FAA AIRMAN KNOWLEDGE TESTING

MATRIX
January 27, 2025

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Federal Tracking Number (FTN):

Airman applicants, WHO DO NOT ALREADY HAVE AN FTN, should establish an FTN, by creating a profile in
the Integrated Airman Certification and Rating Application (IACRA) System, PRIOR TO taking an FAA Airman
Knowledge Test. This FTN is printed on the applicant’s Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

Acceptable Forms of Identification:

U.S. Citizens &

ALL Applicants Resident Aliens Non-U.S. Citizens

Identification information must be -  Identification card issued by any  Passport

U.S. state, territory, or government
 valid entity AND
 current o (e.g., driver permit or license,
government identification card,  Driver permit or license
Identification must include ALL of the or military identification card) issued by a U.S. state or
following information – territory
OR
 photo OR
 date of birth  Passport
 signature  Identification card issued
 physical, residential address OR by any government entity

 Alien residency card

Notes:

• The information, in the table above, may be presented in more than one form.

• If the acceptable form(s) of identification (as listed in the table above) does not include valid and current
proof of the applicant’s physical/residential address, the applicant may utilize their parent’s
physical/residential address; or the applicant may provide proof of their physical/residential address by
presenting one of the Acceptable Forms of Applicant Address Verification listed on page 4 of this
document. Examples of an unacceptable physical/residential address are a post office box, rural route,
flight school address (unless the applicant resides at the school), or a commercial business/employer
address.

• In the case of an applicant under the age of 18, who does not possess an acceptable form(s) of
identification, a parent or legal guardian is required to accompany the applicant, and after presenting
identification as described in the above table, may attest to the applicant’s identity.

• An applicant, who does not possess a passport, due to asylum status, may present government-issued
documentation, to an FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), or FAA International Field Office (IFO),
for approval as an acceptable form of identification, in lieu of a passport. The FSDO or IFO will contact the
FAA’s Testing Standards Section with notification of approval or disapproval.
Acceptable Forms of Age Verification

• An applicant must present state or federal government-issued photo identification as proof they
are at least the minimum eligibility age required for the requested knowledge test as listed in the
applicable table of this document and as stated in the applicable portion(s) of 14 CFR Part 61,
sections (§§) 61.35(a)(3), 61.96(b)(1), 61.103(a)(b), 61.123(a), 61.153(a), 61.183(a),
61.213(a)(1), 61.305(a)(1); or 14 CFR Part 65, § 65.53(a).

Acceptable Forms of Test / Retest Authorization

• Refer to the applicable certification/rating page of this document for specific information on
acceptable forms of airman knowledge test and retest authorization.

• For a test taken on or before January 10, 2020, an applicant no longer possessing an AKTR
may navigate here for instructions on securing a replacement.

• For a test taken on or after January 13, 2020, an applicant no longer possessing an AKTR
may navigate to the PSI Website to print a duplicate.

Codes for Incorrectly Answered Test Questions

• For the knowledge tests listed on pages 5 through 15 of this document:

o Test Codes, NOT highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Learning
Statement Codes (LSCs) displayed on the resulting AKTR. Matching the LSCs, printed on
the AKTR, with the associated Learning Statements, assists in the evaluation of subject areas
shown to be deficient on the knowledge test. The Learning Statement Reference Guide for
Airman Knowledge Testing is available here.

o Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification
Standards (ACS) Codes displayed on the resulting AKTR. Matching the ACS Codes, printed
on the AKTR, with the associated code descriptions, assists in the evaluation of subject areas
shown to be deficient on the knowledge test. ACS Codes are displayed ONLY on AKTRs for
knowledge tests taken after the effective date of the corresponding ACS document. The
ACS documents are available here.

Validation Questions

• Any of the tests, described in this Matrix, may include validation questions, which are questions
used to accumulate data for statistical analysis of test question validity and performance.

o Validation questions are NOT scored, and do NOT count for or against the applicant’s final
test score.

o The listed “NUMBER OF QUESTIONS” does NOT include validation questions.

o The listed “ALLOTTED TIME” includes the time required to respond to validation
questions.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 2

 GENERAL GUIDELINES & RECOMMENDATIONS
• This January 27, 2025, version of the FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix supersedes the September 1,
2024, version.

• The proctor scans and verifies electronic capture of any identification and authorization documents presented
at the time of applicant processing.

