the analyst’s design.

138. A computer program that converts an entire program into machine

language at one time is called a/an

a. Interpreter​
b. Simulator​
c. Compiler ✅​
d. Debugger

Answer: (c) Compiler​

Explanation:

●​ A compiler translates the entire code into machine language before execution, unlike an
interpreter, which processes code line by line.

Related Term:

●​ Java Virtual Machine (JVM): Executes Java’s compiled bytecode.

139. Computers process data into information by working exclusively with

a. Multimedia​
b. Words​

✅
c. Numbers​
d. Characters

Answer: (d) Characters​

Explanation:

●​ Computers process characters (text), numbers, and symbols by converting them into
binary code (0s and 1s).

Related Term:

●​ ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): Represents

characters using numbers.

140. The difference between people with access to computers and the
Internet and those without this access is known as the

a. Digital divide ✅ ​
b. Internet divide​
c. Web divide​
d. E-illiteracy

Answer: (a) Digital divide​

Explanation:

●​ The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals who have access to digital
technology and those who do not.
Related Term:

●​ ICT (Information and Communication Technology): Helps bridge the digital divide by
providing technology access.

141. Computers manipulate data in many ways, and this manipulation is

called

✅​
a. Upgrading​
b. Processing
c. Batching​
d. Utilizing

Answer: (b) Processing​

Explanation:

●​ Processing involves performing calculations, comparisons, and storing or modifying

data.

Related Term:

●​ CPU (Central Processing Unit): The main component that processes data.

142. The ability to recover and read deleted or damaged files from a
criminal's computer is an example of

a. Robotics​

✅​
b. Simulation​
c. Computer forensics
d. Animation

Answer: (c) Computer forensics​

Explanation:

●​ Computer forensics involves investigating and recovering digital evidence from

electronic devices.

Related Term:

●​ Cybersecurity: Protects digital systems from cyber threats.

143. Where does most data go first within a computer memory hierarchy?

a. RAM ✅​
b. ROM​
c. BIOS​
d. CACHE

Answer: (a) RAM​

Explanation:

●​ RAM (Random Access Memory) stores data temporarily while the computer is running.

Related Term:

●​ Cache Memory: A faster memory located near the CPU.

144. The _______ data mining technique derives rules from real-world case
examples.

a. Rule discovery​
b. Signal processing​

✅
c. Neural nets​
d. Case-based reasoning

Answer: (d) Case-based reasoning​

Explanation:

●​ Case-based reasoning involves using previous cases to make decisions in new

situations.

Related Term:

●​ Machine Learning: AI that learns from data patterns.

145. _______ are used to identify a user who returns to a Website.

a. Cookies ✅​
b. Plug-ins​
c. Scripts​
d. ASPs

Answer: (a) Cookies​

Explanation:
 ●​ Cookies are small files stored on a user’s device to remember preferences and login
details.

Related Term:

●​ Session Cookies: Temporary cookies that expire when the browser is closed.

146. Codes consisting of lines of varying widths or lengths that are

computer-readable are known as

a. An ASCII code​
b. A magnetic tape​

✅
c. An OCR scanner​
d. A bar code

Answer: (d) A bar code​

Explanation:

●​ Bar codes store product information and are scanned using barcode readers.

Related Term:

●​ QR Code: A two-dimensional barcode that stores more data.

147. Why is it unethical to share copyrighted files with your friends?

a. It is not unethical because it is legal.​

✅​
b. It is unethical because the files are being given for free.​
c. Sharing copyrighted files without permission breaks copyright laws.
d. It is not unethical because the files are being given for free.

Answer: (c) Sharing copyrighted files without permission breaks copyright laws.​
Explanation:

●​ Piracy refers to illegally copying and sharing software, movies, and music.

Related Term:

●​ Intellectual Property (IP): Protects creative works like software and books.
148. Reusable optical storage will typically have the acronym

a. CD​
b. DVD​

✅
c. ROM​
d. RW

Answer: (d) RW (Rewritable)​

Explanation:

●​ CD-RW and DVD-RW allow users to erase and rewrite data multiple times.

Related Term:

●​ CD-ROM (Read-Only Memory): Data can only be read, not erased.

149. The most common type of storage devices are

a. Steel​

✅​
b. Optical​
c. Magnetic
d. Flash

Answer: (c) Magnetic​

Explanation:

●​ Magnetic storage includes hard drives (HDDs), floppy disks, and magnetic tapes.

