Excellent Mathematics-1

Non Routine Mathematics

Target : NMTC/OLYMPIADS
Class - VI
CONTENTS
EXCELLENT MATHEMATICS

Chapter Page
Topic
Target : NMTC/OLYMPIADS

No. No.

1. Number System 1

2. Algebra 29

3. Geometry 47

4. Ratio and Percentage 87

5. Logical Reasoning 101

 © All rights including trademark and copyrights and rights of translation etc. reserved and vested
exclusively with Allen Career Institute®. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, adapted, abridged
or translated, stored in any retrieval system, computer system, photographic or other system or transmitted in any
form or by any means whether electronic, mechanical, digital, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, or
stood in any retrieval system of any nature. Any breach will entail legal action and prosecution without further
notice.
This study material is sold/distributed by Allen Career Institute® subject to the condition and undertaking given
by the student that all proprietary rights (as defined under the Trademark Act, 1999 and Copyright Act, 1957) of
the Study Materials and/or Test Series and/or the contents shall belong to Allen Career Institute's Tests and neither
the Study Materials and/or Test Series and/or the contents nor any part thereof shall be reproduced, modify,
re-publish, sub-license, upload on website, broadcast, post, transmit, disseminate, distribute, sell in market, stored
in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means for reproducing or making multiple copies of it.
Any violation or infringement of the propriety rights of Allen shall be specifically punishable under Section- 29 &
52 of the Trademark Act, 1999 and under Section- 51, 58 & 63 of the Copyright Act, 1957 and any other Act applicable
in India. All disputes are subjected to the exclusive jurisdiction of courts, tribunals and forums at Kota, Rajasthan
only.

Note:- Due care and diligence has been taken while editing and printing this book/study materials. Allen Career Institute shall
not hold any responsibility for any mistake that may have inadvertently crept in. Allen Career Institute shall not be liable for
any direct, consequential or incidental damages arising out of the use of this book.
 Mathematics
ALLEN
1. NUMBER SYSTEM
n System of numbers

Numbers

Real Imaginary

Rational Irrational (Ö2,Ö3 etc.)

N
Integer Fraction Algebraic Transcendental
(Roots of poly) (e, p etc.)

E
Proper Improper Mixed
(1/3, 2/5, 3/8) etc (4/3, 5/2, 6/5 etc.) 1 1
1 ,3 ...., etc.

L
4 15

Whole Numbers Natural numbers Negative numbers Odd Even

L
(0,1,2,...... etc.) (1, 2, 3, .... etc.) (–1, –2, –3, ..... etc.) (±1, ±3, ±5.... etc.) (multiples of 2)

A
Prime Composite Perfect
(2,3,5,7..... etc.) (4,6,8.... etc.) (6,28,.... etc.)

l Natural numbers : Counting numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,.....are known as natural numbers. The set of all natural
numbers can be represented by
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,....}

l Whole numbers : If we include 0 among the natural numbers, then the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.....are called
whole numbers. The set of whole numbers can be represented by
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

W = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,.... }
Clearly, every natural number is a whole number but 0 is a whole number which is not a natural number.

l Integers : All counting numbers and their negatives including zero are known as integers. The set of integers
can be represented by
Z or {....., –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,......}

l Positive integers : The set I+ = {1, 2, 3, 4,....} is the set of all positive integers. Clearly, positive integers and
natural numbers are synonyms.

l Negative integers : The set I–= {....., –3, –2, –1} is the set of all negative integers. 0 is neither positive nor
negative.

l Non-negative integers : The set {0, 1, 2, 3,......} is the set of all non-negative integers.

1
Class VI
ALLEN
p
l Rational numbers : The numbers of the form
q
, where p and q are integers, and q¹0, are known as
4 3 5 0 2
rational numbers, e.g. , , , , – , etc. The set of all rational numbers is denoted by Q.
7 2 8 1 3
ì p ü
i.e. Q = í x : x = q ;p, qÎI, q ¹ 0 ý
î þ
a 0
Since every natural number 'a' can be written as , so 'a' is rational number. Since 0 can be written as and
1 1
a
every non-zero integer 'a' can be written as , so it is also a rational number..
1

Every rational number has a peculiar characteristic that when expressed in decimal form is expressible either
in terminating decimals or non-terminating repeating decimals.

1 1 22 8
For example, = 0.2, = 0.333...., =3.1428714287, = 0.18188 ...., etc.

N
5 3 7 44

The recurring decimals have been given a short notation as

0.333...= 0.3

E
4.1555...= 4.15

L
0.323232...= 0.32
l Irrational numbers : Those numbers which when expressed in decimal form are neither terminating nor

L
repeating decimals are known as irrational numbers, e.g. 2, 3, 5, p etc.

22 22 22
Note, that the exact value of p is not . is rational while p is irrational number.. is approximate
7 7 7

A
value of p. Similarly, 3.14 is not an exact value of it.
l Real numbers : The rational and irrational numbers combined together are called real numbers, e.g.
13 2 3
, , – , 3,4 + 2, etc. are real numbers. The set of real numbers is denoted by R.
21 5 7
Note that, the sum, difference or product of a rational and irrational number is irrational.
2
e.g. 3 + 2,4– 3, – 5,4 3, –7 5 are all irrational.
3
l Even numbers : All those numbers which are exactly divisible by 2 are called even numbers, e.g. 2,6,8,10,
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

etc., are even numbers.

l Odd numbers : All those numbers which are not exactly divisible by 2 are called odd numbers, e.g. 1,3,5,7,
etc, are odd numbers.
l Prime numbers : Except 1 each natural number which is divisible by only 1 and itself is called as prime
number e.g., 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31,.....etc.
} There are total 25 prime numbers upto 100.
} There are total 46 prime numbers upto 200.
} 2 is the only even prime number and the least prime number.
} 1 is neither prime nor composite number.
} There are infinite prime numbers.
} A list of all prime numbers upto 100 is given below.

2
 Mathematics
ALLEN
l Table of Prime Numbers (1-100)

2 11 23 31 41 53 61 71 83 97
3 13 29 37 43 59 67 73 89
5 17 47 79
7 19
l Test to find whether a given number is a prime
} Step 1 Select a least positive integer n such that n 2 > given number.
} Step 2 Test the divisibility of given number by every prime number less than n.
} Step 3 The given number is prime only if it is not divisible by any of these primes.
Ex. Investigate whether 571 is a prime number.
Sol. Since (23)2= 529 < 571 and (24)2 = 576 > 571
\ n=24

N
Prime numbers less than 24 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. Since 571 is not divisible by any of the given
number. Hence, 571 is a prime number.

l Co-prime : A pair of two natural numbers having no common factor, other than 1, is called a pair of co-

E
primes.
For example: (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 6), (7, 9), (6, 7) etc, are co-primes.

L
l Twin primes : Prime numbers differing by 2 are called twin primes, e.g. (3, 5), (5, 7), (11, 13) etc, are called
twin primes.

L
l Prime triplet : A set of three consecutive primes differing by 2, such as (3, 5, 7) is called a prime triplet

"every prime number except 2 is odd but every odd number need not be prime."

A
Fractions
(a) Common fraction : Fractions whose denominator is not 10.
(b) Decimal fraction : Fractions whose denominator is 10 or any power of 10.
3
(c) Proper fraction : Numerator < Denominator i.e. .
5
5
(d) Improper fraction : Numerator > Denominator i.e. .
3
2
(e) Mixed fraction : Consists of integral as well as fractional part i.e. 3 .
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

7
2/3
(f) Compound fraction : Fraction whose numerator and denominator themselves are fractions i.e.
5/7
l Composite numbers : All natural numbers, which are not prime are composite numbers. If C is the set of
composite number than C = {4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12.....}

l Imaginary numbers : All the numbers whose square is negative are called imaginary numbers. e.g. 3i, –

4i,.... where i = –1 .

l Complex numbers : The combined form of real and imaginary numbers is known as complex number.

It is denoted by Z = A + iB, where A is real and B is imaginary part of Z and A, B Î R.

3
Class VI
ALLEN
n Square and Square roots
The second power of number is called the square of that number. In other words the square of a number is the
product of the number with the number itself.
A given number is a perfect square, if it is expressed as a product of pairs of equal factors.
l Important properties
} A natural number having 2, 3, 7 or 8 in the unit's place is never a perfect square (or squared number.)
17, 23, 118, 222 are not perfect squares.
} The square of an even number is always an even number.
22 = 4, 62 = 36, 102 = 100, 122 = 144.
} The square of an odd number is always an odd number.
32 = 9, 72 = 49, 132 = 169, 152 = 225.
} The number of zeroes at the end of a perfect square is never odd.
100, 400, 3600, 640000 are perfect squares and 1000, 4000, 6400000 are not perfect squares.

N
} The square of a natural number n is equal to the sum of the first n odd numbers.
12 = 1 = sum of the first 1 odd number.
22 = 1 + 3 = sum of the first 2 odd numbers.

E
32 = 1 + 3 + 5 = sum of the first 3 odd numbers.
} For every natural number n,

L
(n+1)2 – n2 = (n + 1 + n) (n + 1 – n) = (n + 1) + n
42 – 32 = (3 + 1) + 3 = 7.

L
162 – 152 = (15 + 1) + 15 = 31.
} A perfect square (other than 1) is either a multiple of 3 or exceeds a multiple of 3 by 1.
49 = (7)2= 3 × 16 + 1, 169 = (13)2 = 3 × 56 + 1.

A
} A perfect square (other than 1) is either a multiple of 4 or exceeds a multiple of 4 by 1.
441 = (21)2 = 4 × 110 + 1.
l Some other properties
} If the unit digit of the number is zero then the unit digit of the square of this number will also be zero and the
number of zeroes will be double in the square than that of its root.
e.g., (60)2 = 3600, (130)2 = 16900
} If the unit digit of the number is 5 then the unit digit of its square is also 5 and the number formed by last
two digits is 25.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

e.g., (35)2 = 1225, (45)2 = 2025, (55)2 = 3025 etc.

} If the unit digit of any number is 1 or 9 then the unit digit of the square of its number is always 1.
e.g., (71)2 = 5041, (31)2 = 961, (19)2 = 361
} If the unit digit of any number is 2 or 8 then the unit digit of the square of its number is always 4.
} If the unit digit of any number is 3 or 7 then the unit digit of its square is always 9.
e.g., (23)2 = 529, (27)2 = 729
} If the unit digit of any number is 4 or 6 then the unit digit of its square is always 6.
e.g., (26)2 = 676, (24)2 = 576,
(14)2 = 196, (16)2 = 256 etc.
} The square of any number is always positive irrespective of the nature of the given number.

4
 Mathematics
ALLEN
} Non square numbers between the squares of two consecutive natural numbers n & n +1 ® (n + 1)2 – n2 –
1 = n2 + 1 + 2n – n2 – 1 = 2n
} If a natural number cannot be expressed as a sum of successive odd natural numbers starting with 1, then
it is not a perfect square.
} Square root of a negative integer is an imaginary number.
} Square roots of integers that are not perfect squares are always irrational numbers.
} Every composite number can be uniquely factored as a product of prime numbers only.
(n + 1)
} If a perfect square is of n-digits, then its square root will have n/2 digits if n is even or if n is odd.
2
n Cube and cube roots
Cube of a number is obtained by multiplying the number by itself thrice.
For example, 27 is the cube of 3 as 27 = 3 × 3 × 3.
l Cube root : Cube root of a given number is that number which when raised to the third power produces the

N
given number, that is the cube root of a number x is the number whose cube is x.

The cube root of x is written as 3

x.

E
For example, cube root of 64 is 4 as 4 × 4 × 4 = 64.
l Short-cut method of finding cube roots of exact cubes consisting up to 6 digits:

L
Before we discuss the method to find the cube roots of exact cubes, the following two remarks are very useful
and must be remembered by heart.
13= 1; 23= 8; 33 = 27; 43= 64; 53= 125; 63=216; 73= 343; 83= 512;

L
}
93 = 729; 103=1000.
} If the cube ends in 1, then its cube root ends in 1

A
If the cube ends in 2, then its cube root ends in 8
If the cube ends in 3, then its cube root ends in 7
If the cube ends in 4, then its cube root ends in 4
If the cube ends in 5, then its cube root ends in 5
If the cube ends in 6, then its cube root ends in 6
If the cube ends in 7, then its cube root ends in 3
If the cube ends in 8, then its cube root ends in 2
If the cube ends in 9, then its cube root ends in 9
If the cube ends in 0, then its cube root ends in 0
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

l Clearly from above

1 « 1, 4 « 4, 5 « 5, 6 « 6, 9 « 9, 0 « 0
2 « 8, 3 « 7

l Some other properties

} Cubes of all odd natural numbers are odd.
} Cubes of all even natural numbers are even.
} The cube of a natural number which is a multiple of 3 is a multiple of 27.
} The cube of a natural number which of the form 3n + 1 (e.g., 4, 7,10.........) is also a number of the form 3n + 1.
} The cube of natural number which is of the form 3n + 2 (e.g., 5, 8, 11,.....) is also a number of the form 3n + 2.

5
Class VI
ALLEN
n Squares (short-cut methods)
To square any number ending with 5.

Method : (A5)2 = A(A+1)/25

To square a number in which every digit is one.

Method: Count the number of digits in the given number and start writing numbers in ascending order from
one to this number and then in descending order up to one.
To square number which is nearer to 10x.

Method: Use the formula.

x2 = (x2 – y2) + y2 = (x + y)(x – y) + y2

Ex. Find the squares of following:

Sol. (i) (25)2 = 2 (2 + 1)/25 = 6/25 = 625

N
(ii) (452) = 4 (4 + 1)/25 = 20/25 = 2025
(iii) (85)2 = 8 (8 + 1)/25 = 72/25 = 7225

E
(iv) 112 = 121
(v) 1112 = 12321

L
(vi) 11112 = 1234321

(vii) 2222 = 22(111)2 = 4 (12321) = 49284

L
(viii) 33332 = 32(1111)2 = 9 (1234321) = 11108889

(ix) (97)2 = (97 + 3) (97 – 3) + 32 = 9400 + 9 = 9409

A
(x) (102)2 = (102 – 2) (102 + 2) + 22 = 10400 + 4 = 10404

(xi) (994)2 = (994 + 6) (994 – 6) + 62 = 988000 + 36 = 988036

(xii) (1005)2 = (1005 – 5) (1005 + 5) + 52 = 1010000 + 25 = 1010025

n Multiplication (short-cut methods)

Multiplication of a given number by 9, 99, 999, etc., that is by 10 n–1

Method: Put as many zeroes to the right of the multiplication as there are nines in the multiplier and from the
result subtract the multiplicant and get the answer.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

Ex. Multiply

(i) 3893 by 99 (ii) 4327 by 999 (iii) 5863 by 9999

Solution

(i) 3893 × 99 = 389300 – 3893 = 385407

(ii) 4327 × 999 = 4327000 – 4327 = 4322673

(iii) 5863 × 9999 = 58630000 – 5863 = 58624137

Multiplication of a given number by 11, 101, 1001, etc., that is by 10 n+1.

Method : Place n zeroes to the right of the multiplicant and then add the multiplicant to the number so
obtained.

6
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Ex. Multiply
(i) 4782 × 11 (ii) 9836 × 101 (iii) 6538 × 1001
Solution
(i) 4782 × 11 = 47820 + 4782 = 52602
(ii) 9836 × 101 = 983600 + 9836 = 993436
(iii) 6538 × 1001 = 6538000 + 6538 = 6544538
Multiplication of a given number by 15, 25, 35, etc.
Method: Double the multiplier and then multiply the multiplicant by this new number and finally divide the
product by 2.
Ex. Multiply
(i) 7054 × 15 (ii) 3897 × 25 (iii) 4563 × 35
Solution

1 1
(i) 7054 × 15 = (7054 × 30) = (211620) = 105810

N
2 2

1 1
(ii) 3897 × 25 = (3897 × 50) = (194850) = 97425

E
2 2

1 1

L
(iii) 4563 × 35 = (4563 × 70)= (319410) = 159705
2 2
Multiplication of a given number by 5, 25, 125, 625, etc., that is, by a number which is some

L
power of 5.
Method: Place as many zeroes to the right of the multplicant as in the power of 5 in the multiplier, then divide
the number so obtained by 2 raised to the same power as is the power of 5.

A
Ex. Multiply
(i) 3982 × 5 (ii) 4739 × 25 (iii) 7894 × 125 (iv) 4863 × 625
Solution
39820
(i) 3982 × 5 = = 19910
2

473900 473900
(ii) 4739 × 25 = = = 118475
22 4

7894000 7894000
(iii) 7894 × 125 = = = 986750
23 8
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

48630000 48630000
(iv) 4863 × 625 = = = 3039375
24 16
n Test of divisibility
l Divisibility by 2: A number is divisible by 2 if the unit's digit is zero or divisible by 2.
For example, 4, 12, 30, 18, 102, etc, are all divisible by 2.
l Divisibility by 3: A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of digits in the number is divisible by 3.
For example, the number 3792 is divisible by 3 since 3 + 7 + 9 + 2 = 21, which is divisible by 3.
l Divisibility by 4: A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by the last two digits (ten's digit and unit's
digit) is divisible by 4 or are both zero.
For example, the number 2616 is divisible by 4 since 16 is divisible by 4.

7
Class VI
ALLEN
l Divisibility by 5: A number is divisible by 5 if the unit's digit in the number is 0 or 5.
For example, 13520, 7805, 640, 745, etc. are all divisible by 5.
l Divisibility by 6: A number is divisible by 6 if the number is even and sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
For example, the number 4518 is divisible by 6 since it is even and sum of its digits 4+5+1+8=18 is divisible by 3.
l Divisibility by 7: The unit digit of the given number is doubled and then it is subtracted from the number
obtained after omitting the unit digit. If the remainder is divisible by 7, then the given number is also divisible by 7.
For example, consider the number 448. On doubling the unit digit 8 of 448 we get 16.
Then, 44–16 = 28.
Since 28 is divisible by 7, 448 is divisible by 7.
l Divisibility by 8: A number is divisible by 8, if the number formed by the last 3 digits is divisible by 8.
For example, the number 41784 is divisible by 8 as the number formed by last three digits i.e. 784 is
divisible by 8.
l Divisibility by 9: A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
For example, the number 19044 is divisible by 9 as the sum of its digits 1 + 9 + 0 + 4 + 4 = 18 is divisible by 9.

N
l Divisibility by 10: A number is divisible by 10, if ends in zero.
For example, the last digit of 580 is zero, therefore 580 is divisible by 10.

E
l Divisibility by 11: A number is divisible by 11, if the difference of the sum of the digits at odd places and
sum of the digits at even places is either zero or divisible by 11.
For example, in the number 38797, the sum of the digits at odd places is 3 + 7 + 7 = 17 and the sum of

L
the digits at even places is 8 + 9 = 17. The difference is 17 – 17=0, so the number is divisible by 11.
l Divisibility by 12: A number is divisible by 12 if it is divisible by 3 and 4.

L
l Divisibility by 25: A number is divisible by 25 if the number formed by the last two digits is divisible by 25
or last two digits are zero.
For example, the number 13675 is divisible by 25 as the number formed by the last two digits is 75 which

A
is divisible by 25.
l Divisibility by 125: A number is divisible by 125 if the number formed by the last three digits is divisible
by 125 or the last three digits are zero.
For example, the number 5250 is divisible by 125 as 250 is divisible by 125.
l Divisibility by 18: An even number satisfying the divisibility test of 9 is divisible by 18.
l Divisibility by 88: A number is divisible by 88 if it is divisible by 11 and 8.
n Numbers of factors of a given number
Number of factors (or divisors) of a given number (composite number)
Let us assume a composite number say 24 then find the number of factors.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

24 = 1 × 24
2 × 12
3× 8
4 ×6
We see that there are total 8 factors namely,
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.
Let there be a composite number N and its prime factors be a, b, c, d,....... etc and p,q, r,s...etc. be the indices
(or powers) of the a, b, c, d..... etc. respectively i.e., if N can be expressed as
N = ap. bq.cr. ds...
then, the number of total divisors or factors of N is
(p+1) (q+1) (r+1) (s+1)......

8
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Ex. Find the total number of factors of 540.
(1) 24 (2) 20 (3) 30 (4) None of these
Sol. 540 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5
540 = 22 × 33 × 51
Therefore total number of factors of 540 is
(2+1) (3+1) (1+1) = 24

n Cyclicity
We are having 10 digits in our number systems and some of them shows special characteristics like they,
repeat their unit digit after a cycle, for example 1 repeat its unit digit after every consecutive power. So its
cyclicity is 1 on the other hand digit 2 repeat its unit digit after every fourth power, hence the cyclicity of 2 is
four. The cyclicity of digits are as follows
Digit Cyclicity
0, 1, 5 and 6 1

N
4 and 9 2
2, 3, 7 and 8 4
So, if we want to find last digit of 245, divide 45 by 4. The remainder is 1 so the last digit of 2 45 would be same

E
as the last digit of 21 which is 2.
l To Find the Unit Digit in Exponential Expression:

L
} Where there is 2 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 21 unit digit is 2, in 22 unit digit is 4, in 23 unit digit is 8, in 24 unit digit is 6, after that the unit's

L
digit repeats e.g. unit digit (12)12 is equal to the unit digit of 24 i.e. 6
e.g., In (32)33 unit digit is equal to the unit digit of 21 i.e. 2.
} When there is 3 in unit's place of any number.

A
Since, in 31 unit digit is 3, in 32 unit digit is 9, in 33 unit digit is 7, in 34 unit digit is 1, after that the unit's
digit repeats.
e.g., In (43)46 unit digit is 9.
} When there is 4 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 41 unit digit is 4, in 42 unit digit is 6, after that the unit's digit repeats.
e.g., In (34)14 unit digit is 6.
e.g., In (34)33 unit digit is 4.
} When there is 5 in unit's place of any number.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

Since , in 51 unit digit is 5, in 52 unit digit is 5 and so on.

e.g., In (25)15 unit digit is 5.
} When there is 6 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 61 unit digit is 6, in 62 unit digit is 6 & so on.
e.g., In (46)13 unit digit is 6.
} When there is 7 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 71 unit digit is 7, in 72 unit digit is 9, in 73 unit digit is 3, in 74 unit digit is 1, after that the unit's
digit repeats.
e.g., In (57)9 unit digit is 7.
e.g., In (97)9 unit digit is 7.

9
Class VI
ALLEN
} When there is 8 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 81 unit digit is 8, in 82 unit digit is 4, in 83 unit digit is 2, in 84 unit is 6, after that unit's digit
repeats after a group of 4.
} When there is 9 in unit's place of any number.
Since, in 91 unit digit is 9, in 92 unit digit is 1, after that unit digit repeats after a group of 2.
} When there is zero in unit's place of any number.
There will always be zero in unit's place.
Ex. (a) Find the last digit of
(i) 357
(ii) 1359
57
Sol. (i) The cyclicity of 3 is 4. Hence, gives the remainder 1. So the last digit of 357 is same as the last digit
4
of 31, i.e. 3.

N
(ii) The number of digits in the base will not make a difference to the last digit. It is last digit of the base
59
which decides the last digit of the number itself. For 1359, we find which gives a remainder 3. So the
4

E
last digit of 1359 is same as the last digit of 33, i.e. 7.
(b) Find the last digit of the product 723 × 813.

L
Sol. Both 7 and 8 exhibit a cyclicity of 4, the last digit are
71 = 7 81 = 8

L
72 = 9 82 = 4
73 = 3 83 = 2
74 = 1 84 = 6

A
75 = 7 85 = 8
The cycle would repeat itself for higher powers. 7 23 ends with the same last digit as 73, i.e. 3.
813 ends with the same last digit as 81, i.e. 8. Hence, the product of the two numbers would end with the same
last digit as that of 3 × 8, i.e. 4.
(c) Find unit's digit in y = 717 + 734
Sol. 717 + 734 = 71 + 72 = 56, hence the unit digit is 6. CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

10
 Mathematics
ALLEN
NUMBER SYSTEM SOLVED EXAMPLES
1. One can easily see that if a perfect square n2 is divisible by a prime p then it is also divisible by p 2. For example
any square integer that is divisible by 7 is also divisible by 49. Can a number written with 200 zeroes 200 ones
and 200 twos be a perfect square?
Sol. Consider a number N written with 200 zeroes, 200 ones and 200 twos. The sum of the digits of this number
(written in decimal scale) is 200 + 2(200) = 600. So N is divisible by the prime number 3. But it is not divisible
by 9. Hence no such N is a perfect square. The answer is NO.
2. The positive integers a and b satisfy 23a = 32b. Can a + b be a prime number? Justify your answer.
Sol. Now, 23a = 32b implies that a = 32m for some integer m (since 23 is a prime). Also 23a = 32b implies that
23 × 32 x m = 32b. This means that b = 23m. Therefore,
a + b = 32m + 23m = 55 m.
In other words, 55 divides a + b and a + b is not a prime.

N
3. Find all positive even integers less than 50. Which can be written as a sum of three consecutive
integer and find the sum of all these integers.

E
Sol. The sum of even, odd, even is odd and sum of odd, even, odd is even. To get an even sum, the three consecutive
integers are odd, even, odd (or) should start with odd. Hence we have

L
1+2+3=6

3 + 4 + 5 is 6 + 6 = 12, since 3 is 2 more than 1, 4 is 2 more than 2 and 5 is 2 more than 3.

|

L
more

\ 5 + 6 + 7 is 6 more than 3 + 4 + 5. Hence we get all multiples of 6 less than 50. They are
6,12,18,24,30,36,42,48. Their sum is 216.

