ATOMIC STRUCTURE (Physical Chemistry)

PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. Which of the following conclusions could not be derived from Rutherford’s α -particle scattering
experiment ?
(A) Most of the space in the atom is empty.
(B) The radius of the atom is about 10–10 m while that of nucleus is 10–15 m.
(C) Electrons move in a circular path of fixed energy called orbits.
(D) the positive charge of the atom is not spread throughout the atom as Thomson had presumed.
The positive charge has to be concentrated in a very small volume that repelled and deflected the
positively charged α–particles.
A
2. ' particle' of 3.6 MeV are fired towards nucleus Z X , at point of closest separation distance between
' particle' and 'X' is 1.6 × 10–14 m. Calculate atomic number of 'X'
[Given : 1/40 = 9 × 109 in S.I. units]
Fill your answer as sum of digits (excluding decimal places) till you get the single digit answer.
64
3. The approximate size of the nucleus of 28 Ni is :

(A) 3 fm (B) 4 fm (C) 5 fm (D) 2 fm

4. A dye absorbs a photon of wavelength l and re-emits the same energy into two photons of
wavelength 1 & 2 respectively. The wavelength is related with 1 & 2 as
12 22 12  22
(A)  = 1 +  2 (B)  = 1 2 (C)  = (D)  =
1 2 1 +  2 1 +  2 (1 +  2 ) 2

5. How many photons are emitted per second by a 5 mW laser operating at 620 nm?
6. The energy required to break one mole of Cl–Cl bonds in Cl2 is 242 kJ mol–1. The longest
wavelength of light capable of breaking a single Cl–Cl bond is
(C = 3 × 108 ms–1 and NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1)
(A) 494 nm (B) 594 nm (C) 640 nm (D) 700 nm
7. As per Bohr theory for uni-electron specie, select the correct option
−4π2 k2 Z2 e4 m
(A) Total energy = n2 h2
−4π2 k2 Z2 e4 m
(B) Potential energy = n2 h2
2π2 k2 Z2 e4 m
(C) Kinetic energy = n2 h2
2π2 k2 Z2 e4 m
(D) Potential energy = − n2 h2

8. For Li+2 , r2 : r5 will be :-

(A) 9: 25 (B) 4: 25
(C) 25: 4 (D) 25: 9
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9. For any H like system, the ratio of velocities of I, II & III orbit i.e. V1 : V2 : V3 will be
(A) 1: 2: 3
(B) 1: 1/2: 1/3
(C) 3: 2: 1
(D) 1: 1: 1
10. Supposing the ground state energy of hydrogen like species is – 960 eV. Find out the value of
principal quantum number having the energy equal to – 60 eV :–
(A) n = 2 (B) n = 3
(C) n = 4 (D) n = 5
11. The energy of electron in ground state of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. The energies required to
eject out an electron from three lowest states of He+ ion will be (in eV)
(A) 13.6, 10.2, 3.4 (B) 13.6, 3.4, 1.5 (C) 13.6, 27.2, 40.8 (D) 54.4, 13.6, 6
12. A photon of energy 12.75 eV is completely absorbed by a hydrogen atom initially in ground
state. The principal quantum number of the excited state is
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 
13. The wavelength of the radiation emitted, when in a hydrogen atom electron falls from infinity

to stationary state 1, would be (Rydberg constant = 1.097× 107 m–1)

(A) 9.1 × 10–8 nm (B) 192 nm (C) 406 nm (D) 91 nm

14. The energy of the second stationary state in Li+2 ion is –11.025 × 10–18 J. Find ionization energy
J/mol for He+ ions in its ground state :-
(A) –1.18 × 107 (B) 1.18 × 107 (C) 13.6 (D) None of these
15. A doubly ionised lithium atom is hydrogen like with atomic number z = 3. Find the wavelength
(in A) of the radiation required to excite the electron in Li2+ from the first to the third Bohr
orbit.
16. The shortest wavelength of He+ ion in Balmer series is x, then longest wavelength in the
Paschen series of Li+2 is
(A) 36x (B) 16x (C) 9x (D) 5x
5 7 5 9

17. The ratio of wave length of photon corresponding to the -line of Lyman series in H-atom and
-line of Balmer series in He+ is
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 3 : 16
18. In a sample of H–atoms, electron transits from 6th orbit to 2nd orbit in multi steps. Then total
spectral lines (without Balmer series) will be :
(A) 6 (B) 10 (C) 4 (D) 0

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19. According to Bohr’s atomic theory, which of the following is/are correct:
Z2
(I) Kinetic energy of electron  n2

(II) The product of velocity of electron and principal quantum number ‘n’  Z2
Z2
(III) Frequency of revolution of electron in an orbit  n3
Z3
(IV) Coulombic force of attraction on the electron  n4

(A) I, III, IV (B) I, IV (C) II (D) I

20. Suppose an electron is attracted towards the origin by a force k where ‘k’ is a constant and ‘r’
r
is the distance of the electron from the origin. By applying Bohr model to this system, the

radius of the nth orbital of the electron is found to be ‘rn’ and the kinetic energy of the electron
to be ‘Tn’. Then which of the following is true?

