8/23/24, 11:47 AM descriptive analytics.

ipynb - Colab

income expenditure CSV dataset fro kaggle

load the dataset into dataframe / table

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv('/content/sample_data/Inc_Exp_Data (1).csv')

data.head()

Mthly_HH_Income Mthly_HH_Expense No_of_Fly_Members Emi_or_Rent_Amt Annual_HH_I

0 5000 8000 3 2000

1 6000 7000 2 3000

2 10000 4500 2 0 1

3 10000 2000 1 0

4 12500 12000 2 3000 1

data.shape

(50, 7)

data.columns

Index(['Mthly_HH_Income', 'Mthly_HH_Expense', 'No_of_Fly_Members',

descriptive statistics uses the following measures

1. central tendency: mean, median, mode

info()- number of rows, No. of columns, col names, data types of each col etc

data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 50 entries, 0 to 49
Data columns (total 7 columns):
# Column Non-Null Count Dtype
--- ------ -------------- -----
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0 Mthly_HH_Income 50 non-null int64
1 Mthly_HH_Expense 50 non-null int64
2 No_of_Fly_Members 50 non-null int64
3 Emi_or_Rent_Amt 50 non-null int64
4 Annual_HH_Income 50 non-null int64
5 Highest_Qualified_Member 50 non-null object
6 No_of_Earning_Members 50 non-null int64
dtypes: int64(6), object(1)
memory usage: 2.9+ KB

describes numeric columns/attributes

data.describe()

Mthly_HH_Income Mthly_HH_Expense No_of_Fly_Members Emi_or_Rent_Amt Annual_

count 50.000000 50.000000 50.000000 50.000000 5.0

mean 41558.000000 18818.000000 4.060000 3060.000000 4.9

std 26097.908979 12090.216824 1.517382 6241.434948 3.2

min 5000.000000 2000.000000 1.000000 0.000000 6.4

25% 23550.000000 10000.000000 3.000000 0.000000 2.5

50% 35000.000000 15500.000000 4.000000 0.000000 4.4

75% 50375.000000 25000.000000 5.000000 3500.000000 5.9

max 100000.000000 50000.000000 7.000000 35000.000000 1.4

central tendencies using statistics module

import statistics as st

st.mean(data['Mthly_HH_Income'])

41558

st.variance(data['Mthly_HH_Income'])

681100853.0612245

st.stdev(data['Mthly_HH_Income'])

26097.908978713687

data['No_of_Fly_Members'].unique()

array([3, 2, 1, 5, 4, 6, 7])

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st.mode(data['No_of_Fly_Members'])

data['No_of_Fly_Members'].value_counts()

No_of_Fly_Members
4 15
6 10
3 9
2 8
5 5
7 2
1 1
Name: count, dtype: int64

st.mode(data['No_of_Earning_Members'])

Highest_Qualified_Member column is categorical data type- few distince values

data['Highest_Qualified_Member'].value_counts()

Highest_Qualified_Member
Graduate 19
Under-Graduate 10
Professional 10
Post-Graduate 6
Illiterate 5
Name: count, dtype: int64

data visualizations- graphs & charts

python provides a package for visualizations-

1. matplotlib.pyplot
2. seaborn

line, bar, pie, histogram, box, scatter

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

scatter plot: to visualize the relationship between two variables/attributes/ columns

1. datapoints are represented using dots

trend is - expenditure increases with increase in income

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8/23/24, 11:47 AM descriptive analytics.ipynb - Colab

# size of chart
plt.figure(figsize=(3,3))
plt.scatter(data['Mthly_HH_Income'], data['Mthly_HH_Expense'])
# x & y axis labels
plt.xlabel('Income')
plt.ylabel('Expenditure')
plt.title('Income vs expenditure')
plt.show()

line plot :

generally- the monthly expenditure of the families is less than income

plt.figure(figsize=(3,3))
plt.plot(data['Mthly_HH_Income'],label='income' )
plt.plot(data['Mthly_HH_Expense'], label='expenditure')
plt.legend() # giving labels to graphs
plt.show()

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pie chart: for categorical variables(few unique values), to know the proportion of each category

1. circular figure showing the proportions

x = data['No_of_Earning_Members'].value_counts()
print(x)

No_of_Earning_Members
1 33
2 12
3 4
4 1
Name: count, dtype: int64

plt.figure(figsize=(3,3))
plt.pie(x,labels=x.index, autopct='%.0f%%' )
plt.show()

histogram: used for single variable values are divided into intervals / bins.

1. bars are displayed to represent count in each bin

print(data['Mthly_HH_Income'].min())
print(data['Mthly_HH_Income'].max())

5000
100000

plt.figure(figsize=(3,3))
plt.hist(data['Mthly_HH_Income'], bins = 10)

plt.show()

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earning = data['No_of_Earning_Members'].unique()
#print(earning)
plt.hist(data['No_of_Earning_Members'])
plt.xlabel('No. of earning members')
plt.ylabel('Count')
plt.xticks(earning)
plt.show()

Start coding or generate with AI.

Start coding or generate with AI.

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8/23/24, 11:47 AM descriptive analytics.ipynb - Colab

Start coding or generate with AI.

plt.figure(figsize= (3,3))
plt.scatter(data['Mthly_HH_Income'], data['Mthly_HH_Expense'])
plt.xlabel('income')
plt.ylabel('expenditure')
plt.show()

plt.pie(data['No_of_Fly_Members'])
plt.show()

data['No_of_Fly_Members'].unique()

array([3, 2, 1, 5, 4, 6, 7])

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x = data['No_of_Fly_Members'].value_counts()
print(x)

No_of_Fly_Members
4 15
6 10
3 9
2 8
5 5
7 2
1 1
Name: count, dtype: int64

plt.pie(x, labels= x.index)

Start coding or generate with AI.

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