A
4. Two four digit numbers abcd and efgh are constructed using the digits from 1 to 8. [a,b,c,d,e,f,g and h are the digits
of the two four digit numbers} It is found that abcd × 2 = efgh. Find the numbers.
Sol. Given abcd × 2 = efgh. And abcd, efgh are 4 digit numbers constructed from digits 1 to 8.
None of the values of a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h can be 0 or 9.
As it is not mentioned that the digits are different (or) all the digits are used, it should be noted that digits may
repeat.
In such case, there will be plenty of solutions. The smallest such abcd is 1111. Its corresponding efgh is 2222.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

The largest abcd will be 4444. Its corresponding efgh is 8888.

Only certain 4-digit numbers from 1111 to 4444 satisfy abcd and we have the respective efgh's.
The conditions are:
(i) d ¹ 5. Otherwise h = 0.

(ii) cd ¹ 46,47,48. Otherwise g = 9.

(iii) cd ¹ 51,52,53,54. Otherwise g = 0.

(iv) bcd ¹ 456 to 554 otherwise. f = 9 or f (or) g = 0.

(v) a ¹ 5,6,7.8. Otherwise efgh will not be 4-digit number.

One solution where all a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h are different is (1764) × 2 = (3528).

11
Class VI
ALLEN
630
5. Find all values of natural number n, for which is also a natural number..
2n - 1

630
Sol. Given should be a natural number
2n - 1
For 'n' being natural
\ (2n – 1) should be an odd factor of 630
As 630 = 2 × 32 × 5 × 7, the odd factors of 630 are 1,3,5,7,9,15,21,35,45,63,105,315

2n - 1 1 3 5 7 9 15 21 35
1+1 3+1 5 +1
n =1 =2 =3 4 5 8 11 18
2 2 2

2n - 1 45 63 105 315
n 45 + 1 / 2 = 23 32 53 158

N
\ Values of 'n' are 1,2,3,4,5,8,11,18,23,32,53 and 158.
6. In the addition sum beside, different letters stand for different digits. Find what each letter stands for. Find at

E
least two solutions
NET
TEN

L
END

L
Sol. N + T < 10. Otherwise, the result is a 4-digit number.
\ There's no carry over in the ten's place value.
As E,D are different, there must be a carry over '1' in the hundred's place value. (The sum of single digits is

A
maximum 18 and cannot be a carry over > 1).
N E T NET
+T +E +N + TEN

E 10 + N D END
N + T + 1 = E ; E + E = 10 + N ; T + N = D
N + T + 1 + N + T + 1 = 10 + N Þ N + 2T = 8
\ N must be even

Let N = 2,T = 3 Þ D = 5 Þ E = 6 i.e. (1)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

263
+3 6 2
625
Let N = 4, T = 2 Þ D = 5, E = 7 i.e. (1)
472
+2 7 4
746

Also N = 6,T = 1 Þ D = 7,E = 8 Þ (1)

681
+1 8 6
867

12
 Mathematics
ALLEN
7. There are 144 green balls and 216 blue balls. The balls are packed in boxes in such a way that every box
contains the same number of balls and every box contains balls of the same colour. What is the minimum number
of boxes required? Can you pack the balls in
(a) 10 boxes
(b) 12 boxes?
Given reason for your answer.
Sol. Every box should contain same number of balls. Each box should contain number of balls which is a common
factor of 144 and 216.
The common factors of 144, 216 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72. Lesser the number of boxes,
more the number of balls in each box (72 balls in each box).

\ The minimum number of boxes required

N
144 216
= +
72 72

E
=2+3=5
[i.e. 2 boxes 72 green balls each, 3 boxes of 72 blue balls each]

L
It is possible to pack the balls in 10 boxes as follows : 4 boxes of 36 green balls each, 6 boxes of 36 blue balls
each.

L
It is not possible to pack the balls in 12 boxes as 30 is not a common factor of 144, 216.
(i.e. 12 boxes of 30 balls each will contain some boxes of blue and green balls together)
8. A three digit number has the following properties

A
(a) It is divisible by 5.
(b) None of the digits is zero.
(c) When the number is written in the reverse order it is divisible by 6.

Find all such three digit numbers. Find their sum and all the prime divisors of the Sum.
Sol. We know that any number divisible by 5 should end up with either 5 or 0.
So, the three digit number has the unit digit 5 or 0.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

As per condition (b) none of the digits is zero.

\ The unit digit of the three digit number is 5.

Now consider the number got by reversing the digits. Since it is divisible by 6, it must be divisible by 2, thus
its units place must be even.
Thus in the original number hundreds place must be even.
Since it is divisible by 6, the sum of the digits of such numbers must be a multiple of 3.

Thus the numbers are 225, 255, 285, 435, 465, 495, 615, 645, 675, 825, 855 and 885.
Sum of all these numbers m 6660 = 22 × 32 × 5 × 37.
Prime divisors are 2,3,5 and 37.

13
Class VI
ALLEN
9. A B C
+ A C B
C 4 A
Each letter stands for a digit A ¹ 0 ; C ¹ 0 find (A + B + C).
Sol. Case (1) No carry over In the tens place.
Then C + B = A in the units place.
O + B + C = 4 in the tens place,
\A=4
A + A = C in the hundreds place.
\C=A+4=8
But 8 + B = 4 has no single digit value for B.
\ No solution in this case.
Case (2) Carry over 1 in the tens place.

N
C + B = 10 + A in the units place.
1 + B + C = 10 + 4 in the tens place.

E
\ B + C = 13 Þ A = 3
\ 1 + A + A = C in the hundreds place.

L
ÞC=l+3+3=7
Þ 7 + B = 10 + 3 Þ B = 6

L
\ A = 3, B = 6, C = 7 is the only solution.
\ A + B + C = 16
(Verification : 367 + 376 = 743)

A
10. A 40 digit number has the following properties
(a) None of the digits is 0,5,6,7,8, or 9.
(b) Sum of the digits is less than or equal to 99.
What is the maximum number of times the digit 4 can appear in the 40 digit number?
Sol. If there are 24 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 96 and the remaining 16 digits should give a sum
3, which is impossible without digit '0'.
If there are 23 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 92 and the remaining 17 digits should give a sum
7, which is impossible without digit '0'.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

If there are 22 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 88 and the remaining 18 digits should give a sum
11, which is impossible without digit '0'.
If there are 21 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 84 and the remaining 19 digits should give a sum
15, which is impossible without digit '0'.
If there are 20 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 80 and the remaining 20 digits should give a sum
19, which is impossible without digit '0'.
If there are 19 digit 4's, then the sum of digit 4's alone is 76 and the remaining 21 digits should give a sum
23, which is possible with 20 digit in 1 and a digit '3'.

44.......411.......13
e.g. 1424 31
19 digits
424 3 is such a 40 digit number
20 digits

\ Max number of digit 4 can appear = 19.

14
 Mathematics
ALLEN
11. These are 5 boxes, each box containing number cards as shown. Cards are romoved from each box so that
at the end each box contains only one card and different boxes contain different cards. The card remaining
in Box (1) is

11 22
11 33 55 11
33 11
55 44 44
44 55

Sol. Since box 5 contains exactly one card with number 11, in it, from box 4, card with number 11 should be removed.
So that box four contains card with number 44 on it. thus from boxes 3,2 and one, the cards with number 44,11
and 55,11, 33, 55 and 44 should be removed respectively. So box one finally contains card with number 22
in it.
12. The sum of the digits of a four digit number is 3. The difference between the biggest and the smallest of these
numbers is

N
(1) 1998 (2) 1989 (3) 1899 (4) 1809
Sol. Four digit numbers with sum of the digits 3 are
(1)3000 (2)2100 (3)2010 (4)2001

E
(5)1200 (6)1020 (7)1002 (8)1110
(9)1101 (10)1011

L
The difference between the biggest and the smallest of these numbers is 3000-1011=1989.
13. n is a two digit number. P(n) is the product of the digits of n and S(n) is the sum of the digits of n . If n = p(n)
+ s(n) then the units digit of n is-

L
Sol. Let n = [ab] = 10a + b
p(n) = a × b
S(n) = a + b

A
n = a ×b + a + b
Þ 10a + b = ab + a + b
10a = ab + a
9a = ab
Þ 9 = b.
\ units digit is 9.
14. The difference between the biggest and the smallest three digit numbers each of which has different digits is___.
Sol. The biggest three digit number with different digits is 987 The smallest three digit number with different digits
is 102 The difference between these two numbers is 885.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

15. A box contains 100 balls of different colours: 28 Red, 17 Blue, 21 Green, 10 white, 12 Yellow and 12 Black.
The smallest number of balls drawn from the box so that at least 15 balls are of the same colour is
(1) 73 (2)77 (3) 81 (4) 85
Sol. When a person starts taking the balls without seeing the colour he/she may get the following combination:
10 White
12 Yellow
12 Black
14 Red
14 Blue
14 Green
Now only Red, Blue and Green balls are remaining. If the person taken any one of these balls then 15 balls
of the same colour be obtained.
.'. The minimum number of balls to be taken is 77 when we want 15 balls of the same colour to be obtained.

15
Class VI
ALLEN
16. The tens digit of a four digit number is an even prime. The number is divisible by 5. The other digits are all
prime numbers and all the digits are distinct. The sum of all such four digit numbers is___.
Sol. Let the number be abcd.
Given that C = 2. 1
Since the number is divisible by 5, d = 5 or 0. The digits are distinct and all are primes the other two single
digit primes are 3 and 7.
The numbers are 3725, 7325
Sum of the numbers 3725
7325
—————
11050

E N
L L
A CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

16
 Mathematics
ALLEN
NUMBER SYSTEM EXERCISE
1. Aruna has a piece of cloth measuring 128 cm by 72 cm. She wants to cut it into square pieces. The greatest
possible size of the square that she can cut is
(1) 6 cm by 6 cm (2) 8 cm by 8 cm (3) 9 cm by 9 cm (4) 12 cm by 12 cm
2. When 26 is divided by a positive integer n, the remainder is 2. The sum of all the possible values of n is
(1) 57 (2) 60 (3) 45 (4) 74
3. Samrud, Saket, Slok, Vishwa and Arish have different amounts of money in Rupees, each an odd number which
is less than 50. The largest possible sum of these amounts (in Rupees) is
(1) 229 (2) 220 (3) 250 (4) 225
4. Mahadevan used his calculator (which he rarely uses) to multiply a number by 2. But by mistake he multiplied
by 20. To obtain the correct result he must
(1) divide by 20 (2) divide by 40 (3) multiply by 10 (4) multiply by 0.1
5. a4273b is a six digit number in which a and b are digits. This number is divisible by 72. Then

N
(1) b – 2a = 0 (2) a – 2b = 0 (3) 2a – b = 4 (4) a + b = 13
6. P and Q are natural numbers. If 25 × P × 18 = Q × 15. The smallest value of P + Q is

E
(1) 61 (2) 21 (3) 41 (4) 31
7. The thousands digit in the multiplication 111111 × 11111 is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

L
8. The sum of the present ages of 5 brothers is 120 years. How many years ago was the sum of their ages 80
years ?

L
(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 8 (4) 9
9. Laxman starts counting backwards from 100 by 7's. He begins 100, 93, 86 ..., Which number will not come
in his countdown ?

A
(1) 65 (2) 30 (3) 23 (4) 15
10. Jingle has six times as much money as Bingle. Dingle has twice as much money as Bingle. Pingle has six times
as much many as Dingle. Pingle has ______ many times as much money as Jingle.
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
11. If the previous month is July, then the month 21 months from now is _________.
(1) July (2) April (3) June (4) May
12. The sum of all natural numbers less than 45 which are not divisible by 3 is _________.
(1) 630 (2) 315 (3) 675 (4) 990
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

13. How many two digit numbers greater than 10 are there, which are divisible by 2 and 5 but not by or 25?
(1) 3 (2) 12 (3) 7 (4) 2
14. The number of 3 digit even numbers that can be written using the digit 0, 3, 6 without repetition is
(1) 6 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 2
15. When 1000 single digit non-zero numbers are added, the units place is 5. The maximum carry over in this case
is
(1) 495 (2) 895 (3) 899 (4) 995
16. 4ab5 is a four digit number divisible by 55 where a, b are unknown digits. Then b – a is
(1) 1 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 0
17. The sum of the reciprocals of all the divisors of 6 is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) less than 2 (4) greater than 2

17
Class VI
ALLEN
18. The number of pairs of two digit square numbers, the sum or difference of which are also square numbers is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
19. The number of 3 digit numbers which end in 7 and are divisible by 11 is
(1) 1 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
20. In a six digit number 5 digit are prime numbers. The sum of all the digits is 24. The 2nd, 3rd and 5th digits
are identical and the others are distinct digits. The number is divisible by 4. The last digit of the number is
(1) 2 or 4 (2) 4 or 6 (3) 4 or 6 or 8 (4) 2 or 6 or 8
21. How many positive integers less than 100 can be written as the sum of 9 consecutive positive integers?
(1) 11 (2) 9 (3) 7 (4) 5
22. What is the first digit of the smallest number whose sum of the digits is 2007 ?
(1) 9 (2) 8 (3) 3 (4) 2
23. The product of two integers is 27. 33. 55. 73. Then the sum of the two numbers may be divisible by
(1) 16 (2) 9 (3) 25 (4) 49
24. The number of prime numbers less than 100 whose sum of the digits is 2 is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

N
25. If all the divisors of 128 are arranged in ascending order the sixth divisor is
(1) 16 (2) 64 (3) 32 (4) 128

E
1 2 3 9 10
26. Consider the fractions , , ,... , . The number of these fractions which are irreducible is
10 9 8 2 1

L
(1) 10 (2) 8 (3) 6 (4) 4
27. Mala, Devi, Sita, Emma and Kala are sitting in a park. Mala is not sitting on the farthest right and Devi is not
sitting on the farthest left. Sita is not sitting at either the farthest left or farthest right. Kala is not sitting next

L
to Sita and Sita is not sitting next to Devi. Emma is sitting to the right of Devi but not necessarily next to her.
Which girl is sitting farthest to the right ?
(1) Devi (2) Sita (3) Emma (4) Kala

A
28. The natural numbers are written as below following some rule 1, 3, 6, 10, ...The tenth number is
(1) 55 (2) 56 (3) 57 (4) 58
29. a and b are two primes of the form p and p + 1, and M = aa + bb ; N = ab + ba then
(1) M and N are composite (2) M is a prime but N is composite
(3) M and N are primes (4) M is composite, N is prime
30. a, b, c are any three of the first four prime numbers, n = a2bc. The biggest and the smallest value of n are
respectively :
(1) (1035, 50) (2) (735, 60) (3) (525, 50) (4) None of these
31. A number when divided by 899 gives a remainder 63. What remainder will be obtained by dividing the same
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

number of 29?
(1) 5 (2) 18 (3) 19 (4) 21
32. A 2009 digit number is multiplied by 54. The last two digits of the product are 6 and 8 in this order. If the
same number is multiplied by 46, the last two digits are
(1) 0, 9 (2) 8, 6 (3) 3, 2 (4) cannot be found
33. One hundred flowers were kept in 4 baskets. After some time 4, 5, 3 and 8 flowers were taken out from the
first, second, third and fourth baskets respectively. Now all the 4 baskets have the same number of flowers.
The number of flowers in the fourth basket at the beginning was
(1) 28 (2) 25 (3) 23 (4) 24
34. To open a safe, some three digit code needs to be used. It is known that only three digits 0, 1, 2, exist in this
code. The sum of the digits used in the code should be 2. The number of ways this code can be set is
(1) 3 (2) 6 (3) 9 (4) 12

18
 Mathematics
ALLEN
35. The number 52, 32, 12, 43, 25, 18, 56, 36, 16, 50 are grouped in pairs in such a way that the sum of each
pair is the same. The number paired with 18 is
(1) 52 (2) 50 (3) 43 (4) 36
36. A student is ranked 9th from the top and 38th from the bottom in a class. The number of students in the class
is
(1) 45 (2) 46 (3) 47 (4) 48
37. If the sum of two consecutive odd numbers is 2004, then the smaller of the two numbers could be
(1) 2001 (2) 1001 (3) 1003 (4) 1
38. The sum of nine consecutive whole numbers is 99. The largest of these integers is
(1) 19 (2) 15 (3) 17 (4) 21
39. The adjacent number pyramid is formed by filling up each unshaded square with the sum of the two numbers
connected to it from the row below. (Thus 5 is obtained by adding 3 and 2). The top number obtained at the
end is 45. The value of X is
(1) 6

N
45
(2) 9
(3) 17 5

E
7 x 3 2
(4) 12
40. How many times should 2002 be subtracted from 112113 to get remainder 2003 ?

L
(1) 53 (2) 55 (3) 65 (4) 68
41. If 8 is subtracted from twice the cube of 5, then the result is not divisible by

L
(1) 121 (2) 11 (3) 2 (4) 3
42. In the addition problem given, letters A, B, C stand for distinct digits. The values of A, B, C are respectively,
(1) 1, 9, 8 A A

A
(2) 1, 8, 9 + B B
+ C C
(3) 1, 7, 9 A B C
(4) 1, 9, 7

a b c
+ c b a
43. If a, b, c are consecutive number in the increasing order such that then a cannot be equal to
x x x

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

× 7D
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

44. In the multiplication shown, D is a single digit. The value of D should be D2

6396
(1) 8 (2) 6 (3) 9 (4) 3
45. In the given multiplication, 3 a
a and b are natural numbers. × b 2
Then a + b is :- 7 0
(1) 5 (2) 6 140
1470
(3) 8 (4) 9
46. Five of the six numbers 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 when multiplied gives 19305. The sixth number that is not needed
among the given numbers is
(1) 3 (2) 7 (3) 11 (4) 13

19
Class VI
ALLEN
47. Given 1x6y7 is a five-digit number divisible by 9. The number of ordered pairs (x, y) satisfying this is
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 8 (4) 11
48. If 0 < a < b < c < d where (a, b, c, d) are positive integers, which among the following has least value ?

a+b a+d c+d b+d

(1) (2) (3) (4)
c+d b+c a+b a+c
49. If [3(230 + x)]2 = 492a04, then a + x is
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 12 (4) 16
50. Plastic numbers are prepared for issuing tokens in a cycle stand, starting from number 1 and ending at 100.
How many plastic digits of 8 will be used for this ?
(1) 20 (2) 19 (3) 18 (4) 11
51. A die (cubic in shape) has numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 on it. Two such identical dice are rolled and the scores
on their tops are added. How many different answers are possible ?
(1) 6 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 12

N
52. Mahabir drove 5 km west, then 7 km south, then 4 km west then 18 km north and then 9 km east. How far
is he now from his starting place ?
(1) 11 km (2) 4 km (3) 14 km (4) 9 km

E
1 1
53. Which fraction is between and ?

L
4 5

1 1 9 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)

L
3 20 40 6
54. How many whole numbers less than 100 satisfy all the following conditions ?
(i) If divided by 3, the remainder is 1.

A
(ii) If divided by 5, the remainder is 1.
(iii) If divided by 7, the remainder is 0.
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 91 (4) 15
55. When a number n is divided by 10,000, the quotient is 1 and the remainder is 2011. The quotient and re-
mainder when n is divided by 2011 are respectively.
(1) 4, 1936 (2) 5, 1956 (3) 4, 0 (4) 5, 0
56. The sum of all four digit numbers formed by using all the four digits of the number 2011 (including this number)
is
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

(1) 10877 (2) 12666 (3) 10888 (4) 12888

57. a, b where a > b are natural numbers each less than 10 such that (a2 – b2) is prime number. The number of
such pairs (a, b) is
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 8
58. The number of three digit numbers that are divisible by 2 but not divisible by 4 is
(1) 200 (2) 225 (3) 250 (4) 450
59. The least number which when divided by 25, 40 and 60 leaves a remainder 7 in each case is
(1) 607 (2) 1007 (3) 807 (4) 507
60. Consider the numbers 2,3,4,5. Form two digit numbers of different digits using these numbers. How many of
them are odd ?
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

20
 Mathematics
ALLEN
61. A is the sum of all even three digit numbers in which all the three digits are equal. B is the sum of all odd three

B
digit numbers in which all the digits are equal. The value of is.
A

5 4 6 7
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 3 5 6

62. 21 rose plants, 42 sunflower plants and 56 dalia plants have to be planted in rows such that each row contains
the same number of plants of one variety only. The minimum number of rows in which the above plants may
be planted is

(1) 3 (2) 15 (3) 17 (4) 21

63. n is a natural number such that (n + 1) (n + 2) (n + 3) = 201320132013. Then

(1) n is a two digit number (2) n is a three digit number

N
(3) No such n exists (4) n is a single digit number ending

64. The first and the third digit of a five digit number d6a41 are the same. If the number is divisible by 9, the sum

E
of its digits is

(1) 18 (2) 36 (3) 25 (4) 27

L
65. A three digit decimal number abc may be expressed as 100a + 10b + c where each of the digits is multiplied
by its respective place value and subsequently summed. If a = b = c and a > 0, which of the following numbers

L
must be a factor of he three digit number abc ?

(1) 35 (2) 36 (3) 37 (4) 39

66. Find out which of the following has the smallest digit in the unit place ?

A
(1) 253 (2) 252 (3) 251 (4) 250

67. If the counting starts at page 1, then the total number of digits used to number the pages of my math book
could be

(1) 1997 (2) 1998 (3) 1999 (4) 2000

68. (i) Which of the following numbers is the smallest ?

(1) 2600 (2) 3500 (3) 4400 (4) 6200

(ii) How many digits are there when 416 525 is expanded.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

(1) 25 (2) 28 (3) 30 (4) 35

(iii) What is the last digit of 71024 ?

(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 9 (4) 7

69. Which of the following number is even?
(1) 2 + 0 + 0 + 9 (2) 200 – 9 (3) 200 × 9 (4) 200 + 9
70. How many Natural numbers lie between 2.009 and 23.03?
(1) 20 (2) 21 (3) 22 (4) 23
71. What is the minimum number of digits that must be removed from the number 12323314, so that the resulting
number is the same when read from either left to right or right to left?
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

21
Class VI
ALLEN

72.

The different digits are build using sticks as shown. The "weight" of a number describes the number of sticks
used to build it. How heavy is the heaviest two digit number?
(1) 11 (2) 12 (3) 13 (4) 14
73. Eight cards that are numbered 1 to 8 are inside two boxes A and B so that the sum of the cards in both boxes
is identical. If there are exactly 3 cards in box A then which of the following statements is definitely true:
(1) Three cards in B are odd numbers.
(2) Four cards in B are even numbers.

N
(3) The card numbered 1 is not in B.
(4) The card numbered 2 is in B.

E
74. Arun, Bharat, Chandan and Devesh (but not necessarily in this order) are ranked one to four in a fencing tour-
nament. If you add Arun's, Bharat's and Devesh's rank, your total is 6. You obtain the same number if you add

L
Bharat's and Chandan's rank. Who won the tournament, if Bharat did better than Arun?
(1) Arun (2) Bharat (3) Chandan (4) Devesh

L
75. The rooms in a hotel are numbered with three digit numbers each. The first digit determines the floor and the
last two digits the number of the room on each floor; e.g. room 125 is on the 1st floor, room number 25. The
hotel has 5 floors (from 1 to 5) and 35 rooms on each floor, i.e. on the 1st floor you have room numbers 101
to 135 etc. How often does the digit 2 appear in all room numbers of the hotel?

A
(1) 65 times (2) 95 times (3) 100 times (4) 105 times
76. Which of the following expressions has a value that differs from the others?

(1) (20¸10) × 20 × 10 (2) 20 × 10 × (20¸10)

(3) 20 × 10 + 10 × 20 (4) (20¸10) · 20+10

77. Sumit chooses a number, divides it by 7, adds 7 to the result and multiplies that result with 7. He obtains the
number 777. Which number did he start with?
(1) 111 (2) 722 (3) 567 (4) 728
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

78. Amit wants to paint the word KANGAROO. He begins on Wednesday and paints one letter each day. On which
day will he paint the last letter?
(1) Monday (2) Tuesday (3) Wednesday (4) Thursday
79. In Crazytown the houses on the right hand side of the street all have odd numbers. The Crazytowners don't use
any numbers with the digit 3 in them. The first house on the right hand side has the number 1. Which number
does the fifteenth house on the right hand side have?

(1) 41 (2) 43 (3) 45 (4) 47

80. The date 01-03-05 (1st March 2005) has three consecutive odd numbers. This is the first day in the 21st Century
with this property. How many days with this property are there in total in the 21st Century?

(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 16 (4) 13

22
 Mathematics
ALLEN
81. All the four digit numbers with the same digits as 2011 (i.e. 0, 1, 1, 2) are written in a row in ascending order.
What is the difference between the two numbers that are next to 2011 in this list?
(1) 890 (2) 891 (3) 900 (4) 909
82. Sunil wanted to multiply a whole number by 301, but forgot to include the zero and multiplied by 31 instead.
His answer was 372. What should his answer have been?
(1) 3010 (2) 3612 (3) 3702 (4) 3720
83. 10 children are at a judo club. Their teacher has 80 sweets. If he gives each girl the same amount of sweets,
there are three sweets left over. How many boys are at the club?
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
84. Numbers are to be built using only the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in such a way that each digit is only used once
in each number. How many of these numbers will have the following property; The first digit is divisible by one,
The first 2 digits make a number which is divisible by 2, the first 3 digits make a number which is divisible by
three, the first 4 digits make a number which is divisible by 4 and all 5 digits make a number which is divisible
by 5.
(1) It's not possible (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 5

N
85. Which answer completes the addition tree?

2 0 1 3

E
+ +

L
+
?

L
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6
86. In the following sum the same digit is used in each square: WW ´ W = 176
Which digit must be used so that the sum is correct?

