Math AA HL Test

Integrals
Date: 18 October 2022
Paper 1: without GDC
[80 marks]

SOLUTIONS

1. [Maximum mark: 5]

11x 23  5 x12  12
Let f ( x )  . Find f ( x) , given that f (1)  37 .
2 x13
Solution

11 10 5 1
f (x) = x +  + 6x -13
2 2 x
11 x 11 5 x -12 x 11 5 1
f(x) = + ln x + 6 +c = + ln x - 12 + c
2 11 2 -12 2 2 2x
1 1
f(1) = 37  + 0 - + c = 37  c = 37
2 2
x 11 5 1
Hence, f(x) = + ln x - 12 + 37
2 2 2x

2. [Maximum mark: 10]

Find the integrals

e4 x  1 e4 x e2 x
(a)  e 4 x dx (b)  e4 x  1dx c)  e4 x  1dx [2+3+5]

Solution

e4x + 1 e-4x  1 
 e4x 
-4x
(a) dx = (1 + e )dx = x - +c  = x - 4x + c 
4  4e 

e 4x 1 4e 4x 1
(b)  e4x + 1dx =  4x
dx = ln  e 4x + 1  + c [or use substitution u = e4x ]
4 e +1 4
e2x
(c)  e4x + 1dx
du du
u = e2x  = 2e2x  dx = 2x
dx 2e
e2x du 1 1 1 1
 u 2 + 1  2e2x = 2  u 2 + 1 du = 2 arctanu + c = 2 arctan  e  + c
2x

1
3. [Maximum mark: 8]
Find the integrals

ln x ln x
(a)  x
dx (b)  x
dx [4+4]

Solution

du 1
(a) u = lnx  =  dx = xdu
dx x

lnx u 2 2
 x
dx = 
x
xdu =  u 1/2 du = u 3/2 + c = (lnx) 3/2 + c
3 3

lnx 1
u = lnx u =
 x dx =  x lnxdx
-1/2
(b) x
v  = x -1/2 v = 2x 1/2

1
= 2x 1/2 lnx -  2x 1/2 dx = 2x 1/2lnx - 2  x -1/2 dx
x
= 2x 1/2 lnx - 4x 1/2 + c

4. [Maximum mark: 6]

Calculate 0
5
e5 x cos 5 xdx

Solution
u = cos5x u  = -5sin5x
 e cos5xdx
5x
1
v  = e 5x v = e5x
5

1 5x u = sin5x u  = 5cos5x
= e cos5x +  e5x sin5xdx 1
5 v  = e5x v = e5x
5
1 5x 1
= e cos5x + e5x sin5x -  e5x cos5xdx
5 5
1 5x 1
Hence, I = e cos5x + e5x sin5x - I
5 5
1  1 5x 1 5x  1 5x 1 5x
I=  e cos5x + e sin5x  = e cos5x + e sin5x
2 5 5  10 10

Therefore, the definite integral is

π/5
 1 5x 1 5x   1 π 1 π  1 1 π 1
 10 e cos5x + 10 e sin5x  =  10 e cosπ + 10 e sinπ  - 10 = - 10 e - 10
0

2
5. [Maximum mark: 8]
The table below shows some values of a function f and its derivative f  .

x 0 1 2 3
f ( x) 7 6 5 4
f ( x) 8 9 10 11

(a) Find the gradient of y  ln f ( x) at x  0 [2]

(b) Find the following integrals

f ( x)
2 2
(i) 
0
f ( x)
dx (ii)  xf ( x)dx
1
[6]

Solution

dy f (x) dy f (0) 8
(α) = At x = 0, = =
dx f(x) dx f(0) 7
2 f (x) 2 5
(b) (i)  0 f(x)
dx = lnf(x) 0 = ln5 - ln7 = ln
7
2 2
2 2
(ii)  xf (x)dx = xf (x) 1 -  f (x)dx = 20 - 9 - f(x) 1 = 11 + 1 = 12
1 1

6. [Maximum mark: 8]
Find the integrals
8 8
(a)  ( x  3) 2
4
dx (b)  ( x  3) 2
4
dx [2+6]

