INTRODUCTION TO

CAD TOOLS

ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (INDIAN
SCHOOL OF MINES) DHANBAD
DHANBAD-826004
About the Software

• The word AutoCAD is made of two words “Auto”(name of the

company and CAD (computer aided design)

• AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided

Drafting) software application

• It is widely used for 2D and 3D design and drafting.

• Developed by Autodesk company in 1982. It came to India in

1988.

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Why CAD (Computer Aided Design)
???
Improved productivity in drafting

Improved quality over hand drafting

Reduced manpower requirements

Modifications in Drawings are easier

Improved Accuracy of Drawing

Easy to transfer

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 Coordinate system in AutoCAD

World Coordinate System User defined Coordinate System

(WCS) (UCS)
WCS (World Coordinate UCS (User Coordinate
Aspect
System) System)
Definition Global, fixed coordinate system. Local, user-defined coordinate
system
Customizability Cannot be customized Fully customizable by the user.

Scope Applies to the entire drawing. Used for specific tasks or

regions in the drawing
Purpose Acts as a universal reference. Facilitates easier modeling and
design.
Origin and Axes Fixed at (0, 0, 0). Can be set anywhere and
rotated as needed. 4
 Coordinate system in AutoCAD

Cartesian System Polar System

• Uses the “x” distance (left/right) • Uses the distance between points
and the “y” distance (up/down), (length or magnitude) and the
i.e., (x,y) in 2D, (x,y,z)(x, y, z)(x,y,z) angle, i.e., (r,θ) in 2D (distance,
in 3D. angle).
• Axes perpendicular X, Y, (Z in 3D). • Axes is radial direction and angle
from a reference.
• 𝑟= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦Τ𝑥
• 𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

The system you use will depend upon the information you have.

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AutoCAD Screen

TOOL
MENU BAR INFO CENTER
BAR

VIEW CUBE

CURSOR CORDINATE
SYSTEM

NAVIGATION
UCS ICON BAR
STATUS
COMMAND LINE BAR

LAYOUT
TABS
Giving commands in AutoCAD……….

□ Command line

□ Toolbars
(view/Toolbars)

□ Drop-down menus
You can pick any
one(s) that you
are comfortable with.

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Type of commands in AutoCAD

□ Drawing commands

□ Modifying commands

□ Dimensioning commands

□ 3D commands

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Drawing Commands

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 Modifying Commands

The modify tools (from left to right):

Erase, Copy, Mirror, Offset, Array, Move, Rotate, Scale, Stretch, Lengthen,
Trim, Extend, Break at point, Break, Chamfer, Fillet, Explode
Erase - Select this button then a drawing element to erase it
permanently from the drawing.
Copy - The copy command will copy any selected drawing elements
and reposition where specified by the user, without affecting the
original elements.
Mirror - The mirror command will create a mirror image of any
selected drawing elements along any line of symmetry specified by
the user.

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Modifying Commands Contd….
Offset-Offset will make a copy of a line or series of
selected lines by a specified distance in the direction
specified.
Array-The array command quickly creates copies
of a selected object(s) to a specified spacing..

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Modifying Commands Contd.
Polar Array-

Move: The move command works exactly the same as the copy
command described above, except instead of creating a copy of the
selected objects, the second objects are moved.

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Modifying Commands Contd…….
Rotate- The rotate command rotates any selected objects about a defined
point by the angle specified.

Scale: The scale command scales the size of a selected object(s) by a

defined scale factor from a selected base point.

Extend: The lengthen command will lengthen a selected line.

Trim: The trim command is an extremely useful tool which will erase all
parts of an object beyond or within its intersection with another object.

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Modifying Commands Contd…….
Break: The break at point command enables the user to
break an object at a specific point, creating two separate
objects.

Chamfer: The chamfer command will create a beveled

edge (angled line) at the intersection of two lines to a
specified distance.

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Modifying Commands Contd…….
Fillet: The fillet command is very similar to the chamfer
command above, Autocad creates a rounded corner (smooth arc)
between the two points.

Explode: The explode command is very straight forward. It simply

breaks down an object down to its basic line entities.

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Dimensioning Practices

Dimensional information includes

◦ Size dimensions.

◦ Location dimensions.

◦ Notes.

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Dimensioning Practices
Size Dimensions

◦ Size dimensions provide the size of physical features.

◦ Diameter of holes

◦ Width

◦ Length

◦ Depth

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 Dimensioning Practices
Location Dimensions

◦ Location dimensions provide the location of physical features.

◦ Location of holes from end

◦ Datum Dimensioning - Practice of measuring all dimensions from a single

reference point, line, or plane called a datum.

◦ Chain Dimensioning - involves measuring dimensions sequentially, where each

dimension starts from the endpoint of the previous dimension.

◦ Location of windows/doors in buildings

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Dimensioning Practices
Notes

◦ Notes give information about individual or specific

features on the drawing.

◦ They are attached to the feature with a leader line.

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Dimensioning Formats

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Dimensioning Formats

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Dimensioning Formats

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Dimensioning Formats

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Dimensioning Commands
DLI DIMLINEAR DED DIMEDIT
DAL DIMALIGNED DRA DIMRADIUS
DAN DIMANGULAR DDI
DIMDIAMETER
DBA
DIMBASELINE DOR DIMORDINATE
DCE DIMCENTER DOV DIMOVERRIDE
DCO DIMCONTINUE DST DIMSTYLE
LE LEADER

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Useful Videos
AutoCAD Basic Tutorial for Beginners - Part 1 of 3 – YouTube
AutoCAD Basic Tutorial for Beginners - Part 2 of 3 – YouTube
AutoCAD Basic Tutorial for Beginners - Part 3 of 3 - YouTube

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THANK YOU

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