A
(1) 6 (2) 4 (3) 7 (4) 9
87. The number 36 has the following property: 36 can be divided by its units digit without a remainder (36 is divisible
by 6). With the number 38 this doesn't work. How many numbers between 20 and 30 have the same property
as 36?
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5
88. How many different subtraction sums between two digit numbers are there, which have the answer 50?
(1) 40 (2) 30 (3) 50 (4) 60
89. If you start with three numbers, the 'addition machine' produces three new ones by adding together each pair
of two. For instance from the numbers {3, 4, 6} the addition machine makes {10, 9, 7}. If you use the addition
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

machine again these numbers become {16,17,19}. We feed the three numbers {20,1, 3} into the addition machine
and let the machine calculate 2013 times. What is the biggest possible difference between two of the three
resulting numbers?
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 17 (4) 19
90. In the addition sum to the right, three digits have been replaced with stars. How big is the sum of the three
missing digits?

1 * 2
+ 1 * 3
+ 1 * 4
3 0 9

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3

23
Class VI
ALLEN
91. How big is the difference between the smallest five-digit and the biggest four-digit number?
(1) 1 (2) 10 (3) 1111 (4) 9000
92. If the three digits of a three-digit number are multiplied you get 135. Which result to you get, by adding the
three digits?
(1) 14 (2) 15 (3) 16 (4) 17
93. Kiara writes three single-digit numbers on the board. Varun adds them and gets 15. Then he deletes one of
the three numbers and replaces it with the number 3. Sara multiplies these three numbers and obtains 36.
Which numbers could Varun have deleted?
(1) either 6 or 7 (2) either 7 or 8 (3) only 6 (4) only 7
94. Each day Alia writes down the date and then adds together the individual digits. For instance today on the 23rd
March she writes 23. 03. and calculates 2 + 3 + 0 + 3 = 8.
What is the largest total she make in this way in the course of a year?
(1) 13 (2) 14 (3) 16 (4) 20
95. 3 green apples, 5 yellow apples, 7 green pears and 2 yellow pears are in a sack. Without looking, Sebastian

N
takes either an apple or pear out of the sack. How many pieces of fruit must he take out of the sact to be
sure of having at least one apple and one pear of the same colour?
(1) 10 (2) 11 (3) 12 (4) 13

E
96. Neha wants to make a cube from the paper net. You can see there are 7 squares. Instead of 6. Which square(s)
can she remove from the net, so that the other 6 squares remain connected and from the newly formed net

L
a cube can be made?

1 2 3

L
4 5 6
7
(1) only 4 (2) only 7 (3) only 3 or 4 (4) only 3 or 7
97. Mikesh cuts a pizza into four equally big pieces. Then he cuts each piece into three equally big pieces. Into how

A
many equally big pieces did Mikesh cut the pizza?
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 7 (4) 12
98. Manisha wants there to be a knife to the right of every plate and a fork to the left of it. In order to get the
right order she always swaps one fork with one knife. What is the minimum number of swaps necessary?

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5

99. Harshad writes the number 2581953764 on a strip of paper. Twice he cuts through the strip of paper between
two digits and obtains three numbers which he adds. How big is the smallest sum he can obtain in this way?
(1) 2675 (2) 2975 (3) 2978 (4) 4217
100. Tim, Tom and Jim are triplets. Their brother Jom is exactly 3 years younger. All four are having their birthdays
today.
How old can the four brothers be altogether?
(1) 53 (2) 54 (3) 56 (4) 59

24
 Mathematics
ALLEN
101. Tushar writes down all numbers that have the following properties:
The first digit is 1. Each of the following digits is at least as big as the previous one. The sum of the digits is
5. How many such numbers can Tushar write down?
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7
102. Vinay owns a few square tables and some chairs for his little restaurant. If he sets out his tables individually with
4 chairs each, then he is 6 chairs short. If he always puts two tables together to create a bigger table with 6
chairs, then he has 4 chairs left over.
How many tables does Vinay have?
(1) 8 (2) 10 (3) 12 (4) 14
103. Pallavi has written numbers into 5 of the 10 circles. She wants to write numbers into the remaining circles so
that the sum of the three numbers along every side of the pentagon is always the same. Which number does
she have to write into the circle marked X?

N
7
3
X

E
1 2

L
6

L
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 11 (4) 13
104. The symbols , and represent three different digits. If the digits of the number are added, you
receive the two-digit number If the digits of the two-digit number are added, you receive the single-

A
digit number . Which digit is represented by ?
(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 8 (4) 9
105. Two three-digit numbers are made up of six different digits. The first digit of the second number is twice as
big as the last digit of the first number. (Note: 0 is also a digit but cannot be the first digit of a number!)
How big is the smallest possible sum of the two numbers?
(1) 301 (2) 535 (3) 537 (4) 546

106. Four cards are placed in this order : 2 0 1 7

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

Which order cannot be obtained, if only two cards are swapped?

(1) 2 7 1 0 (2) 0 1 2 7

(3) 1 0 2 7 (4) 0 2 1 7

107. Tom strings together th e numbers from 1 to 20 and o btains t he 31-digit number
1234567891011121314151617181920. Then he deletes 24 digits of the number, so that the remaining
number is as big as possible. Which number does he obtain?
(1) 9671819 (2) 9567892 (3) 9781920 (4) 9912345

25
Class VI
ALLEN
108. There is a number written on every face of a special die. The sum of the numbers, which are on opposite sides
to each other, is always equally big. Five of the six numbers are 5, 6, 9,11 and 14. Which number is on the
sixth face?

(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 13 (4) 15

109. The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 have to be written into the five fields of this diagram according to the following
rules: If one number is below another number, it has to be greater; if one number is to the right of another,
it has to be greater. How many ways are there to place the numbers?

N
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6

E
110. There are eight kangaroos in a row, as seen in the picture.

Two kangaroos, that are standing next to each other and that are looking into each others eyes, are changing

L
places by hopping past each other. This is carried out until no more jumps are possible.

How often did a change of places occur?

(1) 2

A
(2) 10

L (3) 12 (4) 13

111. Jyoti likes even numbers, Preeti likes numbers that are divisible by three and Neha numbers that are divisible
by 5. In a basket there are 8 balls, each with one number written on them. Each one of the three girls went
to the basket on their own and took all balls according to their preferences. Jyoti took 32 and 52, Preeti took
24, 33 and 45, and Neha took 20, 25 and 35. In which order did they go to the basket?

(1) Jyoti, Neha, Preeti

(2) Neha, Preeti, Jyoti

(3) Preeti, Jyoti, Neha

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

(4) Preeti, Neha, Jyoti

112. Sakshi wants to write a number into every free small triangle. The sum of the numbers in two triangles with
a common side should always be the same. Two numbers are already given. How big is the sum of all numbers
in the figure?

(1) 18

(2) 20
3
(3) 21

(4) 22 2

26
 Mathematics
ALLEN
113. Instead of digits Deepak uses the letters A, B, C and D in a calculation. Different letters stand for different digits.
Which digit does the letter B stand for?

A B C
+ C B A
D D DD

(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 5

114. Three different digits A, B and C are chosen. Then the biggest possible six-digit number is built where the digit
A appears 3 times, the digit B 2 times and the digit C 1 time.

Which representation is definitely not possible for this number?

(1) AAABBC

N
(2) CAAABB

(3) BBAAAC

E
(4) AAABCB

115. Banwari wants to split the numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 into some groups so that the sum of the numbers

L
in each group is equally big. What is the biggest number of groups he can build this way?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6

L
116. The Mayas used points and lines to write numbers. A point stands for 1, a line for 5.

Which of the following Maya-numbers stands for 17?

A
(1) (2) (3) (4)

117. The sum of the dots on opposite sides of an ordinary die is 7.

Which of the following dice could be an ordinary die?

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

118. Lalita wants to colour in exactly one 2 × 2 square in the figure given .

How many ways are there for her to do that?

(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 8

27
Class VI
ALLEN
119. The six smallest odd natural numbers are written on the sides of a die. Toni rolls the die three times and adds
the numbers. Which sum will Toni not be able to make?

(1) 19 (2) 21 (3) 29 (4) 35

120. Arya Bhatt writes a number into the first circle. He then carries out the calculations as instructed and each time
writes down the results in the respective circles. How many of the six numbers are divisible by 3?

+1 +1 ·3 +2 ·2

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 1 or 2 (4) 2 or 3

E N
L L
Que.
Ans.
Que.
Ans.
Que.
Ans.
1
2
16
1
31
1
2
1
17
2
32
3
A
3
4
18
3
33
1
4
4
19
4
34
2
5
3
20
4
35
2
6
4
21
3
36
2
ANSWER KEY
7
4
22
1
37
2
8
3
23
3
38
2
9
4
24
2
39
2
10
2
25
3
40
2
11
4
26
1
41
4
12
3
27
3
42
1
13
3
28
1
43
4
14
2
29
3
44
1
15
3
30
2
45
4
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\1. Number System.

Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 4 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 2 4 2 2 1 3
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 1 3 3 4 3 1 2 4,2,1 3 2 3 4 4 4 4
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Ans. 4 4 3 4 1 2 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 1
Que. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
Ans. 1 4 2 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 2 2 4 4 3
Que. 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. 2 3 4 4 4 4 3 1 4 2 4 4 4 4 2

28
 Mathematics
ALLEN
2. ALGEBRA
n Remainder theorem
Let p(x) be any polynomial of degree greater than or equal to one and let a be any real number. If p(x)
is divided by the linear polynomial x – a, then the remainder is p(a).
n Factor theorem
Let p(x) be a polynomial of degree n ³ 1 and a be any real constant then
l If p(a) = 0, then (x – a) is a factor of p(x).
l If x – a is a factor of p(x), then p(a) = 0.
Note : (x – a)(x – b) is a factor of polynomial p(x) for a and b real constants if and only if p(a) = 0 and
p(b) = 0.
Ex. Find the remainder when 4x2 – 8x + 3 is divided by
(i) 2x – 1 (ii) 2x + 1 (iii) 2x – 3 (iv) 2x + 3

N
2
Sol. (i) Remainder = f çæ 1 ÷ö = 4 çæ 1 ÷ö – 8 çæ 1 ÷ö + 3
è2ø è2ø è2ø

E
1 1
= 4 × – 8 × + 3 = 0

L
4 2

2
æ 1ö æ –1 ö æ –1 ö

L
(ii) Remainder = f ç – ÷ = 4 ç ÷ – 8 ç ÷ + 3
è 2ø è 2 ø è 2 ø

1 1
= 4 × + 8 × + 3 = 8

A
4 2

2
æ3ö æ3ö æ3ö
(iii) Remainder = f ç ÷ = 4 ç ÷ – 8 ç ÷ + 3 = 9 – 12 + 3 = 0
2
è ø 2
è ø è2ø

2
–3 ö æ –3 ö æ –3 ö
(iv) Remainder = f æç ÷ = 4ç ÷ – 8ç ÷ + 3 = 9 + 12 + 3 = 24
è 2 ø è 2 ø è 2 ø

Ex. If x3 + 2x2 + ax + b has factors x + 1 and x – 1, then find a and b.

Sol. If (x – 1) is a factor of f(x) then we should have f(1) = 0
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

This gives 13 + 2.12 + a.1 + b = 0

\ a + b = –3 .......(1)
(x + 1) is a factor of f(x) we should have f(–1) = 0
This gives (–1)3 + 2(–1)2 + a(–1) + b = 0
\ –1 + 2 – a + b = 0
–a + b = –1
i.e., a – b = 1 .......(2)
Adding (2) and (1), we get
2a = –2 \ a = –1, Using a = –1 in either (1) or (2), we get b = –2

29
Class VI
ALLEN
n Identities
To express a given polynomial as the product of polynomials, each of degree less than that of given polynomial
such that no such a factor has a factor of lower degree, is called factorisation.

l Standard formulae
} (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2

} (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
} (a + b) (a – b) = a2 – b2

} (a + b)2 + (a – b)2 = 2(a2 + b2)

} (a + b)2 – (a – b)2 = 4ab

} (a + b + c)2= a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = åa2 + 2åab

} (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3

N
}) (a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab(a – b) = a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3
} (x + a) (x + b) = x2 + (a + b) x + ab

E
} (x + a) (x + b) (x + c) = x3 + x2(a + b + c) + x(ab + bc + ac) + abc
} a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 – ab + b2)

L
} a3 – b3 = (a – b) (a2 + ab + b2)

} a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)

L
} If a + b + c = 0, then a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc

A
} a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca = [(a – b)2 + (b – c)2+(c – a)2]
2

n Linear equations
A statement of equality of two algebraic expressions which involve one or more unknown quantities (called
variables) is known as an equation.
E.g : 2x – 5 = 23.
An equation has two parts. The part which is on the left side to the equality sign is known as left hand side (L.H.S)
and the part which is on the right side to the equality sign is known as right hand side (R.H.S).
Equality
2x – 5 = 23
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

L.H.S R.H.S
An equation in which the maximum power of variable is one, is called a linear equation.
For example : 4x + 5 = 3x + 1, 2x + 3y = 4 are linear equations.
n Linear equations in one variable
A linear equation which has only one variable is called a linear equation in one variable.
The standard form of a linear equation in one variable is ax + b = c, where a, b and c are numbers and x is a
variable.

3
E.g : 3x = 8; x + 5 = 125
2

30
 Mathematics
ALLEN
n Solution of a linear equation
The value of the variable which satisfies the given equation is called a solution or the root of the equation.
You can solve an equation by writing an equivalent equation that has the variable isolated on one side. Linear
equations are equivalent equations if they have the same solution(s). To change, or transform, an equation
into an equivalent equation, think of an equation as having two sides that need to be "in balance."

n Solving equations with variables on one side

Some equations have variables on one side. To solve such equations collect the numbers on the other side, after
simplifying one or both sides of the equation, if needed. Then use inverse operations to isolate the variable.
Ex. Solve the equation (Use the Distributive Property)
(i) 8x – 2(x + 7) = 16 (ii) 5x + 3(x + 4) = 28
Sol. (i) Distribute a negative number. (ii) Distribute a positive number.

N
8x – 2(x + 7) = 16 5x + 3(x + 4) = 28
8x – 2x – 14 = 16 5x + 3x + 12 = 28
6x – 14 = 16 8x + 12 = 28

E
6x – 14 + 14 = 16 + 14 8x + 12 – 12 = 28 – 12
6x = 30 8x = 16

L
6x 30 8x 16
= =
6 6 8 8
x= 5 x= 2

L
n Solving equations with variables on both sides
Some equations have variables on both sides. To solve these equations, you can first collect the variable terms on

A
one side of the equation. The examples will show you that collecting the variable terms on the side with the
greater variable coefficient will result in a positive coefficient.
Ex. Solve 4(1 – x) + 3x = – 2(x + 1) (A more Complicated Equation)
Sol. 4(1 – x) + 3x = – 2(x + 1)
4 – 4x + 3x = – 2x – 2 Use distributive property.
4 – x = – 2x – 2
4 – x + 2x = – 2x – 2 + 2x Add 2x to each side.
4+ x = –2
4+x–4=–2–4 Subtract 4 from each side.
x= –6
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

2 5 1
Ex. Solve and check the root of x – x – 3 = x – 5.
3 6 2
Sol. LCM of 3, 6 and 2 is 6.
6 2 6 5 6 6 1 6
´ x– ´ x– ×3 = ´ x – ×5
1 3 1 6 1 1 2 1
2 × 2x – 1 × 5x – 6 × 3 =3 × 1x – 6 × 5
4x – 5x – 18 = 3x – 30
– x – 18 = 3x – 30
– x – 3x = – 30 + 18
– 4x = – 12
-4x -12
= Þx=3
-4 -4

31
Class VI
ALLEN
n Equations reducible to linear form
Consider the following equation involving ratios of linear expressions.
x +1 3
=
2x + 3 8
It is not a linear equation, since the expression in LHS is not linear. But we can put it in the form of a linear
equation, by multiplying both the sides of the equation by (2x + 3).

æ x +1 ö 3
ç 2x + 3 ÷ × (2x + 3) = × (2x + 3)
è ø 8

3(2x + 3)
Þ (x + 1) =
8

Now the equation is in linear form and we know how to solve it. The above step can be directly obtained by
cross multiplication.

N
In cross multiplication, we multiply the numerator of LHS by the denominator of RHS and the denominator
of LHS by the numerator of RHS. The resultant expressions are equal to each other.

E
ax + b m
Consider an equation, =
cx + d n
Using cross multiplication, we get (ax + b) × n = (cx + d) × m

L
Ex. FRACTIONS The denominator of a rational number is greater than it's numerator by 3. If 3 is subtracted from
the numerator and 2 is added to it's denominator, the new number becomes 1/5. Find the rational number.

L
Sol. Verbal Denominator = Numerator + 3
Model
Numerator – 3 1
=—

A
Denominator + 2 5

LabelsNumerator = x

Denominator = x + 3

x -3 1
Algebraic =
(x + 3) + 2 5
Model

x -3 1
=
x+5 5
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

5(x – 3) = (x + 5) (By cross-multiplication)

5x – 15 = x + 5
5x – x = 15 + 5
4x = 20

20
x= =5
4

x+3=5+3=8
Numerator = 5, Denominator = 8, Rational number = 5/8

32
 Mathematics
ALLEN
ALGEBRA SOLVED EXAMPLES
1. Ram bought a notebook containing 98 pages, and numbered them from 1 to 196. Krishna tore
35 pages of Ram's notebook and added the 70 numbers he found on the pages. Could Krishna have got 2004
as the Sum?
Sol. No is the answer. The sum of the page numbers that appear on the two sides of each page is odd (why?) as
the sum of any two consecutive numbers is always odd. So when we add 35 odd numbers it is always odd and
it cannot be 2004.
2. Ram checks his purse and finds that he can buy an apple and three oranges or two apples for the money he
has. I buy, from the same shop, two apples and two oranges for Rs.16. How much my friend should pay when
he buys three apples and two oranges from the same shop?
Sol. Price of 1 apple and 3 oranges = price of 2 apples. Therefore, price of 3 oranges = price of 1 apple. Hence,
the price of 2 apples and 2 oranges = price of 6 oranges + price of 2 oranges = price of 8 oranges = Rs.16
(given). So, price of an. orange — Rs.2 and price of one apple = Rs.6. The price for three apples and two

N
oranges
= 3x Rs.6 + 2 x Rs.2 = Rs.22.
Therefore, the amount the friend should pay = Rs.22.

E
3. Find all natural numbers which divide 2007 and leave a remainder 207.
Sol. The factors of 2007 – 207 = 1800 which are > 207 are the required natural numbers.

L
1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800
They are , , , , ,

L
1 2 3 4 5 6

\ The required numbers are

1800, 900, 600, 450, 360, 300

A
4. Show that x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) +.....+ (x + 2006) is divisible by 2007. x is a natural number.
Sol. (2007 times) x + x + x + x + .... + x + x = 2007x

2006 ´ 2007
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ..... + 2005 + 2006 =
2

Adding, x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) + (x + 3)+.....+(x + 2005) + (x + 2006) = 2007x + 2007 × 1003 which is

equal to 2007(x + 1003) which is always divisible by 2007 for any natural number 'x'.
5. The following house-patterns were created using match sticks :
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

House 1 House 4 House 7

Sticks 5 Sticks 17 Sticks 29

Which one of the numbers below cannot be the number of sticks used to create a complete row of houses?
(1) 361 (2) 369 (3) 309 (4) 2008
Sol. In the row of houses the first needs 5 sticks while all the others need only 4 sticks. Hence the total number
of sticks for a row of houses must be a 5 plus a multiple of 4 i.e., a number which is a multiple of 4 plus 1,
2008 being a multiple of four, we cannot use 2008 sticks for constructing a row of houses

33
Class VI
ALLEN
6. If a,b,c are three natural numbers auch that

a+b a+c b+c

+ c = 34, + b = 32, + a = 30 . Find them and find their LCM.
2 2 2
Sol. From the given equations we have
a + b + 2c = 68 ....(1)
a + 2b + c = 64 ....(2)
b + c + 2a = 60 .....(3)
Adding these equations, we get
4a + 4b + 4c = 192
Þ a + b + c = 48 ....(4)
(1) – (4) gives c = 20 ;
(2) – (4) gives b = 16 ;

N
(3) – (4) gives a = 12.
The numbers are 12, 16 and 20. (i.e.,) 4 × 5, 4 × 4, 4 × 3
Their LCM is 4 × 4 × 5 × 3 = 240.

E
7. Archie shoots two arrows at the target. For example, in the diagram her score is 5. If both the arrows hit the
target then the number of different scores is-

L
1
2
3

L
6

A
Sol. If both the arrows hit the target we get the following scores :
(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (6,6), (1,2), (1,3), (1,6), (2,3), (2,6), (3,6) i.e., 2,4,6,12,3,4,7,5,8,9 since 4 occurs twice, the
number of different scores are 2,4,6,12,3,7,5,8,9 or 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 12.
There are 9 different scores.
8. Given two addition problems
a = 1 + 12 + 123 +......+ 123456789
b = 987654321 + 87654321 + .... + 21 + 1
The digits in the hundredth place of a and b are respectively
(1) 2 and 2 (2) 1 and 6 (3) 4 and 4 (4) 1 and 4
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

Sol. Number a Number b

1 987654321
12 87654321
123 7654321
M M
12345678 21
123456789 1

.........4205 .......6269
The hundredth digit of these two numbers a and b are recpectively (2,2).

34
 Mathematics
ALLEN
ALGEBRA EXERCISE
1. In the sequence of number 1, 2, 11, 22, 111, 222, ... the sum of the digit in the 999th term is
(1) 999 (2) 1998 (3) 500 (4) 1000
2. If distinct numbers are replaced for distinct letters in the following subtraction,
FOUR
– ONE
TWO

then the values of F and T are given by

(1) F = 1, T = 9
(2) F = 1, T = 8
(3) F = 1 and T is any single digit other than 1
(4) F and T cannot be determined
3. If !5 = 4 + 6 – 5, !12 = 11 + 13 – 12 and !23 = 22 + 24 – 23, then what is the value of

N
!40 + !41 + !42 + !43 + !44 + ... + !49 + !50?
(1) 505 (2) 495 (3) 455 (4) 465
4. (a – 1)2 + (b – 2)2 + (c – 3)2 + (d – 4)2 = 0.

E
Then a × b × c × d + 1 is
(1) 02 (2) 102 (3) 52 (4) 12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 1

L
5. Let a, b, c, d be positive integers where a + b + c = 53, b + c + d = 51, c + d + a = 57 and
d + a + b = 58. Then the greatest and the smallest numbers among a, b, c, d are respectively
(1) b and d (2) a and c (3) c and a (4) d and b

L
6. 20072007 ÷ 100001 is a
(1) Three digit number (2) Four digit number
(3) Eight digit number (4) Six digit number

A
1
7. The value of
1
2+
1
3+
1
4+
5

77 68 2007
(1) (2) (3) (4) None of these
60 157 2008
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

4 7 + 4 7 + 47 + 47
8. If = 2 x , then x =
2 7 + 27
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 27
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9. The value of + + + + + + is
1´ 2 2 ´ 3 3 ´ 4 4 ´ 5 5 ´ 6 6 ´ 7 7 ´ 8
8 7 1
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4)
7 8 1569
10. Three cubes of metal whose edges are 3cm, 4cm and 5cm are melted and formed into a single cube. If there
is no wastage in the process, the edge of the new cube is
(1) 12cm (2) 7cm (3) 9cm (4) 6cm

35
Class VI
ALLEN
11. When A and B run for race A wins B by 40 metres. When A and C run then A wins C by 70 metres. Then
when B and C run
(1) B wins C by 110 m (2) C wins B by 100 m

1
(3) B wins C by 31 m (4) C wins B by 50 m
4
12. There are eleven squares in the diagram, with number 7 in the first square and 6 in the 9th square. The sum
of the numbers in any three consecutive squares is 21. The number in the second square is _______.

7 6
(1) 6 (2) 8 (3) 7 (4) None of these
13. In a contest there were 10 problems. Each correct answer is eligible for 5 points while each incorrect answer
is penalised with a deduction o f 2 points. Venkat answered all the question s but got only
29 points. The number of correct answer of venkat was
(1) 5 (2) 2 (3) 7 (4) 4

N
14. If a = 2, b = 3a + 4 and c = 3b, then b – c is
(1) 30 (2) 20 (3) –20 (4) –22

E
15. If 2a – 3 = 5 and 3b + 1 = 2 then 3b – 2a is
(1) – 3 (2) –7 (3) 7 (4) – 9

L
16. Given distinct single digits A, B, C, D, E, X, Y suppose we have A + B + C + D + E = XY where the two-
digit number XY has value 10X + Y. To make XY a greatest value, the value of Y should be
(1) 4 (2) 3

L
(3) 2 (4) 1
17. Amba is shorter than Bethel. Charu is taller than Deepa and Bethal. Amba is also shorter than Deepa but taller
than Inaya. Who is the shortest of them all ?
(1) Amba (2) Inaya (3) Deepa (4) Bethel

A
18. 8 boxes, all of different sizes, are placed in a row ; 2008 books are distributed in such a way that each box
receives 2 books more than its next immediate smaller box. How many books does the largest box receive ?
(1) 258 (2) 244 (3) 236 (4) 264
19. Mr. Pai had money just enough to buy 6 Ladus and 7 Cutlets. The shop owner told him that that he may also
choose to buy 8 Laddus and 4 Cutlets for the same amount. Since the doctor has advised Mr. pai to avoid sweets
he decided to buy Cutlets only for the entire amount. How many Cutlets did he get ?
(1) 13 (2) 12 (3) 16 (4) 23
20. a, b, c are three natural numbers such that a < b < c and a + b + c = 6. The value of c is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 1 or 2 or 3
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

21. B has 5 Rupees more than C. A has 14 Rupees more than B. Which transaction makes equal money to all
the three.
(1) A gives 6 Rs. to B and B gives 3 Rs. to C
(2) A gives 3 Rs. to B and C receives 6 Rs. from A
(3) A gives 2 Rs. to C and B gives 5 Rs. to C
(4) A gives 8 Rs. to C and B receives 3 Rs. from A
22. A natural number 'a' is multiplied by 11 and 33 is added to it. It is divided by 9 and the remainder is zero. The
smallest such natural number is
(1) 15 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 1

36
 Mathematics
ALLEN
23. In front of me there are three boxes, one white, one red and one green. In one box there is a chocolate bar,
in another an apple and one box is empty. The chocolate bar is in either the white or red box. And the apple
is in neither the white or the green box. In which box is the chocolate bar?