Related Term:

●​ Flash Storage: A faster, more durable alternative (e.g., SSDs, USB drives).

150. A device that connects to a network without the use of cables is said
to be

a. Distributed​
b. Free​

✅
c. Centralized​
d. Wireless

Answer: (d) Wireless​

Explanation:
 ●​ Wireless devices use Wi-Fi or Bluetooth to connect to networks without physical cables.

Related Term:

●​ Wi-Fi Router: A device that provides wireless internet access.

151. A person who uses his or her expertise to gain access to other
people's computers to get information illegally or do damage is a

a. Hacker ✅ ​
b. Spammer​
c. Instant messenger​
d. Programmer

Answer: (a) Hacker​

Explanation:

●​ Hackers gain unauthorized access to computer systems.

Related Term:

●​ Ethical Hacker: A security expert who finds vulnerabilities to improve security.

152. To access properties of an object, the mouse technique to use is

a. Dragging​

✅​
b. Dropping​
c. Right-clicking
d. Shift-clicking

Answer: (c) Right-clicking​

Explanation:

●​ Right-clicking opens a context menu that provides various options.

Related Term:

●​ Double-Click: Opens a file or application.

153. The process of a computer receiving information from a server on the

Internet is known as
 ✅​
a. Pulling​
b. Downloading
c. Pushing​
d. Uploading

Answer: (b) Downloading​

Explanation:

●​ Downloading refers to transferring files from a remote server to a local device over the
Internet.

Related Term:

●​ Uploading: The opposite process, where data is sent from a local device to a server.

154. Which process checks to ensure the components of the computer are
operating and connected properly?

a. Booting ✅ ​
b. Processing​
c. Saving​
d. Editing

Answer: (a) Booting​

Explanation:

●​ Booting is the startup process of a computer, where the system checks hardware
functionality and loads the operating system.

Related Term:

●​ POST (Power-On Self-Test): A diagnostic test run during boot-up.

155. What type of software controls the internal operations in a computer

and directs the processing of programs?

a. System software ✅
​
b. Utility programs​
c. Application software​
d. Compilers
Answer: (a) System software​
Explanation:

●​ System software includes the operating system (OS) and utilities that manage
computer hardware.

Related Term:

●​ Application Software: Programs like MS Office and web browsers used for tasks.

156. The term bit is short for

a. Megabyte​

✅
b. Binary language​
c. Binary digit ​
d. Binary number

Answer: (c) Binary digit​

Explanation:

●​ A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in computing, representing either 0 or 1.

Related Term:

●​ Byte: Consists of 8 bits and represents a single character.

157. Which of the following is an example of an optical disk?

a. Digital versatile disks (DVDs) ✅​

b. Magnetic disks​
c. Memory disks​
d. Data bus disks

Answer: (a) Digital versatile disks (DVDs)​

Explanation:

●​ Optical disks store data using laser technology and include CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray
discs.

Related Term:

●​ CD-ROM: Read-only memory that cannot be modified.

158. Which of the following is NOT a type of broadband Internet
connection?

a. Cable​

✅​
b. DSL​
c. Dial-up
d. Satellite

Answer: (c) Dial-up​

Explanation:

●​ Dial-up is an older, slower internet connection that uses telephone lines.

●​ Broadband includes Cable, DSL, Fiber, and Satellite connections.

Related Term:

●​ Fiber Optic Internet: The fastest broadband connection type.

159. A collection of related information sorted and dealt with as a unit is

called a

a. Disk​

✅
b. Data​
c. File ​
d. Floppy

Answer: (c) File​

Explanation:

●​ A file is a collection of data stored on a computer, such as text documents, images, or

videos.

Related Term:

●​ Folder (Directory): A container used to organize multiple files.

160. What is the name of the Windows utility program that locates and
eliminates unnecessary fragments and rearranges files and unused disk
space to optimize operations?
a. Backup​

✅​
b. Disk Cleanup​
c. Disk Defragmenter
d. Restore

Answer: (c) Disk Defragmenter​

Explanation:

●​ Disk Defragmentation organizes scattered file fragments on a hard drive to improve

performance.

Related Term:

●​ Disk Cleanup: Removes temporary and junk files to free up space.

161. The smallest unit of information a computer can understand and

process is known as a

✅
a. Bit ​
b. Byte​
c. Kilobyte​
d. Megabyte

Answer: (a) Bit​

Explanation:

●​ A bit (binary digit) is the fundamental unit of computing, representing 0 or 1.

Related Term:

●​ 1 Byte = 8 Bits

162. Which of the following is a small, lightweight personal computer that

incorporates screen, keyboard, storage, and processing components into a
single portable unit?

a. Notebook ​✅
b. Mainframe​
c. Server​
d. Supercomputer
Answer: (a) Notebook​
Explanation:

●​ Notebook (Laptop) computers are portable PCs used for business, education, and
entertainment.

Related Term:

●​ Ultrabook: A thinner, high-performance version of a laptop.

163. A saved document is referred to as a

✅
a. File ​
b. Folder​
c. Project​
d. Database

Answer: (a) File​

Explanation:

●​ A file is a stored document, image, video, or program on a computer.

Related Term:

●​ File Extension: Identifies the file type (e.g., .docx for Word documents).

164. A device that converts digital signals into analog signals and vice
versa is called a

✅
a. Router​
b. Modem ​
c. Repeater​
d. Switch

Answer: (b) Modem​

Explanation:

●​ A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) converts digital data to analog for transmission

over phone lines.

Related Term:
 ●​ Router: Connects multiple devices to the internet or a local network.

165. What is the full form of URL?

✅
a. Universal Resource Location​
b. Uniform Resource Locator ​
c. Universal Remote Login​
d. Uniform Remote Location

Answer: (b) Uniform Resource Locator​

Explanation:

●​ A URL is a web address that specifies the location of a webpage or file on the Internet.

Related Term:

●​ HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): The protocol used to access web pages.

166. Which of the following is NOT an input device?

✅
a. Scanner​
b. Monitor ​
c. Mouse​
d. Keyboard

Answer: (b) Monitor​

Explanation:

●​ A monitor is an output device that displays data, while scanners, keyboards, and
mice are input devices.

Related Term:

●​ Touchscreen: Functions as both an input and output device.

167. What type of device is a computer keyboard?

a. Output​

✅
b. Storage​
c. Input ​
d. Processing
Answer: (c) Input​
Explanation:

●​ A keyboard is an input device used to enter text, numbers, and commands into a
computer.

Related Term:

●​ Mechanical Keyboard: Uses physical switches for each key.

168. The main circuit board in a computer is called the

✅
a. Processor​
b. Motherboard ​
c. Power Supply Unit​
d. Hard Disk Drive

Answer: (b) Motherboard​

Explanation:

●​ The motherboard connects all computer components, including the CPU, RAM, and
storage devices.

Related Term:

●​ Chipset: A group of integrated circuits controlling communication between CPU and

memory.

169. The process of carrying out commands is called

✅​
a. Fetching​
b. Executing
c. Storing​
d. Decoding

Answer: (b) Executing​

Explanation:

●​ Executing refers to the actual performance of an instruction by the CPU after fetching
and decoding it.

Related Term:
 ●​ Instruction Cycle: The sequence of fetch, decode, execute, and store operations.

170. The primary purpose of software is to turn data into

a. Websites​

✅​
b. Programs​
c. Information
d. Objects

Answer: (c) Information​

Explanation:

●​ Software processes raw data into meaningful information.

Related Term:

●​ Database Management System (DBMS): Software used to store and retrieve

structured data.

171. The term used for a computer that hosts multiple virtual machines is

✅
a. Server​
b. Hypervisor ​
c. Workstation​
d. Cloud computer

Answer: (b) Hypervisor​

Explanation:

●​ A hypervisor manages virtual machines (VMs) on a single computer.

Related Term:

●​ VM (Virtual Machine): A software-based emulation of a physical computer.

172. What is the shortcut key for 'Paste' in Windows?

a. Ctrl + P​
b. Ctrl + X​
 ✅
c. Ctrl + C​
d. Ctrl + V

Answer: (d) Ctrl + V​

Explanation:

●​ Ctrl + V is the universal shortcut for pasting copied content.

Related Term:

●​ Ctrl + C: Copies selected content.

●​ Ctrl + X: Cuts selected content.

173. What type of memory is used to store firmware?

✅
a. RAM​
b. ROM ​
c. Cache​
d. Register

Answer: (b) ROM​

Explanation:

●​ ROM (Read-Only Memory) permanently stores firmware, such as BIOS.

