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Cascading Style Sheets Lecture 1

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of HTML elements on various media. CSS allows for the styling of web pages through inline, internal, and external methods, and includes selectors to target specific HTML elements. It supports various color specifications and enables the management of layout and design across multiple pages efficiently.

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10 views20 pages

Cascading Style Sheets Lecture 1

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of HTML elements on various media. CSS allows for the styling of web pages through inline, internal, and external methods, and includes selectors to target specific HTML elements. It supports various color specifications and enables the management of layout and design across multiple pages efficiently.

Uploaded by

caretronics77
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cascading Style Sheets

CSS

What is CSS?

 CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets


 CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on
screen, paper, or in other media
 CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple
web pages all at once
CSS

Why Use CSS?

 CSS is used to define styles for your web pages, including the design,
layout and variations in display for different devices and screen sizes .

How To Add CSS


 There are three ways of inserting a style sheet
CSS

Three Ways to Insert CSS

 Inline CSS
 Internal CSS
 External CSS
CSS

CSS Syntax
 A CSS rule-set consists of a selector and a declaration block:

 The selector points to the HTML element you want to style.


 The declaration block contains one or more declarations separated by
semicolons.
 Each declaration includes a CSS property name and a value, separated
by a colon.
 Multiple CSS declarations are separated with semicolons, and
declaration blocks are surrounded by curly braces.
CSS

Inline CSS
 To use inline styles, add the style attribute to the relevant element. The
style attribute can contain any CSS property.

Example:

<h1 style="color:blue;">This is a heading</h1>


CSS

Internal CSS
 An internal style sheet may be used if one single HTML page has a unique
style.
 The internal style is defined inside the <style> element, inside the head
section.
Example:
<style>
body {
background-color: linen;
}
h1 {
color: maroon;
}
</style>
CSS

External CSS
 With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire
website by changing just one file!
 Each HTML page must include a reference to the external style
sheet file inside the <link> element, inside the head section.

Example:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="mystyle.css">


SELECTORS
CSS

CSS Selectors
 CSS selectors are used to "find" (or select) the HTML elements you
want to style.

The CSS element Selector


 The element selector selects HTML elements based on the element
name. Example:
p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
CSS

The CSS id Selector


 The id selector uses the id attribute of an HTML element to select a
specific element.
 The id of an element is unique within a page, so the id selector is used
to select one unique element!
 To select an element with a specific id, write a hash (#) character,
followed by the id of the element.

Example:
#para1 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
Note: An id name cannot start with a number!
CSS

The CSS class Selector


 The class selector selects HTML elements with a specific class attribute.
 To select elements with a specific class, write a period (.) character,
followed by the class name.
 HTML elements can also refer to more than one class.

Example:
.center {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
Note: A class name cannot start with a number!
CSS

The CSS Universal Selector


 The universal selector (*) selects all HTML elements on the page.

Example:
*{
text-align: center;
color: blue;
}
Note: A class name cannot start with a number!
CSS

The CSS Grouping Selector


 The grouping selector selects all the HTML elements with the
same style definitions.
 Look at the following CSS code (the h1, h2, and p elements
have the same style definitions):
h1 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}h2 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
CSS

The CSS Grouping Selector


 It will be better to group the selectors, to minimize the code.
 To group selectors, separate each selector with a comma.
Example:
h1, h2, p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
COMMENTS
COLORS
CSS

CSS Color Names


 In CSS, a color can be specified by using a color name

CSS Text Color


 You can set the color of text:
<h1 style="color:Tomato;">Hello World</h1>
CSS

CSS Background Color


 You can set the background color for HTML elements:
<h1 style="background-color:DodgerBlue;">Hello World</h1>

CSS Color Values


 In CSS, colors can also be specified using RGB values, HEX values, HSL
values, RGBA values, and HSLA values:
RGB Value
 rgb(red, green, blue)
HEX Value
 In CSS, a color can be specified using a hexadecimal value in the form:
CSS

HSL Value
 In CSS, a color can be specified using hue, saturation, and lightness
(HSL) in the form

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