(1) White (2) Red (3) Green (4) red or green

24. A bridge is being build over a 120m wide river. One quarter of the bridge continues on land on the left bank,
another quarter continues on land on the r bank. How long is the bridge?

(1) 150 m (2) 180 m (3) 210 m (4) 240 m

25. In a park there are some cats and dogs. The number of cats feet is double the size of the number of dogs noses.
The number of cats is ......???....... of the number of dogs.

(1) double the size (2) half the size

(3) the same size (4) a quater the size

N
26. In a dance group there are 39 boys and 23 girls. Every week 6 more boys and 8 more girls join the group.
After a few weeks there will be the same number of boys as girls in the dance group. How many boys and girls

E
will be in the dance group at that time?

(1) 144 (2) 154 (3) 164 (4) 174

L
27. Today is Sunday. Gyan starts to read a book with 290 pages today. Sundays he reads 25 pages and on all
other days he reads 4 pages, with no exception. How many days does it take him to read the entire book?

L
(1) 46 (2) 40 (3) 35 (5) 41

28. Given That + +6= + + + . which number should replace ?

A
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

29. A staircase has 21 steps. Nick and Mike count the steps; one from botton to top and the other from top to
bottom. They meet at one step which Nick indicates as the 10th. As which number does Mike indicate this step?

(1) the 13th (2) the 14th

(3) the 11th (4) the 12th

30. A fly has 6 legs and a spider has 8. Together, 2 flies and 3 spiders have as many legs as 10 birds and.........

(1) 2 cats (2) 3 cats (3) 4 cats (4) 5 cats

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

31. The numbers 1, 4, 7, 10 and 13 should be written into the squares so that the sum of the three numbers in
the horizontal row is equal to the sum of the three numbers in the vertical column. What is the largest possible
value of these sums?

(1) 20 (2) 21 (3) 22 (4) 24

37
Class VI
ALLEN
32. In order to produce a newspaper with 60 pages, you need 15 sheets that are stuck within each other. In one
such newspaper page 7 is missing. Which other pages are also missing from this newspaper?
(1) 8, 42 and 43 (2) 8, 48 and 49 (3) 8, 52 and 53 (4) 8, 53 and 54
33. The picture shows a hanging mobile. The mobile weighs 112 grams in total. (The weight of the sticks and threads
is not taken into account.) How much does the star weigh?

(1) 6 g (2) 7 g (3) 12 g (4) 16 g

34. In a pizzeria there is a basic pizza with tomato and cheese that can be ordered with only one or two of the

N
following toppings: anchovies, artichokes, mushrooms or capers. The pizza comes in three sizes. How many
different types of pizza are offered in total?
(1) 30 (2) 12 (3) 18 (4) 48

E
35. In the multiplication of a three-digit number with a single-digit number PPQ ×Q = RQ5Q, P, Q and R represent
different digits. P+Q+R=

L
(1) 13 (2) 15 (3) 16 (4) 17
36. A motorcycle driver covers a distance 25 km in 30 minutes. What has his average speed in km/h?

L
(1) 28 (2) 36 (3) 56 (4) 58
37. 1000 litres of water is passed through the water system as shown, into two identical tanks. At each junction
the water separates into two equal amounts. How many litres of water end up in Tank Y?

A
(1) 800 (2) 750 (3) 666.67 (4) 660
38. Mice thinks that cat is very lazy and sits around the whole day, she drinks 60 ml of milk. When she chases mice
she drinks a third more milk. In the past two weeks, she has chased mice on every second day. How much milk
has she drunk in the past two weeks?
(1) 840 ml (2) 980 ml (3) 1050 ml (4) 1120 ml
39. A cat had 7 kittens. The kittens had the colours white, black, ginger, black-white, ginger-white, ginger-black,
and ginger-black-white. In how many ways can you choose 4 cats so that each time two of them have a colour
in common.
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6
40. How far must Deepika walk to reach her friend Rakhi?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

100 m
Deepika 1 1 1 Rakhi
8 4 2

(1) 300 m (2) 400 m (3) 800 m (4) 1 km

41. Ajay, Boby and Chunky are altogether 31 years old. How old will all three be altogether in three years time?
(1) 34 (2) 35 (3) 37 (4) 40
42. Madhav must take a tablet every 15 minutes. He takes the first at 11:05. When does he take the fourth?
(1) 11 : 40 (2) 11 : 50 (3) 11 : 55 (4) 12 : 00

38
 Mathematics
ALLEN
43. Priyanshu drives one afternoon at a constant speed to her friend. She looks at her watch leaves and when she
arrives.

In which position will the minute hand be when she has completed one third of her journey?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

44. Children voted for five students from their class. Each child was only allowed to vote once. The winner received
12 votes, and the student placed last just 4 votes. If each student received a different number of votes, how
many votes did the second placed student receive?

N
(1) 8 (2) 8 or 9 (3) 9 (4) 9 or 10
45. In the last game of the hockey match there were lots of goals. In the first half 6 goals were scored and the visiting

E
team were leading. After the home team scored another three goals in the second half, they won the match.
How many goals did the hometeam score in total?
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6

L
46. Sunny is catching fish. If he had caught three times as many fish as he has actually caught, he would have 12
more fish. How many fish has he caught?

L
(1) 7 (2) 6 (3) 5 (4) 4
47. 2013 people live on an island. Some of these people are truthtellers and the others are liars. The truthtellers
always tell the truth whereas the liars always lie. Each day one of the people says 1 when I have left the island

A
the number of truthtellers will be the same as the number of liars.' Then he leaves the island. After 2013 days
there is no longer anybody living on the island. How many liars were living there to begin with?
(1) 0 (2) 1006 (3) 1007 (4) 2013
48. 40 boys and 28 girls hold hands in a big circle. Exactly 18 boys give their right hand to a girl. How
many boys give their left hand to a girl?
(1) 18 (2) 9 (3) 28 (4) 14
49. A cake weighs 900 g. Paul cuts it into 4 pieces. The biggest piece weights exactly as much as the other three
pieces together. How much does the biggest piece weigh?
(1) 250 g (2) 300 g (3) 400 g (4) 450 g
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

50. In a holiday camp 7 children eat ice cream every day, 9 eat ice cream every other day. The remaining children
don’t eat ice cream at all. Yesterday 13 children ate ice cream. How many children will eat ice cream today?
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10
51. In a restaurant there are 16 tables, with either 3, 4 or 6 chairs. A total of 36 guests can sit at the tables which
have 3 or 4 chairs. The restaurant seats 72 guests. How many tables with three chairs are there?
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7
52. The points A, B, C, D, E, F are situated on a straight line in this order. The following distances on this line are
known: AF = 35, AC = 12, BD = 11, CE = 12 and DF = 16. How long is the distance BE?
(1) 13 (2) 14 (3) 15 (4) 16

39
Class VI
ALLEN
53. Karina plays with her marbles. She places them in small groups on the table. If she places them in groups of
three, two marbles are left over. If she places them in groups of five, again two are left over. How many more
marbles does Karina need so that she can place them in groups of three as well as groups of five without any
marbles being left over?
(1) 1 (2) 4 (3) 10 (4) 13
54. There are 5 songs on an MP3-player: Song A lasts 3 mins, song B 2 mins 30 s, song C 2 mins, song D 1 min
30 s, and song E 4 mins. These 5 songs are played non-stop one after the other. Song C is playing when Andy
left the house. Exactly one hour later he returns. Which song is playing when Andy came back?
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
55. The king travels with his messengers at a speed of 5 km/h from his castle to his summer residence. Each hour
he sends a messenger with a speed of 10 km/h back to the castle. How much difference is time is there between
two consecutive messengers arriving at the castle?
(1) 30 min (2) 60 min (3) 75 min (4) 90 min

N
56. Grandma gives 180 marbles to her ten grandchildren. No two children get the same amount of marbles. Anna
gets the most. What is the minimum number of marbles that Anna could get?
(1) 20 (2) 21 (3) 22 (4) 23

E
57. Mr. Bhuvan has 10 ducks. 5 of these ducks lay an egg every day. The other 5 lay an egg every second day.
How many eggs will the 10 ducks have laid after 10 days?

L
(1) 75 (2) 60 (3) 50 (4) 25
58. How much does Dita weigh?

L
Rita Dita Rita Dita

8 kg 2 kg

A
(1) 2 kg (2) 3 kg (3) 4 kg (4) 5 kg
59. Each plant in Jevesh garden has exactly 5 leaves or exactly 2 leaves and a flower. In total the plants have 6
flowers and 32 leaves. How many plants are growing in the garden?

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

(1) 10 (2) 12 (3) 13 (4) 15

60. Pankhudi has 4 equally long strips of paper. When she glues two together with an overlap of 10 cm, she gets
a strip 50 cm long.

10 cm
10 cm

With the other two she wants to make a 56 cm long strip. How long must the overlap be?

(1) 4 cm (2) 6 cm (3) 8 cm (4) 10 cm

40
 Mathematics
ALLEN
61. Tarun has made the following shape with 6 squares of side length 1. What is the perimeter of the shape?

(1) 9 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 12

62. A rectangle is formed from 4 equally sized smaller rectangles. The shorter side is 10 cm long. How long is the
longer side?

10 cm

(1) 40 cm (2) 30 cm (3) 20 cm (4) 10 cm

63. In Field street there are 9 houses in a row. At least one person lives in each house. Each pair of neighbouring

N
houses have at most 6 inhabitants. What is the maximum number of people living in Field street?
(1) 23 (2) 25 (3) 27 (4) 29
64. Lucy and her mother were both born in January. Today on 23rd March 2015 lucy adds together her year of

E
birth, that of her mother, her age and that of her mother. Which answer does she get?
(1) 4028 (2) 4029 (3) 4030 (4) 4032

L
65. A rectangle has area 12 cm2. The lengths of the sides are natural numbers. Which perimeter could the rectantgle
have

L
(1) 20 cm (2) 26 cm (3) 28 cm (4) 32 cm
66. Sahnvi bought three books. For the fist look she paid half of her money plus 1 Rupees more. For the second
book she paid again half of her left-over money plus 2 Rupees's more. For the third book she paid again half
of her left-over money plus 3 Rupees's more. After which she had spent all of her money. How much money

A
did she have to begin with?
(1) 45 (2) 36 (3) 34 (4) 33
67. A train has 12 carriages. In each carriage there is the same number of compartments. Ravi is sitting in the
18th compartment behind the engine, this is in the 3rd carriage. Kavi is sitting in the 50th compartment behind
the engine, this is in the 7th carriage. How many compartments are in one carriage?
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10
68. A 10 cm long piece if wire is folded so that every part is equally long (see diagram). The wire is then cut through
in the two positions marked. How long are the three pieces created in this way?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

(1) 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm (2) 2 cm, 2 cm, 6 cm

(3) 1 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm (4) 1 cm, 3 cm, 6 cm
69. A centipede owns 25 pairs of shoes. He needs one shoe for every one of his 100 feet. How many more single
shoes does the centipede still need to buy?
(1) 15 (2) 20 (3) 35 (4) 50

41
Class VI
ALLEN
70. Mona, Asma and Nadja work in the same nursery. On each day from Monday to Friday exactly two of them
are working. Mona works three times and Asma works four times per week. How many times does Nadja work
per week?
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
71. Five squirrels A, B, C, D and E are sitting on the points marked. The crosses indicate 6 nuts that they are collecting.
The squirrels start to run at the same time with the same speed to the nearest nut in order to pick it up. As
soon as a squirrel has picked up the first nut it immediately continues to run in order to get another nut. Which
squirrel gets a second nut?

B C
A D E

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

72. There are 30 girls and boys in a class. Always two students share a desk. Every boy shares a desk with a girl.
Exactly half the girls share a desk with a boy.

N
How many boys are in the class?

(1) 25 (2) 20 (3) 15 (4) 10

E
73. A fly has 6 legs, a spider 8.

L
Therefore 3 flies and 2 spiders together have the same amount of legs as 9 chickens and

(1) 2 cats (2) 3 cats (3) 4 cats (4) 5 cats

L
74. Kevin knows that 1111 × 1111 = 1234321. Which result does he get for 1111 × 2222?

(1) 3456543 (2) 2345432

A
(3) 2234322 (4) 2468642

75. Only four players score goals in a handball game. Each one scored a different number of goals. Sameer scored
the fewest number of goals. If the other players altogether managed to score 20 goals in total, what is the maximum
number of goals Sameer could have scored?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

76. A furniture shop sells 3-seater, 2-seater and 1-seater sofas that each have an equally wide armrest on the left
and the right hand side. Each seat is equally wide (see picture). Together with the armrests the 3-seater sofa
is 220 cm and the 2-seater sofa 160 cm wide.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

220 cm 160 cm
How wide is the 1-seater sofa?
(1) 60 cm (2) 80 cm (3) 90 cm (4) 100 cm
77. Prabudh goes on a 5-day hiking trek. He starts on Monday and finishes on Friday. Every day he covers 2 km
more than the day before. In total he hikes 70 km. Which distance does he cover on Thursday?
(1) 13 km (2) 14 km
(3) 15 km (4) 16 km

42
 Mathematics
ALLEN
78. Vishal wants to increase his pocket money. To achieve this a fairy gives him three magic wands. He has to use
every single one exactly once.

Magic wand "+1" Magic wand "–1" Magic wand " 2"
increase his decrease it by 1 x double it x
money his 1 x
+1

–1

2
In which order does he have figure use the magic wands, in order to get the most money?

N
(1) (2)

+1
2

+1

–1
–1

L E
L
(3) (4)
+1
2
–1

2
+1

–1

A
79. In a bag there are only red and green marbles. If one randomly takes out five marbles, there is at least one
red one. If one randomly takes out six marbles, there is at least one green one.

What is the maximum number of marbles in the bag?

(1) 11 (2) 10 (3) 9 (4) 8

80. If you hit the target board, you score points. The number of points depends on which one of the three areas
you hit. Kaya throws two darts, three times at the target board. On the first attempt she scores 14 points and
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

on the second 16 points. How many points does she score on the third attempt?

14 Points 16 Points ???

(1) 17 (2) 18 (3) 19 (4) 22

43
Class VI
ALLEN
81. A garden is split into equally sized square-shaped lots. A fast and a slow snail crawl in different directions along
the outside edge of the garden. Both start at the corner S. The slow snail crawls 1 m in one hour and the fast
one crawls 2 m in one hour. In which position will the two snails meet for the first time?
A B C D

1 m/h
S 2 m/h E
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
82. A big spot of ink covers most of a calendar page of a certain month. Which day of the week does the 25th
day of that month fall on?
Mo Di Mi Do Fr Bo So

2 3
7

N
00

E
(1) Monday (2) Wednesday (3) Thursday (4) Saturday
83. How many times do you have to roll an ordinary die in order to be certain that at least one number is rolled
twice?

L
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 12
84. Neha subtracts one two-digit number from another two-digit number. Afterwards she paints over two digits in

L
the calculation. How big is the sum of the two painted digits?

3 – 2 = 2 5

A
(1) 8 (2) 9 (3) 12 (4) 13
85. The four smudges hide four of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The calculations along the two arrows are correct.
Which number hides behind the smudge with the star?
(1) 1
(2) 2 + –
(3) 3 = 8
× ¸
(4) 4

86. The two girls Khushi and Prisha and the three boys Abhi, Yuvi and Sarthak play together with a ball. If a girl
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

has the ball she throws it either to the second girl or to a boy. Every boy only throws the ball to another boy,
however not to the one where the ball has just come from. The first throw is made by Khushi to Abhi. Who
makes the 5th throw?
(1) Abhi (2) Khushi (3) Yuvi (4) Prisha

87. From a list with the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Monika chooses 3 different numbers whose sum is 8. From
the same list Harsh chooses 3 different numbers whose sum is 7. How many of the numbers were chosen by
both Monika and Harsh?

(1) none (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3

44
 Mathematics
ALLEN
88. The five balls weigh 30 g, 50 g, 50 g, 50 g and 80 g. Which of the balls weighs 30 g?

A B A C E
A D C B
C D E B

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

89. The sum of Kathi’s age and the age of her mother is 36. The sum of the age of her mother and the age of
her grandmother is 81. How old was Kathi’s grandmother when Kathi was born?

(1) 28 (2) 38 (3) 45 (4) 53

90. In a nursery group there are 14 girls and 12 boys. Half of the group go for a walk.

N
What is the minimum number of girls that have to be amongst that group?

(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1

E
91. In an enclosure there is a group of kangaroos. If you add up the ages of all kangaroos you get 36 years. In
two years all the kangaroos together will be 60 years old.

L
How many kangaroos are in the enclosure?

(1) 12 (2)15 (3)18 (4) 20

L
92. On each of the three separate pieces of paper there is a three-digit number. The sum of the three numbers
is 826. What is the sum of the two hidden digits?

A
2 4 3 7
1 2
6

(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10

93. In a witch's garden there are 30 animals: dogs, cats and mice. The witch changes 6 dogs into 6 cats and then
5 cats into 5 mice. Now there is an equal number of dogs, cats and mice.

How many cats were there to start with?

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 9 (4) 10

94. Ganesh builds towers made up of little 1 cm × 1 cm × 2 cm building blocks as can be seen in the picture.

He continues to build his towers in the same way. Finally he uses 28 building blocks for one tower. What is the
height of this tower?
(1) 9 cm (2) 10 cm (3) 11 cm (4) 12 cm

45
Class VI
ALLEN
95. A natural number greater than 0 is written on each side of the die shown. All products of opposite numbers
are of the same value. What is the smallest possible sum of all 6 numbers?

15
(1) 36 (2) 37 (3) 41 (4) 44
96. 4 equally heavy black pearls, 1 white pearl and a piece of iron weighing 30 g are placed on a beam balance
as shown in the diagram. The beam balance is balanced. How heavy are 6 black and 3 white pearls altogether?

30 g

N
(1) 100 g (2) 99 g (3) 96 g (4) 94 g
97. Gaurav makes 5 statements. One of which is wrong.
(A) My son Kapil has 3 sisters.

E
(B) My daughter Garima has 2 brothers.
(C) My daughter Garima has 2 sisters.

L
(D) My son Kapil has 2 brothers.
(E) I have 5 children.

L
Which statement is wrong?
(1) Statement A (2) Statement B (3) Statement C (4) Statement D

Que.
Ans.
Que.
1
3
16
2
1
17
A 3
2
18
4
3
19
5
2
20
6
1
21
ANSWER KEY
7
2
22
8
2
23
9
2
24
10
4
25
11
3
26
12
2
27
13
3
28
14
3
29
15
2
30
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\2. Algebra.

Ans. 3 2 1 3 3 4 3 1 4 2 4 4 2 3 3
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. 4 4 2 1 4 3 2 2 3 3 4 2 4 3 3
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 2 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 1 4 1 1
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 4 3 4 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 3 4 3 4 3
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Ans. 4 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 4 1 1 3 3 3 4
Que. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
Ans. 1 3 3 3 3 1 4

46
 Mathematics
ALLEN
3. GEOMETRY
n Introduction
l Point
A point is represented by a dot. It has no dimensions like length, breadth or thickness. It has only position.
Points are denoted by capital letters A, B, C, D etc.
A dot made by sharp pencil is a point.
l Line
A geometrical line is a set of points that extends endlessly in both the directions i.e., a line has no end points.
It has only length. The arrow heads show that the line goes on endlessly on either side.

A B
Lines are denoted by small letters l, m, n,.....

N
l Line segment
A line segment is a line which has end points. In the figure, the part of the line between the points 'A' and
'B', including 'A' and 'B' is a line-segment.

E
A B

L
The line segment AB is represented as AB or segment AB.
l Plane

L
A plane is a set of points. It is a flat surface with length and breadth. A geometrical plane extends endlessly
in all the directions. Small letters are used to denote a plane.

A
e.g., Surface of a sheet of paper, surface of a wall.
l Coplanar points
The points that belong to the same plane are called coplanar points.

C D
E
A B
l Coplanar lines
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

The lines that lie in the same plane are called coplanar lines.
s
A B
r
Q
P
l Space
The universal set of points, lines and planes is called a space. It has no end.

l Distance between two points

The distance between two points A and B is the length of the line segment joining them. The distance between
A and B is denoted by d(A, B) or AB.

47
Class VI
ALLEN
l Midpoint
Given a line segment AB, a point M is said to be the midpoint of AB, if M is an interior point of AB, such
that AM = MB.
A M B
l Perpendicular bisector
A line 'l' passing through the mid point 'M' of a line segment AB and perpendicular to AB is called the
perpendicular bisector of the line segment AB .
l

A M B

l Collinear points
If three or more points lie on a straight line, then those points are called collinear points.

N
A B C D E
A, B, C, D, E are collinear.
l Non-collinear points

E
The points which do not lie on the straight line are called non-collinear points.
I H G

L
A B C D E F
G, H, I do not lie on the straight line 'l'.
Hence, they are non-collinear points.

L
n Types of angles
l Acute angle
An angle which is less than 90° is called an acute angle.

A
B

A C
l Right angle
An angle which is equal to 90° is called a right angle.

90°
A
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

C
l Obtuse angle
An angle which is greater than 90° but less than 180° is called an obtuse angle.
B

A C
l Straight angle
An angle which is equal to 180° is called a straight angle.
180°

B A C

48
 Mathematics
ALLEN
l Reflex angle
An angle which is greater than 180° but less than 360° is called reflex angle.
A
C

l Complete angle
An angle which is exactly equal to 360° is called a complete angle.
360°

Zero angle
An angle is said to be a zero angle when two rays coincide and the measure of angle is 0°.
n Pair of angles

N
l Complementary angles
When the sum of the measure of two angles is equal to 90°, then the angles are said to be complementary
angles.

E
Ðx + Ðy = 90°
\ Ðx and Ðy are complementary angles.

L
y
x

L
l Supplementary angles
When the sum of the measure of two angles is equal to 180°, then the angles are said to be supplementary
angles.

A
Ðx + Ðy = 180° y x
\ Ðx and Ðy are supplementary.
l Adjacent angles
Angles having the same vertex and a common side and which lie on the opposite sides of the common side
are called adjacent angles.
C B

O A
Angles AOB and COB with common vertex O and common side OB are adjacent angles.
l Linear pair of angles
Two adjacent angles are said to form a linear pair of angles, if they lie on the same straight line. The two
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

non-common arms are opposite rays.

C

A B
The sum of two adjacent angles of a linear pair of angles is 180°, hence they are also supplementary.
l Congruent angles
C
A
Two angles are said to be congruent if they have the same measure.
l Vertically opposite angles
If two lines AB and CD intersect at a point 'O', then the pair of angles O
ÐAOC and ÐBOD is said to be a pair of vertically opposite angles. Also ÐAOD
and ÐBOC form another pair of vertically opposite angles.
D B
Angles forming a pair of vertically opposite angles are congruent (or equal).

49
Class VI
ALLEN
l Interior of an angle
It is a set of points on the same side of the lines forming the angles.
C

A
B
l Angle addition axiom
mÐABC = mÐABP + mÐPBC
C

P
B
A
Exterior of an angle is the set of points, which do not lie on the angle or in its interior.
C

N
A
B

E
P
The sum of the measures of the angles formed around a point is 360°.
l Angles in a transversal

L
} Interior angles are the angles inside the parallel lines and on both sides of the transversal.
} Co-interior angles are the interior angles lying on the same side of the transversal.

L
} Exterior angles are the angles lying outside the parallel lines and on both sides of the transversal.
} Corresponding angles are the angles on the same side of the transversal with one angle interior and

A
the other angle exterior and the angles are not adjacent angles.
} If a transversal intersects two coplanar parallel lines, then the corresponding angles are equal. This
is corresponding angles axiom.
} Alternate angles are the interior angles lying on either side of the transversal and are not adjacent
angles.

n Properties of angles
} The adjacent angles formed when one straight line stands over another are together equal to two right
angles i.e., 180°.
} If two adjacent angles are supplementary then their outer arms are on a straight line.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

} If two straight lines cut one another, the four angles so formed are together equal to four right angles
i.e., 360°.
} If two straight lines cut one another, the vertically opposite angles are equal.
} When a number of straight lines meet at a point the sum of all angles so formed at that point is equal
to four right angles i.e., 360°.
n Properties of parallel lines
} If a transversal intersects two coplanar parallel lines in such a way that
(a) A pair of alternate angles are equal then the two lines are parallel.
(b) A pair of interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary, then the two lines
are parallel.

50
 Mathematics
ALLEN
} If a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, then
(a) The interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.
(b) Each pair of alternate interior angles are equal.
} Straight lines which are parallel to the same straight line are themselves parallel to one another.
} If there are three or more parallel straight lines and the intercepts made by them on any transversal
are equal, then the corresponding intercepts on any other transversal are also equal.
n Theorems
l Theorem-2 (parallel axiom)
If 'l' is a line and 'p' is a point not on 'l' then there is one and only one line which passes through 'p' and
is parallel to 'l'.
p
m

l
l Theorem-3

N
Two lines which are both parallel to the same line are parallel to each other.
m
l
n

E
l Theorem-4 (linear pair axiom)
If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of two adjacent angles so formed is 180°.

L
C

L
A O B
l Theorem-5
If two lines intersect, then the vertically opposite angles are equal.