(A) rn  n2 (B) Tn independent of n

(C) Tn  n2 (D) Tn  1
n
21. A photon of energy h is absorbed by a free electron of a metal having work function w < h.
Then :
(A) The electron is sure to come out
(B) The electron is sure to come out with a kinetic energy (h – w)
(C) Either the electron does not come out or it comes with a kinetic energy (h – w)
(D) It may come out with a kinetic energy less than (h – w)
22. Which of the following statement is false in the context of photoelectric effect ?
(A) The kinetic energy of ejected electron is independent of the photointensity of a radiation.
(B) The number of photoelectrons ejected depends upon the photointensity of the incident
radiation.
(C) The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on the frequency of the incident radiation.
(D) The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on the photointensity of the incident
radiation.
23. A light source of 32 watt emits light of  = 620 nm if all the emitted photons are made to strike
a metal plate of work function 1 eV. Then the magnitude of photocurrent (in amp ) is
[If 40% of the incident photon eject photoelectrons].
Given : hc = 1240 nm.eV

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24. The wavelength associated with a golf weighing 200 g and moving at a speed of 5 m/hr is of the
order
(A) 10–10m (B) 10–20m (C) 10–30m (D) 10–40m
 1 
25. De-Broglie wavelength of two particles A & B of same charge are plotted against   ; where V
 V

is potential on the particles. Which of the following relation is correct about mass of particle?


 A

(A) MA = MB (B) MA > MB (C) MA < MB (D) MA  MB

26. In H-atom, if ‘x’ is the radius of the first Bohr orbit, de Broglie wavelength of an electron in 3rd
orbit is:

(A) 3  x (B) 6  x (C) 9 x (D) x

2 2
27. In an atom, an electron is moving with a speed of 600 m/s with an accuracy of 0.005%. Error
with which the position of the electron can be located is

(h = 6.6 × 10–34 kg m2 s–1, mass of electron = 9.1 × 10–31 kg) :-

(A) 1.92 × 10–3 m (B) 3.84 × 10–3 m (C) 1.52 × 10–4 m (D) 5.10 × 10–3 m
28. If uncertainty in position is double to that of uncertainty in momentum for a mass particle, then
uncertainty in velocity will be

1 h 1 h 1 h h
(A) (B) (C) (D)
m 2 2m 2 m  8
29. A graph is plotted between uncertainty in position and inverse of uncertainty in wavelength for
an electron. We get a straight line passing through origin. Calculate voltage through which
electron is accelerated with -

(A) 150 V (B) 75 V (C) 37.5 V (D) 300 V

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30. In Schrodinger equation for electron Eψ = Hψ. Select incorrect option

(A) ψ is wave function for an electron in an atom
(B) ψ2 is Probability density
(𝐶) ∫ ψ2 dV is Probability
(D) ψ2 is Probability
31. Select correct option
(A) R2(r) vs r tells us the probability of finding an electron in a sphere of r radius.
(B) R(r) vs r tells us the probability of finding an electron per unit volume in a particular direction.
(C) 4πr 2 R2 (r) vs r tells us the radial probability of finding an electron over the spherical surface of
unit thickness.
(D) 4πr 2 R2 (r) vs r tells us the radial probability of finding an electron in a sphere of r radius.
32. Radial part of the wave function of an unknown orbital is :
1 3/2 −σ/2 2r
R(r) = C (a ) e (6 − 6σ + σ2 ) where σ = 3a
0 0

the orbital is :
(A) 2s
(B) 3p
(C) 3s
(D) 1s
33. Radial part of the wave function of an unknown orbital is :
1 1 3/2 2r
R(r) = 9√30 (a ) σ2 e−σ/2 σ = 3a
0 0

the orbital is :
(A) 3d (B) 2p (C) 4d (D) 1s
34. Given curve represents

(A) 3d orbital
(B) 4p orbital
(C) 3p orbital
(D) 5d orbital

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35. Which of the following graph represents the radial probability function of 3d electron?

4 r2R2

4 r2R2
(A) (B)

r r
4 r2R2

4 r2R2
(C) (D)

r r

1 3
36. Angular wave function A(, ) for any atomic orbital is " cos  " in polar co-ordinate system
2 
hence atomic orbital may be-
Z

r

 Y
X

(A) 2s (B) 2Px (C) 2Py (D) 2Pz

1
15 2
37. If angular part of wave function is f(θ, ϕ) = (4π) sin θ cos θ sin ϕ

Then the orbital is

(A) dx2-y2 (B) dzy (C) dxz (D) dxy
38. A 3P orbital has :
(A) Two spherical nodes
(B) Two non-spherical nodes
(C) One spherical and one non-spherical nodes
(D) One spherical and two non-spherical nodes
39. For an electron, with n = 3 has only one radial node. The orbital angular momentum of the
electron will be
h h
(A) 0 (B) 6 (C) 2 (D) 3  h 
2 2 2 