Related Term:

●​ Flash Memory: A type of ROM that can be rewritten.

174. What does GUI stand for?

✅
a. Graphical Utility Interface​
b. Graphical User Interface ​
c. General User Interface​
d. Generated User Interaction

Answer: (b) Graphical User Interface​

Explanation:

●​ GUI allows users to interact with computers using icons, buttons, and menus instead
of text commands.

Related Term:
 ●​ CLI (Command-Line Interface): A text-based interface for running commands.

175. Which of the following is an example of system software?

a. Microsoft Word​

✅​
b. Google Chrome​
c. Windows Operating System
d. Adobe Photoshop

Answer: (c) Windows Operating System​

Explanation:

●​ System software manages hardware and basic system functions, while applications
like MS Word are designed for users.

Related Term:

●​ Linux: A popular open-source operating system.

176. What is the purpose of cache memory?

✅​
a. Long-term data storage​
b. Faster access to frequently used data
c. Storing the operating system​
d. Data backup

Answer: (b) Faster access to frequently used data​

Explanation:

●​ Cache memory speeds up processing by storing frequently accessed data closer to

the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ L1, L2, L3 Cache: Different levels of cache memory.

177. Which of the following is an example of a search engine?

a. Google ✅​
b. WhatsApp​
c. Facebook​
d. Outlook

Answer: (a) Google​

Explanation:

●​ Search engines help users find information on the web by indexing websites.

Related Term:

●​ Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo: Other search engines.

178. The default file extension for a Microsoft Word document is

✅​
a. .txt​
b. .docx
c. .pdf​
d. .xls

Answer: (b) .docx​

Explanation:

●​ Microsoft Word uses the .docx file extension for documents.

Related Term:

●​ .pdf (Portable Document Format): Used for sharing and printing documents.

179. Which protocol is used to send emails?

✅​
a. HTTP​
b. SMTP
c. FTP​
d. SNMP

Answer: (b) SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)​

Explanation:

●​ SMTP is the standard protocol for sending emails over the internet.

Related Term:

●​ POP3 & IMAP: Used for retrieving emails.

180. What is the term for malicious software designed to harm or exploit a
computer?

a. Malware✅ ​
b. Firewall​
c. Phishing​
d. Antivirus

Answer: (a) Malware​

Explanation:

●​ Malware includes viruses, worms, and ransomware that harm computers.

Related Term:

●​ Antivirus Software: Protects computers from malware.

181. What is the main function of an operating system?

a. Manage computer hardware and software resources ✅​

b. Play games​
c. Browse the internet​
d. Create documents

Answer: (a) Manage computer hardware and software resources​

Explanation:

●​ The Operating System (OS) acts as an interface between hardware and software,
managing resources like CPU, memory, and storage.

Related Term:

●​ Examples of OS: Windows, macOS, Linux.

182. What is the full form of HTTP?

a. Hypertext Transfer Protocol✅ ​

b. Hypertext Transmission Protocol​
c. High Transfer Text Protocol​
d. Hyperlink Transfer Protocol
Answer: (a) Hypertext Transfer Protocol​
Explanation:

●​ HTTP is a protocol used to transfer web pages over the internet.

Related Term:

●​ HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): A secure version of HTTP using

encryption.

183. Which of the following is NOT an example of an output device?

a. Printer​

✅​
b. Monitor​
c. Keyboard
d. Speaker

Answer: (c) Keyboard​

Explanation:

●​ Keyboards are input devices, while printers, monitors, and speakers are output
devices.

Related Term:

●​ Mouse, Scanner: Other examples of input devices.

184. What is the full form of USB?

a. Universal Serial Bus ✅​

b. United System Bus​
c. Unified Serial Bus​
d. Uniform System Bus

Answer: (a) Universal Serial Bus​

Explanation:

●​ USB is a standard interface for connecting devices like flash drives, keyboards, and
external hard drives.

Related Term:

●​ USB Types: USB-A, USB-B, USB-C.

185. Which key is used to refresh a webpage?

a. F1​

✅
b. F2​
c. F5 ​
d. F12

Answer: (c) F5​

Explanation:

●​ The F5 key is a shortcut for refreshing webpages and file explorer windows.

Related Term:

●​ Ctrl + R: Another shortcut for refreshing pages.