A
A D
O

C B

l Theorem-6 (corresponding angles)

If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of corresponding angles are equal, conversely
if a transversal intersects two lines, making a pair of corresponding angles are equal, then the lines are parallel.
A
1 2
l
4 3
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

5 6 m
8 7
B
Ð1 = Ð5, Ð4 = Ð8, Ð2 = Ð6 & Ð3 = Ð7
l Theorem-7
If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of alternate angles are equal.
t
Q
C 2 3 D
4 1
A P B

Ð2 = Ð1, Ð3 = Ð4

51
Class VI
ALLEN
l Theorem-8
If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of consecutive interior angles are supplementary.
5
C Q 2 D
4

3 1
A P B

Ð2 + Ð1 = 180° & Ð4 + Ð3 = 180°

l Theorem-9
If a transversal intersects two lines in such a way that a pair of consecutive interior angles are supplementary,
then the two lines are parallel.
t
Q 3
C 2 D

1
A P B

N
n Triangles

E
Types of triangle Definition/Property Diagram

C
(i) A triangle in which none of the three sides is

L
Scalene triangle equal is called a scalene triangle.
a b
(ii) All the three angles are also different.
B c A

L
a¹b¹c

Isosceles triangle (i) A triangle in which at least two sides are equal is
A

A
called an isosceles triangle.
(ii) In this triangle, the angles opposite to the
equal sides are also equal.
(iii) Two medians, two altitudes are equal.
(iv) Internal bisectors of two angles are equal.
(v) Bisector of vertical angle bisects the base and
B C
perpendicular to the base. AB=AC
(vi) May be acute, obtuse or right angled triangle. ÐB= ÐC

Equilateral triangle (i) A triangle in which all the three sides are equal is A
called an equilateral triangle.
(ii) In this triangle, each angle is equal and equal
to 60°.
(iii) Always acute angled.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(iv) Incentre, circumcentre, orthocentre and centroid

coincide. B C
AB=BC=AC
ÐA=Ð B= Ð C=60°

Isosceles right (i) Two sides are equal. A

angled triangle (ii) Angle included by the equal sides is 90°.
(iii) Side opposite to 90° is hypotenuse and is the
greatest side.
(iv) Median to the hypotenuse is half of the hypotenuse.
(v) Of the two acute angles, if one is 30°. The smallest
side is half of the greatest side or the side opposite
to 30° is half of hypotenuse. B C

AB=BC
ÐB=90°

52
 Mathematics
ALLEN
n Fundamental properties of triangles

l Sum of any two sides is always greater than the third side.

l The difference of any two sides is always less than the third side.

l Greater angle has a greater side opposite to it and smaller angle has a smaller side opposite to it i.e.,

if two sides of triangle are not equal then the angle opposite to the greater side is greater.

l Let a, b and c be the three sides of a DABC and c is the largest side, then

N
} if c2 < a2 + b2, the triangle is acute angled triangle.

E
} if c2=a2+b2, the triangle is right angled triangle.

} if c2 > a2+b2, the triangle is obtuse angled triangle.

L
l The sum of all the three interior angles of a triangle is always 180°.

L
i.e. ÐCAB + ÐABC + ÐBCA = 180°

A
C B

l The sum of three (ordered) exterior angles of a triangle is 360°.

E E
C C
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

B A
F D
A D B
F
Fig.(i) Fig.(ii)

In fig (i) : ÐFAC + ÐECB + ÐDBA = 360°

In fig (ii) : ÐFAB + ÐDBC + ÐECA = 360°

l A triangle must have at least two acute angles.

l In a triangle, the measure of an exterior angle equals the sum of the measures of the interior opposite angles.

l The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of each of its opposite interior
angles.

53
Class VI
ALLEN
n Introduction
A four sided closed figure is called a quadrilateral.
l Properties
} Sum of four interior angles is 360°.
} The figure formed by joining the mid-points of a quadrilateral is a parallelogram.

A
D F

C B
} The sum of opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribed about a circle, is always equal.

N
1
} Area of quadrilateral = × one of the diagonals × sum of the perpendiculars drawn to the diagonals
2
from the opposite vertices.

E
1
i.e, Ar ( ABCD) = × AC × (DE + BF)
2

L
n Types of quadrilaterals
l Parallelogram

L
A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel.
D C
l Properties

A
} The opposite sides are parallel and equal.
} Opposite angles are equal.
} Sum of any two adjacent angles is 180°. A B

} Diagonals bisect each other. D C

} Diagonals need not be equal in length.

h
} Diagonals need not bisect at right angle.
q
} Diagonals need not bisect angles at the vertices. A E B
} Each diagonal divides a parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

} Lines joining the mid-points of the adjacent sides of a quadrilateral form a parallelogram.
} Lines joining the mid-points of the adjacent sides of a parallelogram is a parallelogram.
} The parallelogram that is inscribed in a circle is a rectangle.
} The parallelogram that is circumscribed about a circle is a rhombus.
} (AC)2 + (BD)2 = (AB)2 + (BC)2 + (CD)2 + (AD)2 = 2(AB2 + BC2)
} Parallelogram that lie on the same base and between the same parallel lines are equal in area.
} A parallelogram is a rectangle if its diagonals are equal.
l Rectangle
A parallelogram in which all the four angles at vertices are right (i.e., 90°), is called a rectangle.

54
 Mathematics
ALLEN
l Properties
} Opposite sides are parallel and equal.
} Opposite angles are equal and of 90°.

} Diagonals are equal and bisect each other, but not necessarily at right angles.
} When a rectangle is inscribed in a circle, the diameter of the circle is equal to the diagonal of the
rectangle.
} For the given perimeter of rectangles, a square has maximum area.
} The figure formed by joining the mid-points of the adjacent sides of a rectangle is a rhombus.
} The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of intersection of the angle bisectors of a parallelogram
is a rectangle.
} Every rectangle is a parallelogram.

N
n Square
A rectangle whose all sides are equal or a rhombus whose all angles are equal is called a square. Thus each
square is a parallelogram, a rectangle and a rhombus.

L E
L
l Properties
} All sides are equal and parallel.

A
} All angles are right angles.
} Diagonals are equal and bisect each other at right angle.
} The figure formed by joining the mid-points of the adjacent sides of a square is a square.
n Terms and facts related to circles
l Radius : A line segment joining the centre and a point on the circle is called its radius, generally denoted by r.
The plural of radius is radii.
l Circumference
The perimeter of a circle is called its circumference. Circumference = 2pr, where r is the radius
l Interior and exterior of a circle
The region consisting of all those points which lie inside a circle, is called the interior of the circle. The region
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

consisting of all those points which lie outside a circle, is called the exterior of the circle.
l Circular region or circular disc : The region consisting of all those points which are either on the circle or lie inside
the circle, is called the circular region.
l Chord : A line segment joining any two points on a circle is called a chord of the circle.
l Diameter : A chord of the circle passing through the centre of a circle is called its diameter.
Diameter = 2 × Radius
l Properties : (i) Diameter is the largest chord of a circle.
(ii) All diameters of a circle are equal in length.
l Secant : A line which intersects a circle in two distinct points is called a secant of the circle.
l Tangent : A line that intersects the circle in exactly one point is called a tangent of the circle.
The point at which the tangent intersects the circle is called its point of contact.

55
Class VI
ALLEN
l Facts about tangents
} No tangent can be drawn to a circle through a point inside the circle :
} One and only one tangent can be drawn to a circle at a point on the circle.
} Two tangents can be drawn to a circle from a point outside it.
l Touching circles
Two circles are said to touch each other if and only if they have one and only one point in common. Two circles
may touch externally. The common point is called the point of contact, and the line joining their centres is called
the line of centres. A line touching the two circles is called a common tangent.
l Direct common tangents
A common tangent to two circles is called a direct common tangent if both the circles lie on the same side of it.
l Transverse common tangents
A common tangent to two circles is called a transverse common tangent if the circles lie on its opposite sides.

N
} Arc : A continuous piece of a circle is called an arc of the circle.
} Minor and major arc : An arc less than one-half of the whole arc of a circle is called a minor arc and
an arc greater than one-half of the whole arc of a circle is called a major arc of the circle.

E
} Central Angle : An angle subtended by an arc at the centre of a circle is called its central angle.
} Congruent circles : Two circles of equal radii are said to be congruent.

L
} Concentric circles
Circles having same centre but different radii are called concentric circles.

L
} Concyclic points
The points, which lie on the circumference of the same circle, are called concyclic points.
} Segment : A segment is a part of a circular region bounded by an arc and a chord, including the arc and

A
the chord. The segment containing the minor arc is called a minor segment, while the other one is a
major segment.
The centre of the circle lies in the major segment.
} Alternate segments of a circle
The minor and major segments of a circle are called alternate segments of each other.
} Sector of a circle
The part of the plane region enclosed by an arc of a circle and its two bounding radii is called a sector of the circle.
} Quadrant : One-fourth of a circular disc is called a quadrant.
} Cyclic Quadrilateral : If all the four vertices of a quadrilateral lie on a circle, then such a quadrilateral
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

is called a cyclic quadrilateral.

1. Equal chords of a circle subtend equal angles at the centre.
2. The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to chord bisects the chord.
3. The straight line drawn from the centre of a circle to bisect a chord, is perpendicular to the chord.
4. One and only one circle, passing through three non-collinear points.
5. Equal chords of a circle are equidistant from the centre.
6. Chords of a circle that are equidistant from the centre of the circle, are equal.
7. The angle subtended by an arc of a circle at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the
remaining part of the circle.
8. Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.

56
 Mathematics
ALLEN
9. The angle in a semi-circle is a right angle.

10. If an arc of a circle subtends a right angle at any point on the remaining part of the circle, then the arc is a semi circle.

11. The opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are supplementary.

12. If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary, then the quadrilateral is cyclic.

13. The exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite angle.

14. In equal circles (or in the same circle), if two arcs subtend equal angles at the centre, they are equal.

15. In equal circles (or in the same circle), if two arcs are equal, they subtend equal angles at the centre.

16. In equal circles (or in the same circle), if two chords are equal, they cut off equal arcs.
17. In equal circles (or in the same circle), if two arcs are equal, then their chords are equal.

18. The tangent at any point of a circle and the radius through the point are perpendicular to each other.

19. A pair of tangents drawn at two points of a circle are either parallel or they intersect each other at a point

N
outside the circle.

20. If two tangents drawn to a circle are parallel to each other, then the line-segment joining their points of contact

E
is a diameter of the circle.

21. The distance between two parallel tangents to a circle is equal to the diameter of the circle, i.e., twice the radius.

L
22. A pair of tangents drawn to a circle at the end points of a diameter of a circle are parallel to each other.

23. A pair of tangents drawn to a circle at the end points of a chord of the circle, other than a diameter, intersect

L
each other at a point outside the circle.

24. A line drawn through the end point of a radius and perpendicular to it is a tangent to the circle

25. If O be the centre of a circle and tangents drawn to the circle at the points A and B of the circle intersect each

A
other at P, then ÐAOB + ÐAPB = 180°.

P B

26. If two tangents are drawn to a circle from an exterior point, then
(i) The tangents are equal in length
(ii) The tangents subtend equal angles at the centre
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(iii) The tangents are equally inclined to the line joining the point and the centre of the circle.
27. If PA and PB are two tangents from a point to a circle with centre O touching it at A and B Prove that OP is
perpendicular bisector of AB.

P O
C

28. Two circles in a plane, either intersect each other in two points or touch each other at a point or they neither
intersect nor touch each other.

57
Class VI
ALLEN
n Areas and perimeters
Triangle
1
l Area of triangle = × base × height
2

= s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)

a+b+c
where, s = (semi-perimeter)
2
A
A

b
c
height(h)

B C B C

N
base (b) a

l Perimeter of triangle = a + b + c

E
3 2
l Area of an equilateral triangle = a , where a is its side.
4

L
3
l Median/altitude/centroid of an equilateral triangle = a.

L
2
l If R be the radius of the circumcircle and r be the radius of an incircle of an equilateral triangle then
a a
R= ,r= , i.e., R = 2r

A
3 2 3
l Perimeter of an equilateral triangle = 3a,
a h a
b
Area of an isosceles triangle = 4a 2 - b2
4
1 b
l Height (h) of an isosceles triangle = 4a 2 - b2
2
n Rectangle
l Area of a rectangle = length × breadth
(d)
l Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(l + b) g onal bredth
dia b2
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(b) l2 b1
l Length of the diagonal = 2
l +b 2
w
length(l)
l1
l Area of track = (l1b1 – l2b2)

n Square

1 2 )
l Area of a square = (side)2 = d l (d
2 o na
ag
di
l Perimeter of a square = 4a

l Diagonal of a square = 2a side (a)

58
 Mathematics
ALLEN
n Circle
l Area of circle = pr2
l Circumference of a circle = 2pr
l Diameter = 2 × radius
1 2
l Area of semicircle = pr
2
l Perimeter of semicircle = pr + d

r r

r
d

N
l Area of circular path/track/ring = p[R2 – r2]

q 1
l Area of a sector of a circle = × pr2 = lr r
360° 2

E
R
q
l Length of the arc (l) = × 2pr
360°

L
l Area of a segment = Area of sector – area of DAOB

L
1 2
l Area of DAOB = r sinq
2

A
O O

r r q r
q
A B A B

l l
n Short cuts
l If the length of a square/rectangle is increased by x% and the breadth is increased by y%, the net effect on the
area is given by

é xy ù
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

Net effect = ê x + y + ú%
ë 100 û
l If the length of a square/rectangle is increased by x% and the breadth is decreased by y%, the net effect on the
area is given by

é xy ù
Net effect = ê x - y - %
ë 100 úû

l If the length and breadth of a square/rectangle are decreased by x% and y% respectively, the net effect on the
area is given by

é xy ù
Net effect = ê - x - y + %
ë 100 úû

59
Class VI
ALLEN
l If the side of a square/rectangle/triangle is doubled the area is increased by 300% i.e., the area becomes four
time of itself.

æ x2 ö
l If the radius of a circle is decreased by x%, the net effect on the area is çè - 100 ÷ø %, i.e., the area is decreased

æ x2 ö
by çè 100 ÷ø %.

æ lb ö
l If a floor of dimensions l m × b m is to be covered by a carpet of width w m, the length of the carpet is çè ÷ø m.
w
l If a floor of dimensions l m × b m is to be covered by a carpet of width w m at the rate Rs. X per metre, then

æ Xlb ö
the total amount required is Rs. çè .
w ÷ø

l If a room of dimensions lm × bm is to be paved with square tiles then

N
(i) the side of the square tile = HCF of l and b

E
l´ b
(ii) the no. of tiles required =
( HCF of l and b)2

L
l If the sides of a rectangular field of area X sq. m are in the ratio m : n then the sides are given by

m n
X. and X. .

L
n m

l Area of a square inscribed in a circle of radius r is 2r2 and the side of a square inscribed in a circle of radius r is

A
2r .

l The area of the largest triangle inscribed in a semicircle of radius r is r2.

n(n – 3)
l The number of diagonals of a regular polygon of n sides is given by .
2

l If a square hall x meters long is surrounded by a verandah (on the outside of the hall) d meters wide, the area of
the verandah is given by 4d(x + d) sq m.
l If the verandah is made inside, the area is given by 4d(x – d) sq. m.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

60
 Mathematics
ALLEN
GEOMETRY SOLVED EXAMPLES

1. The side AC of a triangle is of length 2.7 cms and the side AB has length 0.7 cms. If the length of the side
BC is an integer, what is the length of BC?
Sol. The length of BC must be less than AB + AC = 0.7 + 2.7 = 3.4 cms. Also it must be greater than
AC – AB = 2.7 – 0.7 = 2 cms. Therefore the only integral value possible for BC is 3 cms.
2. In the adjoining figure, AOC is a straight line, and ÐAOB = 42°. OP and OQ trisect angle AOB [which means
that they divide the angle into three equal parts.] OR and OS trisect angle ÐBOC. Showing all working calculate
the angle ÐQOR and ÐPOS.

S B

N
Q
P

E
O
C A

L
Sol. R
S B
Q

L
46° 46° 14°
14°
46° 14°
A

A
mÐQOR = mÐQOB + mÐBOR
= 46°+ 14°
mÐQOR = 60°.

mÐPOS = 14° + 14° + 46° + 46° = 120°

uuur uuur
Note : OP, OQ trisects mÐBOA = 42°

42°
\ mÐBOQ = mÐQOP = mÐPOA = = 14°
3
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

mÐBOC,mÐBOA are linear pairs.

\ mÐBOC = 180° – 42° = 138°

uuur uuur
OR, OS trisects mÐBOC = 138°

138°
\ mÐSOC = mÐROS = mÐBOR = = 46°
3

\ mÐQOP = 60° mÐPOS = 120°

61
Class VI
ALLEN
3. In the adjoining figure ÐCBP + ÐBCQ = 250°, ÐACR + ÐCAS = 230° Determine the angles of the triangle
ABC.

S
A

C
R
B
P O

Sol. Given
ÐCBP + ÐBCQ = 250° ...(1)
ÐAGR + ÐCAS = 230° ...(2)
We have ÐCBP + ÐABC = 180° (Linear pair angles are supplementary).
Similarly, ÐBCQ + ÐACB = 180°

N
Adding the above two equations, we get
(ÐCBP + ÐBCQ) + ÐABC + ÐACB = 360°
or

E
250° + {ÐB + ÐC {(of DABC)} = 360°
from (1).
\ ÐB + ÐC = 360° – 250° = 110°

L
But ÐA + ÐB + ÐC = 180° Þ ÐA = 70°
ÐA = 70° Þ ÐCAS = 110° = Þ ÐACR = 120° from (2).
ÐACH = 120° Þ ÐC = 60°

L
\ ÐB = 50°
4. In the adjoining figure find the size of ÐACE, given AD = DB and DE = DC.
A C B

A
E
40°

A C B A B
Sol. z t z z z
y
y
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

E
40°

D D

A C B
z

E
40°

62
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Let the angle measures be indicated as above.
By exterior angle property of ÐC in DBDC,
t + y = 40° + z ....(1)
By exterior angle property angle measure DAEC,
we get z + t = y ....(2)
Þ t + z + t = 40° + z
(or) t = 20° Þ ÐACE = 20°
5. PQRS is a rectangle. PR is its diagonal (see diagram). A and B are also rectangles. Compare the areas of A
and B.

P Q
B

N
S R

Sol. Diagonal of a rectangle divides it into 2 equal triangular parts.

E
From the figure, we get
P Q
Area (1) = Area (2) (2) B
(1)

L
Area (3) = Area (4)
A (3) (4)
Area (2) + B + Area (4) S R

= Area (1) + A+ Area (3)

L
Þ B=A

\ The areas of rectangles A and B are equal.

A
6. In the adjoining figure, the three squares are equal. COD = 30°, FOG = 15°. Find the angles of the triangles
OCD, OFG, IOA. Find also the interior angles of the polygon ABCDEFGHI.
H

I G
A F

O
30°
B E
C D
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

Sol. The total angles around O = 360°

\ 90 + 30 + 90 + 15 + 90 + ÐIOA = 360°
H
Þ ÐIOA = 45°
Two triangles OCD,OFG and OIA are isosceles. I
G
Considering the triangle OCD. A F
45°
30° + ÐOCD + ÐODC = 180°
O
2ÐOCD = 180° – 30° = 150° 30°
B E
ÐOCD = 75° = ÐODC
C D
In the isosceles triangle OFG
15° + ÐOFG + ÐOGF = 180°
63
Class VI
ALLEN
Þ 2OFG = 180° – 15° = 165°
1
\ ÐOFG = 82 ° = ÐOGF
2
In the isosceles triangle OIA
45° + ÐOIA + ÐOAI = 180°
Þ 2ÐOIA = 135°
1
\ ÐOIA = 67 ° = ÐOAI
2
Now, ABCDEFGHI is a nanogon (a 9 sided polygon)
ÐB = 90°, ÐBCD = 90° + 75° = 165°
ÐCDE = 90° + 75° = 165°
1 1
ÐE = 90°, ÐEFG = 90° + 82 ° = 172 °
2 2

N
1 1 1
ÐFGH = 172 ° , ÐH = 90°, ÐHIA = 90° + 67 ° = 157 °
2 2 2

E
1
ÐIAB = 57 °
2

L
7. 20 match sticks of equal lengths are arranged in the form of triangle as shown in the diagram. By rearranging
these match sticks how many triangles can be formed?

A L
Sol. Let a, b, c be the sides of a triangle.
Let the perimeter be 20 units
\ a + b + c = 20
But b + c > a
7 9

\ 20 > 2a Þ a < 10
Similarly with the other sides also. The sides must be positive integers. The following are the possibilities.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

abc
992
983
974
965
884
875
866
776
There are totally 8 triangles.

64
 Mathematics
ALLEN
8. ABC is a triangle in which Ð A = 50°, CA = CB. Sides BC, CA, AB are extended to X, Y and Z
respectively. The bisectors of the exterior angles ACX, BAY, CBZ form the triangle PQR as shown in the figure?.
Calculate the angles of the triangle PQR.

y
A Q
R
50°

B
C x
z

N
130
Sol. ÐBAY + 50° = 180° Þ ÐBAY = 130° Þ ÐRAB = = 65°
2

E
ÐABC = 50° (Q AC = BC)
ÐCBZ + 50° = 180° Þ ÐCBZ = 130° Þ ÐCBP = 65°

L
ÐACB = 180° – (50° + 50°) = 80°
\ ÐACX + 80° = 180° Þ ÐACX = 100°

L
100
Þ ÐACQ = = 50°
2

A
Consider the triangle PBC
ÐPBC + ÐBCP + ÐP = 180°
65° + 50° + ÐP = 180°

ÐP = 180° – 115° = 65°

Consider the triangle QAC
)
ÐQAC + ÐQCA + Q = 180°
65° + 50° + Q = 180°
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

)
Þ Q = 65°
Consider the triangle PQR
ÐP + ÐQ + ÐR = 180°
65° + 65° + ÐR = 180°

ÐR = 50°
) ) )
) A ) B ) C
Note : In fact, wo can prove that P = 90° – , Q = 90° – and R = 90° –
2 2 2

65
Class VI
ALLEN
9. ABCD is a quadrilateral AB = AD, BC = CD, ÐBAD = ÐBDC = 20°. The measure of the angles ÐABC,
ÐBCD and ÐCDA are respectively
(1) 100°, 140°,100° (2) 20°, 140°, 100°
(3) 100°, 100°, 20° (4) 140°, 100°, 100°
A
Sol.
20°

B D
20°

C
(1) AB = AD, ÐA = 20°, implies

N
180 - 20
ÐABD = ÐADB = = = 80o
20
(2) BC = CD implies ÐCBD = ÐCDB = 20° and therefore

E
ÐBCD = 180–40 = 140°
ÐCDA = ÐCDB + ÐBDA = 20°+80° = 100°
ÐABC = ÐABD + ÐDBC = 80° + 20° = 100°
measures of ÐABC, ÐBCD, ÐCDA are 100°, 140°, 100° respectively.

L
1
10. In the diagram ABCD is a quadrilateral. ÐABC = 150°, ÐDAB = ÐABC and ÐBCD = 60°. Then ÐADP
3

L
and ÐAPD are respectively
A

A
R

D P
C
(1) 100° and 30° (2) 110° and 20° (3) 80° and 40° (4) 120° and 10°
Sol. In the quadrilateral ABCD,
A

B
150°
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

D C P
1
ÐABC = 150°, ÐDAB = ÐABC
3
1
= × 150° = 50°, ÐBCD = 60°
3
\ ÐADC = 360° – (150° + 50 + 60°) = 100°
ÐAPD = 180° – (ÐDAP + ÐADP) [in DADP]
= 180° – (ÐDAB + ÐADC)
= 180° – (50° + 100°) = 30°
\ ÐADP and ÐAPD are 100° and 30° (respectively)

66
 Mathematics
ALLEN
11. In the adjoining rangoli design the distance between any two adjacent dots is 1 unit. In the diagram we find
the triangle ABC is equilateral. Then number of smallest equilateral triangles thus formed by joining the dots
suitably is

A
B
C

(1) 24 (2) 28 (3) 15 (4) 30

Sol.

N
A
B
C R

E
S

L
P
Each of the parallelogram designs has four equllateral triangles [ln the parallelogram PQRS, one can observe
four equilateral triang les). There arc six such parallelograms giving 6 × 4 = 24 equ ilateral

L
triangles, and in the Interior hexagon, joining middle point to the six vertices of the hexagon gives 6 more equilateral
triangles and totally there are 30 smaller equilateral triangles.
12. In the adjoining figure the value of x is ______.

A
A

3x
x
4
4

B x
E C
125°

A
Sol.
3x
x
4
4
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

B x
E C
125°

In triangle ABC
Exterior angle = Sum of
the interior opposite angles
Þ ÐCBD = ÐBAC + ÐACB
x 3x x + 3x + 4x
125° = + +x = = 2x
4 4 4
o
1
\ x = 62 .
2
67
Class VI
ALLEN
1
13. In the figure, the radius of each of the smallest circles is of the radius of the biggest circle. The radius of
12
each of the middle sized circles is three times the radius of the smallest circle. The area of the shaded portion
is_______times the area of the biggest circle.

N
Sol. Let radius of the biggest circle can be 12r.

Then the radius of the smallest circle is r and the middle arc is 3r.

E
Area of the shaded portion is = to the area of the biggest circle

L
+ area of 3 medium sized circles

— area of 1 medium sized circle

L
— area of 3 small circle

= area ot biggest circle + area of two medium sized circles

= area of 3 small circles = p(12r)2 + 2.p(3r)2–3.pr2

A
= pr2(144 + 18–3) = pr2(159).

pr 2 × 159 53
Area of the shaded portion = = times
pr 2 × 144 48

the area of the biggest circle.

53
The answer is .
48
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

Carefully observe the figure.

14. ABCD is a rectangle. AP,AQ divide ÐDAB in to three equal parts and BP and BQ divide ÐCBA into three
equal parts. If k(ÐAPB) = (ÐAQB) then the value of k is

D C
P

A B

68
 Mathematics
ALLEN
90
Sol. ÐQAB = ÐQBA = = 30 o
3

D C
P

A B

ÐQAB + ÐQBA = 30 + 30 = 60°

\ ÐAQB = 180° – 60° = 120°

Similarly

ÐPAB + ÐPBA = 60 + 60 = 120°

N
ÐAPB = 180 – 120 = 60°

k(ÐAPB) = mÐAQB

E
k(60) = 120° Þ k = 2.

