3D Geometry-Test

Questions

1. The coordinates of a point, which divides the line segment joining the points (2 , 3, 1) and (5 , 0, 4) in the ratio

1 : 2 internally, are _____.

7 5
(a) ( , 1, )
3 3

(b) (4 , 1, 3)

(c) (3 , 2, 2)

(d) (1 , −1 , 1)

2. The DCs of a pair of lines satisfy the equations l + m + n = 0 and l

2
+ m
2
− n
2
= 0 . The acute angle between

these lines is _____.

(a) 15
∘

(b) 30
∘

(c) 45
∘

(d) 60
∘

3. If a line makes angles of 60

∘
each with the X and the Y axes, then it makes an acute angle of _____ with the Z

axis.

(a) 30
∘

(b) 45
∘

(c) 60
∘
(d) none of these
x − 1 y − 2 z − 3
4. Which of the following planes passes through the intersection of the lines = = and
3 1 2
x − 3 y − 1 z − 2
= = ?
1 2 3

(a) 7x + 2y + 4z = 55

(b) 3x + 4y + 5z = 50

(c) 4x + 3y + 5z = 50

(d) 5x + 4y + 3z = 57

1 − x
5. The reflection of the point (0 , 3, −2) in the line = 2 − y = z + 1 is _____.
2

(a) (1 , 2, −1)

(b) (2 , 1, 4)

(c) (2 , 1, 0)

(d) (0 , 0, 1)

6. A vector equation of the line 6x − 2 = 3y + 1 = 2z − 2 is _____.

(a) ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r̄ = i − j + 3k + λ ( i + 2 j + 3k) , λ ∈ R

1 1
(b) ^ ^ ^
r̄ = i + 2 j + 3k + λ (
^
i −
^ ^
j + k) , λ ∈ R
3 3

1 1
(c) r̄ =
^
i −
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
j + k + λ ( i + 2 j + 3k) , λ ∈ R
3 3

(d) ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r̄ = −2 i + j − 2k + λ (6 i + 3 j + 2k) , λ ∈ R

∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧

7. Let a, b and c be distinct positive numbers. If the vectors a i + a j + ck, i + k and c i + c j + bk are co-planar,

then c is equal to:

(a) √ab
 a + b
(b)
2
1 1
(c) +
a b
2
(d)
1 1
+
a b

→ → → → → → →
8. Let ˆ ˆ ˆ
a = 2 i − 3 j + 4k and b
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 7 i + j − 6k . If r × a = r × b ,
ˆ ˆ ˆ
r ⋅ ( i + 2 j + k) = −3, then
→
r
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⋅ (2 i − 3 j + k) is equal to :

(a) 12

(b) 13

(c) 10

(d) 8

→
9. If vectors a 1
^ ^ ^
= xi − j + k →
and a 2
^ ^ ^
= i + y j + zk are collinear, then a possible unit vector parallel to the vector
^ ^ ^
x i + y j + zk is
1
(a) (^
i + ^ ^
j − k)
√3

1
(b) ^ ^
( i − j)
√2

1
(c) ^ ^ ^
( i − j + k)
√3

1
(d) ^ ^
(− j + k)
√2

→
10. If a and b
→ are perpendicular, then a
→ × (a
→ × (a → × →b))) is equal to
→ × (a

(a) →0

→ →
1 4
(b) |a | b
2
(c) →
a × b
→

(d) → → 4
|a | b

x − 2 y − 3 z − 4
11. The sum of the squares of the values of k, for which the lines = = and
1 1 −k
x − 1 y − 4 z − 5
= = are coplanar, is _____.
k 2 1
x − 1 y − 2 z − 3
12. If the foot of the perpendicular from the origin to the line = = is (α , β, γ) , then
2 3 1

14 (|α| + |β| + |γ|) = _____.

x − 1 y − 2 z + λ x + 1 y − 1 z − 3
13. If the lines = = and = = are coplanar, then λ = _____.
1 2 3 2 3 1

→
14. Let a ^ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^
= 6 i + 9 j + 12k, b = α i + 11 j − 2k and c→ be vectors such that a
→ × c→ →
= a × b →. If

