Kafr el-sheikh university
Faculty of engineering
Mechanical Engineering Dept.
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Sheet No: 1 (Entropy)
1). Is it possible to create entropy? Is it possible to destroy it? (7-10 C)
2) The entropy of a hot baked potato decreases as it cools. Is this a violation of the increase of entropy
principle? Explain (7-9 C)
3) A piston–cylinder device contains superheated steam. During an actual adiabatic process, the
entropy of the steam will (never, sometimes, always) increase (7-15 C)
4) The entropy of steam will (increase, decrease, remain the same) as it flows through an actual
adiabatic turbine. (7-16 C)
5) During a heat transfer process, the entropy of a system (always, sometimes, never)
increases (7-19 C)
6) A rigid tank contains an ideal gas at 40°C that is being stirred by a paddle wheel. The paddle
wheel does 200 kJ of work on the ideal gas. It is observed that the temperature of the ideal gas
remains constant during this process as a result of heat transfer between the system and the
surroundings at 30°C. Determine the entropy change of the ideal gas. (7-23 C)
7) A completely reversible heat pump produces heat at a rate of 100 kW to warm a house
maintained at 21ºC. The exterior air, which is at 10ºC, serves as the source. Calculate the rate
of entropy change of the two reservoirs and determine if this heat pump satisfies the second
law according to the increase of entropy principle (7-29)
8) Water vapor enters a compressor at 35 kPa and 160ºC and leaves at 300 kPa with the same
specific entropy as at the inlet. What is the temperature and the specific enthalpy of water at
the compressor exit? (7-37)
9) An insulated piston–cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure
of 150 kPa. An electric resistance heater inside the cylinder is now turned on, and 2200 kJ of
energy is transferred to the steam. Determine the entropy change of the water during this
process. (7-43)
10) A heavily insulated piston–cylinder device contains 0.05 m3 of steam at 300 kPa and 150°C.
Steam is now compressed in a reversible manner to a pressure of 1 MPa. Determine the work
done on the steam during this process (7-47)
11) Calculate the heat transfer, in kJ/kg, for the reversible steady-flow process 1-3 shown on
a T-s diagram in Fig shown. (7-55)
12) A 25-kg iron block initially at 350°C is quenched in an insulated tank that contains 100 kg of
water at 18°C. Assuming the water that vaporizes during the process condenses back in the
tank, determine the total entropy change during this process. (7-69)
13) A 20-kg aluminum block initially at 200°C is brought into contact with a 20-kg block of iron
at 100°C in an insulated enclosure. Determine the final equilibrium temperature and the total
entropy change for this process. (7-70)
14) An insulated piston–cylinder device initially contains 300 L of air at 120 kPa and 17°C. Air is
now heated for 15 min by a 200-W resistance heater placed inside the cylinder. The pressure
of air is maintained constant during this process. Determine the entropy change of air,
assuming constant specific heats (7-88)
15) A piston–cylinder device contains 1.2 kg of nitrogen gas at 120 kPa and 27°C. The gas is now
compressed slowly in a polytropic process during which PV1.3 =constant. The process ends
when the volume is reduced by one-half. Determine the entropy change of nitrogen during this
process. (7.89)
16) Air is compressed in a piston–cylinder device from 100 kPa and 17°C to 800 kPa in a
reversible, adiabatic process. Determine the final temperature and the work done during this
process, assuming constant specific heats. (7-93)
17) Nitrogen at 120 kPa and 30ºC is compressed to 600 kPa in an adiabatic compressor. Calculate
the minimum work needed for this process, in kJ/kg (7-99)
18) Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 7 MPa, 600°C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150°C,
and 140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 6 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate of
the steam flowing through the turbine and (b) the isentropic efficiency of the turbine. (7-132)
19) Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa and 17°C at a rate of 2.4 m3/s, and it exits at
257°C. The compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 84 percent. Neglecting the changes in
kinetic and potential energies, determine (a) the exit pressure of air and (b) the power required
to drive the compressor. (7-137)
20) The exhaust nozzle of a jet engine expands air at 300 kPa and 180ºC adiabatically to 100 kPa.
Determine the air velocity at the exit when the inlet velocity is low and the nozzle isentropic
efficiency is 96 percent (7-142)