15. In the figure ÐXOY = ÐAOB = 90°. The measure of ÐXOB = 126°. The measure of ÐAOY is

L
A

L
X

A
O B

Sol. X

O B
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

ÐXOB =

ÐXOY + ÐYOB = 126°

90 + ÐYOB = 126° Þ ÐYOB = 36°

ÐAOB = 90°

ÐAOY + ÐYOB = 90°

ÐAOY + 36 = 90° Þ ÐAOY = 54°

69
Class VI
ALLEN
GEOMETRY EXERCISE

SECTION A
1. In the figure, the arrowed lines are parallel. The value of x is _____________.

x 28
108

(1) 108° (2) 152° (3) 136° (4) None of these

2. In the figure, ABCD is a rhombus. BFC and ABE equilateral triangle. ÐBCD = 34º. Then ÐEFB = _____.

N
F

E
B
C
34º

L
A
D

L
(1) 94º (2) 43º (3) 34º (4) 68º
3. In the figure, the area of each circle is 4p square units. The area of the square in the same square units is
_________.

4.

5.
(1) 144
A (2) 169 (3) 121

of each rectangle are integer multiples of 3 is ___________.

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 3
(4) 156
The maximum number of rectangles with different perimeters and an area of 216 cm2, if the length and breadth

(4) 6
A rectangle of dimensions 3cm by 8 cm is cut along the dotted line shown. The cut piece is then joined with
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

the remaining piece to form a right angled triangle. The perimeter of this triangle is _______ cm.

5 3
4 4
3 3 5 3
8

(1) 21 (2) 24 (3) 26 (4) 19

70
 Mathematics
ALLEN
6. In the adjoining figure, the number of triangle formed is

A
F O E

B D C

(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 10 (4) 16

7. In the figure shown B, C, D lie on the same line. mÐECD = 90º

A
2xº
?
2xº
B
C 90º xº D
2xº

N
E

(1) 125° (2) 150° (3) 120° (4) None of these

E
8. DABC is an isosceles triangle with mÐA = 20º and AB = AC. D and E are points on AB and AC such that
AD = AE. I is the midpoint of the segment DE.

L
A
20º
I

L
D E

B C

If BD = ID, then the angles of DIBC are

A
(1) 110º, 35º, 35º (2) 100º, 40º, 40º (3) 80º, 50º, 50º (4) 90º, 45º, 45º
9. In the figure given BCFE, DFEA are squares, BC = 5 units, HE = 1 unit, the length and breadth of the rectangle
ABCD are D F C
(1) 8 units and 5 untis
(2) 5 units and 10 units 5 unit
(3) 5 units and 7 units G H
1 unit

(4) 9 units and 5 units A E B

10. In an isosceles acute angled triangle one angle is 50º
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(I) The other two angles are 65º and 65º

(II) The other two angles are 50º and 80º
Then which one of the above statements can be true ?
(1) I only (2) II only (3) I and II both (4) either I or II but not both
11. O is the centre of the regular pentagon. What part of the whole pentagon is the shaded region ?
(1) 10%
(2) 20%
O
(3) 25%
(4) 30%

71
Class VI
ALLEN
12. An isosceles triangle has equal sides 7 units long and the length of the third side is an integer. The number of
such triangles is
(1) 13 (2) 11 (3) 9 (4) 7
13. Bases of four equilateral triangle form a square. Inside the square four circles of radius 5 units are drawn as
in the figure. The perimeter of the four cornered star is
(1) 100
(2) 120
(3) 160
(4) 200
14. The diameter of the circle in the picture is 10 cms. The perimeter of the region marked in thick line is cms.
is
(1) 12
(2) 16
(3) 20

N
(4) 24
15. Four circles of equal radii are centred at the four vertices of a square. These

E
4 circles touch a fifth circle of equal radius placed inside the square. The ratio
of the shaded area of the circles to the unshaded area of the circles is
(1) 1 : 3

L
(2) 2 : 3
(3) 3 : 4

L
(4) 2 : 5
16. Which one of the following is incorrect
I. Doubling the length of a rectangle doubles the area

A
II. Doubling the altitude of a triangle doubles the area
III. Doubling a given quantity may make its area lesser than the original
IV. Doubling the radius of a circle doubles the area
(1) Only I (2) Only III (3) II and III (4) III and IV
17. In the adjoining figure the parallel lines are marked by arrow lines. The value of the angle x is

80º
70º

90º
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(1) 60º (2) 70º (3) 80º (4) 50º

18. In the adjoining figure AG = 6 cm. AB = BC = CD = DE = EF = FG = 1 cm. Semicircles are drawn as in
the diagram. The total length of the path A to G along the smaller semicircles is x.
The length of the path (B to F) along the bigger semicircle is y. Then
(1) x < y
(2) x = y
(3) x > y A B C D E F G
(4) x + y = 6p

72
 Mathematics
ALLEN
19. The number of rectangle with integer sides and with perimeter 16 cm is
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 1
20. In the adjoining figure x =
A
(1) 40º
(2) 30º 130º 60º
G
(3) 20º
D x 50º C
(4) 10º B

21. There are 2009 equispaced points on a circle. The number of diameter determined by these points (the extremities
of any diameter should be two these 2009 points) are
(1) 0 (2) 2008 (3) 1004 (4) 2009
22. In figure A, five squares with sides 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm are arranged in the ascending order. In figure
B they are arranged as shown. By how much does the perimeter of the figure B exceed that of figure A.

1cm 2cm 3cm 4cm

Fig. A
5cm 1cm

E
4cm

N 2cm

Fig.B
5cm 3cm

L
(1) 0 cm (2) 4cm (3) 10cm (4) 14cm
23. ABCD is a square. ÐABE = 2ÐDAE = 30º. Then sides of the square are 10cm each. Then the length EC

L
is A B
30°
15° 60°
(1) greater than 10 cm
E

A
(2) equal to 10 cm
(3) less than 10 cm
D C
(4) not possible to calculate with the given information
24. In the adjoining diagram the number of white squares yet to be shaded, so that the number of the shaded squares
equals half the number of white squares is
(1) 5
(2) 10
(3) 6
(4) 8
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

25. In the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 100000000 the percentage of square number is ______
(1) 0.01 (2) 0.001 (3) 0.1 (4) None of these
26. In the figure each of the triangles and the square has the same perimeter. The perimeter of the whole figure
is _____ times the perimeter of the square.
(1) 2 A
B
(2) 3
(3) 4 D
C
(4) 6

73
Class VI
ALLEN
27. Three straight lines intersect at one point. Two of the angles are given. The value of the angle marked x is
______.
B C
(1) 40°
105° 110°
(2) 70° O
A D
x
(3) 60°
(4) 35° F E

28. The total number of angles formed in the figure is :-

(1) 9 A
(2) 10 C
(3) 13 B F G
(4) 16 D E
29. If each diagonal of a square has length 2, then the area of the square is :-

N
(1) 7 (2) 6 (3) 14 (4) 2
30. The area of the largest possible square inscribed in a circle of unit radius (i.e. radius = 1) is

E
(1) 2 (2) 2p (3) 4 (4) 2 2p

31. The adjacent sides of the decagon shown meet at right angles. The perimeter of the decagon is :-

L
(1) 28 2
(2) 192

L
(3) 56 10
(4) 36 16
32. A rectangle is divided into four smaller rectangles, as shown in the figure. Three of them have areas 6 cm,

A
18 cm and 36 cm, as indicated. The area of the shaded rectangle is :-
(1) 30 cm2
36 18
(2) 24 cm2
(3) 12 cm2
6
(4) 18 cm2
33. In the adjacent figure ACD is a line. The measure of angle BCE is :- A

(1) 120° 2x°

B 2x
E
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

(2) 150° C 90° 2x°

(3) 210°
(4) 270° x°
D
34. In the adjacent figure DE bisects ÐBDA and AD bisects ÐBAC. The measure of ÐBED is:-
A
(1) 85°
Y Y
(2) 95°
E
(3) 75°
40° X
X 80º
B C
(4) 105° D

74
 Mathematics
ALLEN
35. In a right triangle, if the square of the hypotenuse is twice the product of the other two sides, then one of the
angles of the triangle is:-

(1) 30° (2) 45° (3) 60° (4) 15°

36. A cylindrical pail containing water drains into a cylindrical tub of diameter 80 cm and height 100 cm, while
resting at an angle of 45° to the horizontal, as shown. How deep is the water in the tub when its level reaches
the pail?

(1) 40 cm 45° 40 D C
45°
(2) 50 cm

(3) 60 cm

(4) 45 cm 80

N
37. Turning a screw driver by 90°, we can drive a screw 5 mm deeper into a piece of wood. How many complete
revolutions are needed to drive the screw 6 cm into wood?

E
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 12

38. Suppose we cut an equilateral triangle and fold its vertices to meet at the centre. The folded figure has the

L
shape of

(1) a square

L
(2) an equilateral triangle

(3) a regular hexagon

A
(4) a rhombus

39. The diagram shows a ‘net’ to make a cube. When the cube is made, the face not adjacent to E is :-

(1) A A
(2) B B C D E

(3) C F

(4) F

40. Observe the way the squared paper in the figure is divided into three blocks.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

Which of them is a net for an open cubical box?

(1) X only

(2) Y only
(3) Y and Z only

(4) All X block is shaded

Y block is shaded
Z block is shaded

75
Class VI
ALLEN
41. A cube of side 6 cms is cut into a number of cubes, each of side 2 cm. The number of cubes will be :-

(1) 27 (2) 9 (3) 6 (4) 3

42. The larger cube in the figure consists of 27 unit cubes. If all the six faces are painted in colour
(say, in blue), how many unit cubes have only one (blue) coloured face?

(1) 6

(2) 8

(3) 12

(4) 27

43. Suppose a mirror stands on the Y-axis drawn on a graph sheet. Then the reflection of the point (–2,4) the mirror
will be :-

N
Y
(1) (2,4)

(–2,A) (2,A)

E
(2) (2, –4)
X
O
(3) (4,2)

L
(4) (4, –2)

L
44. In the adjacent figure ABCD is a square of side 2008 cm. It is divided as shown in the figure into four equal
squares. The top right hand side square is again divided into 4 equal squares. Again the right hand square is
divided into four equal squares. The side of each smallest square is

A
A B

D C
(1) 1004 cm (2) 1002 cm (3) 502 cm (4) 251 cm
45. A plank is placed on a tiled floor. What fraction of the floor is not covered by the plank ?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

1 3 17 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 8 64 8

76
 Mathematics
ALLEN
46. A square is divided into four identical rectangles. The perimeter of each one of these rectangles is
20 cm. What is the perimeter of the square ?

(1) 80 cm (2) 32 cm (3) 40 cm (4) 50 cm

47. Tulsi bought a square-shaped carpet. She removed two unequal rectangular regions from two of its corners,
as shown in the figure. Now she could fit the carpet quite exactly with the shape of her study room. If the perimeter
of the study room is 16 m, what was the area of the original carpet ?
(1) 256 m2
(2) 64 m2
(3) 32 m2
(4) 16 m2
48. 4 identical circles, each of radius 2cm are drawn and then a few arcs are erased to obtain the design shown

N
here. What is the area of the design ?

(1) 4 cm2 (2) 4p2 cm2

L
(3) 16 cm2

E
(4) 8 cm2

L
49. The points A, B, C and D are marked on a line l as shown in the figure

A B C D

A
AC = 12 cm, BD = 17 cm, AD = 22 cm. Then ç
æ AB ö is equal to
÷
è CD ø

5 1 7
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4)
7 2 5 A
130°
50. In the adjoining figure the value of x is
(1) 110°
E 150°
(2) 130°
B x
(3) 120° D
140°
(4) 125°
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

51. ABCD is a rectangle and is divided into two regions P and Q by the broken Zig Zag line as shown. Then
D C
(Q)

(P)

A B
(1) The perimeter of the region P is greater than the perimeter of the region Q.
(2) Area of region P is equal to the area of the region Q.
(3) Perimeter of region P is equal to the perimeter of region Q.
(4) Area of the region P is greater than the area of the region Q.

77
Class VI
ALLEN
A5 A6
52. AB is a line segment 2011 cm long. Squares are
drawn as in the diagram. The length of the broken A 1 A 2 A9 A10

line segment AA1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A10A11A12B is.

(1) 2011 cm A P Q R S T B

(2) 4022 cm A3 A 4 A 11 A12

(3) 6033 cm
(4) 8044 cm A7 A8
53. The four quarters of the circle (or quadrants) of radius 1 cm, are rearranged to form the adjacent shape. The
area of the second figure (in cm2) is
A B

D C

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4) 4

54. The base of a triangle is twice as long as a side of a square. Their areas are equal. Then the ratio of the altitude

N
of the triangle to this base to the side of the square is

1 1

E
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4) 2
4 2
55. In the adjoining figure points A1, A2, A3,A4 are located on the line L1 and B1,B2,B3 are located on the line L2.

L
Each one of the points on L1 is connected to each one of the point on L2. (Example A1 to B3 and A4 to B1
as in the figure). The line segments are not extended. No line segment passes through the point of intersection
of any two lines segments. The number of points of inter section of all these line segments is (Exclusive of A1,

L
A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, B3).

A1 A2 A3 A4
L1

A
L2
B1 B2 B3

(1) 15 (2) 16 (3) 17 (4) 18

56. The length and breadth of a square are increased by 30% and 20% respectively. The area of the rectangle
so formed exceeds the area of the square by
(1) 25% (2) 50% (3) 60% (4) 56%
57. ABCD is a rectangular play ground in which AB = 40 m and BC = 30 m. The physical director of the school
gave punishment to two students Samrud and Saket. Samrud has to start from A and go round the play ground
along ABCDA twice. Saket has to start from A go along AM, MN, NC, CP, PQ and to A two times. MN is
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

perpendicular to CD and PQ perpendicular to DA. Then

A M
B

Q P

D C
N
(1) Samrud covers more distance than Saket
(2) Saket covers more distance than Samrud
(3) Samrud and Saket cover equal distances
(4) Saker covers exactly twice the distance Samrud covers

78
 Mathematics
ALLEN
58. In the rhombus ABCD, AB = 10 cm. Neither the triangle ABC nor the triangle ABD can have perimeter of
C

A
(1) 40 cm (2) 35 cm (3) 30 cm (4) 25 cm
59. Each side of a triangle is of different length. One side is 6 cm, one side is more than 6 cm and one side is less
than 6 cm. The perimeter of the triangle could not be
(1) 13 cm (2) 18 cm (3) 22 cm (4) 24 cm
60. How many faces has the object shown? (Prism with a hole)

E N
L
(1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 8

L
61. The quadrilateral on the right has the following side lengths: AB =11, BC = 7, CD = 9 and DA = 3. The angles
at points A and C are C right angles. What is the area of the quadrilateral?
C

A
D

A B
(1) 30 (2) 44 (3) 48 (4) 52
62. The "tower" in the diagram on the left is made up of a sqaure, a rectangle and an equlateral triangle. Each
of those three shapes has the same perimeter. The side length of the square is 9cm. How long is the side of
the rectangle indicated?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

?
9 cm

(1) 4 cm (2) 5 cm (3) 6 cm (4) 7 cm

79
Class VI
ALLEN
63. We want to build a box with the measurements 40 × 40 × 60 using all identical cubes. What is the minimum
number of cubes needed?
(1) 6 (2) 12 (3) 96 (4) 1200
64. In the diagram opposite there is an object with 6 triangular faces. On each corner there is a number (two are
shown). The sum of the numbers on the corners of each triangle is the same. What is the sum of all 5 numbers?
1

(1) 9 (2) 12 (3) 17 (4) 18

65. ABCD is a square with side length 10cm. The distance of N to M measures 6cm. Each area not shaded grey

N
is either a sqaure or an isosceles triangle. How big is the area shaded in grey?

D N M C

L E
L
A B

A
(1) 42 cm2 (2) 46 cm2 (3) 48 cm2 (4) 52 cm2
66. Arjun has connected all the upper and lower points with straight lines. How many lines has he drawn?
(1) 20 (2) 25 (3) 30 (4) 35
67. What is the perimeter of the figure shown (all angles are right angles)?
5
2 5
4 5
2
(1) 31 (2) 38 (3) 42 (4) 46
68. If you are given the three corner points of a triangle and want to add a fourth point to make the four corners
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

of a parallelogram. In how many places can the fourth point be placed?

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
69. The 8 corners of the shape in the picture are to be labelled with the numbers 1, 2, 3 or 4, so that the numbers
at the ends of each of the lines shown are different. How often does the number 4 appear on the shape?
1

3
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

80
 Mathematics
ALLEN
70. The picture shows a rectangle with four identical triangles. Determine the total area of the triangles.

14 cm
14 cm
30 cm
(1) 46 cm2 (2) 52 cm2 (3) 54 cm2 (4) 56 cm2

71. A square with perimeter 48 cm is cut into two equally big pieces with one cut. They are fitted together to make
a rectangle as shown in the diagram. How big is the perimeter of that rectangle?

E N
(1) 24 cm (2) 30 cm (3) 48 cm (4) 60 cm

72. Katrina has 38 matches. She uses all the matches and makes a triangle and a square. The triangle and the

L
square do not share any matches. Each side of the triangle consists of 6 matches. One side of the square is
made of how many matches?

L
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

73. Each square in the shape has an area of 4 cm2. How long is the thick line?

74.
(1) 16 cm
A (2) 18 cm (3) 20 cm (4) 21 cm

Kathi draws a square with side length 10 cm. Then she joins the midpoints of each side to form a smaller square.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

What is the area of the smaller square?

10 cm

(1) 10 cm2 (2) 20 cm2 (3) 40 cm2 (4) 50 cm2

81
Class VI
ALLEN
75. Sambit has two equally big squares made of paper. He glues them together. Which of the following shapes can
he not make?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

76. The perimeter of the rectangle ABCD is 30 cm. Three more rectangles are added so that their centres are
in the corners A, B and D and their sides are parallel to the rectangle (see diagram). The sum of the perimeters
of these three rectangles is 20 cm.

N
What is the length of the boarder of the shape (thick black line)?

E
A B

L
D C

L
(1) 50 cm (2) 45 cm (3) 40 cm (4) 35 cm
77. Kiara forms one big triangle made up of identical little triangles. She has already put some triangles together

A
(see diagram). What is the minimum number of little triangles she has to add?

(1) 5 (2) 9 (3) 12 (4) 15

78. Bittu folds a piece of paper, then punches a hole into the paper and unfolds it again.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

The unfolded paper then looks like this:

Along which dotted line has Bittu folded the paper beforehand?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

82
 Mathematics
ALLEN
79. Madhavan has three squares. The first one has side length 2 cm, the second one has side length 4 cm and one
corner is the centre of the first square. The third square has side length 6 cm and one corner is the centre of
the second square. What is the total area of the figure shown?

(1) 51 cm2 (2) 32 cm2 (3) 27 cm2 (4) 16 cm2

80. A star consist of a square and four triangles. All sides of the triangles are equally long. The perimeter of the
square is 36 cm. What is the perimeter of the star?
(1) 120 cm
(2) 104 cm

N
(3) 90 cm
(4) 72 cm

E
81. A figure is made up of three squares. The side length of the smallest square is 6 cm. How long is the side length
of the biggest square? 2 cm

L
(1) 8 cm

(2) 10 cm 2 cm

L
(3) 12 cm

(4) 14 cm

A
82. The figure shown on the right consists of one square part and eight rectangular parts. Each part is 8 cm wide.
Hari assembles all parts to form one long, 8 cm wide rectangle. How long is this rectangle?

(1) 150 cm

(2) 168 cm

(3) 196 cm

(4) 200 cm
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

83. Harsha has started to draw a cat. She then adds some eyes.

Which picture could show her finished drawing?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

83
Class VI
ALLEN
84. Which of the following geometrical figures does not appear in the big picture?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Triangle Square Hexagon Octagon
SECTION B

N
85. 42 identical cubes, each with 1 cm edges are glued together to form a rectangular solid. If the
perimeter of the base is 18 cm, find the height of the rectangular solid.
86. If each side of a triangle has different length (It is a scalene triangle) and length of two sides are
7 and 12, then its perimeter is atleast ................ ?

E
87. A 3 × 8 rectangle is cut into two pieces along the dotted line shown. The two pieces are then
rearranged to form a right-angled triangle. What is the perimeter of the triangle formed ?

L
4

L
3

8
88. (i) The sum of the squares of the length of three sides of a right triangle is 800. What is the length of its hypotenuse ?

A
A

c
b

C a B
(ii) As shown, a vertex of a square with sides of length 2 and the centre of a circle with a radius of 2 cm coincide.
What is the area of the shaded region ?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

89. In the diagram, O is the center of the circle, AB||CD , ÐABO = 24°, and ÐOBC = ÐOCD Find ÐBOC.

A B
24°

D C

84
 Mathematics
ALLEN
90. ABCD is a rectangle. P is the midpoint of AD; the length of BQ is one third of the length of BC. What fraction
of the area of the rectangle is the area of the shaded quadrilateral ABQP ?
A B

Q
P

D C
91. In the figure, A – B – C is a straight line and BD is perpendicular to BE. If m DBC = 48°, Find m ABE .
D

B 90°
A C

N
E
92. The length of a rectangle is increased by 20% and its width is decreased by 10%. What is the percent of increase

E
or decrease in the area of the rectangle ?
93. The hypotenuses of four congruent isosceles right triangles serve as the side of a square as shown in the dia-
gram. Area of the square is 18 cm. What is the area of the shaded portion ?

94.

L L
Three students decide to cut a 6-cm by 9-cm rectangular cake into three portions of equal area, as shown below.

A
What is the number of cms in the perimeter of the portion with the greatest perimeter? Express your answer
as a decimal to the nearest tenth.

95. If the area of each circle is 4p cm2 what is the area of the square ?

96. The area of the right triangle shown in the figure is 18 cm. What is the area of the circle ?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

97. From a square metal plate, a circle of maximum size is cut out ; again from this circular plate, a square of
maximum size is cut out. Find the ratio of the metal wasted to the metal of the original square.
a

a
2
a

85
Class VI
ALLEN
98. (i) An equilateral triangle and a regular hexagon have the same perimeter. What is the ratio of the area of the
triangle to the area of the hexagon ?
(ii) Point Z is on the side PR of triangle PQR such that mÐPZQ = mÐPQZ and mÐPQR – mÐPRQ = 42°.
Find mÐRQZ = ?
P

Q R
99. Triangle ABC has a right angle at ÐC. Points D and E are on AB such that AD = AC and BE = BC. Find
mÐDCE = ?
C

N
A E D B

L E
Que.
Ans.
Que.
Ans.
Que.
Ans.
1
3
16
4
31
3
2
2
17
1
32
3A
3
1
18
3
33
2
4
1
19
3
34
1
5
L
2
20
3
35
2
6
ANSWER KEY

4
21
1
36
3
SECTION A
7
3
22
2
37
2
8
2
23
2
38
3
9
4
24
1
39
3
10
4
25
1
40
4
11
4
26
2
41
1
12
1
27
4
42
1
13
3
28
4
43
1
14
3
29
4
44
4
15
2
30
1
45
4
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 4 3 2 3 3 3 2 1 3 4 4 3 4 4
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\3. Geometry.

Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 2 4 4 1
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84
Ans. 3 2 4 1 4 3 4 2 4

SECTION B
24
85. n = 3 86. 24 87. 26 88. (i) C = 20, (ii) 89. 76
7
12
90. 91. ÐABE = 138° 92. 8% increase 93. 18 94. 9.8
5
2
95. 144 96. 36 p 97. 1 : 2 98. (i) (ii) 21 99. 45°
3

86
 Mathematics
ALLEN
4. RATIO AND PERCENTAGE
n Ratio
A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division. It is a relation that one quantity bears to another with respect
to magnitude. In other words, ratio means what part one quantity is of another. The quantities may be of same
kind or different kinds. For example, when we consider the ratio of the weight 45 kg of a bag of rice to the
weight 29 kg of a bag of sugar we are considering the quantities of same kind but when we talk of allotting
2 cricket bats to 5 sportsmen, we are considering quantities of different kinds. Normally, we consider the ratio
between quantities of the same kind.

a
If a and b are two numbers, the ratio of a to b is or a ¸ b and is denoted by a : b. The two quantities that
b
are being compared are called terms. The first is called antecedent and the second term is called consequent.

N
3
For example, the ratio 3 : 5 represents with antecedent 3 and consequent 5.
5

Notes:

E
1. A ratio is a number, so to find the ratio of two quantities, they must be expressed in the same units.
2. A ratio does not change if both of its terms are multiplied or divided by the same number. Thus,

L
2 4 6
= = etc.

L
3 6 9

n Types of ratios

A
l Duplicate Ratio : The ratio of the squares of two numbers is called the duplicate ratio of the two numbers.

32 9 3
For example, 2
or is called the duplicate ratio of .
4 16 4

l Triplicate Ratio : The ratio of the cubes of two numbers is called the triplicate ratio of the two numbers.

33 27 3
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

For example, 3 or is called the triplicate ratio of .

4 64 4

l Sub–duplicate Ratio : The ratio of the square roots of two numbers is called the sub-duplicate ratio of two
numbers.

3 9
For example, is the sub-duplicate ratio of .
4 16

l Sub–triplicate Ratio : The ratio of the cube roots of two numbers is called the sub-triplicate ratio of two numbers.

2 8
For example, is the sub-triplicate ratio of .
3 27

87
Class VI
ALLEN
l Inverse Ratio or Reciprocal Ratio : If the antecedent and consequent of a ratio interchange their places, the new
1 1
ratio is called the inverse ratio of the first. Thus, if a : b be the given ratio, then : or b : a is its inverse ratio.
a b

3 5
For example, is the inverse ratio of .
5 3

l Compound Ratio : The ratio of the product of the antecedents to that of the consequents of two or more given
ratios is called the compound ratio. Thus, if a : b and c : d are two given ratios, then ac : bd is the compound ratio
of the given ratios.

