Computational Thinking

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and Programming - 1
Python - Iterative Statements

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Introduction
Iteration means to do something repeatedly. Iteration is also called loop.

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In programming there are many situations where we have to repeat a set of
statements.

❖ Suppose we have to input 20 numbers. Should we write input() statement 20

times, or we should have some way so that we write the input() statement once
and it is automatically executed 20 times?

This repetition may be for a specified number of times, or as long as a specified

condition is True. All programming language provides some iterative or looping
constructs which are used to automatically repeat a set of statements.

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Types of Loops

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There are 2 looping constructs available in Python.

Loops

for while

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while loop
while is a loop used for repeated execution as long as a specified expression

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(condition) is true. while test-expression:

Syntax : Statements 1
[else:
Statements 2]

● test expression is a Boolean expression which evaluates to True or False. Such

an expression represents a condition.
● else is an optional clause of while loop Execution.

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while loop
While loop with else clause While loop without else clause

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true true
expression Statements 1 Statements 1
expression

false false

Statements 2 Out of loop

Out of loop

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Loop Control Elements
Every while loop has its elements that control and govern its execution. A while

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loop has four elements that have different purposes:

● Initialisation expression : Before entering a loop, the loop variable (also

called control variable) must be initialised in an initialisation expression.For
a while loop, the initialisation expression is mentioned outside the loop
before it starts.
● Test expression : It is the condition whose value decides whether the loop
body will be executed or not. If the test expression evaluates to True, the
loop body gets executed, otherwise the loop is terminated.

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Loop Control Elements

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● Body of the loop :The statements that have to be executed repeatedly
form the body of the loop. The body of the loop may be a simple statement
or a compound statement.
● Update expression : The statement that changes the value of the loop
variable is called an update expression. This expression is mentioned inside
the body of the loop.

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while loop

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Initialisation expression

while test expression :

Statements

….. Body of the loop

…..

…..

Update expression

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Some important points:
In a while loop, the loop control variable should be initialized before the
●

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loop begins as an uninitialised variable cannot be used in the test
condition (expression)

The loop variable must be updated inside the body of the loop in a way
●
that after sometime the test condition becomes false otherwise the loop
will become an endless loop or infinite loop.
● While loop is also called entry-controlled loop as the entry into the
loop is controlled by testing condition.

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Example: Code to print a message 5 times on
screen Test
Initialisation

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expression expression

count=1
while count<=5: Body of loop

print("Learn Python")
count=count+1

Update expression

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Example : Code to print first 10 natural
numbers

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num=1 First 10 Natural Numbers
print("First 10 Natural Numbers") 1
while num<=10: 2
print(num) 3
num=num+1 .
.
.
10

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Question 1
Write a program to print all even numbers from 1 to 10 and find their sum too.

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num=2 Even numbers are:
s=0 2
print("Even Numbers are :") 4
while num<=10: 6
print(num) 8
s=s+num 10
num=num+2 Sum of even numbers
print("Sum of even numbers :",s) :40

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Question 2
Write a program to print table of number n.

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num1=int(input("Enter the number:")) Enter the number: 6
print("Table of number :") Table of number :
i=1 6x1=6
while i<=10: 6x2=12
print(num,"x",i,"=",num*i) 6x3=18
i=i+1 .
.
.
6x10=60

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Question 3
Write a program input a number and then find the factorial of a number.

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Factorial of number n is calculated as : n!=n×(n−1)×(n−2)...×2×1

num=int(input("Enter the number:")) Enter the number:5

i=1 Factorial of number :
f=1 120
while i<=num:
f=f*i
i=i+1
print("Factorial of number :",f)

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Programs
1. Print all the natural numbers from m to n.

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2. Input a number n and then print all natural numbers from n to 1.(in reverse order)
3. Input a number n and then print all the odd numbers from 1 to n along with their
sum.
4. Input a number n and then print all its factors.
5. Input a number and then print the reverse of the number.
6. Input a number and check if it a palindrome number or not
7. Input a number and then print if the number is an armstrong number or not .
Example : ( 153 = 13+53+33 )
8. Input a number and then print if the number is a perfect number or not.
Example : ( 6 =1+2+3 )
9. Input the number and then print the Fibonacci series till n terms
10. Input a number and then check if it is a prime number or not.
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Question 1
Write a program to print all the natural numbers from m to n.

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m=int(input("Enter the number m:")) Enter the number m: 10
n=int(input("Enter the number n:")) Enter the number n: 16
print("Natural numbers are:") Natural numbers are:
while m<=n: 10
11
print(m)
12
m=m+1
13
14
15
16

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Question 2
Write a program to print all the natural numbers from m to 1.(Reverse Order)

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m=int(input("Enter the number m:")) Enter the number m: 7
print("Natural numbers are:") Natural numbers are:
while m>=1: 7
print(m) 6
m=m-1 5
4
3
2
1

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Question 3
Write a program to input a number n and then print all the odd numbers from 1 to m

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along with their sum.
m=int(input("Enter the number m:")) Enter the number m: 5
print("Natural numbers are:") Natural numbers are:
sum=0 1
i=1 3
5
while i<=m:
Sum : 9
print(m)
sum=sum+m
m=m+2
print("Sum :",sum)

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Question 4
Write a program to input a number n and then print all its factors.

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n=int(input("Enter the number n:")) Enter the number m: 15
i=1 Factors are:
print("Factors are:") 1
while i<=n: 3
if n%i==0: 5
print(i) 15
i=i+1

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Question 5
Write a program to input a number n and then print the sum of all its factors.

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m=int(input("Enter the number m:")) Enter the number m: 15
i=1 Factors are:
1
sum=0
3
print("Factors are:")
5
while i<=m:
15
if m%i==0: The sum of the factors is
print(i) 28
sum+=i
i=i+1
print("The sum of the factors is :", sum)
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Question 5
Write a program to input a number and find the reverse of the number.

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m=int(input("Enter the number:")) Enter the number: 2309
rev=0 Reverse Number : 9032
while m>0:
dig=m%10
rev=rev*10+dig
m=m//10
print("Reverse of number :",rev)

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Explanation :

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Number n : 2309, rev=0

Iteration dig=n%10 rev=rev*10+dig n

I 9 9 230

II 0 90 23

III 3 903 2

IV 2 9032 0

Test condition: while n > 0:

Reverse Number 22
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Question 5
Write a program to input a number and check if it a palindrome number or not.

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A palindrome is a word or number which reads the same backward as forward.
For example: 919 is a palindrome
s a word, number

Enter a number:
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
4224
rev = 0
4224 is a palindrome
t = num
while t > 0:
digit = t % 10
rev=rev*10+digit
t //= 10
if num == rev:
print(num,"is a Palindrome")
else:
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print(num,"is not a palindrome") 23
Question 6
Write a program to input a number and then print if the number is an armstrong
number or number
not . is a number that is equal to the sum of cubes of its digits. Eg:(153 =

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Armstrong
13+53+33 )

s a word,
num = number
int(input("Enter a number: ")) Enter a number: 153
sum = 0 153 is an Amrstrong
t = num number
while t > 0:
digit = t % 10
sum += digit ** 3
t //= 10
if num == sum:
print(num,"is an Armstrong number")
else:
print(num,"is not an Armstrong number")
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Question 7
Write a program to print fibonacci series till value n

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The Fibonacci Sequence is the series of numbers:
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13

s a word, number
num = int(input("Enter a number: ")) Enter a number: 10
a=0 0
b=1 1
print(a,end=',') 1
print(b,end=’,’) 2
c=a+b 3
5
while c <=num:
8
print(c,end=',')
a=b
b=c
c=a+b 25
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Question 7
Write a program to print fibonacci series upto n

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nterms = int(input("Enter the number of terms : ")) Enter a number: 6
n1, n2 = 0, 1 0
count = 0
1
if nterms <= 0:
print("Please enter a positive integer") 1
s a word, number 2
elif nterms == 1:
print("Fibonacci series upto",nterms," :") 3
print(n1) 5
else:
print("Fibonacci series :")
print(n1)
print(n2)
while count < nterms-2:
n3 = n1 + n2
print(n3)
n1 = n2
n2 = n3
count =count+1
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Question 8
Write a program to check whether number is prime or not.

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Prime number is one which is only divisible by 1 or itself

num = int(input("Enter the number :")) Enter a number: 11

flag=0 Prime Number
s a word, number
i=2
while i<num:
if num % i==0:
flag=1
break
i=i+1
if flag==0:
print("Prime Number")
else:
print("Not a Prime Number")
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Unconditional exit from loop : break
statement
The break statement prematurely ends
execution of the current while or for loop. It

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break
brings thestatement
control to the statement
immediately following the current control
structure, skipping the optional "else" clause
if the loop has one.

s a word, number

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 Unconditional exit from loop : break
statement

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Output : 2
break Example
statement
:
a=2 4
while True:
print(a) 8
a*=2 16
if a>50:
break 32

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Shift to the next iteration of the loop - continue
statement

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The continue statement is used to skip the
execution of the current iteration of a loop,
and continue with the next. continue does not
terminate the loop, but continues with the
next iteration of the loop.

break and continue are also called

unconditional jump statements

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Shift to the next iteration of the loop - continue
statement

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The continue statement is used to skip the
execution of the current iteration of a loop,
and continue with the next. continue does not
terminate the loop, but continues with the
next iteration of the loop.

break and continue are also called

unconditional jump statements

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Shift to the next iteration of the loop - continue
statement

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while <test condition>:
Statement 1
if <condition>:
continue
Statement 2
Statement 3
Statement 5

In the above loop, continue will cause skipping of statements

2 and 3 in the current situation and next iteration will start

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 Shift to the next iteration of the loop - continue
statement

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Example :

var = 10
while var > 0:
var = var -1
if var == 5:
continue
print ('Current variable value :', var)

Output : Current variable value :9

Current variable value :8
Current variable value :7
Current variable value :6
Current variable value :4
Current variable value :3
Current variable value :2
Current variable value :1 33
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while loop with else clause

The else part is executed if the condition in the while loop evaluates to False.

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Example :
counter=0 Output :
while counter<3:
print(“Inside loop”)
Inside loop
counter=counter+1 Inside loop
else: Inside loop
print(“Inside else”) Inside else

s a word, number
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Nested while loop
Nested loop is a loop inside another loop.

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Example :

n=int(input('Enter the no of lines:')) Output :

i=1
Enter the no of lines:5
while i<=n: 1
j=1
while j<=i: 12
print(j,end='') 123
j=j+1
1234
print( )
i=i+1 12345

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 Nested while loop

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n=int(input('Enter the no of lines:')) Value of i Value of j
i=1
1 1
while i<=n:
j=1 2 12
while j<=i:
3 123
print(j,end='')
j=j+1 4 1234
print( )
5 12345
i=i+1

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Programs
1. Write a program to print the following patterns :

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a) 12345 b) 1 c) *

1234 2 2 * *

123 3 3 3 * * *

12 4 4 4 4 * * * *

1 5 5 5 5 5 * * * * *

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Program to generate factorial of all natural numbers
till n.

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n=int(input("Enter the value of n :")) Enter the value of n :5
i=1 Factorial of number 1 is 1
Factorial of number 2 is 2
while i<=n:
Factorial of number 3 is 6
j=i Factorial of number 4 is 24
fact=1 Factorial of number 5 is 120
while j>=1:
fact=fact*j
j-=1
print("Factorial of number ",i," is ",fact)
i=i+1

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Programs
1. Program to print all the prime numbers till n.

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2. Program to print all armstrong numbers which lie between m and n.
3. Program to print all palindrome numbers till n.
4. Program to print the factorial of all numbers from 1 till n where n is input by
the user

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Program to print all the prime numbers till n.

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n=int(input("Enter the value of n :")) Enter the value of n :5
print("Prime Numbers are :"); Prime numbers are:
i=1 2
while i<=n: 3
flag=0 5
j=2
while j<i:
if i % j==0:
flag=1
break
j=j+1
if flag==0:
print(j)
i=i+1
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Print Armstrong numbers between m and n.

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m=int(input("Enter the value of m :")) Enter the value of m :5
n=int(input("Enter the value of n :")) Enter value of n: 200
print("Armstrong Numbers are :"); Armstrong numbers are:
i=m
153
while i<=n:
sum = 0
t = i
while t > 0:
digit = t % 10
sum += digit ** 3
t //= 10
if i == sum:
print(i)
i=i+1
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Print all palindrome numbers till n.

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m=int(input("Enter the value of m :")) Enter the value of m :20
print("Palindrome Numbers are :"); Palindrome Numbers are:
i=1
1
while i<=m:
2
rev = 0
t = i 3
while t > 0: 4
digit = t % 10 5
rev=rev*10+digit 6
t //= 10 7
if i == rev: 8
print(i) 9
i=i+1 11
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Find the errors in the following code :
Code 1:

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Code 2:

a=int(input("Enter a x=123045
number: ") while x%10:
while a%5!=0 x=//10
if (a%2>0): print(x,sep="--")
print(a,sep="--) else print(a)
a+=1
else: print(a)

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Solution:
a=int(input("Enter a number: ") Missing closing bracket

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while a%5!=0 Missing colon
if (a%2>0):
print(a,sep="--) Missing double quotes
a+=1
else: print(a)

x=123045
while x%10:
x=//10 Wrong assignment
operator
print(x,sep="--")
else print(a) a is not defined

Wrong indent and Missing colon 44

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Find the errors in the following code :

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a=int(input("Enter a number: ")
b=int(input("Enter another number: ")
if a>b: step=-1
else: step=1
while a!=b:
if (a+b%2>0):
print(a+b,sep="--’)
a=+step

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Solution
a=int(input("Enter a number: ") Missing closing bracket

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b=int(input("Enter another number: ")
if a>b: step=-1
else: step=1
while a!=b:
if (a+b%2>0):
print(a+b,sep="--’)
a=+step Wrong quotation mark(‘)

Incorrect assignment operator(=+)

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Find the output of the following code:

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a=int(input('Enter a Find the output for :
number:')) 1. a,b=4,10
b=int(input('Enter a 2. a,b=2,-4
number:'))
start,end=a,b
if a>b:
start,end=b,a
i=start
while i<=end:
if (i%start==0):
print(i,end='-')
i+=1
print(i)
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Solution:

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a=int(input('Enter a Find the output for :
number:')) 1. a,b=4,10
b=int(input('Enter a 2. a,b=2,-4
number:'))
start,end=a,b Enter a number : 4
if a>b: Enter a number : 10
start,end=b,a 4-8-11
i=start
while i<=end:
if (i%start==0): Enter a number : 2
print(i,end='-') Enter a number : -4
i+=1 -4-0-3
print(i)
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Give output of the following code:

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a=10
b=a-6
if a>b:
step=-1
else: step=1
while a!=b:
if (a+b%2>0):
print(a+b,sep='--')
a+=step

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Solution:

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a=10 14
b=a-6 13
if a>b: 12
step=-1
11
else: step=1
while a!=b: 10
if (a+b%2>0): 9
print(a+b,sep='--')
a+=step

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Give output :
Find the output for :

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a=int(input("Enter the value of n : "))
while a%5!=0:
10
if a%2>0:
-6
print(a,sep="-")
a+=1
else:print(a)

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Solution:

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a=int(input("Enter the value of n : ")) Find the output for :
while a%5!=0:
10
if a%2>0:
print(a,sep="-")
-6
a+=1
else:print(a) Enter value of n : 10
10

Enter value of n : -6
-5

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Give output :

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x=123045
while x%10:
x//=10
print(x,sep="--")
else:print(x)

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Solution

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x=123045 12304
while x%10: 1230
x//=10 1230
print(x,sep="--")
else:print(x)

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Give output of the following code:

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while True: INPUT
A = int(input("A : ")) A = 10
B = int(input("B: ")) B = 20
if A >= B:
print("Stop!")
break
OUTPUT:
C = A
while C <= B:
print(C,end = "*") 10*11*12*13*14*15*16*17*18*19*20*
C+=1
print()

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