186. What is the full form of IP in networking?

a. Internet Protocol✅ ​
b. Internal Program​
c. Internet Processing​
d. Internal Protocol

Answer: (a) Internet Protocol​

Explanation:

●​ IP (Internet Protocol) assigns unique addresses to devices on a network for

communication.

Related Term:

●​ IPv4 & IPv6: Different versions of IP addressing.

187. Which file format is used for an image?

✅
a. .mp3​
b. .jpg ​
c. .exe​
d. .txt
Answer: (b) .jpg​
Explanation:

●​ JPG (or JPEG) is a compressed image format commonly used for photos.

Related Term:

●​ .PNG, .GIF, .BMP: Other image formats.

188. Which device is used to connect multiple computers in a network?

✅
a. Modem​
b. Router ​
c. Scanner​
d. Printer

Answer: (b) Router​

Explanation:

●​ A router directs network traffic and connects multiple devices to the internet.

Related Term:

●​ Switch: Connects computers in a local network (LAN).

189. What does VPN stand for?

a. Virtual Private Network ✅​

b. Verified Personal Network​
c. Virtual Public Network​
d. Verified Private Node

Answer: (a) Virtual Private Network​

Explanation:

●​ VPNs encrypt internet connections, providing secure access to private networks

remotely.

Related Term:

●​ Proxy Server: Another tool for online anonymity.

190. What is the function of a firewall in a computer network?

✅​
a. Increase internet speed​
b. Protect against unauthorized access
c. Detect viruses​
d. Manage Wi-Fi connections

Answer: (b) Protect against unauthorized access​

Explanation:

●​ A firewall is a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing
network traffic.

Related Term:

●​ Antivirus Software: Protects against malware, while firewalls protect against hackers.

191. Which shortcut key is used to undo the last action in Windows?

✅​
a. Ctrl + X​
b. Ctrl + Z
c. Ctrl + Y​
d. Ctrl + C

Answer: (b) Ctrl + Z​

Explanation:

●​ Ctrl + Z is a shortcut for undoing the last action in most applications.

Related Term:

●​ Ctrl + Y: Redo the last undone action.

192. Which part of the computer is responsible for arithmetic and logic
calculations?

✅
a. RAM​
b. ALU ​
c. Control Unit​
d. Motherboard
Answer: (b) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)​
Explanation:

●​ The ALU performs mathematical and logical operations within the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Control Unit (CU): Directs operations within the CPU.

193. What is the process of starting a computer called?

a. Booting ✅​
b. Formatting​
c. Installing​
d. Debugging

Answer: (a) Booting​

Explanation:

●​ Booting initializes the computer, loads the OS, and prepares the system for use.

Related Term:

●​ Warm Boot: Restarting a computer without turning off the power.

194. What is the default file extension for an Excel spreadsheet?

a. .docx​

✅
b. .pptx​
c. .xlsx ​
d. .pdf

Answer: (c) .xlsx​

Explanation:

●​ Microsoft Excel saves spreadsheets in the .xlsx format by default.

Related Term:

●​ .csv (Comma-Separated Values): A text-based spreadsheet format.

195. Which of the following is an example of cloud storage?

✅
a. Hard Disk Drive​
b. Google Drive ​
c. RAM​
d. Cache Memory

Answer: (b) Google Drive​

Explanation:

●​ Cloud storage stores data online, allowing users to access it from anywhere.

Related Term:

●​ Dropbox, OneDrive: Other examples of cloud storage services.

196. What type of software is an operating system?

✅
a. Application Software​
b. System Software ​
c. Utility Software​
d. Firmware

Answer: (b) System Software​

Explanation:

●​ System software includes the operating system (OS), which manages hardware and
software resources.

Related Term:

●​ Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux.

197. What is the full form of LAN?

a. Local Area Network ✅

​
b. Large Area Network​
c. Long Access Network​
d. Linked Area Network

Answer: (a) Local Area Network​

Explanation:

●​ A LAN connects computers within a limited area like an office, school, or home.
Related Term:

●​ WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers larger areas like cities or countries.

198. What is the purpose of an IP address?

✅​
a. To identify a website​
b. To identify a network device
c. To store data​
d. To provide internet speed

Answer: (b) To identify a network device​

Explanation:

●​ An IP address uniquely identifies devices on a network to enable communication.

Related Term:

●​ IPv4 & IPv6: Different IP address versions.