3 4 5 3× 4×5 3
For example, if , and be the given ratios, then their compound ratio is , that is , .
4 5 7 4×5×7 7

n Proportion
The equality of two ratios is called proportion.

N
a c
If = , then a, b, c and d are said to be in proportion and we write a : b :: c : d. This is read as “a is to b as
b d

E
c is to d”.

3 6
= , we write 3 : 4 :: 6 : 8 and say 3, 4, 6 and 8 are in proportion.

L
For example, since
4 8

a c

L
Each term of the ratio and is called a proportional. a, b, c and d are respectively, the first, second, third
b d
and fourth proportionals.
Here a, d are known as extremes and b, c are known as means.

A
If four quantities are in proportion, then
l Product of means = Product of extremes
For example, in the proportion a : b :: c : d, we have bc = ad.

Product of means

a : b : : c : d
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

Product of extremes

From this relation, we see that if any three of the four quantities are given, the fourth can be determined.

l Fourth proportional
If a : b :: c : x, x is called the fourth proportional of a, b, c.

a c b×c
We have = or, x = .
b x a

b×c
Thus, fourth proportional of a, b, c is
a

88
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Ex. Find a fourth proportional to the numbers 2, 5, 4.
Sol. Let x be the fourth proportional, then

2 4
2 : 5 :: 4 : x or = .
5 x

5´ 4
x= = 10.
2
l Third proportional
If a : b:: b : x, x is called the third proportional of a, b.

a b b2
We have = or x = .
b x a

b2
Thus, third proportional of a, b is .
a

N
Ex. Find a third proportional to the numbers 2.5, 1.5.
Sol. Let x be the third proportional, then

E
2.5 1.5
2.5 : 1.5 :: 1.5 : x or = .
1.5 x

L
1.5 ´ 1.5
x= = 0.9
2.5
l Mean proportional

L
If a : x :: x : b, x is called the mean or second proportional of a, b.

a x
We have = or x2 = ab or x = ab .

A
x b

\ Mean proportional of a and b is ab .

We also say that a, x, b are in continued proportion.
Ex. Find the mean proportional between 48 and 12.
Sol. Let x be the mean proportional. Then,

48 x
48 : x : : x : 12 or =
x 12
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

or, x2 = 576 or, x = 24.

a c
l If = , then
b d

a+b c+d
(i) = (Componendo)
b d

a–b c–d
(ii) = (Dividendo)
b d

a+b c+d
(iii) = (Componendo and dividendo) {a ¹ b, c ¹ d}
a–b c–d

a a+c a–c
(iv) = = . {b ¹ d}
b b+d b–d

89
Class VI
ALLEN
p
Ex. The sum of two numbers is c and their quotient is . Find the numbers.
q

Sol. Let the numbers be x, y.

Given x + y = c ...(1)

x p
and, = ...(2)
y q

x p
\ =
x+y p+q

x p
Þ = [Using (1)]
c p+q

pc
Þ x= .
p+q

N
pc qc
y=c–x =c– =
p+q p+q

E
ax
l If two numbers are in the ratio of a : b and the sum of these numbers is x, then these numbers will be and
a+b

L
bx
, respectively. OR
a+b

L
If in a mixture of x litres. two liquids A and B are in the ratio of a : b, then the quantities of liquids A and B in the

ax bx
mixture will be litres and litres, respectively.
a+b a+b

A
l If three numbers are in the ratio of a : b : c and the sum of these numbers is x, then these numbers will be

ax bx cx
, and , respectively.
a+b+c a+b+c a+b+c

Ex. Two numbers are in the ratio of 4 : 5 and the sum of these numbers is 27. Find the two numbers.
Sol. Here a = 4, b = 5 and x = 27.

ax 4 ´ 27
\ The first number = = = 12
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

a+ b 4+ 5

bx 5 ´ 27
and, the second number = = = 15.
a+b 4+ 5

Ex. Three numbers are in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 8 and the sum of these numbers is 975. Find the three numbers.
Sol. Here a = 3, b = 4, c = 8 and x = 975.

ax 3 ´ 975
\ The first number = = = 195.
a+b+c 3+ 4+ 8

bx 4 ´ 975
The second number = = = 260.
a+ b+ c 3+ 4+ 8

cx 8 ´ 975
and, the third number = = = 520.
a+b+c 3+ 4+ 8

90
 Mathematics
ALLEN
If two numbers are in the ratio of a : b and difference between these numbers is x, then these numbers will be

ax bx
(i) and , respectively (where a > b )
a–b a–b

ax bx
(ii) and , respectively (where a < b).
b–a b–a
Ex. Two numbers are in the ratio of 4 : 5. If the difference between these numbers is 24, then find the numbers.
Sol. Here a = 4, b = 5 and x = 24.

ax 4 ´ 24
\ The first number = = = 96.
b-a 5-4

bx 5 ´ 24
and the second number = = = 120.
b-a 5- 4
l If a : b = n1 : d1 and b : c = n2 : d2, then

N
a : b : c = (n1 ´ n2) : (d1 ´ n2) : (d1 ´ d2)
l If a : b = n1:d1, b : c = n2 : d2

E
and c : d = n3 : d3, then
a : b : c : d = (n1 ´ n2 ´ n3) : (d1 ´ n2 ´ n3) : (d1 ´ d2 ´ n3) : (d1 ´ d2 ´ d3).
Ex. If A : B = 3 : 4 and B : C = 8 : 9, find A : B : C.

L
Sol. Here n1 = 3, n2 = 8, d1 = 4 and d2 = 9.
A : B : C = (n1 ´ n2) : (d1 ´ n2) : (d1 ´ d2)

L
= (3 ´ 8) : (4 ´ 8) : (4 ´ 9)
= 24 : 32 : 36 or 6 : 8 : 9.
Ex. If A : B = 2 : 3, B : C = 4 : 5 and C : D = 6:7, find A : D.
Sol. Here n1 = 2, n2 = 4, n3 = 6, d1 = 3, d2 = 5 and d3 = 7.

A
\ A : B : C : D = (n1 ´ n2 ´ n3) : (d1 ´ n2 ´ n3) : (d1 ´ d2 : n3) : (d1 ´ d2 ´ d3)
= (2 ´ 4 ´ 6) : (3 ´ 4 ´ 6) : (3 ´ 5 ´ 6) : (3 ´ 5 ´ 7)
= 48 : 72 : 90 : 105 or 16 : 24 : 30 : 35.
Thus, A : D = 16 : 35.
l The ratio between two numbers is a:b, If x is added to each of these numbers, the ratio becomes
c : d. The two numbers are given as:

ax(c – d) bx(c – d)
and
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

ad – bc ad – bc
Explanation :
Let two numbers be ak and bk.
ak + x c
Given =
bk + x d
Þ akd + dx = bkc + cx
Þ k(ad – bc) = x(c – d)
x(c - d)
Þ k=
ad - bc

ax (c - d) bx(c - d)
Therefore, the two numbers are and
ad - bc ad - bc

91
Class VI
ALLEN
l The ratio between two numbers is a : b. If x is subtracted from each of these numbers, the ratio becomes c : d.
The two numbers are given as :

ax(d – c) bx(d – c)
and
ad – bc ad – bc

Explanation :
Let the two numbers be ak and bk.

ak - x c
Given = Þ akd – xd = bck – xc
bk - x d

Þ k(ad – bc) = x(d – c)

x(d - c)
Þk= .
ad - bc

N
ax(d - c) bx(d - c)
Therefore, the two number are and
ad - bc ad - bc

Ex. Given two numbers which are in the ratio of 3 : 4. If 8 is added to each of them, their ratio is changed to 5 : 6.

E
Find the two numbers.
Sol. We have

L
a : b = 3 : 4, c : d = 5 : 6 and x = 8.

ax(c - d)

L
\ The first number =
ad - bc

3 ´ 8 ´ (5 - 6)
= = 12

A
(3 ´ 6 - 4 ´ 5)

bx(c - d)
and, the second number =
ad - bc

4 ´ 8 ´ (5 - 6)
= = 16
(3 ´ 6 - 4 ´ 5)

Ex. The ratio of two numbers is 5 :9. If each number is decreased by 5, the ratio becomes 5 : 11. Find the numbers.
Sol. We have a : b = 5 : 9, c : d = 5 : 11 and x = 5.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

ax(d - c)
\ The first number =
ad - bc

5 ´ 5 ´ (11 - 5)
= = 15
(5 ´ 11 - 9 ´ 5)

bx(d - c)
and the second number =
ad - bc

9 ´ 5 ´ (11 - 5)
= = 27.
(5 ´ 11 - 9 ´ 5)

92
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Ex. If the ratio of two numbers is a : b, then the numbers that should be added to each of the numbers in order to

ad – bc
make this ratio c : d is given by .
c–d

Sol. Let the required number be x.

a+ x c
Given = Þ ad + xd = bc + xc
b+ x d

Þ x(d – c) = bc – ad

ad - bc
or x= .
c-d

Ex. If the ratio of two number is a : b, then the number that should be subtracted from each of the numbers in order
to make this ratio c : d is given by

N
bc – ad
.
c–d

Sol. Let the required number be x.

E
a-x c
Given = Þ ad – xd = bc – xc
b-x d

L
Þ x(c – d) = bc – ad

L
bc - ad
or x= .
c-d

Ex. Find the number that must be subtracted from the terms of the ratio 5 : 6 to make it equal to 2 : 3.

A
Sol. We have a : b = 5 : 6 and c : d = 2 : 3.
\ The required number

bc - ad 6´ 2 - 5´ 3
= = = 3.
c-d 2-3

Ex. Find the number that must be added to the terms of the ratio 11 : 29 to make it equal to 11 : 20.
Sol. We have a : b = 11 : 29 and c : d = 11 : 20.
\ The required number
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

ad - bc 11 ´ 20 - 29 ´ 11
= = = 11.
c-d 11 - 20

n Percentage
The word percent is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase / word 'per centum' which means per hundred or
hundredths.
Thus, the word 'percentage' literally means 'per hundred or every hundred'. Therefore, whenever we calculate
something as a part of 100 that part is numerically termed as 'percentage'.
Symbol : In short 'percentage' is written as P.C. and symbolically it is denoted as %.
Conversion of percentage into fraction

a
To express a% as a fraction, divide ‘a’ by 100 i.e., a% =
100

93
Class VI
ALLEN

35
Ex. We have, 35% =
100

Thus, a fraction with its denominator 100 is equal to that percent as is the numerator.

8 12 60 3
So, 8% = , 12% = , 60% = = =3:5
100 100 100 5

Conversion of a fraction into percentage

To convert a fraction into a percent, we multiply the fraction by 100 and put the percent sign %.

4 æ4 ö 9 æ 9 ö
Ex. Thus = ç ´ 100 ÷ % = 80%, =ç ´ 100 ÷ % = 45%
5 è5 ø 20 è 20 ø

N
Conversion of a percentage into decimal form

To convert a given percent in decimal form, we express it as a fraction with denominator as 100 and then the

E
fraction is written in decimal form.

L
65 7.4
Ex. 65% = = 0.65, 7.4% = = 0.074
100 100

L
Conversion of a decimal fraction into percentage

In order to convert a given decimal into a percent, we move the decimal point on the right side by two digits and
put the percent sign %

A
Ex. 0.122 = 12.2%, 0.275 = 27.5%, 0.037 = 3.7%

To find the value of a certain percent of any quantity

To find the value of a certain percent of a given quantity we first convert the percent into a fraction and then multiply
the result with the given quantity.

P
i.e. P% of x = ×x
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

100

Ex. (i) Find 12% of `1200.

(ii) What is 45% of 500?

12
Sol. (i) 12% of `1200 = ` × 1200 = `144
100

45
(ii) 45% of 500 = 500 × = 225
100

94
 Mathematics
ALLEN
1
Ex. In a school out of 600 students, 12 % were absent. Find the number of students absent.
2
Sol. \ Total number of students = 600

1 25
\ Absent students 12 % i.e., %
2 2

1
\ Number of absent students = 600 × 12 %
2

25 1
\ = 600 × × = 75
2 100
Ex. Malvika gets 98 marks in her exams. This amounts to 56% of the total marks. What are the maximum marks.
Sol. Let the maximum marks be x. Then, 56% of x = 98

56 100
Þ × x = 98 Þ x = 98 × Þ x = 175

N
100 56

Hence, the maximum marks are 175.

Ex. (i) 15% of which number is 45. (ii) What percentage of 364 is 273?

E
(iii) What percentage of 75 is 125?
Sol. (i) Suppose the number is x

L
15% of x is 45

L
15 100
or x× = 45 or x = 45 × = 300
100 15

\ The required number is 300.

A
273
(ii) Percentage = ´ 100 = 75%
364

125
(iii) Percentage = ´ 100 = 166.66%
75

Ex. A football team won 10 games from the total they played. This was 40% of the total. How many games were
played in all?
Sol. Let total games played be x
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

40 10 ´ 100
So, 40% of x = 10 or x × = 10 or x= = 25
100 40

Thus, total games were 25.

Ex. The price of a scooter which was `34000 last year increased by 20% this year. What is the price now?
Sol. Let the original price be `100, Increased in price = `20
\ Increased price = `100 + `20 = `120
If original price is `100, increased price = `120
If original price is `34000, increased price

120
=` ´ 34000 = `40800.
100

95
Class VI
ALLEN
Ex. The population of a town increases by 6% every year. If the present population is 15900, find its population a
year ago.
Sol. Let the population of the town be 100, a year ago. Then,
Increases in population = 6% of 100 = 6
\ Present population = 106
If present population is 106, population a year ago = 100

100
If present population is 1, population a year ago =
106

If present population is 15900, population a year ago

100
= × 15900 = 15000
106

Hence, the population of the town a year ago was 15000.

N
Remark : If length & breadth of a rectangle is changed by a% & b% respectively, then % change in area will be
ì a × bü
= ía ± b ± ý

E
î 100 þ

L L
A CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

96
 Mathematics
ALLEN
RATIO AND PERCENTAGE EXERCISE
1. Candles A and B are lit together. Candle A lasts 11 hours and candle B lasts 7 hours. After 3 hours the two
candles have equal lengths remaining. The ratio of the original length of candle A to candle B is ________.

(1) 11 : 8 (2) 4 : 7 (3) 11 : 14 (4) 11 : 8

2. A, B, C are three toys. A is 50% costiler than C and B is 25% costiler than C. Then A is _______ % costiler
than B.

(1) 10% (2) 20% (3) 30% (4) 15%

3. The weight of a dog is 12 kg more than one fourth of its weight. Then the weight of the dog is

(1) 14 kg (2) 15 kg (3) 16 kg (4) 18 kg

3 1
4. It is given that 5 × b = 19 (where the two fractions are mixed fractions) ; then a + b

N
a 2

(1) 10 (2) 12 (3) 9 (4) 15

E
5. A's salary is 50% more than B's . How much percent is B's below A's

L
(1) 50% (2) 25% (3) 75% (4) 33 %
3

L
3 1- a
6. The first term of a sequence is . If a is a term the next term is . Then the 2007th term is
8 1+ a

A
5 8 3
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
11 3 8

7. A and B are respectively 20% and 10% lower than C, What percent of B is A ?

(1) 66.66 (2) 88.88 (3) 50 (4) 45

4
8. The largest value among , 80%, 0.801 and (.9)2 is
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

4
(1) (2) 80% (3) 0.801 (4) (.9)2
5

9. If 10% of m is the same as 20% of n, then m : n is

(1) 5 : 1 (2) 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 2 (4) 10 : 1

5 5
10. If x is of 490, then of x is
7 7

(1) 350 (2) 250 (3) 70 (4) 420

97
Class VI
ALLEN
3th 3
11. A brick weighs the weight of itself plus kg. The weight of the brick (in kg) is
4 4

(1) 2 (2) 2.5 (3) 3 (4) 2.75

12. In Raman's class, the ratio of students who ate snacks for lunch to the students who ate rice was 12 : 18. Which
fraction is an equivalent form of this ratio?

2 4 2 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
8 9 3 4

13. When an article is sold for ` 36, the loss is 20%. What is the cost price of the article?
(1) ` 16 (2) ` 28.80 (3) ` 43.20 (4) ` 45
14. If x% of 24 = 64, the value of x is ______

1 2 1 2

N
(1) 37 (3) 66 (3) 133 (4) 266
2 3 3 3
15. What fraction of the square is grey?

E
2cm 4cm
2cm

L
4cm

L
1 1 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 4 5 8

A
16. In a tournament FC Barcelona scored a total of three goals, and conceded one goal. In the tounament the team
had won one game, lost one game and drawn one game. What was the score in the game that FC Barcelona
won?
(1) 2 : 0 (2) 3 : 0 (3) 1 : 0 (4) 4 : 1
17. In which shape is exactly one half coloured grey?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

18. Which of the following fractions is smaller than 2?

20 21 22 23
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 10 11 12
19. Gaurav colours in the squares of the grid, so that one third of all squares are blue and one half of all squares
are yellow. The rest he colours in red. How many squares does he have to colour in red?

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

98
 Mathematics
ALLEN
20. A rectangle is twice as long as wide. Which fraction of the rectangle is coloured in grey?

1 3 3 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 8 4 2
21. Four equally big squares are partially coloured in black. In which of the four squares is the total area of the
black parts biggest?

(1)

N
(2)

E
(3)

L
(4) The total area of the black parts is always equally big,

L
22. Which of the five squares has the biggest proportion of black area?

A
(1) (2) (3) (4)

23. Sarthak builds a 4 × 4 × 4 cube made up of 32 white and 32 black 1 × 1 × 1 cubes. He arranges the cubes
so that the surface of the big cube has as much white as possible. Which fraction of the surface is white?

3 2 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 3 2 8
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Ans. 3 2 3 1 4 3 2 4 2 2 3 3 4 4
Que. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ans. 1 2 2 4 3 2 4 2 1

99
100
Class VI

A L L
Important Notes

E N
ALLEN

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\4. Ratio and Percentage.

 Mathematics
ALLEN
5. LOGICAL REASONING
This section deals with the problems based upon the continuation of figures. There are various types of problems
on series. However, the fundamental concept for each type is the same. There is a sequence of figures depicting
a change step by step. Either one of these figure is out of order and has to be omitted or figure has to be
selected from a separate set of figures, which would continue the series.

n Five figure series

This type of problems on series consists of five figures numbered A, B, C, D and E forming the set of Prob-
lem Figures, followed by four other figures numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4 forming the set of Answer Figures.
The five consecutive Problem Figures form a definite sequence and it is required to select one of the figures
from the set of Answer Figures which will continue the same sequence.

Solved examples

Ex.1 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D E (1)

E N
(2) (3) (4)

L
Sol. The figure rotates 90° CW in each step and half a line segment and one complete line segment is added to the
figure alternately. Hence, the answer is (1).

L
Ex.2 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A
A B C D E (1) (2) (3) (4)
Sol. The shading moves two spaces CW and three spaces CW alternately. Hence, the answer is (4).

Ex.3 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D E (1) (2) (3) (4)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Sol. The smaller arrow rotates through 90° ACW and 45° ACW alternately while the larger arrow rotates through
135° CW in each step. Hence, the answer is (4).

Ex.4 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D E (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. In each step, the circle moves to the adjacent corner (of the square boundary) in an ACW direction while the
other element moves to the adjacent corner in a CW direction. Hence, the answer is (4).

101
Class VI
ALLEN
Ex.5 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

×
– – – – –
+ ×+ × + + – × +
A B C D E (1) (2) (3) (4)
Sol. Clearly, in each step, one new element is added to the figure at the CW end of the existing elements. Hence, the
answer is (1).
Ex.6 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

= =
= 0 0
A B C D E (1) (2) (3) (4)
Sol. In each ,step, the elements move in the sequence . The circle and the triangle remain unchanged while the third

N
element is replaced by a new element in first, third, fifth, steps. Hence, the answer is (3).

n Mirror Images

E
Mirror Image : The image of an object, as seen in a mirror, is called its mirror reflection or mirror image.
In such an image, the right side of the object appears on the left side and vice-versa. A mirror image is therefore

L
said to be laterally inverted and the phenomenon is called Lateral Inversion.
MIRROR-IMAGE OF CAPITAL LETTERS
Letter Mirror Letter Mirror Letter Mirror

L
Image Image Image

A J S

A
B K T
C L U
D M V
E N W
F O X
G P Y
H Q Z
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

I R –

Remark: The letters which have their mirror images identical to the letter itself are:
A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y
Examples: Mirror-images of certain words are given below:
1. FUN :
2. STOP :
3. ZEBRA :
4. GOLKONDA :
5. XYLOPHONE :

102
 Mathematics
ALLEN
MIRROR-IMAGE OF SMALL LETTERS
Letter Mirror Letter Mirror Letter Mirror
Image Image Image

a j s
b k t
c l u
d m v
e n w
f o x
g p y
h q z
i r –

N
Examples: Mirror-images of certain words are given below:
1. arpit :
2. blade :

E
3. determine :
MIRROR-IMAGE OF NUMBERS

L
Number Mirror Number Mirror Number Mirror
Image Image Image

L
1 4 7
2 5 8

A
3 6 9
Examples: Mirror-images of certain combinations of alphabets and numbers are given below:
1. alpha348mz1 :
2. BMC49JN2317 :
3. 15bg82XQh :

n Water Images
Water Image: The reflection of an object, as seen in water, is called its water image. It is the inverted image
obtained by turning the object upside down.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

WATER-IMAGE OF CAPITAL LETTERS

Letter

Water
Image

Letter

Water
Image
Letter

Water
Image

103
Class VI
ALLEN
Remark 1 : The letters whose water-images are identical to the letter itself are:
C, D, E, H, I, O, X.
Remark 2 : Certain words which have water-images identical to the word itself are:
CHIDE, CODE, HIDE, HE

WATER-IMAGE OF SMALL LETTERS

Letter
Water
Image
Letter
Water
Image
Letter
Water

N
Image

WATER-IMAGE OF NUMBERS

E
Number 9

L
Water
Image

L
Analogy

Analogy' implies 'Corresponding'. In the problems based on analogy, a pair of related figures is provided and a similar
relationship is to be established between two other figures, by selecting one or both of them from a set of alternatives.

A
The various types of problems upon Analogy have been discussed with examples and exercises in this chapter.

This type of Analogy involves problems consisting of four figures marked A, B, C and D forming the Problem Set
and four other-figures marked 1, 2, 3 and 4 forming the Answer Set. The figures A and B of the Problem set
are related in a particular manner and a similar relationship is to be established between figures C and D by
choosing a figure from the Answer set which would replace the question mark in fig. (C) or fig. (D).

Solved examples

Directions: Figures A and B are related in a particular manner. Establish the same relationship between
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

figures C and D by choosing a figure from amongst the four alternatives, which would replace the question mark
in fig. (D).

Ex.1 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Clearly, fig. (A) rotates through 135°CW to form fig. (B). Similar relationship will give fig. (4) from fig. (C).
Hence, the answer is (4).

104
 Mathematics
ALLEN
Ex.2 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Fig. (A) is divided into as many parts as the number of sides in the figure, to get fig. (B). Similarly, fig. (4) will be
obtained when fig. (C) is divided into as many parts as the number of sides in fig. (C). Hence, fig. Hence, the
answer is (4).

Ex.3 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

N
A B C D (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Fig. (A) rotates through 90° ACW; the black portion turns white while the white portion turns black. This gives

E
fig. (B). Similar changes in fig. (C) will give fig. (4). Hence, the answer is (4).

Directions : Figures A and B are related in a particular manner. Establish the same relationship between C and

L
D by selecting a figure from amongst the five alternatives, which would replace the question mark in fig. (C).

Ex.4 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A L
A B C D (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Clearly, fig. (A) is obtained by the vertical inversion of fig. (B). Similarly, fig. (4) is obtained when fig. (D) is
vertically inverted. Hence, the answer is (4).

Ex.5 PROBLEM FIGURES ANSWER FIGURES

A B C D (1) (2) (3) (4)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Sol. From fig. (B) to fig. (A), the elements at upper-left and lower-right positions rotate 90°CW and the elements at
upper-right and lower-left positions rotate 90° ACW. Similarly, fig. (2) will be obtained from fig. (D). Hence, the
answer is (2).

Paper folding and paper cutting

n Folding a Transparent Sheet
In such type of problems a figure of transparent sheet carrying a design on it is given. There is a dotted line on
this sheet. This sheet has to be folded along the dotted line.

A candidate requires to identify a figure from given options, that looks similar to the folded sheet.

105
Class VI
ALLEN
Solved example
Ex.1 A square transparent sheet X, with a design and a dotted line on it is given. Choose the correct figure from the
options which represents the sheet X after folding sheet along the dotted line.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Clearly, the right half of the sheet X is put on the left half. The combination of the design in left half and mirror
image of the design in the right half will appear on the folded sheet. So the sheet will then appear as shown in

N
figure (3). Hence, the answer is (3).

n Cutting/Punching a Folded Paper

E
In such type of problems a paper is folded twice or more than twice. Then one or more pieces of it are cut.
After this the paper is unfolded. In this sitution the paper has as many cuts or holes on it as folded. So it
contains a pattern.

L
A candidate requires to identify a figure from given four options, that shows the similar paper sheet as the
pattern made.

L
Usually, the paper sheet is folded along the dotted lines marked on it. And arrows show the directions of the
folds.

A
Ex.2 Figures X and Y respectively shows the two consecutive folds of the paper. Figure Z shows the cut on the
folded paper. Choose one figure form the four options that is similar to the unfolded form of the sheet Z.

X Y Z

(1) (2) (3) (4)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Sol. In figure (X), the square sheet of paper has been folded along the vertical line of symmetry so that the right
half of the sheet overlaps the left half.