40. Orbital angular momentum depends on __________.

(A) l (B) n and l (C) l and m (D) m and s

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41. If hydrogen atom in ground state is passed through an inhomogeneous magnetic field, the beam
is split in two parts. This interaction with magnetic field shows
(A) existence of ortho and para hydrogen
(B) existence of magnetic moment associated with orbital motion of electron
(C) existence of spin magnetic moment of electron
(D) existence of magnetic moment of proton

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ANSWER KEY
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. (C) 2. (20) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. 1.56 × 1016 6. (A) 7. (B)
8. (B) 9. (B) 10. (C) 11. (D) 12. (C) 13. (D) 14. (B)
15. 113.74 A 16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (A) 19. (A) 20. (B)
21. (D) 22. (D) 23. 6.4 24. (C) 25. (B) 26. (B) 27. (A)
28. (B) 29. (C) 30. (D) 31. (C) 32. (C) 33. (A) 34. (C)
35. (A) 36. (D) 37. (B) 38. (C) 39. (C) 40. (C) 41. (C)

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SOLUTION
(9 109 )(z)(2)(1.6 10−19 ) 2
2. 3.6 × 1.6 × 10–13 =
1.6 10−14
Z = 20
3. R = R0 A1/3 = 1.3 × 641/3 = 5.2 fm
hC hC hC
4. E = E1 + E2  = +
 1  2

1 2
=
1 +  2
12400
5. 5 × 10–3 = × 1.6 × 10–19 × N

5 10 3
N=
   −

  =  × 1016

1 1 1 1 
11. E = 13.6 Z2  2
– 2  = 13.6×4 1 –   =54.4 eV
 n1 n 2 

1 1 
E = 13.6×4  –  = 13.6 eV
4 

1 1 
E = 13.6×4  –  = 6.04 eV
9  

1 1
12. E = 13.6 Z2  2
– 2
 n1 n 2 
z2
14. EA = EH , n2

−18
32
−11.025 × 10 = EH × 2
2
4
EH = −11.025 × 10−18 ×
9
4
I. E of He+ = 4 × 11.025 × 10−18 × × 6.02 × 1023 = 1.18 × 107
9

1 1 1
15. = Rz2 2
 n1 n 22

1 8
 = 1.09 × 107 × 9 ×
 9

  =  A

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16. Shortest wave length of Lyman series of H-atom,

1 1  1 1  1
= =R 2 − 2
so, x=
 x  (1) ()  R

1  1 1 
For Balmer series, = R (1)2  2 − 2 
  (2) (3) 

1 1 5 36x
= × so, = .
 x 36 5

1 1 
1  – 
17.
v1
= 1 4  ;
v1 1
=
v2 1 1  v2 1
4  – 
 4 16 
(n 2 – n1 )(n 2 – n1 + 1) (6 – 3)(6 – 3 + 1)
18. Total spectral lines (without Balmer series) = = =6
2 2
Z n2 vn
19. v ; r ; frequency of revolution = ;
n z 2 rn

Ze2
Coulombic force of attraction =
(40 )r 2

21. Photoelectric effect is a random phenomenon. So, electron It may come out with a kinetic
energy less than (h – w) as some energy is lost while escaping out.

h 6.625 10−34
24. = = × 3600  10–30 m.
mv 0.2  5
h
25. =
2mqV
26. r1 = 0.529 A
r3 = 0.529 × (3)2 A = 9x
2r 2 (9x)
so, = = = 6 x.
n 3
28. x =2.p
h
x . p =
4

h
2.(p)2 =
2

1 ℎ
v = 2𝑚 √2𝜋

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x
29. Slope = = x.
1/ 

h h
By Heisenberg principle P = ; dP = d
 2

h h h 2
dx × dP = ;dx × 2 d  = ; x. =
4  4 4

2 1
= =2A
4 

150
=√ V = 37.5 V
𝑉

1 3/2
32. R(r) = C (a ) σℓ . e−σ/2 (polynomial of r of degree n – ℓ –1)
0

By comparing it with given equation we can say that it is s- orbital.

n – ℓ –1 = 2
n=3
Hence orbital is 3s
1 3/2
33. R(r) = C (a ) σℓ . e−σ/2 (polynomial of r of degree n – ℓ –1)
0

By comparing it with given equation we can say that it is p- orbital

n – ℓ –1 = 0
n=2
Hence orbital is 2p
35. Number of radial nodes = n – l – 1 = 3 – 2 – 1 = 0
36. For Pz orbital nodal lane is XY plane,
i.e. cos90° = 0
37. Given angular function will be zero
at θ = 90º which is xy − plane and

ϕ = 0º which is xz − plane
therefore orbital is dyz .
39. Number of radial nodes = n –  – 1 = 1.

3––1=1 =1

Orbital angular momentum

ℎ ℎ
= √ℓ(ℓ + 1) 2𝜋 = √2 2𝜋

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