199. What does HTML stand for?

✅
a. Hypertext Transfer Machine Language​
b. Hypertext Markup Language ​
c. High Transfer Markup Language​
d. Hyperlink and Text Management Language

Answer: (b) Hypertext Markup Language​

Explanation:

●​ HTML is used to structure web pages with elements like headings, paragraphs, and
links.

Related Term:

●​ CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Used for web design and layout.

200. Which part of a computer performs the calculations?

 ✅​
a. Control Unit​
b. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
c. Hard Drive​
d. Monitor

Answer: (b) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)​

Explanation:

●​ The ALU handles mathematical and logical operations inside the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Control Unit (CU): Manages instructions within the CPU.

201. What is an example of primary storage?

✅​
a. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)​
b. Random Access Memory (RAM)
c. USB Flash Drive​
d. DVD

Answer: (b) Random Access Memory (RAM)​

Explanation:

●​ RAM is a temporary storage that stores data currently being processed by the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Secondary Storage: Hard drives, SSDs, and USB drives.

202. What is the function of a CPU?

✅​
a. Store data​
b. Process data
c. Transfer data​
d. Display data

Answer: (b) Process data​

Explanation:

●​ The CPU (Central Processing Unit) processes instructions and executes tasks.

Related Term:
 ●​ Microprocessor: A single-chip CPU used in modern computers.

203. What is the default extension for a PowerPoint file?

✅​
a. .xls​
b. .pptx
c. .docx​
d. .txt

Answer: (b) .pptx​

Explanation:

●​ Microsoft PowerPoint saves presentations in the .pptx format.

Related Term:

●​ .pdf: A format used for saving and sharing presentations.

204. Which device is used to point and select items on a screen?

✅
a. Keyboard​
b. Mouse ​
c. Printer​
d. Scanner

Answer: (b) Mouse​

Explanation:

●​ A mouse is an input device used for pointing, selecting, and interacting with graphical
interfaces.

Related Term:

●​ Trackpad: A touch-sensitive alternative to a mouse.

205. What is the full form of URL?

✅
a. Universal Resource Locator​
b. Uniform Resource Locator ​
c. Unified Remote Location​
d. Universal Remote Login

Answer: (b) Uniform Resource Locator​

Explanation:

●​ A URL is a web address used to locate resources on the internet.

Related Term:

●​ DNS (Domain Name System): Translates domain names into IP addresses.

206. Which key combination is used to lock a Windows computer?

✅
a. Ctrl + Alt + Del​
b. Windows + L ​
c. Ctrl + Shift + Esc​
d. Alt + F4

Answer: (b) Windows + L​

Explanation:

●​ Windows + L locks the screen, preventing unauthorized access.

Related Term:

●​ Ctrl + Alt + Del: Opens the Task Manager or security options.

207. What type of file is a .mp3 file?

✅
a. Video File​
b. Audio File ​
c. Document File​
d. Image File

Answer: (b) Audio File​

Explanation:

●​ MP3 is a compressed audio format used for storing music and sound recordings.

Related Term:

●​ .WAV: A high-quality, uncompressed audio format.

208. What does PDF stand for?

a. Portable Document Format ​✅

b. Professional Data File​
c. Printable Document File​
d. Permanent Document Format

Answer: (a) Portable Document Format​

Explanation:

●​ PDF is a universal document format that preserves the layout across different devices.

Related Term:

●​ Adobe Acrobat Reader: Software used to open PDF files.

209. What is cloud computing?

✅​
a. Storing data on local devices​
b. Using the internet to store and access data
c. A type of processor​
d. A physical data center

Answer: (b) Using the internet to store and access data​

Explanation:

●​ Cloud computing allows users to access applications and files from anywhere via the
internet.

Related Term:

●​ Examples: Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox.

210. What is the purpose of a spreadsheet program like Microsoft Excel?

a. Writing documents​

✅​
b. Creating slideshows​
c. Performing calculations and data analysis
d. Editing photos
Answer: (c) Performing calculations and data analysis​
Explanation:

●​ Spreadsheets organize data in rows and columns, allowing users to perform

calculations, sort data, and create charts.

Related Term:

●​ Excel Formula: Predefined functions like SUM, AVERAGE, and VLOOKUP.

211. What is the full form of Wi-Fi?

a. Wireless Fidelity✅ ​
b. Wide Frequency​
c. Wired Functionality​
d. Wireless Functionality

Answer: (a) Wireless Fidelity​

Explanation:

●​ Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that allows devices to connect to the

internet or local networks.