→ → ^
→
^ ^
a ⋅ c = −12, c ⋅ ( i − 2 j + k) = 5 , then c→ ⋅ (^i + ^
j + k) is equal to ____.
^

. If → → → and ∣∣→b ∣∣ →
2

→
15. Let a ^ ^ ^
= 3i + j − k and c→ ^ ^ ^
= 2 i − 3 j + 3k →
b is a vector such that a = b × c = 50 , then ∣ ∣ → is
∣∣
∣72 − ∣ b + c ∣∣

equal to ____.
 Answer Key

1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. C
7. A 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. 9.00 12. 44.00
13. 6.00 14. 11.00 15. 66.00
 Solutions

2 × 2 + 5 × 1 2 × 3 + 0 × 1 2 × 1 + 4 × 1
1. (C) ( , , ) ≡ (3 , 2, 2)
2 + 1 2 + 1 2 + 1

2. (D) Given l + m + n = 0 and l

2
+ m
2
− n
2
= 0 .

We know that l
2
+ m
2
+ n
2
= 1 .
1
So, 2n
2
= 1 ⇒ n = ± .
√2

Also, .
2 2 2 2 2
l + m = n ⇒ (l + m) − 2lm = n ⇒ lm = 0

1 1 1 1
So, we have the two cases l = 0, m = , n = − or l = , m = 0, n = − .
√2 √2 √2 √2

∣ 1 1 1 1 ∣
(0) ( ) + ( ) (0) + (− ) (− )
∣ √2 √2 √2 √2 ∣ 1
− 1 − 1 ∘
θ = cos = cos = 60
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2 1
√(0) + ( ) + (− ) √( ) + (0) + (− )
√2 √2 √2 √2

2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2
cos 60 + cos 60 + cos α = 1

1 1 1
2
⇒ cos α = 1 − − =
4 4 2
3. (B) 1
⇒ cos α = ±
√2
∘ ∘
⇒ α = 45 , 135

x − 1 y − 2 z − 3
4. (C) Any point on = = is of the form (3r + 1, r + 2, 2r + 3) .
3 1 2
x − 3 y − 1 z − 2 3r + 1 − 3 r + 2 − 1 2r + 3 − 2
It lies on = = , so = = ⇒ r = 1 .
1 2 3 1 2 3

So, the point of intersection the given lines is (4, 3, 5) .

This lies on the planes given in (c).

 1 − x x − 1 y − 2 z + 1
5. (C) The given line is = 2 − y = z + 1 or = = .
2 2 1 −1

Let Q (α , β, γ) be the required point of reflection of the given point P (0 , 3, −2) .

PQ is perpendicular to the given line.

So, 2 (α − 0) + (β − 3) − (γ + 2) = 0 ⇒ 2α + β − γ − 5 = 0 … (1)

Midpoint of PQ lies on the given line.

α β+3 γ−2
( − 1) ( − 2) ( + 1)
2 2 2 α − 2 β − 1 γ
So, = = ⇒ = = = r … (2)
2 1 −1 2 1 −1

From (1) and (2), we get 2 (2r + 2) + r + 1 + r − 5 = 0 ⇒ r = 0 .

So, the required image is (2 , 1, 0) .

1 1
x − y + z − 1
3 3
6. (C) Given line is 6x − 2 = 3y + 1 = 2z − 2 or = = .
1 2 3
1 1
So the line passes through the point ( , − , 1) and is parallel to ^ ^ ^
i + 2 j + 3k .
3 3

1 1
So, its equation will be r̄ =
^
i −
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
j + k + λ ( i + 2 j + 3k) , λ ∈ R .
3 3
∣a a c ∣
∣ ∣
7. (A) Hence 1 0 1 = 0
∣ ∣
∣ c c b ∣

2
⇒ c = ab ⇒ c = √ab

→ → → → →
8. (A) r × a − r × b = 0

→ → → →
r × ( a − b ) = 0

→ → →
⇒ r = λ( a − b )