Solution

8 8 x -3 x -3
(α)  (x - 3) 2
+4
dx =
2
arctan
2
+ c = 4arctan
2
+c

8 8
(b)  (x - 3) 2
-4
dx =  2
x - 6x + 5
dx

8 A B
Partial fractions: 2
= +  A(x - 1) + B(x - 5) = 8
x - 6x + 5 x - 5 x - 1
For x = 5, 4A = 8  A = 2

For x = 1, -4B = 8  B = -2

Hence, the integral is

 2 2  x -5
  x - 5 + x - 1 dx = 2ln x - 5 - 2ln x - 1 + c = 2ln x -1
+c

3
7. [Maximum mark: 12]

x 36  x 2 dx , by using the substitution u  36  x 2 .

3
(a) Find [5]
6
(b) Find 
0
36  x 2 dx , by using the substitution x  6sin  . [7]

Solution

du du
(a) u = 36 - x 2 = -2x  dx =
dx -2x
du 1 1
x 36 - x 2 dx =  x 3 u = -  x 2 udu = -  (36 - u) udu
3

-2x 2 2
1 3 1
1 5 3
1 5 3
=  ( u 2 - 18u 2 )du = u 2 - 12u 2 ) + c = (36- x 2 ) 2 - 12(36 - x 2 ) 2 + c
2 5 5
dx
(b) x = 6sinθ = 6cosθ  dx = 6cosθdθ
dθ

 36 - x 2 dx =  36 - 36sin2 θ  6cosθdθ = 36  cos 2 θdθ

cos2θ + 1
But cos2θ = 2cos 2 θ - 1  cos 2 θ =
2
The integral is equal to

18  (cos2θ + 1)dθ = 9sin2θ + 18θ + c

Change of limits:

x 0 6

θ 0 π/2

The definite integral is equal to

9sin2θ + 18θ 0
π/2
= (9sinπ + 9π) - 0 = 9π

4
8. [Maximum mark: 14]
The following diagram shows the region R which is bounded by the two axes, the line
10
x  4 and the curve y  .
x 1

(a) Find the area of the region R. [3]

(b) Find the volume of the solid generated when the region R is rotated 2π about
the x -axis. [4]
(c) Show that the volume of the solid generated when the region R is rotated 2π
about the y -axis is (80  20 ln 5)π . [7]

Solution
4
10 4
(a) AREA =  x + 1 dx = 10ln(x + 1) 
0
0
= 10ln5

4 2 4 4
 10  100  100 
(b) VOLUMEx = π  0  x + 1  dx = π 0 (x + 1) 2 dx = -π  x + 1 0 = 80π
10 10 10 10 - y
(c) y=  x +1=  x= -1 =
x +1 y y y

VOLUMEy = (Volume of Cylinder) + (Volume from y=2 to y=10)

Volume 1= πr 2h = π4 2  2 = 32π
2
10
 10 - y  10
100 - 20y + y 2 10
 100 20 
Volume 2= π  2  y  dy = π 2 y 2
dy = π 
2
 2 
 y y
+ 1  dx

10
 100 
= π - -20lny + y  = π -20ln10 + 20ln2 + 48)  = (48 - 20ln5)π
 y 2
TOTAL VOLUME = 32π +(48 - 20ln5)π = (80 - 20ln5)π

5
9. [Maximum mark: 9]
x2
(a) Find  ex
dx [4]

t 2
(b) The velocity of a body moving on a straight line is given by v  t
( m s 1 ).
e
(i) Find the acceleration when t  1 .
(i) Find the displacement and the distance travelled in the first two seconds. [5]
Solution

x -2 u = x -2 u = 1
(a)  ex
dx =  (x - 2)e-x dx
v  = e-x v = -e-x

= -(x - 2)e-x   e-x dx

1- x
= -(x - 2)e-x - e-x + c = (1- x)e-x + c = +c
ex
dv et - (t - 2)et 3 - t
(b) (i) a= = = t .
dt e2t e
2
At t = 1, a =
e2
2 2
t-2 1 - t  1
(ii) Displacement = 0 et dt =  et 0 = - e2 - 1
For the distance travelled: v = 0  t = 2

There is no change of direction in the first two minutes.

Therefore,

1
Distance travelled = 1 +
e2