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Floatation Jkchrome Com

The document discusses the principles of floatation, including buoyant force, Archimedes' principle, and conditions for a body to float. It explains the concepts of density, relative density, and the importance of the meta center for stable equilibrium in floating bodies. Additionally, it mentions practical applications of measuring density, such as using a hydrometer and lactometer.

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debrajdebnath02011974
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22 views2 pages

Floatation Jkchrome Com

The document discusses the principles of floatation, including buoyant force, Archimedes' principle, and conditions for a body to float. It explains the concepts of density, relative density, and the importance of the meta center for stable equilibrium in floating bodies. Additionally, it mentions practical applications of measuring density, such as using a hydrometer and lactometer.

Uploaded by

debrajdebnath02011974
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Floatation

Buoyant Force : When a body is immersed party or wholly in a liquid, a force


acts on the body by the liquid in the upward direction. This force is called
Buoyant force or force of buoyancy or up thrust. It is equal to the weight of liquid
displaced by the body and acts at the centre of gravity of displaced liquid. Its
study was first made by Archimedes.

Archimedes Principle : When a body is immersed partly or wholly in a liquid,


there is an apparent loss in the weight of the body which is equal to the weight of
liquid displaced by the body.

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Law of Floatation

A body floats in a liquid if

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(i) density of material of body is less than or equal to the density of liquid.

(ii) If density of material of body is equal to density of liquid, the body floats fully
submerged in liquid in neutral equilibrium.

(iii) When body floats in neutral equilibrium, the weight of the body is equal to the
weight of displaced liquid.
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(iv)The centre of gravity of the body and centre of gravity of the displaced liquid
should be in one vertical line.

Centre of Buoyancy : The centre of gravity of the liquid displaced by a body is


called centre of buoyancy.
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Meta Centre : When a floating body is slightly tilted from equilibrium position, the
centre of buoyancy shifts. The point at which the vertical line passing through the
new position of centre of buoyancy meets with the initial line is called meta
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centre.
Conditions for stable equilibrium of Floating body

(i) The meta centre must always be higher than the centre gravity of the body.

(ii) The line joining the centre of gravity of the body and centre of flotation should
be vertical.

Density : Density is defined as mass per unit volume.


Density = mass/volume. Its SI unit is kg/m3.
Relative density = density of material / density of water at 4°C

Since relative density is a ratio, it is unitless.

1. Relative density is measured by Hydrometer.


2. The density of sea water is more than that of normal water. This explains why
it is easier to swim in sea water.
3. When ice floats in water, it’s the part remain outside the water.
4. If ice floating in water in a vessel melts, the level of water in the vessel does
not change.

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5. Purity of milk is measured by lactometer.

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