Related Term:

●​ Hotspot: A physical location where Wi-Fi is available.

212. What does CPU stand for?

a. Central Processing Unit ✅​

b. Computer Processing Utility​
c. Core Processing Unit​
d. Central Programming Unit

Answer: (a) Central Processing Unit​

Explanation:

●​ The CPU is the "brain" of the computer, responsible for processing instructions and
data.

Related Term:

●​ Dual-Core, Quad-Core: CPUs with multiple processing units.

213. Which type of memory is permanent and cannot be modified?

✅
a. RAM​
b. ROM ​
c. Cache​
d. Register

Answer: (b) ROM (Read-Only Memory)​

Explanation:

●​ ROM stores firmware and system instructions that do not change, even when the
computer is turned off.

Related Term:

●​ EEPROM: A type of ROM that can be erased and rewritten electronically.

214. What is the default file extension for a Microsoft Word document?

a. .docx ✅​
b. .pptx​
c. .xlsx​
d. .txt

Answer: (a) .docx​

Explanation:

●​ Microsoft Word saves documents in the .docx format by default.

Related Term:

●​ .rtf (Rich Text Format): A document format compatible with many word processors.

215. Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?

a. RAM​

✅​
b. Cache Memory​
c. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
d. Register

Answer: (c) Hard Disk Drive (HDD)​

Explanation:
 ●​ Secondary storage is used for long-term data storage, such as hard drives, SSDs, and
USB drives.

Related Term:

●​ Primary Storage: Includes RAM and Cache Memory, which store temporary data.

216. What does DNS stand for?

✅
a. Digital Network Service​
b. Domain Name System ​
c. Direct Network System​
d. Dynamic Name Service

Answer: (b) Domain Name System​

Explanation:

●​ DNS converts website names (like google.com) into IP addresses that computers
use to communicate.

Related Term:

●​ IP Address: A unique numerical label assigned to each device on a network.

217. What is an example of an input device?

a. Monitor​

✅​
b. Speaker​
c. Scanner
d. Projector

Answer: (c) Scanner​

Explanation:

●​ Scanners convert physical documents into digital formats, making them input
devices.

Related Term:

●​ OCR (Optical Character Recognition): Technology that converts scanned text into
editable text.
218. Which of the following is NOT a web browser?

a. Google Chrome​
b. Mozilla Firefox​

✅
c. Microsoft Edge​
d. Microsoft Office

Answer: (d) Microsoft Office​

Explanation:

●​ Microsoft Office is a productivity software suite, while Chrome, Firefox, and Edge
are web browsers.

Related Term:

●​ Safari: The default web browser for Apple devices.

219. What is the function of a spreadsheet program?

✅​
a. Writing documents​
b. Storing and analyzing data in tables
c. Browsing the internet​
d. Editing images

Answer: (b) Storing and analyzing data in tables​

Explanation:

●​ Spreadsheets are used for data organization, calculations, and graphing (e.g.,
Microsoft Excel).

Related Term:

●​ Formula: A mathematical expression used in spreadsheets (e.g., =SUM(A1:A5)).

220. Which of the following is NOT a programming language?

a. Python​

✅
b. Java​
c. HTML ​
d. C++
Answer: (c) HTML​
Explanation:

●​ HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is used to structure web pages, not for
programming.

Related Term:

●​ JavaScript: A programming language used to make web pages interactive.

221. What is the purpose of an antivirus program?

✅​
a. To increase computer speed​
b. To protect against malware and viruses
c. To install new software​
d. To update the operating system

Answer: (b) To protect against malware and viruses​

Explanation:

●​ Antivirus software scans and removes malicious programs from a computer.

Related Term:

●​ Firewall: A security system that blocks unauthorized access.

222. What does RAM stand for?

✅
a. Read-Only Memory​
b. Random Access Memory ​
c. Rapid Access Module​
d. Real-Time Access Memory

Answer: (b) Random Access Memory​

Explanation:

●​ RAM is a temporary storage that holds data being actively used by the CPU.

Related Term:

●​ Volatile Memory: RAM loses data when the computer is turned off.
223. Which type of network covers a large geographical area?

✅​
a. LAN​
b. WAN
c. PAN​
d. VPN

Answer: (b) WAN (Wide Area Network)​

Explanation:

●​ WANs connect computers across cities, countries, or even the globe.