→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ r = λ (−5 i − 4 j + 10k)
→ →
r ⋅ c = −3 ⇒ λ (−5 − 8 + 10) = −3

⇒ λ = 1

→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
∴ r = −5 i − 4 j + 10k

9. (C) Vectors ˆ ˆ ˆ
xi − j + k and ˆ ˆ ˆ
i + y j + zk are collinear.
1 y z
⇒ = =
x −1 1
1
⇒ y = −z, x =
z
1
So, ˆ ˆ ˆ
x i + y j + zk =
ˆ ˆ ˆ
i − z j + zk
z

Put z = 1, we get ˆ ˆ ˆ
i − j + k

1
A unit vector parallel to above vector is ˆ ˆ ˆ
( i − j + k)
√3

→ → → → →
2→
∣→ ∣
10. (D) a × ( a × (( a . b ) a − a
∣ ∣
b ))

→
2 →
∣→ ∣ →
= a × (− a ( a × b ))
∣ ∣

2 → 2→ 4→ 2 →
∣→ ∣ → → ∣→ ∣ ∣→ ∣ ∣→ ∣ → →
= − a (( a . b ) a − a b ) = a b − a ( a . b ) a
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

4→
∣→ ∣
= a b
∣ ∣

→ →
(∵ a . b = 0)
11. (9.00) For coplanarity, we have the following.
∣2 − 1 3 − 4 4 − 5∣
∣ ∣
1 1 −k = 0
∣ ∣
∣ k 2 1 ∣

∣1 −1 −1 ∣
∣ ∣
⇒ 1 1 −k = 0
∣ ∣
∣k 2 1 ∣

∣1 0 0 ∣
∣ ∣
⇒ 1 2 1 − k = 0
∣ ∣
∣k k + 2 k + 1∣

⇒ 2 (k + 1) − (1 − k) (k + 2) = 0

⇒ k = 0, −3

So, sum of squares of values of k is 9.

x − 1 y − 2 z − 3
12. (44.00) Given line is = =
2 3 1

Let foot of perpendicular from origin to given line is (2λ + 1 , 3λ + 2 , λ + 3) .

So, DRs of line through origin passing through this point are 2λ + 1 , 3λ + 2 , λ + 3 .

Since this line is perpendicular to the given line, we have the following.
11
(2) (2λ + 1) + (3) (3λ + 2) + (1) (λ + 3) = 0 ⇒ λ = −
14
11 11 11 4 5 31
So, the foot of the perpendicular is (2 (− ) + 1, 3 (− ) + 2, (− ) + 3) or (− , − , ) .
14 14 14 7 14 14

4 5 31
Thus, 14 (|α| + |β| + |γ|) = 14 ( + + ) = 8 + 5 + 31 = 44 .
7 14 14

∣1 + 1 2 − 1 −λ − 3 ∣
∣ ∣
13. (6.00) 1 2 3 = 0 ⇒ λ = 6
∣ ∣
∣ 2 3 1 ∣
14. (11.00) → → →
a × (c − b) = 0 ⇒ a||c − b
→ → → →

→ →
c = b + λa →
→ → → →
a. c = a. b + λ|a| → 2
= −12

6α + 261λ = −87

→ ^ ^ ^
c . ( i − 2 j + k) = 5

→ → ^ ^ ^
( b + λa) . ( i − 2 j + k) = 5

⇒ α = 29, λ = −1

15. (66.00) →
|a| = √11, →
|c | = √22

→ → → → →
|a| = ∣ b × c ∣ = ∣ b ∣ |c | sin θ
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

√11 = √50√22 sin θ

1
⇒ sin θ =
10

→
∣ ∣
∣b + c ∣
→
2
∣ ∣
= ∣b∣
→ 2

+ |c | → 2
→ →
+ 2 b. c

= ∣b∣
∣ ∣
→ 2

→
+ |c |
2
→ →
+ 2 ∣ b ∣ |c | cos θ
∣ ∣

√99
= 50 + 22 + 2 × √50 × √22 ×
10

= 72 + 66

∣ →
72 − ∣ b + c ∣
∣
∣
∣ ∣
= 66→
2