The document is a problem sheet for a course on Stochastic Processes, outlining various mathematical problems related to set theory, probability, and algebra. It includes tasks such as demonstrating distributive laws, determining probabilities for uniform distributions, and verifying properties of σ-algebras. The problems require the application of concepts from measure theory and probability theory.
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Sheet 2
The document is a problem sheet for a course on Stochastic Processes, outlining various mathematical problems related to set theory, probability, and algebra. It includes tasks such as demonstrating distributive laws, determining probabilities for uniform distributions, and verifying properties of σ-algebras. The problems require the application of concepts from measure theory and probability theory.
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STAT3004/4018/6018 Stochastic Processes, Sem 1
Problem Sheet 2
1 Let Ω, T 6= ∅. Assume A, B, C ⊆ Ω. Assume Gi ⊆ Ω, t ∈ T . Show one of
(a) distributive laws A ∩ (B ∪ C) = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C), (b) de Morgan’s rules ( t∈T Gt )c = t∈T Gct . T S
2 Let Ω = R. Determine (a) n∈N [0, 1/n) and (b) n∈N [0, 1/n)c . T S
3 Let U ∼ Uniform((0, 1]). Determine
(a) P(U ∈ [3/4, 1]) and (b) P(U ∈ (0, 1/8) ∪ [3/4, 1]) and (c) P(U is irrational). 4 Let Ω = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Determine whether or not each of the following is a σ-algebra (a) F1 = {{1, 2, 3, 4}}. (b) F2 = {∅, {1, 2}, {3, 4}, {1, 2, 3, 4}}. (c) F3 = {∅, {3}, {4}, {1, 2}, {3, 4}, {1, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 4}, {1, 2, 3, 4}}. (d) F4 = {∅, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {1, 4}, {2, 3}, {2, 4}, {3, 4}, {1, 2, 3, 4}}. 5? Let Aco−f ⊆ P(R) be the system of co-finite subsets A ⊆ R, so that A or Ac is finite. (a) Show that Aco−f is an algebra. To this end, verify the following axioms of an algebra
(S1) R ∈ Aco−f (S2) A ∈ Aco−f ⇒ Ac ∈ Aco−f (A3) A, B ∈ Aco−f ⇒ A ∪ B ∈ Aco−f .
(b) Disprove that Aco−f is a σ-algebra.
Let Fco−c ⊆ P(R) be the system of co-countable subsets F ⊆ R, so that F or F c is countable. (c) Show that Fco−c is a σ-algebra.
Logical progression of twelve double binary tables of physical-mathematical elements correlated with scientific-philosophical as well as metaphysical key concepts evidencing the dually four-dimensional basic structure of the universe