REFERENCE MATERIAL LINKS

• 14 CFR Part 61, Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
o Requirements for certificates, ratings, and authorizations are addressed in 14 CFR § 61.3.

• 14 CFR Part 63, Certification: Flight Crewmembers Other than Pilots

• 14 CFR Part 65, Certification: Airmen Other than Flight Crewmembers

• 14 CFR Part 107, Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems

• 14 CFR Part 141, Pilot Schools

• 14 CFR Part 147, Aviation Maintenance Technician Schools

• FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 61-65, Certification: Pilots and Flight and Ground Instructors (as
amended)

• A U.S. pilot wishing to obtain a Canadian license, or a Canadian pilot wishing to obtain a U.S.
certificate, should review FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 61-135, Conversion Process for Pilot
Certificates in Accordance with the Implementation Procedures for Licensing as Part of the Bilateral
Aviation Safety Agreement Between the Federal Aviation Administration and Transport Canada Civil
Aviation Authority for Pilot Licensing (as amended)

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 3

 ACCEPTABLE FORMS OF APPLICANT ADDRESS VERIFICATION
The following forms must be signed by an FAA Aviation Safety Inspector or other designated
personnel:

• (FAA) AC Form 8060-1, FAA Airman Certificate

• FAA Form 8060-4, Temporary Airman Certificate

• FAA Form 8500-9, Medical Certificate Class

• FAA Form 8610-1, Mechanic’s Application for Inspection Authorization

• FAA Form 8610-2, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application

• FAA Form 8710-1, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application

• FAA Form 8710-2, Student Pilot Certificate

Other acceptable forms of applicant address verification:

• (Department of Defense) DD Form 93, Record of Emergency Data

• DD Form 2058, State of Legal Residence Certificate

• Form DS-2019, Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor (J-1) Status

o (aka, Department of State / Department of Homeland Security “Student and Exchange Visitor
Information System (SEVIS) eligibility printout”)

• Public utilities (i.e., water, electric, gas) statement

o Statements from cable companies are NOT an acceptable form of address verification.

• Mortgage statement

• Lease agreement (signed)

• Letter, on official letterhead, signed by a school/university staff/faculty member, stating the applicant
resides at that school/university

• Property deed

• Property tax bill or receipt

• Homeowners or renters’ insurance statement

• Motor vehicle title/registration documentation

• U.S. Military ‘Home of Record’ documentation

• Voter registration card

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 4

 AIRCRAFT DISPATCHER,
AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT,
& FLIGHT NAVIGATOR
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Airline Transport Pilot and Aircraft Dispatcher, FAA-CT-8080-7D (2019)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
ACH Airline Transport Pilot Helicopter Canadian Conversion 40 23 2.0 70
ACM Airline Transport Pilot Multiengine Airplane Canadian Conversion 60 23 2.5 70
ADX Aircraft Dispatcher 80 21 3.5 70
ARH Airline Transport Pilot Helicopter (135) (Added Rating) 50 21 2.5 70
ASC Airline Transport Pilot Single Engine Airplane Canadian Conversion 40 23 2.5 70
ATH Airline Transport Pilot Helicopter (135) 80 21 3.0 70
ATM Airline Transport Pilot Multiengine Airplane* 125 18 3.5 70
ATS Airline Transport Pilot Single Engine Airplane (135) 90 21 2.5 70
FNX Flight Navigator 80 N/A 3.0 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

*The ATM airman knowledge test has a validity period of 60 calendar months.

Authorization for ALL tests listed above (except ACM and ATM):
• NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization is required for an initial attempt. (14 CFR
§§ 61.153(f), 63.51, and 65.53)

Acceptable form of authorization for ACM and ATM tests only:

• Graduation certificate issued by an authorized 14 CFR part 121, 135, 141, or 142 Airline Transport Pilot (ATP)
Certification Training Program (CTP) training provider certifying completion of the training required by 14 CFR
§ 61.156.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan a legible copy of the graduation certificate, presented at the time of applicant processing, and
return the original to the applicant.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for all tests listed above (except ADX and FNX):
• Passing AKTR
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization, if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR (whether valid or expired) indicating failure.
The applicant must also present an endorsement from an authorized instructor who gave the applicant additional training and has
determined the applicant proficient to pass the test.
 This endorsement may be in the form of a signed written statement, a signed logbook notation, or by completing the Authorized
Instructor’s Statement portion of the failed AKTR. (14 CFR § 61.49(a)(2))
 (For the ACM and ATM tests, the endorsement must be provided by an ATP CTP authorized ground instructor.)
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is successfully scanned and electronically
stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ADX and FNX tests only:
• Passing AKTR
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization, if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: A 30-day waiting period is required, before retesting, if the applicant presents a failed AKTR with no retesting endorsement.
The applicant is required to submit the applicable AKTR indicating failure to the testing center prior to retesting.
 ADX: Retests do not require a 30-day waiting period, if the applicant presents a signed statement from an airman holding the
certificate and the rating sought by the applicant, certifying that the airman has given the applicant additional instruction in each of
the failed subjects, and that the airman considers the applicant ready for retesting. (14 CFR § 65.19)
 FNX: Retests do not require a 30-day waiting period if the applicant presents a signed statement from a certificated flight navigator,
certificated ground instructor, or any other qualified person approved by the FAA Administrator. (14 CFR § 63.59) This statement
must certify that the individual has given the applicant additional instruction, in each of the failed subjects, and that the individual
considers the applicant ready for retesting.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is successfully scanned and electronically
stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 5

 AVIATION MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN:
AIRFRAME, GENERAL, & POWERPLANT
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Aviation Maintenance Technician - General, Airframe, and Powerplant;
and Parachute Rigger, FAA-CT-8080-4G (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
AMA Aviation Maintenance Technician Airframe 100 N/A 2.0 70
AMG Aviation Maintenance Technician General 60 N/A 2.0 70
AMP Aviation Maintenance Technician Powerplant 100 N/A 2.0 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for ALL tests listed above:
• Original FAA Form 8610-2, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application-Mechanic and Parachute Rigger
o PROCTOR ACTION:
 Verify the applicable blocks are marked (in the upper left corner of the form). Those not applicable have a
line drawn through them. If either or both the AIRFRAME and POWERPLANT boxes are checked on the
Form 8610-2, along with the ORIGINAL ISSUANCE box (and NOT the ADDED RATING box), this serves
as authorization for the Aviation Maintenance Technician General (AMG) test. Do NOT accept an
original issuance application for an AMG test only. (If the ADDED RATING box is marked, this
indicates that the AMG test is NOT required.)
 Ensure block V is completed, including the date, FAA official signature, and the FAA Office/Designator
No.
 The applicant must retain both original 8610-2 forms issued by the FSDO. Scan the form and
return the original to the applicant.
• An authenticated document from an FAA-certificated Aviation Maintenance Technician School (AMTS)
o The document may be a certificate, letter, etc. that includes the AMTS name and certificate number, graduation
date, curriculum from which the applicant graduated, and applicant name. (14 CFR § Part 147.21)
o A document showing graduation from an Airframe and/or Powerplant curriculum also authorizes the applicant
to take the AMG.
o An airman applicant who has not graduated from an FAA-certificated AMTS may take the AMG test
prior to graduation by presenting an authenticated document indicating satisfactory completion of the
General curriculum. (14 CFR §§ 65.75(c) and 147.31)
• Military Certificate of Eligibility (COE) for tests authorized on the certificate.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the COE and return the original to the applicant.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Expired AKTR or other acceptable form of first take authorization
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE 1: A 30-day waiting period is required, before retesting, if the applicant presents a failed AKTR, but no
retesting endorsement.
o NOTE 2: Retests do not require a 30-day waiting period if the applicant presents a signed statement from an
airman holding the certificate and rating(s) sought by the applicant. This statement must certify that the
airman has given the applicant additional instruction in each of the subjects failed, and that the airman
considers the applicant ready for retesting.
o NOTE 3: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR indicating failure,
to the testing center, prior to retesting.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is
successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 6

 COMMERCIAL PILOT & MILITARY COMPETENCE
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Commercial Pilot, FAA-CT-8080-1E (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME GRADE
CAX Commercial Pilot Airplane 100 16 2.5 70
CBG Commercial Pilot Balloon - Gas 60 16 2.5 70
CBH Commercial Pilot Balloon - Hot Air 100 16 3.0 70
CCH Commercial Pilot Helicopter Canadian Conversion 40 18 2.0 70
CCP Commercial Pilot Airplane Canadian Conversion 40 18 2.0 70
CGX Commercial Pilot Glider 100 16 3.0 70
CLA Commercial Pilot Airship 100 16 3.0 70
CRG Commercial Pilot Gyroplane 100 16 3.0 70
CRH Commercial Pilot Helicopter* 100 16 2.5 70
MCN Military Competence Non-Category 50 18 2.0 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

*Effective January 27, 2025, the Commercial Pilot Helicopter (CRH) allotted test time will be reduced from 3.0 hours to 2.5 hours.