Related Term:

●​ LAN (Local Area Network): A smaller network in a single location.

224. What is the function of a modem?

a. To convert digital signals into analog and vice versa ✅​

b. To store data​
c. To increase internet speed​
d. To print documents

Answer: (a) To convert digital signals into analog and vice versa​
Explanation:

●​ Modems allow digital devices to communicate over analog telephone lines.

Related Term:

●​ Router: Directs network traffic and connects multiple devices.

225. Which of the following is an example of an output device?

a. Keyboard​

✅
b. Mouse​
c. Monitor ​
d. Scanner

Answer: (c) Monitor​

Explanation:

●​ A monitor displays information visually, making it an output device.

Related Term:

●​ LCD & LED: Types of modern monitors.

226. Which key combination is used to copy selected text in Windows?

✅​
a. Ctrl + X​
b. Ctrl + C
c. Ctrl + V​
d. Ctrl + P

Answer: (b) Ctrl + C​

Explanation:

●​ Ctrl + C copies selected text or files to the clipboard.

Related Term:

●​ Ctrl + X: Cuts selected content.

227. What is the full form of SSD?

a. Solid State Drive ✅​

b. Smart Storage Disk​
c. Secure System Device​
d. System Storage Device

Answer: (a) Solid State Drive​

Explanation:

●​ SSDs store data electronically without moving parts, making them faster and more
reliable than HDDs.

Related Term:

●​ HDD (Hard Disk Drive): Uses spinning disks to store data.

228. What does HTTPS stand for?

 ✅
a. Hyperlink Transfer Protocol Secure​
b. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure ​
c. High-Tech Transfer Protocol Secure​
d. Hypertext Transmission Protocol System

Answer: (b) Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure​

Explanation:

●​ HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts web traffic using SSL/TLS.

Related Term:

●​ SSL (Secure Sockets Layer): A security protocol for encrypting data.

229. What is the main function of an operating system?

✅​
a. Playing music​
b. Managing hardware and software
c. Editing images​
d. Running a web browser

Answer: (b) Managing hardware and software​

Explanation:

●​ The OS manages computer resources and provides a user interface.

Related Term:

●​ Kernel: The core part of an OS that handles basic operations.

230. Which of the following is an example of an email service provider?

✅
a. Google Drive​
b. Gmail ​
c. YouTube​
d. WhatsApp

Answer: (b) Gmail​

Explanation:

●​ Gmail is a popular email service provided by Google.

Related Term:
 ●​ Outlook, Yahoo Mail: Other email service providers.

231. What does AI stand for in computing?

a. Automatic Integration​

✅
b. Advanced Interface​
c. Artificial Intelligence ​
d. Automated Internet

Answer: (c) Artificial Intelligence​

Explanation:

●​ AI enables machines to simulate human intelligence, including learning and

decision-making.

Related Term:

●​ Machine Learning: A subset of AI that enables computers to learn from data.

232. What is the primary purpose of a firewall?

✅​
a. To increase processing speed​
b. To protect a network from cyber threats
c. To enhance graphics performance​
d. To store backup files

Answer: (b) To protect a network from cyber threats​

Explanation:

●​ A firewall monitors and blocks unauthorized network access.

Related Term:

●​ Antivirus Software: Protects against malware, while firewalls protect against hackers.

233. What type of software is Microsoft Excel?

✅​
a. Operating System​
b. Spreadsheet Software
c. Graphics Software​
d. Web Browser

Answer: (b) Spreadsheet Software​

Explanation:

●​ Excel is used for data organization, calculations, and charting.

Related Term:

●​ Google Sheets: A cloud-based alternative to Excel.

234. Which protocol is used for transferring files over the internet?

a. FTP ✅ ​
b. SMTP​
c. HTTP​
d. POP3

Answer: (a) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)​

Explanation:

●​ FTP allows users to upload and download files from remote servers.

Related Term:

●​ SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol): A secure version of FTP.

235. What is the primary function of a database management system

(DBMS)?

✅​
a. Creating animations​
b. Managing and organizing data
c. Browsing websites​
d. Editing photos

Answer: (b) Managing and organizing data​

Explanation:

●​ A DBMS stores, retrieves, and manages data efficiently.

Related Term:
●​ SQL (Structured Query Language): A language used to interact with databases.