LEC9 Resistor
LEC9 Resistor
THEORIES/ PRINCIPLES
Resistors are one of the most common electronic components. Complex electronic
circuits may comprise many hundreds of individual components. Resistors are essential to
almost every electronic circuits.
A resistor is a device or component that has ability to oppose or limit the flow of current
in the circuit. The current limiting ability of a resistor is depending on its characteristic called
resistance. Resistance is measured in ohms, represented by the Greek symbol Omega (Ω).
Classification of Resistors:
Parts of a Resistor
Resistor Reading
Color Digit Multiplier Tolerance
BLACK 0 100 = 1
BROWN 1 101= 10 ±1%
RED 2 102= 100 ±2%
ORANGE 3 103= 1000 ±3%
YELLOW 4 104= 10000 ±4%
GREEN 5 105= 100000
BLUE 6 106= 1000000
VIOLET 7 107= 10000000
GRAY 8 108= 100000000
WHITE 9 109= 1000000000
GOLD 0.1 ±5%
SILVER 0.01 ±10%
NONE ±20%
The small size of the resistor prevents printing the resistance value and tolerance on its case.
Therefore, the color-coded strip system is used to display the resistor value. The meaning of the
colored bands on a resistor is as follows. The first band, closest to the end of the resistor,
represents the first digit of the resistor value. The second band represents the second digit of
the resistor value. The third band represents the number of zeros to be added or multiplier to
the first two digits. The fourth band represents the tolerance of the resistor.
Example:
120 Ω± 5%
Formula: Rt= R1 + R2 + R3 + …
Example:
R1 R2 R3 R2= 100Ω
R3= 50Ω
Rt= R1 + R2 + R3
= 10 + 100 + 50
= 160Ω
Formula: 1
Example:
R1 R2 R3 R4
1
Rt= 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + 1/R4
1
= 1/5 + 1/10 + 1/20 + 1/100
= 2.78Ω
R1
R7
Rt=?
Given: R1= 2Ω R5= 100Ω
R2= 20Ω R6= 200Ω
R3= 40Ω R7= 1000Ω
R4= 50Ω
In this example, you must compute first the resistors in parallel and then transform all resistors
in series. In this case, you will now easily compute for the resistor by adding all resistance, if all resistors
are already in series.
1 1
RA= 1/R2 + 1/R3 RB= 1/R5 + 1/R6 + 1/R7
1 1
= 1/20 + 1/40 = 1/100 + 1/200 + 1/1000
= 13.33Ω = 62.5Ω
Rt= R1 + RA + R4 + RB
2 + 13.33 + 50 + 62.5
= 127.83Ω
Definition of terms:
Give the values of the following resistors whose color codes are as follows.
Give the color codes of the following resistor whose values are as follows.
1. 100 Ω ± 10%
2. 2.5 Ω ± 5%
3. 220 KΩ ± 5%
4. 2.3 MΩ ± 10%
5. 470 KΩ ± 5%
Reference: