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LessonWS 3B07 05be

This document focuses on understanding the relationships among lengths, areas, and volumes of similar solids, providing key formulas for calculating these relationships. It includes examples and exercises related to similar solids such as cones, cylinders, and pyramids, emphasizing the ratios of their dimensions and areas. The document aims to enhance problem-solving skills in geometry for junior secondary students.

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lauchunghei2008
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32 views6 pages

LessonWS 3B07 05be

This document focuses on understanding the relationships among lengths, areas, and volumes of similar solids, providing key formulas for calculating these relationships. It includes examples and exercises related to similar solids such as cones, cylinders, and pyramids, emphasizing the ratios of their dimensions and areas. The document aims to enhance problem-solving skills in geometry for junior secondary students.

Uploaded by

lauchunghei2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Lesson
Similar Solids
Worksheet 7.5B
Name: _________________________ Class: ___________ WITH GUIDING
Objective: Recognize the relationship among lengths, areas and volumes of similar solids and solve related problems.

Key Points
If we use !1 and !2 to represent a pair of corresponding sides (or line segments) of two similar solids;
A1 and A2 to represent the areas of a pair of corresponding surfaces;
V1 and V2 to represent the corresponding volumes of the solids, then
2 3
A2 æ ! 2 ö V2 æ ! 2 ö
=ç ÷ and =ç ÷
A1 è !1 ø V1 è ! 1 ø

Example 1 (Level 1) Let’s Try 1.1


The ratio of the slant heights of two similar The ratio of the diameters of two spheres is
right circular cones is 4 : 9. If the total surface 9 : 16. If the surface area of the smaller
area of the larger cone is 162 cm2, find the total sphere is 40.5 cm2, find the surface area of
surface area of the smaller cone. the larger sphere.

Solution Solution

For similar solids, All spheres are similar solids.


the ratio of the areas of the the ratio of their
corresponding surfaces = total surface areas

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022
7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Let’s Try 1.2


The total surface areas of two similar circular cylinders are 62.5 cm2 and 360 cm2 respectively, and
the circumference of the base of the larger cylinder is 48 cm. Find the circumference of the base of
the smaller cylinder.

Solution

Example 2 (Level 2) Let’s Try 2


In the figure, ABCFDE is a frustum of a right In the figure, a pyramid is cut along a plane
pyramid VABC. The lengths of VE and EB are parallel to its base to obtain a smaller pyramid A
9 cm and 6 cm respectively. and a frustum B.

(a) Find the ratio of the total surface area of If the heights of pyramid A and frustum B are
pyramid VABC to that of pyramid VDEF. 6 cm and 3 cm respectively,
(b) Find the ratio of the volume of pyramid (a) find the ratio of the volume of pyramid A to
VDEF to that of frustum ABCFDE. that of the whole pyramid,
(b) find the ratio of the total area of all lateral
faces of pyramid A to that of frustum B.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 2 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022
7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Solution Solution
(a)
When a smaller pyramid is cut from a larger
pyramid along a plane parallel to its base, the
smaller pyramid must be similar to the larger
pyramid.

(a)

(b)

(b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 3 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022
7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Example 3 (Level 2) Let’s Try 3


In the figure, the volumes of two similar right In the figure, the volumes of two similar right
circular cones VAB and VCD are in the ratio pyramids VABCD and VEFGH are in the ratio
27 : 64. 8 : 125.

E H
F G
P

O (a) Find VH : VC.


(a) Find VP : VO. (b) If the total area of all lateral faces of
(b) If the curved surface area of frustum frustum ABCDEFGH is 126 cm2, find the
ABDC is 105 cm2, find the curved surface total area of all lateral faces of pyramid
area of cone VAB. VEFGH.

Solution
Solution

(a) (a)

(b) (b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 4 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022
7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Example 4 (Level 2) Let’s Try 4


There are two right pyramids with square There are two right circular cones. The larger
bases. The side of the base of the larger cone has base radius R cm and height H cm.
pyramid is X cm and the height of the larger The smaller cone has base radius r cm and
pyramid is H cm. The side of the base of the height h cm. It is given that the base area of the
smaller pyramid is x cm and the height of the larger cone is 9 times that of the smaller cone.
smaller pyramid is h cm. It is given that the (a) Find r : R.
base area of the larger pyramid is 9 times that (b) It is given that the volume of the smaller
of the smaller one. 1
cone is of that of the larger cone.
(a) Find x : X. 18
(b) It is given that the volume of the smaller Percy claims that the two cones are
1 similar. Do you agree? Explain your
pyramid is of that of the larger
24 answer.
pyramid. Macy claims that the two
pyramids are similar. Do you agree? Solution
Explain your answer. (a)
As any two circles are similar plane figures,
the bases of two circular cones are similar
Solution plane figures.

(a)

(b)
For two solids, if the ratio of their volumes
is NOT equal to the cube of the ratio of any
pair of corresponding sides, then the two
solids are NOT similar solids.
(b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 5 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022
7 Areas and Volumes (III)

Let’s try the Consolidation Corner on page 7.65 of


the textbook.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 6 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2022
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022

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