MCI Military Competence Instructor SEE INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION ON PAGE 10

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for all tests listed above (except CCH, CCP, and MCN):
• Certificate of graduation or a statement of accomplishment certifying the satisfactory completion of the
ground school portion of a course for the certificate or rating sought. The certificate or statement may
be issued by an FAA certificated pilot school or an agency, such as a high school, college, adult
education program, Civil Air Patrol, or Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) flight training school.
• Written statement or logbook endorsement from an authorized ground or flight instructor certifying that
the applicant completed an applicable ground training or home study course and is prepared for the
knowledge test. (AC 61-65, as amended) (14 CFR § 61.35)

Authorization for CCH, CCP, and MCN:

• Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing AKTR
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR
(whether valid or expired) indicating failure, along with an endorsement from an authorized
instructor who gave the applicant additional training and who has determined the applicant
proficient to pass the test.
 The authorized instructor endorsement may be in the form of a signed written statement, a
signed logbook notation, or by completing the Authorized Instructor’s Statement portion of the
failed AKTR. (14 CFR § 61.49(a)(2))
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is
successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 7

 FLIGHT ENGINEER
Computer Testing Supplement for Flight Engineer, FAA-CT-8080-6A (1999)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
FEJ Flight Engineer Turbojet (Added Rating) 50 19 2.0 70
FEN Flight Engineer Reciprocating Engine (Basic) 80 19 3.0 70
FEP Flight Engineer Turboprop (Added Rating) 50 19 2.0 70
FER Flight Engineer Reciprocating Engine (Added Rating) 50 19 2.0 70
FET Flight Engineer Turboprop (Basic) 80 19 3.0 70
FEX Flight Engineer Turbojet (Basic) 80 19 3.0 70

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for ALL BASIC tests listed above:
• FAA or International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) member nation unrestricted commercial pilot
certificate or license with an instrument rating; or airline transport pilot certificate or license not limited to
visual flight rules (VFR).
• Original FAA Form 8060-7, Airman’s Authorization for Written/Knowledge Test.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Verify all applicable blocks are completed, including the endorser’s printed
name and original signature.

Acceptable form of authorization for ALL ADDED RATING tests listed above:
• Flight Engineer Certificate or an Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR) for a flight engineer original
class rating. (14 CFR § 63.33)

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Expired AKTR or other acceptable form of first take authorization
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE 1: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE, within 30 days of failing the knowledge test, is
required to submit the applicable AKTR indicating failure, along with an endorsement from an
authorized instructor who gave the applicant the required additional training.
o NOTE 2: An applicant retesting, more than 30 days after failing the knowledge test, is only
required to submit the applicable AKTR indicating failure. (14 CFR § 63.41)
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is
successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 8

 INSPECTION AUTHORIZATION
Computer Testing Supplement for Inspection Authorization, FAA-CT-8080-8D (2008)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
IAR Inspection Authorization* 50 21 3.0 70
*Available ONLY at testing centers authorized to administer the IAR knowledge test.

Acceptable form of authorization:

• FAA Form 8610-1, “Mechanic’s Application for Inspection Authorization”.
o NOTE 1: Item 14, “RECORD OF ACTION”, block “ENDORSEMENT” block must be
checked, date, FAA inspector original signature, and FAA office designation/identification
number.
o NOTE 2: The applicant must retain the original 8610-1. After reviewing the 8610-1
for proper completion, including verification of endorsement date validity, the proctor
scans the form, and returns the original to the applicant.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization:

• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Failed AKTR and new FAA Form 8610-1
o NOTE 1: The applicant must wait, until at least 90 days AFTER FAILURE, and return to
the responsible FAA Office, to obtain a new endorsed 8610-1. The applicant is required to
submit the failed AKTR, along with the new endorsed 8610-1, to the testing center, prior to
retesting.
o NOTE 2: The applicant must retain the original 8610-1. After reviewing the 8610-1
for proper completion, including verification of endorsement date validity, the proctor
scans the form, and returns the original to the applicant.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the
authorization is successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy
the failed AKTR.

Unacceptable form of retest authorization:

• Expired AKTR
o NOTE: This is NOT an acceptable form of retest authorization for the IAR test. Follow
the FAA Acceptable form of authorization procedures outlined above.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 9

 INSTRUCTOR: FLIGHT, GROUND, & SPORT PILOT
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Flight Instructor, Ground Instructor,
and Sport Pilot Instructor, FAA-CT-8080-5H (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
AFA Flight Instructor Airplane (Added Rating)* 25 16 1.0 70
AFG Flight Instructor Glider (Added Rating)* 25 16 1.0 70
AGI Ground Instructor (Advanced) 100 16 2.5 70
BGI Ground Instructor (Basic) 80 16 2.5 70
FIA Flight Instructor Airplane 100 16 2.5 70
FIG Flight Instructor Glider 100 16 2.5 70
FOI Fundamentals of Instructing 50 16 1.5 70
FRG Flight Instructor Gyroplane 100 16 2.5 70
FRH Flight Instructor Helicopter 100 16 2.5 70
GFA Flight Instructor Gyroplane (Added Rating)* 25 16 1.0 70
HFA Flight Instructor Helicopter (Added Rating)* 25 16 1.0 70
MCI Military Competence Instructor 125 16 3.0 70
SIA Flight Instructor Sport Airplane** 70 16 2.5 70
SIB Flight Instructor Sport Balloon** 70 16 2.5 70
SIG Flight Instructor Sport Glider** 70 16 2.5 70
SIL Flight Instructor Sport Lighter-Than-Air (Airship)** 70 16 2.5 70
SIP Flight Instructor Sport Powered Parachute** 70 16 2.5 70
SIW Flight Instructor Sport Weight-Shift-Control** 70 16 2.5 70
SIY Flight Instructor Sport Gyroplane** 70 16 2.5 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

*The above Added Rating tests may be taken ONLY if the applicant already holds a Flight Instructor Certificate. (14 CFR § 61
Subpart H) These tests do not apply to Flight Instructors with only a Sport Pilot Rating. (14 CFR § 61 Subpart K)
**See SPORT PILOT Flight Instructor information below.

AIF Flight Instructor Instrument Airplane (Added Rating)

FIH Flight Instructor Instrument Helicopter SEE INSTRUMENT RATING
FII Flight Instructor Instrument Airplane INFORMATION ON PAGE 11
HIF Flight Instructor Instrument Helicopter (Added Rating)
IGI Ground Instructor Instrument
Authorization for Flight and Ground Instructor tests listed above (except FOI, and SIA through SIY):
• Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization.
Acceptable forms of authorization for Fundamentals of Instructing (FOI) (effective September 1, 2024):
o Certificate of graduation issued by an FAA certificated pilot school. (14 CFR § 61.71(a))
o Logbook endorsement from an authorized ground or flight instructor, certifying that the applicant completed an applicable
ground training or home study course, and is prepared for the knowledge test. (14 CFR § 61.183(d), 14 CFR § 61.185(a)(1),
14 CFR § 61.405(a)(1)). (Refer to AC 61-65, as amended, for an example of this endorsement.)
An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of authorization for SPORT PILOT Flight
Instructor tests listed above (SIA through SIY):
• Certificate of graduation issued by an FAA certificated pilot school. (14 CFR § 61.71(a))
• Logbook endorsement from an authorized ground or flight instructor certifying that the applicant completed an applicable
ground training or home study course and is prepared for the knowledge test. (14 CFR § 61.405)
Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:
• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR (whether valid or expired) indicating
failure, along with an endorsement by an authorized instructor who gave the applicant the required additional training. (14 CFR §
61.49(a)(2))
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is successfully scanned and
electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 10

 INSTRUMENT RATING
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Instrument Rating, FAA-CT-8080-3F (2017)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
AIF Flight Instructor Instrument Airplane (Added Rating) 20 16 1.0 70
FIH Flight Instructor Instrument Helicopter 50 16 2.5 70
FII Flight Instructor Instrument Airplane 50 16 2.5 70
HIF Flight Instructor Instrument Helicopter (Added Rating) 20 16 1.0 70
ICH Instrument Rating Helicopter Canadian Conversion 40 15 2.0 70
ICP Instrument Rating Airplane Canadian Conversion 40 15 2.0 70
IEP Instrument Rating Airplane EU Part – FCL Conversion 40 16 2.0 70
IFB Instrument Rating Foreign Pilot via BASA (61.71) 40 N/A 2.0 70
IFP Instrument Rating Foreign Pilot via Non-BASA (61.75) 50 N/A 2.5 70
IGI Ground Instructor Instrument 50 16 2.5 70
IRA Instrument Rating Airplane 60 15 2.0 70
IRH Instrument Rating Helicopter* 60 15 2.0 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

NOTE: EU = European Union; FCL = Flight Crew Licensing; BASA = Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement.

*Effective January 27, 2025, the Instrument Rating Helicopter (IRH) allotted test time will be reduced from 2.5 hours to 2.0 hours.

Authorization for AIF, FIH, FII, HIF, ICH, ICP, IEP, IFB, IFP, and IGI:
• Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization.

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for IRA and IRH:
• Certificate of graduation or a statement of accomplishment certifying the satisfactory completion of the
ground school portion of a course from a FAA certificated pilot school. (14 CFR § 61.71(a))
• Written statement or logbook endorsement from an FAA authorized ground or flight instructor certifying
that the applicant is prepared to take the required knowledge test. (14 CFR § 61.65(a)(4))

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing AKTR
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization, if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR
(whether valid or expired) indicating failure. The applicant must also present an endorsement from
an authorized instructor who gave the applicant additional training and who has determined the
applicant proficient to pass the test. This endorsement may be in the form of a signed written
statement, a signed logbook notation, or by completing the Authorized Instructor’s Statement
portion of the failed AKTR. (14 CFR § 61.49(a)(2))
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is
successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 11

 PARACHUTE RIGGER
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Aviation Maintenance Technician - General, Airframe, and Powerplant;
and Parachute Rigger, FAA-CT-8080-4G (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
RIG Parachute Rigger 50 N/A 2.0 70
RMC Parachute Rigger Military Competence 25 17 1.0 70

Acceptable form of authorization for BOTH tests listed above:

• Original FAA Form 8610-2, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application-Mechanic and Parachute
Rigger
o PROCTOR ACTION:
 Verify applicable blocks are marked (in upper right corner of form). Those not
applicable have a line drawn through them.
 Ensure block V is completed, including the date, FAA original signature, and
the FAA Office/Designation number.
 The applicant must retain both original 8610-2 forms issued by the FSDO.
Scan the form and return the original to the applicant.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for BOTH tests listed above:

• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Expired AKTR or other acceptable form of first take authorization
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE 1: Retests do not require a 30-day waiting period if the applicant presents a
signed statement from an airman holding a certificate and rating sought by the applicant.
This statement must certify that the airman has given the applicant additional instruction
in each of the subjects failed, and that the airman considers the applicant ready for
retesting.
o NOTE 2: A 30-day waiting period for retesting is required if the applicant presents a
failed AKTR, but no authorized instructor endorsement.
o NOTE 3: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the
applicable AKTR indicating failure, to the testing, center prior to retesting.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the
authorization is successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy
the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 12

 RECREATIONAL & PRIVATE PILOT
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, Remote Pilot,
and Private Pilot, FAA-CT-8080-2H (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
PAR Private Pilot Airplane 60 15 2.0 70
PAT Private Pilot Airplane/Recreational Pilot - Transition 30 15 1.5 70
PBG Private Pilot Balloon - Gas 60 14 2.5 70
PBH Private Pilot Balloon - Hot Air 60 14 2.5 70
PCH Private Pilot Helicopter Canadian Conversion 40 16 2.0 70
PCP Private Pilot Airplane Canadian Conversion 40 16 2.0 70
PEP Private Pilot Airplane EU Part – FCL Conversion 40 16 2.0 70
PFB Private Pilot Airplane Foreign Pilot via BASA (61.71) 40 N/A 2.0 70
PGL Private Pilot Glider 60 14 2.5 70
PGT Private Pilot Gyroplane/Recreational Pilot - Transition 30 15 1.5 70
PHT Private Pilot Helicopter/Recreational Pilot - Transition 30 15 1.5 70
PLA Private Pilot Airship 60 15 2.5 70
PPP Private Pilot Powered Parachute 60 15 2.5 70
PRG Private Pilot Gyroplane 60 15 2.5 70
PRH Private Pilot Helicopter* 60 15 2.0 70
PWS Private Pilot Weight-Shift-Control 60 15 2.5 70
RPA Recreational Pilot Airplane 50 15 2.0 70
RPG Recreational Pilot Gyroplane 50 15 2.0 70
RPH Recreational Pilot Helicopter 50 15 2.0 70
Test Codes, highlighted in blue, indicate the corresponding test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

NOTE: EU = European Union; FCL = Flight Crew Licensing; BASA = Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement.

