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Local Self Government

The document outlines the structure and functions of the local self-government system in India, emphasizing the Panchayat system as a form of democratic decentralization. It details the three tiers of the Panchayat system, their political and executive heads, and important articles related to their governance. Additionally, it highlights significant committees that have contributed to the evolution of the Panchayat system, including recommendations for constitutional recognition and electoral reforms.

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36 views16 pages

Local Self Government

The document outlines the structure and functions of the local self-government system in India, emphasizing the Panchayat system as a form of democratic decentralization. It details the three tiers of the Panchayat system, their political and executive heads, and important articles related to their governance. Additionally, it highlights significant committees that have contributed to the evolution of the Panchayat system, including recommendations for constitutional recognition and electoral reforms.

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jungkookietitli13
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Local Self Government

Parliamentary Structure of India


 The local self government is the lowest tier of the parliamentary system of
government.
 The base of the local self government is the democratic decentralization of India.
 Lord Rippon known as the father of democratic decentralization in India
Panchayet System In India
 Base of Panchayet system: Democratic Decentralization
 Concept: Article 40 of DPSP
 List: State list
 Part: IX
 Article: 243-243(0)
 Schedule : 11
 Total number of subjects: 29
 Important Amendment act: 73 constitutional amendment act, 1992 which was came into force on 25th
April, 1993
 Total number of tiers: 3 tiers which was recommended by B. R .Mehta committee
 Oldest 3 tier Panchayet System in India: The nagur district of Rajasthan on 2nd oct 1959
The work of the Gram Panchayet
 Maintenance and construction of water resources , roads, drainage, school buildings and CPR( common
property resources).
 Levy and collect local taxes.
 Execute government schemes related to employment.
TIER Political Head Executive Head Total number in
WB

Zilla Parishad Sabhadhipati District Magistrate 20

Panchayet Samity Sabhapati BDO 341

Gram Panchayet Pradhan Secretary 3354


• Gram Sabha/Village Assembly:
 Consist of all adult franchise of the village.
 The Gram Panchayat is responsible to Gram sabha
 The quorum of Gram sabha is 5% of its total strength.

• 1st Tier/Lowest Tier /Gram Panchayat:


 Grassroot level of the panchayat system.
 Consist of elected members and the Pradhan is elected by the all members of Gram Panchayat
among themselves.
 The quorum of Gram Panchayat is 33% of its total strength.
• 2nd Tier/ Intermediate Tier:
 Consist of partly elected and partly ex officio members.
 The Sabhapati is elected by the elected members of Panchayat Samiti among themselves.
• 3rd Tier/ Top Tier:
 Consist of partly elected and partly ex officio members.
 The Sabhadhipati is elected by the elected members of Zilla Parishad among themselves.
 A zilla Parishad can be divided into sub –division. The executive head of the sub division is SDO
Important Articles of the Panchayat System
 Article 243A- The provision of Gram Sabha.
 Article 243 C- The Structure of Panchayat System
 Article 243 D- Reservation of seats
SC/ST (Depends of the population)
For Woman ( At least 33%)
 Article 243 E- Duration of Panchayat – 5 years
 Article 243 F- Disqualification of membership –Determined by the laws of legislature
 Article 243 G- Power , Authority and responsibility of the Panchayat
 Article 243 H- Power to impose tax, funds
 Article 243 K- Election of Panchayat (conducted by the State)

Present Qualification: (For WB)


1) Indian Citizenship
2) At least 21 years of age.
3) Resident of that area.
Important committee of Panchayat System
• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee:
 The committee was appointed in 1957.
 The committee suggested the establishment of democratic decentralised local government which came to
be known as the Panchayati Raj.
 Three-tier Panchayati Raj system: gram panchayat, Panchayati Samiti and Zila Parishad.
• Asoke Mehta Committee:
 The committee was appointed in 1977.
 Recommended The three-tier system should be replaced with two-tier: Zila Parishad (district level) and the
Mandal Panchayat (a group of villages).
 Zila Parishad should be the executive body and responsible for planning at the district level.
 The institutions (Zila Parishad and the Mandal Panchayat) to have compulsory taxation powers to mobilise
their own financial resources.
• G V K Rao Committee:
 The committee was appointed by the planning commission in 1985. It recognised that development was
not seen at the grassroot level due to bureaucratisation resulting in Panchayat Raj Institutions addressed
as ‘grass without roots’. Hence it made some key recommendations which are as follows:
 Zila Parishad to be the most important body in the scheme of democratic decentralisation. Zila Parishad to
be the principal body to manage the developmental programmes at the district level.
 Post of District Development Commissioner to be created. He will be the chief executive officer of the Zila
Parishad.
 Elections to the levels of Panchayati Raj systems should be held regularly.
• L M Singhvi Committee:
 The committee was appointed by the government of India in 1986.

 The committee recommended that the Panchayati Raj systems should be constitutionally recognised. It
also recommended constitutional provisions to recognise free and fair elections for the Panchayati Raj
systems.

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