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3 - Addresses

The document discusses the addressing mechanisms in computer networks, highlighting the need for source and destination addresses for communication. It explains the types of addresses: physical addresses used at the data link layer, logical addresses for unique identification across networks, and port addresses for directing data to specific processes. Additionally, it mentions user-friendly addresses like email and URLs that serve specific purposes in network communication.

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13 views9 pages

3 - Addresses

The document discusses the addressing mechanisms in computer networks, highlighting the need for source and destination addresses for communication. It explains the types of addresses: physical addresses used at the data link layer, logical addresses for unique identification across networks, and port addresses for directing data to specific processes. Additionally, it mentions user-friendly addresses like email and URLs that serve specific purposes in network communication.

Uploaded by

code dv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Networks

(CSDC-0206)
Dr Samayveer Singh

Network Addresses
Internet Addressing

Any communication between two parties needs two addresses


at-least
• Source Address
• Destination Address
Since we have 5 layers so it appears that we would require 5
addresses.
But we only need 4
• Physical layers does not need an address since the unit
of data exchange at physical layer is a bit, which cannot
have a address.

2
Addressing Mechanism

3
Relationship of layers and addresses in
TCP/IP

4
Physical address

Address of a node as defined by its LAN or WAN.

It is included in the frame used by the data link layer.

It is the lowest level address.


The physical address have the authority over the network (LAN &
WAN).
The size and format of these addresses vary depending upon the
network.
Ex: Ethernet uses a 6 byte (48 bits) physical address that is
imprinted on the network interface card.

5
Example of Physical address

Figure: A node with physical address 10 sends a frame to a node with


physical address 87. The two nodes are connected by a link (bus topology
LAN).

6
Logical addresses

Physical addresses are not adequate in an internetwork


environment where different networks have different address
formats.
A universal addressing system is needed in which each host
can be identified uniquely, regardless of the type of physical
network.
The logical addresses are designed for this purpose and they
are independent of physical network.
A logical address in the internet is currently 32 bit address that
can uniquely defined a host connected to internet.
No two publicly addressed and visible hosts on the internet
have same IP address.

7
Port Address

The IP Address and the physical address are necessary for a quantity
of data to travel from a source to the destination host.
However, the arrival of data at the destination is not the final
objective.
Computers are devices that can run multiple processes at the same
time.
For theses processes to receive data simultaneously, there is need of
method to label the different process.
function of addressing a particular process is called as port
addressing.
A port address in TCP/IP is 16 bits in length.

8
Specific addresses

Some applications have user friendly addresses that are


designed for that specific address.

The example includes the email address ( for eg.


[email protected]) and the universal resource locator (URL) (for
eg. http://www.google.com).

The first defines the recipient of an email and the second is


used to find the information on the world wide web.

Both are different processes so they will have different port


addresses.
9

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