*Effective January 27, 2025, the Private Pilot Helicopter (PRH) allotted test time will be reduced from 2.5 hours to 2.0 hours.

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for all tests listed above (except PCH, PCP, PEP, and PFB):
• Certificate of graduation issued by an FAA certificated pilot school. (14 CFR § 61.71(a))
• Written statement or logbook endorsement from an authorized ground or flight instructor certifying that
the applicant completed an applicable ground training or home study course and is prepared for the
knowledge test. (14 CFR § 61.35, 61.96(b)(3) or 61.103(d)(2))

Authorization for PCH, PCP, PEP, and PFB tests only:

• Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing AKTR
• Expired AKTR, or other acceptable form of first take authorization, if an authorization is required.
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable AKTR
(whether valid or expired) indicating failure. The applicant must also present an endorsement from
an authorized instructor who gave the applicant additional training and who has determined the
applicant proficient to pass the test. This endorsement may be in the form of a signed written
statement, a signed logbook notation, or by completing the Authorized Instructor’s Statement
portion of the failed AKTR. (14 CFR § 61.49(a)(2))
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the authorization is
successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 13

 SPORT PILOT
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, Remote Pilot,
and Private Pilot, FAA-CT-8080-2H (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
SPA Sport Pilot Airplane 40 15 2.0 70
SPB Sport Pilot Lighter-Than-Air (Balloon) 40 15 2.0 70
SPI Sport Pilot Glider 40 15 2.0 70
SPL Sport Pilot Lighter-Than-Air (Airship) 40 15 2.0 70
SPP Sport Pilot Powered Parachute 40 15 2.0 70
SPW Sport Pilot Weight-Shift-Control 40 15 2.0 70
SPY Sport Pilot Gyroplane 40 15 2.0 70

SIA Flight Instructor Sport Airplane

SIB Flight Instructor Sport Balloon
SIG Flight Instructor Sport Glider SEE INSTRUCTOR
SIL Flight Instructor Sport Lighter-Than-Air (Airship) INFORMATION ON PAGE 10
SIP Flight Instructor Sport Powered Parachute
SIW Flight Instructor Sport Weight-Shift-Control
SIY Flight Instructor Sport Gyroplane

An airman applicant may present one or more of the following acceptable forms of
authorization for ALL tests listed above:
• Certificate of graduation issued by an FAA certificated pilot school. (14 CFR § 61.71(a))
• Written statement or logbook endorsement from an authorized ground or flight instructor
certifying that the applicant completed an applicable ground training or home study course
and is prepared for the knowledge test. (14 CFR § 61.309)

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for ALL tests listed above:

• Passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
• Expired AKTR or other acceptable form of first take authorization
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable
AKTR (whether valid or expired) indicating failure. The applicant must also present an
endorsement from an authorized instructor who gave the applicant additional training and
who has determined the applicant proficient to pass the test. This endorsement may be in
the form of a signed written statement, a signed logbook notation, or by completing the
Authorized Instructor’s Statement portion of the failed AKTR. (14 CFR § 61.49(a)(2))
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the
authorization is successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy
the failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 14

 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, Remote Pilot,
and Private Pilot, FAA-CT-8080-2H (2018)

TEST NUMBER OF ALLOTTED PASSING

CODE TEST NAME QUESTIONS AGE TIME SCORE
UAG Unmanned Aircraft General - Small 60 14 2 70
The UAG test has Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Codes printed on the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

Authorization for the UAG test:

• Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization.

Acceptable forms of retest authorization for the UAG test:

• Passing AKTR
o NOTE: No instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization is required to
retest.
• Expired AKTR
• Failed AKTR
o NOTE 1: Requires a 14-day waiting period for retesting.
o NOTE 2: An applicant retesting AFTER FAILURE is required to submit the applicable
AKTR indicating failure to the testing center prior to retesting.
o NOTE 3: No instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization is required to
retest AFTER FAILURE.
o PROCTOR ACTION: Scan the AKTR, presented as authorization, verify the
authorization is successfully scanned and electronically stored, and then destroy the
failed AKTR.

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix: Revised 1/27/25: Page 15