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Assignment 3

The document outlines Assignment 3 for a Communication Theory course, due on March 11, 2025, with compulsory questions related to FM modulation and signal analysis. It includes instructions for submission, cautions regarding late submissions, and five detailed questions requiring sketches, calculations, and MATLAB code for signal generation and demodulation. Students are expected to state any assumptions made and follow the specified submission format.

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Assignment 3

The document outlines Assignment 3 for a Communication Theory course, due on March 11, 2025, with compulsory questions related to FM modulation and signal analysis. It includes instructions for submission, cautions regarding late submissions, and five detailed questions requiring sketches, calculations, and MATLAB code for signal generation and demodulation. Students are expected to state any assumptions made and follow the specified submission format.

Uploaded by

gptgang76
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication Theory

Spring-2025

Assignment 3 Deadline: March 11, 5PM

Instructions:

• All questions are compulsory.

• Clearly state the assumptions (if any) made that are not specified in the questions.

• Submission format: Rollnumber.pdf

Cautions:

(a) One late homework assignment is allowed without penalty.

(b) 2 marks will be deducted on other late assignments.

Questions
1. Let p(t) = I[− 1 , 1 ] (t) denote a rectangular pulse of unit duration. Construct the
2 2
signal
X∞
m(t) = (−1)n p(t − n)
n=−∞

The signal m(t) is input to an FM modulator, whose output is given by

u(t) = 20 cos(2πfc t + φ(t))

where Z t
φ(t) = 20π m(τ ) dτ + a
−∞

and a is chosen such that φ(0) = 0.

(a) Carefully sketch both m(t) and φ(t) as a function of time.


(b) Approximating the bandwidth of m(t) as W ≈ 2, estimate the bandwidth of
u(t) using Carson’s formula.
(c) Suppose that a very narrow ideal BPF (with bandwidth less than 0.1) is placed
at fc + α. For which (if any) of the following choices of α will you get nonzero
power at the output of the BPF: (i). α = 0.5, (ii). α = 0.75, (iii). α = 1.

2. Figure 1 shows, as a function of time, the phase deviation of a bandpass FM signal


modulated by a sinusoidal message.

1
Figure 1: Phase deviation of FM signal for problem 2

(a) Find the modulation index (assume that it is an integer multiple of π for your
estimate).
(b) Find the message bandwidth.
(c) Estimate the bandwidth of the FM signal using Carson’s formula.

3. An angle-modulated signal with carrier frequency fc = 2π ∗ 105 is described by the


equation up (t) = 10 cos(fc + 5 sin 3000t + 10 sin 2000πt)
(a) Find the power of the modulated signal
(b) Find the frequency deviation
(c) Find the modulation index β
(d) Estimate the bandwidth of up (t)
4. The input m(t) to an FM modulator with kf = 1 has Fourier transform:
(
j2πf, |f | < 1
M (f ) = (1)
0, otherwise

The output of the FM modulator is given by:

ϕF M (t) = A cos(2πfc t + ϕ(t)) (2)

where fc is the carrier frequency.

(a) Find an explicit time domain expression for ϕ(t) and carefully sketch ϕ(t) as
a function of time.

2
(b) Determine ϕF M (t), the frequency modulated signal, and plot it as a function
of time.
(c) Find the magnitude of the instantaneous frequency deviation from the carrier
at time t = 41 .
(d) Using the result from (b) as an approximation for the maximum frequency
deviation, estimate the bandwidth of u(t).

Note: Here ϕ(t) is the phase term, while ϕF M (t) is the FM signal. Do not get
confused.

5. Provide a MATLAB code for the following questions, do not use inbuilt function to
perform the modulation

(a) Generate an FM signal using a sinusoidal message signal with a carrier fre-
quency of 1 kHz, frequency deviation of 50 Hz, and a modulation index of 5,
with appropriate fm .
(b) Plot the time-domain waveform of both the message and FM signal.
(c) Compute and plot the frequency spectrum of the FM signal.
(d) Implement a demodulation technique (have to select a demodulator discussed
in the class) to recover the message signal.

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