In figure (Y), the sheet is folded further to a quarter.

In figure (Z), a square has been punched in the folded sheet Y.

Clearly, the punched square will be created in each quarter of the paper.
Thus, when the paper is unfolded, four square punches will appear symmetrically over it and the paper will
then appear as shown in figure (4).
Hence, the answer is (4).

106
 Mathematics
ALLEN
LOGICAL REASONING SOLVED EXAMPLES
1. In a month three Tuesdays were on even dates. Then, 21st of the month is a
(1) Sunday (2) Monday (3) Wednesday (4) Saturday

Sol. Look at the dates in a calendar on which the same day of the week occurs in a month. They can be 1, 8, 15,
22, 29 ; or 2, 9, 16, 23, 30 ; etc. Three even dates occur only in the second case. So Tuesday occurs on'
2, 9, 16, 23 and 30. The 21st is Sunday.
2. 6 cubes are glued together as shown in the figure and then dipped in paint. The cubes are then separated.
How many faces (sides) of the cubes are not painted in total?

N
Sol. There are 5 hidden faces between consecutive cubes. So these 5 faces will not be affected by the painting.

E
3. A fan switch is in the off mode. A boy turns it continuously to slow, medium, high, off, slow, medium, ... for
each operation counting 1,2,3,4,5,6,... . After 2009 operations in which position will the switch be?

L
Off

L
High Slow

A
Medium

(1) Off (2) Slow (3) Medium (4) High

Sol. After every 4 turns the hand comes to off mode. After 4 x 502 = 2008 turns the hand is in off. After 2009
turns the hand will be in slow position.

4. Baskar is older than Prakash by one year minus one day. Baskar was born on January 1, 2005. The date of
birth of Prakash is
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) January 2, 2006 (2) December 31st, 2005

(3) December 31st 2004 (4) January 2nd 2004

Sol. If Prakash is exactly one year younger (Basker is older than Prakash) than his date of birth should be the next
year the same month and same date i.e., January 1, 2006. But Basker is older than Prakash by 1 year minus
one day so Prakash's date of birth should be 1 day before January 1, 2006. i.e., 31st December 2005.
5. A boy calculates the sum of the digits seen on a digital clock. ( For eg., when the clock shows 20:20 then he
sum is 4). The biggest digital sum that can be seen on a 24 hour clock is

(1) 21 (2) 22 (3) 23 (4) 24

Sol. For the biggest digital sum, there should be a maximum number of 9s on the digits. The hour part shows the
numbers from 00 to 23 and the minute part from 00 to 59. So the highest digital sum that results is, when
the clock shows 19:59 which is 1 + 9 + 5 + 9 = 24.

107
Class VI
ALLEN
6. Three trays have been arranged according to their weights in increasing order as follows:

(1) (2) (3)

Where the symbols are the three digits of numbers showing each of the weights. The position

of the tray lies

(1) between (1) and (2) (2) between (2) and (3)
(3) before tray (1) (4) after tray (3)

Sol. Since the weights are arranged in increasing order < < , as all the weights have the same tens and

units places .

\ The should lie between 2 and 3 as < , as the third symbol is less than ' ' the

N
third symbol of figure 3.
7. An insect crawls from A to B along a square lamina which is divided by lines as shown into 16 equal squares.
The insect always travels diagonally from one corner of a square to the other corner. While going it never visits

E
the same corner of any square. If one diagonal of a smallest square is taken as 1 unit, the maximum length
of the path travelled by the insect is-

L
B

Sol.

A
B

L A

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

A A

Maximum length of the path travelled by this insect is 8.

108
 Mathematics
ALLEN
LOGICAL REASONING EXERCISE
1. In the following sequence 11, 88, 16, 80, 21, 72, –, –, –, – the blanks are two digit numbers. No number
in the blank ends with
(1) 1 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 7
2. Look at the following dot diagram

This pattern continues. The value of 1 + 3 + 5 + ... up to 100 terms is the number of dots shown in the
(1) 100th diagram and the number of dots present in it is 1000
(2) 1000th diagram and the number of dots present in it is 10,000
(3) 100th diagram and the number of dots present in it is 10,000
(4) 1000th diagram and the number of dots present in it is 1000

N
3. Look at the rows of numbers shown below

1´ 2
1st row : 1 1=

E
2

2´3

L
2nd row : 2 3 3=
2

L
3´ 4
3rd row : 45 6 6=
2

A
4´5
4th row : 7 8 9 10 10 = and so on ...
2
The first number in the 50th row is
(1) 1275 (2) 1224 (3) 1276 (4) 1226
4. In the sequence 1, 22, 333, ... 10101010101010101010, 1111111111111111111111, ...,, the sum of
the digits in the 200th term is
(1) 200 (2) 400 (3) 600 (4) 40000
5. In the Fee - Vee land, the numbers are written as follow
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

... then represents

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 13
(1) 7 (2) 9 (3) 14 (4) 21
6. The table defines the operation ê e.g., bêc = a, dêa = a etc.
ê a b c d
a b c d a
b c d a b
c d a b c
d a b c d
If bêx = d then (xêc)êa is
(1) a (2) b (3) c (4) d

109
Class VI
ALLEN
7. Define a b = 2a + 2b – ab, a, b are any two numbers.
For example, 4 3 = 2 × 4 + 2 × 3 – 4 × 3 = 8 + 6 – 12 = 2
If 3 x = 4, then x is
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
8. In the adjoining figure we have 16 dots equally spaced in 4 × 4 grid. From A to B one has to go. He can go
up or down, left or right from one dot to be other. In the figure the length of the path is 7. The maximum length
of the path is

A B
(1) 12 (2) 13 (3) 15 (4) 16

N
9. S = 1 + 22 + 333 + 4444 + 55555 + 666666 + 7777777
The digits of the number S are added. If you get a double digit number, again add the digits and continue to
get a single digit number. The final single digit is

E
(1) 9 (2) 5 (3) 8 (4) 1
10. The 2009th letter of the word sequence MATHTALENT MATHTALENT MATHTALENT ..... is

L
(1) A (2) H (3) L (4) N
11. Match-sticks are used to form the following pattern made of squares :

L
In this pattern, how many match-sticks are needed to form ten squares in a row ?

A
(1) 36 (2) 40 (3) 31 (4) 30
12. The sum 1 – 2 + 3 – 4 + .... + 47 – 48 + 49 is

49 ´ 50
(1) 0 (2) 24 (3) 25 (4)
2
13. Look at the following pattern: The value of 1 + 3 + 5 + .... + 2003 is the number of the dots appearing in
the
(1) 1002nd diagram and is equal to 10022
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(2) 1001st diagram and is equal to 10012

(3) 2003rd diagram and is equal to 20032
(4) 2002nd diagram and is equal to 20022
14. Choose the correct alternative to complete the given pattern.

BBB
(1) (2) (3) BB (4)
15. Choose the correct alternative to complete the given pattern of alphabets.
JAK, KBL, LCM, MDN, _______
(1) OEP (2) NEO (3) MEN (4) PFQ

110
 Mathematics
ALLEN
16. Choose a figure which would most closely resemble the unfolded form of figure.

X Y Z

(1) (2) (3) (4)

17. Which letter should come in the place of the question mark in the following series?

A, C, F, J, ?, U

(1) L (2) M (3) N (4) O

18. Direction : In the question below. Figures A, B, C and D constitute the problem Set while figures (1), (2), (3),(4)
constitutes the Answer Set. There is definite relationship between figures A and B. Establish a similar relationship
between figures C and D by choosing a suitable figure (D) from the Answer set.

A B C D

E N
L
(1) (2) (3) (4) none of these

L
19. Which figure should come next in the series given below?

A
+
+ + +

+ + + + +
(1) + (2) + (3) (4)
+

20. An artist creates a design by drawing circles in steps, as shown below.

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

The table below shows a pattern of the total number of circles formed at each step.
Pattern of Circles
Step 1 2 3 4 5

Total Number 1 4 13
of Circles
If the pattern shown in the table continues, what will be the total number of circles formed at step 5 ?
(1) 52 (2) 117 (3) 121 (4) 283

111
Class VI
ALLEN
21. Each small square in the figure has a side length 1cm. An ant travels from P to R. If it moves only along the
lines, in how many ways can it reach R, using only the shortest route ?

R S

Q P

(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6

22. In the adjoining diagram A is your house, B is your friend's house and C is your school. There are 3 different routes
from A to B and 4 different routes from B to C. You are starting from your house and after picking your friend
go to school. The number of different routes in which you can do this is

A B C

N
(1) 7 (2) 3 (3) 12 (4) 15

E
23. In the figure below pieces of squared sheets are shown. Each small square is 1 square unit.

(1)

L L (2) (3) (4)

A
Two of them can be joined together without overlapping to form a rectangle. The area of this rectangle in square
units is

(1) 18 (2) 19 (3) 16 (4) 17

24. The integers greater than 1 are arranged in 5 columns as follows.

Column Column Column Column Column

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Row 1 ® 2 3 4 5

Row 2 ® 9 8 7 6

Row 3 ® 10 11 12 13

Row 4 ® 17 16 15 14

In the odd numbered rows, the integers appear in the last 4 columns are increasing form left to right. In the
even numbered rows, the integers appear in the first four columns are increasing from right to left to left. In
which column will the number 2012 appear ?

(1) fourth (2) second

(3) first (4) fifth

112
 Mathematics
ALLEN
25. Where is the Kangaroo?

(1) In the circle and in the triangle but not in the square.
(2) In the circle and in the square but not in the triangle.
(3) In the triangle and inthe square but not in the circle.
(4) In the circle but in neither the square or the triangle.

N
26. Which of the following is made using more than one piece of string?

E
I II III IV V

L
(1) I, III, IV and V (2) III, IV and V (3) I, III and V (4) All

27. In the diagram on the left the total of each row and column is given. What is the value of ?

L
11

A
8
8
10 8 9
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6
28. We want to paint each square in the grid with the colour A,B,C and D, so that neighbouring squres always have
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

different colours. (Squares which share the same corner point alos count as neighbouring.) Some of the squares
are already painted. In which colour(s) could the grey square be painted?

A B C D

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

113
Class VI
ALLEN
29. The number 4 is reflected twice in the picture. What apears in the field with the question mark if we do the
same with the number 5?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

30. Nakul goes directly from the zoo to school (Schule) and counts the flowers along the way. Which of the following
numbers can he not obtain this way?

Zoo Schule

(1) 9 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 12

N
31. In the box are seven blocks. It is possible to slide the blocks around so that another block can be added to the
box. What is the minimum number of blocks that must be moved?

L E
L
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

A
32. lines are drawn on a piece of paper and some of the lines are given numbers. The paper is cut along some
of these lines and then folded as shown in the picture. Along which lines were the cuts made

1 2
8 3
7 4
6 5
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 1,3,5,7 (2) 2,4,6,8 (3) 2,3,5,6 (4) 3,4,6,7

33. In the following figures you see five elastic bands, only one of which is tied in a knot. Which one?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

114
 Mathematics
ALLEN
34. The figure should be rotated 180° around point F. What is the result?

F F
(1) (2) (3) (4)
F F

35. In the adjacent picture we see that 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 4 × 4. How big is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7+...+ 17 + 19 ?

N
(1) 10×10 (2) 11×11 (3) 12×12 (4) 13×13

E
36. Ankita draws a flower with 5 petals. She wants to colour in the flower using the colours white and black. How
many different flowers can she draw with these two colours if the flower can also be just one colour ?

L
=

L
(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 8 (4) 9

A
37. In order to decide who will get the last piece of Jatin's birthday cake, five children use a rhyme. Jatin, Sachin,
Pamit, Katin and Amit stand in this order, clockwise in a circle. They count in a clockwise direction: KAN - GA
- ROO - OUT - ARE - YOU. For each syllable one child is counted and whoever is counted at YOU is out. They
continue this until only one child is left. Jatin can choose who starts. Who does he have to choose if he wants
Amit to get the piece of cake?
(1) Jatin (2) Sachin (3) Pamit (4) Katin
38. In the grid, how many grey squares have to be coloured white, so that in each row and each column there is
exactly one grey square?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

39. Six-legged, seven-legged and eight-legged octopuses serve Neptune, the king of the sea. The seven-legged ones
always lie and the six-legged and eight-ledded ones always speak the truth. One day four octopuses meet. The
blue one says: „We have 28 legs altogether." The green one says: „We have 27 legs altogether." The yellow
one says: „We have 26 legs altogether." The red one says: „ We have 25 legs altogether." What colour is the
octopus that speaks the truth?
(1) red (2) blue (3) green (4) yellow

115
Class VI
ALLEN
40. Which of the following pieces do I need to complete the cuboid?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

41. Shaurya writes the letters from the word KANGAROO in the fields of a table. He can begin where he wants

N
and then must write each consecutive letter in a field that shares at least one point with the previous field. Which
of the following tables could Shaurya not produce?

E
K A N G O O K A
N O A A K R N G
(1) (2) (3) (4)

L
O G K R A A O O
R A O O G N R A

L
42. A shape is made by fitting together the four pieces of card with no overlaps. Which of the following shapes
is not possible?

43.
(1)
A (2) (3) (4)

Rudransh the hamster runs through the maze in the picture. 16 pumpkin seeds are laying on the path. He is
only allowed to cross each junction once. What is the maximum number of pumpkin seeds that he can collect?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 12 (2) 13 (3) 14 (4) 15

116
 Mathematics
ALLEN
44. Nina made a wall around a square area, using 36 identical cubes. A section of the wall is shown in the picture.
How many cubes will she now need to completely fill the square area.

(1) 36 (2) 49 (3) 64 (4) 81

45. Black and white tiles can be laid on square floors as shown in the pictures. We can see floors with 4 black and
9 black tiles respectively. In each corner there is a black tile, and each black tile touches only white tiles. How
many white tiles would there be on a floor that had 25 black tiles?

E N
L
(1) 25 (2) 39 (3) 45 (4) 56

L
46. Ganesh wants to make a complete square using pieces only like those shown. What is the minimum number
of pieces he must use?

A
(1) 10 (2) 12 (3) 16 (4) 20

47. Mamta has already laid two shapes on a square playing board. Which of the 5 shapes can she add to the board
so that none of the remaining four shapes will have space to fit.
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

117
Class VI
ALLEN
48. Natasha wanted to build a large cube out of lots of small cubes. How many cubes are missing from the picture
on the right that would be needed to build the large cube on the left?

(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 8

49. Rajesh can turn right but not left on his bicycle. What is the least number of right turns he must make in order
to get from A to B?

N
B

L E
A

L
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8

50. Dharmendra has a few grey tiles like the one in the picture. What is the maximum number of these tiles that

A
she can place on the 5 × 4 rectangle without any overlaps?

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

51. Misha drew the following figures on square sheets of paper.

How many of these figures have the same perimeter as the square sheet of paper itself?
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

118
 Mathematics
ALLEN
52. Ramswaroop stacks 1 × 1 cubes on the squares of a 4 × 4 grid. The diagram on the right shows how many
cubes were piled on top of each other on each square of the grid. What will Ramswaroop see if he looks from
behind (hinten) at the tower?
HINTEN
4 2 3 2

3 3 1 2

2 1 3 1

1 2 1 2
VORNE

N
(1) (2)

(3)

L
(4)

E
L
53. A 1 × 1 × 1 cube is cut out of each corner of a 3x3x3 cube. The picture shows the result after the first cube

A
is cut out. How many faces will the final shape have?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 16 (2) 20 (3) 24 (4) 30

54. Which of the figures below will cover the most dots when laid on the square shown on the right.

(1) (2) (3) (4) None of these

119
Class VI
ALLEN
55. Numbers are written in the 4x4 grid: any two numbers in neighbouring squares should have a
difference of 1, that is squares that share an edge. The number 3 is already given. The number 9 will be used
somewhere in the grid. How many different numbers will have been used once the grid is filled in completely?

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

56. Two buttons with smiling faces and two buttons with sad faces are in a row as shown in the picture. When you
press a button the face changes, and so do the faces of the neighbouring buttons. What is the minimum number
of button presses needed so that only smiling faces can be seen?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4

E N (4) 5

L
57. From an old model train set there are only identical pieces of track to use. Shweta puts 8 such pieces in a circle
(picture on the left). Anshul begins his track with 2 pieces as shown in the picture on the right. He also wants

L
to build a closed track and use the smallest number of pieces possible. How many pieces will his track use?

A
Shweta

Anshul

(1) 11 (2) 12 (3) 14 (4) 15

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

58. Arno lays out the word KANGAROO using 8 cards. However, some cards are turned.

By turning it twice the letter K can be corrected, letter A can be corrected by turning it once (see drawing).
How often does he have to turn so that the word KANGAROO can be read correctly?

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

59. A white and a grey ring are interlinked with one another. Peter sees the two rings from the front as they are

120
 Mathematics
ALLEN
seen in the diagram on the right. Paul sees the rings from the back. What does he see?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

60. Grey and white pearls are threaded on a piece of string.

N
Monika wants to have 5 grey pearls. However, she can only pull off pearls from the end of the string. Therefore
she has to pull off some white pearls as well. What is the minimum number of white pearls she has to pull off,

E
to get 5 grey pearls?

L
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

L
61. The little witch is taking part in a broomstick flying competition that is carried out in 5 rounds. The times in
which she crossed the starting line can be seen in the table. Which round was her fastest?

Zeit

A
Start 09:55
Round 1 10:26
Round 2 10:54
Round 3 11:28
Round 4 12:03
Round 5 12:32
(1) the first (2) the second (3) the third (4) the fourth
62. Which square has to replace the question mark so that the white area and the black area are equally big?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

121
Class VI
ALLEN
63. The kangaroos A, B, C, D and E sit in this order in a clockwise direction around a round table. After a bell
sounds all but one kangaroo change seats with a neighbour. Afterwards they sit in the following order in a clockwise
direction: A, E, B, D, C.

B
E
D C

Which kangaroo did not change places?

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
64. A square can be made out of four of the given pieces. Which piece will not be used?

N
(1) A (2)
B (3)
C (4)
D

E
65.

L
The faces of a die are labelled with the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The faces 1 and 6 have one common
edge. The same is true for the faces 1 and 5, the faces 1 and 2, the faces 6 and 5, the faces 6 and 4 and
the faces 6 and 2. Which number labels the face that is opposite to face 4?

L
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
66. The 3 × 3 × 3 cube consists of 27 small cubes. Some of the small cubes are removed. If you now look at the
cube from the right, from above and from the front, you see the following:

A
How many little cubes were removed?

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

67. Samaira fills a 3 × 3 table using the digits 1 to 9 so that each field contains only one digit. She has already
placed the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the table as shown in the diagram. Two numbers count as "adjacent" if the
fields which they fill have one common side. When she has finished filling the table she realised: the sum of
the numbers adjacent to 5 is 9. How big is the sum of the numbers adjacent to 6?

1 3

2 4

(1) 15 (2) 17 (3) 28 (4) 29

122
 Mathematics
ALLEN
68. The word KANGAROO is written on the top side of my umbrella. Which of the following pictures does not show
my umbrella?

GA

R O
AN
OK

N O O
K
(1) (2) (3) (4)

69. Sam paints the 9 small squares in the shape either white, grey or black. What is the minimum number he must
paint over so that no two squares sharing a side have the same colour?

N
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

E
70. Kailash looks at the picture hanging on the wall in more detail through a magnifying glass. Which section can
he not see?

L L
A
(1) (2) (3) (4)

71. Each of the sides of the triangles in the picture will be coloured blue, green or red. Three of the sides are already
coloured. Which colour can side x have, if the sides of each triangle must be coloured in three different colours?

x blau

rot rot
(1) only blue (2) only green
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(3) only red (4) Each of the three colours is possible

72. For the game of Chess a new piece, the Kangaroo, has been invented. With each jump the kangaroo jumps
either 3 squares vertically and 1 Horizontally, or 3 horizontally and 1 vertically, as pictured. What is the smallest
number of jumps the kangaroo must make to move from its current position to position A?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

123
Class VI
ALLEN
73. In how many ways can be three kangaroos be placed in three different squares so that no kangaroo has an
immediate neighbour?

(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10

74. Surbhi writes a number on each face of the cube. Then, for each corner point of the cube, she adds the numbers
on the faces which meet at that corner. (For corner B she adds the numbers on faces BCDA, BAEF and BFGC.)
In this way she gets a total of 14 for corner C, 16 for corner D, and 24 for corner E. Which total, does she
get for corner F?
D C

A B
G

N
E F
(1) 15 (2) 19 (3) 22 (4) 26
75. Which of the following road signs has the most axes of symmetry?

L E
(1) (2) (3) (4)

L
76. Sudhir has mounted 7 postcards on her fridge door using 8 strong magnets (black dots). What is the maximum
amount of magnets he can remove without any postcards falling on the floor?

A
Magnet

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

77. Four girls are sleeping in a room with their heads on the grey pillows. Bea and Pia are sleeping on the left
hand side of the room with their faces towards each other; Mary and Karen are on the right hand side with
their backs towards each other. How many girls sleep with their right ear on the pillow?

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3

124
 Mathematics
ALLEN
78. The given net is folded along the dotted lines to form an open box. The box is placed on the table so that the
opening is on the top. Which side is facing the table?

A B

C D E

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

79. Bart sits at the hairdressers. In the mirror he sees a clock as shown in the diagram: What was the mirror image
of the clock 10 minutes earlier?

E N
L
(1) (2) (3) (4)

80.

A L
What is the maximum number of such pieces that can be cut from a 5 × 5 square?
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6

81. Ashok has four identical building blocks that each look like this : Which shape can he not form
with them?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

125
Class VI
ALLEN
82. The 10 islands are connected by 12 bridges (see diagram). All bridges are open for traffic. What is the minimum
number of bridges that need to be closed off, so that the traffic between A and B comes to a halt?

(1) l (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

83. Rinki, Chinki and Minki go for a walk. Rinki walks at the very front, Chinki in the middle and Minki at the very
back. Rinki weighs 500 kg more than Chinki and Chinki weighs 1000 kg less than Minki. Which of the following

N
pictures shows Rinki, Chinki and Minki in the right order?

E
(1) (2)

(3)

L L (4)

A
84. A big cube is made up of 9 identical building blocks. Each building block looks like this : possible?

Which big cube is

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

126
 Mathematics
ALLEN
85. A square floor is made up of triangular and square tiles in grey and white. What is the smallest number of grey
tiles that have to be swapped with white tiles, so that the floor looks the same from all four given viewing directions?

(1) three triangles, one square

(2) one triangle, three squares
(3) one triangle, one square
(4) three triangles, three squares
86. Each one of the 5 keys locks exactly one padlock. Every letter on a padlock stands for exactly one digit, same

N
letters mean same digits. Which digits are on the key with the question mark?

E
414 812
DAD BHD
124 184

L
ABD AHD HAB
?

L
(1) 382 (2) 282 (3) 284 (4) 824
87. As seen in the diagram, three darts are thrown at nine fixed balloons. If a balloon is hit it will burst and the

A
dart continues in the same direction it had beforehand. How many balloons will not be hit by a dart?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

88. Vaibhav places three building blocks on a table, as shown. What does he see when he is looking at them from
above?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

127
Class VI
ALLEN
89. In the diagram the circles represent light bulbs which are connected to some other light bulbs. Initially all light bulbs
are switched off. If you touch a light bulb then that light bulb and all directly adjacent light bulbs switch themselves
on. What is the minimum number of light bulbs you have to touch in order to switch on all the light bulbs?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

90. A lion hides is one of three rooms. On the door to room number 1 a note reads : "The lion is not here". On
the door to room number 2 a note reads : "The lion is here". On the door number 3 a note reads : "2 + 3
= 5". Exactly one of the three notes is true. In which room is the lion?
(1) Room 1 (2) Room 2 (3) Room 3 (4) It ca be in any room
91. The faces of a die are either white, grey or black. Opposite faces are always a different colour. Which of the
following nets does not belong to such a die?

N
(1) (2) (3) (4)

E
92. Four ladybirds each sit on a different cell of a 4 × 4 grid. One is asleep and does not move. On a whistle the
other three each move to an adjacent free cell. They can crawl up, down, to the right or to the left but are

L
not allowed on any account to move back to the cell that they have just come from.
Where could the ladybirds be after the fourth whistle?

(1)

A
Initial
position

(2)
L After the first
whistle

(3)
After the second
whistle

(4)
After the third
whistle

93. A digital clock shows the following time:

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

What time is it when it uses the exactly same digits again for the first time after that?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

94. Pia has a folding yardstick consisting of 10 equally long pieces. Which of the following figures can she not make?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

128
 Mathematics
ALLEN
95. Alia folds a square piece of paper twice and subsequently cuts it along the two lines as shown in the picture.
How many pieces of paper does she obtain this way?

"
"

(1) 6 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 12

96. Each of the nets of a cube has a line drawn on.
For which net does the line form a closed loop when the net is folded up to make a cube?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

97. The cardboard is folded up into a 2 × 1 × 1 box. Which of the pictures does not show the box?

E N
L L
(1) (2) (3) (4)

A ANSWER KEY
CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.

Q ue. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A ns. 4 3 4 2 2 2 1 3 2 4 3 3 1 3 2
Q ue. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A ns. 2 4 3 4 3 4 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 3
Q ue. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
A ns. 2 2 4 3 1 3 2 3 3 4 4 4 2 3 4
Q ue. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A ns. 4 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 2 3 4 2
Q ue. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
A ns. 2 2 2 2 1 4 4 3 1 4 3 2 4 3 3
Q ue. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
A ns. 3 3 2 4 4 4 2 1 1 3 3 1 3 1 1
Q ue. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
A ns. 1 1 3 1 2 4 2

129
130
Class VI

A L L
Important Notes

E N
ALLEN

CBSE-2023\Module\Excellent\NMTC\Stage -1\6th\Prelim Round\5. Pattern Detection.