Scribd
Upload
19 views7 pages

Iot Exp2

The document explains how to interface an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino Uno to measure distance using sound waves. It details the necessary components, circuit connections, and provides a sample code for implementation. The setup allows users to view the measured distance on the Arduino Serial Monitor, facilitating debugging and interaction.

Uploaded by

hasinikumbam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views7 pages

Iot Exp2

The document explains how to interface an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino Uno to measure distance using sound waves. It details the necessary components, circuit connections, and provides a sample code for implementation. The setup allows users to view the measured distance on the Arduino Serial Monitor, facilitating debugging and interaction.

Uploaded by

hasinikumbam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor With Arduino

An Ultrasonic Sensor is a device that measures distance to an object using Sound Waves. It
works by sending out a sound wave at ultrasonic frequency and waits for it to bounce back from
the object. Then, the time delay between transmission of sound and receiving of the sound is
used to calculate the distance.

It is done using the formula Distance = (Speed of sound * Time delay) / 2

We divide the distance formula by 2 because the sound waves travel a round trip i.e from the
sensor and back to the sensor which doubles the actual distance.

The HC-SR04 is a typical ultrasonic sensor which is used in many projects such as obstacle
detector and electronic distance measurement tapes. In this Instructable I'll teach you how to
interface the HC-SC04 with an Arduino Uno.

Step 1: Components Required

To interface an Ultrasonic Sensor with an Arduino and view the distance on the serial monitor
you'll need:

Arduino Uno
HC-SR04 Module
BreadBorad
Jumper wires
You'll need a laptop or a PC to upload code to the Arduino and view the Distance on the Serial
Monitor.

Step 2: A Little About HC-SR04


The HC-SR04 is an ultrasonic ranging module. This economical sensor provides 2cm to 400cm
of non-contact measurement functionality with a ranging accuracy that can reach up to 3mm.
Each HC-SR04 module includes an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver and a control circuit.
There are Four Pins on the HC-SR04. They are :
Vcc (5V supply)
Gnd (Ground)
Trig (Trigger)
Echo (Receive)
The key features to be noted are:
Operating Voltage: 5V DC
Operating Current: 15mA
Measure Angle: 15°
Ranging Distance: 2cm - 4m

Step 3: The Arduino Serial Monitor


The Serial Monitor is a part of the Arduino IDE. It is also available in the Web IDE. It allows
you to send and receive data from the board connected via USB. This is using the concept of
Serial Communication.

You can send the commands by typing in the window on the top and pressing 'Enter' or clicking
'Send'. The data from the board is displayed below that.
This is very useful when debugging the code, or if you need to give inputs to the board, This is
probably the most useful tool in the IDE. The more you use it, the better you get at testing
complex projects that takes inputs and provides consequent outputs.
Step 4: The Circuit
The connections are as follows:
Vcc to 5V Pin of the Arduino.
Gnd to Gnd Pin of the Arduino.
Trig to Digital Pin 9 .
Echo to Digital Pin 10.
Refer the schematics for more clarity on the connections.
Few things to remember while building the circuit
Avoid placing the sensor on metal surfaces to avoid short circuits which might burn the sensor.
It is recommended to put electrical tape on the back side of the sensor.
You can also directly connect the Ultrasonic sensor to the Arduino with jumper wires directly.

Step 5: The Code

/*
* Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 interfacing with Arduino.

*/

// defining the pins

const int trigPin = 9;

const int echoPin = 10;

// defining variables

long duration;

int distance;

void setup() {

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output

pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input

Serial.begin(9600); // Starts the serial communication

void loop() {

// Clears the trigPin

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);

// Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds

duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculating the distance

distance= duration*0.034/2;

// Prints the distance on the Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Distance: ");

Serial.println(distance);

Step 6: Uploading and Testing


Once you've uploaded the code, the board will begin to transmit data to the computer. You will
know this when you see the Tx LED on the Arduino blinking each time it transmits a data. Now
if you open the Serial Monitor, you'll see the distance being displayed.

You might also like