CLASS X MATHS EXAMPLER SOLUTION Chapter 8 Introduction To Trigonometry
CLASS X MATHS EXAMPLER SOLUTION Chapter 8 Introduction To Trigonometry
Resource Material
For Revised Syllabus Session 2024-25
EXEMPLAR
SOLUTIONS
MATHS
Chapter 8 :Introduction To Trigonometry
And Its Equations Class
10
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Chapter 8
Introduction To Trigonometry And Its Equations
Exercise 8.1
Choose the correct answer from the given four options:
1. If cos A = 4/5 , then the value of tan A is
(A) 3/5 (B) ¾ (C) 4/3 (D) 5/3
Solution:
According to the question,
cos A = 4/5 …(1)
We know,
tan A = sinA/cosA
To find the value of sin A,
We have the equation,
sin2 θ +cos2 θ =1
So, sin θ = √ (1-cos2 θ)
Then,
sin A = √ (1-cos2 A) …(2)
sin2 A = 1-cos2 A
sin A = √(1-cos2 A)
Substituting equation (1) in (2),
We get,
Sin A = √(1-(4/5)2)
= √(1-(16/25))
= √(9/25)
=¾
Therefore,
… (2)
To find the value of cos A.
We have the equation,
sin2 θ +cos2 θ =1
So, cos θ = √(1-sin2 θ)
Then,
cos A = √(1-sin2 A) … (3)
cos2 A = 1-sin2 A
cos A = √ (1-sin2 A)
Substituting equation 1 in 3, we get,
cos A = √(1-1/4) = √(3/4) = √3/2
Substituting values of sin A and cos A in equation 2, we get
cot A = (√3/2) × 2 = √3
3. The value of the expression [cosec (75° + θ) – sec (15° – θ) – tan (55° + θ) + cot (35° – θ)] is
(A) – 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 3 2
Solution:
According to the question,
We have to find the value of the equation,
cosec(75°+θ) – sec(15°-θ) - tan(55°+θ) + cot(35°-θ)
= cosec[90°-(15°-θ)] – sec(15°-θ) – tan(55°+θ) + cot[90°-(55°+θ)]
Since, cosec (90°- θ) = sec θ
And, cot(90°-θ) = tan θ
We get,
= sec(15°-θ) – sec(15°-θ) - tan(55°+θ) + tan(55°+θ)
=0
=1
Hence, tan 1°.tan 2°.tan 3° …… tan 89° = 1
R.H.S
Hence proved.
Since,
sec2A – tan2A = 1
sec2A – 1 = tan2A
= R.H.S
Hence proved.
= R.H.S
Hence, proved.
Hence, proved.
3. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from certain point is 30°. If the observer moves 20
metres towards the tower, the angle of elevation of the top increases by 15°. Find the height of the
tower.
Solution:
Let PR = h meter, be the height of the tower.
The observer is standing at point Q such that, the distance between the observer and tower is QR
= (20+x) m, where
QR = QS + SR = 20 + x
∠PQR = 30°
∠ PSR = θ
In ∆PQR,
= 10 (√3 + 1)
Hence, the required height of the tower is 10 (√3 + 1) meter.
4. If 1 + sin2θ = 3sinθ cosθ , then prove that tanθ = 1 or ½.
Solution:
Given: 1+sin2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ
Dividing L.H.S and R.H.S equations with sin2 θ,
We get,
cosec2 θ + 1 = 3 cot θ
Since,
cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1 ⇒ cosec2 θ = cot2 θ +1
⇒ cot2 θ +1+1 = 3 cot θ
⇒ cot2 θ +2 = 3 cot θ
⇒ cot2 θ –3 cot θ +2 = 0
Splitting the middle term and then solving the equation,
⇒ cot2 θ – cot θ –2 cot θ +2 = 0
⇒ cot θ(cot θ -1)–2(cot θ +1) = 0
⇒ (cot θ - 1)(cot θ - 2) = 0
⇒ cot θ = 1, 2
Since,
tan θ = 1/cot θ
tan θ = 1, ½
Hence, proved.
6. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from two points distant s and t from its foot are
complementary. Prove that the height of the tower is √st .
Solution:
Let BC = s; PC = t
Let height of the tower be AB = h.
∠ABC = θ and ∠APC = 90° - θ
(∵ the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from two points P and B are complementary)
⇒ h2 = st
⇒ h = √st
Hence the height of the tower is √st.
7. The shadow of a tower standing on a level plane is found to be 50 m longer when Sun’s elevation
is 30° than when it is 60°. Find the height of the tower.
Solution:
Let SQ = h be the tower.
∠SPQ = 30° and ∠SRQ = 60°
According to the question, the length of shadow is 50 m long hen angle of elevation of the sun is
30° than when it was 60°. So,
PR = 50 m and RQ = x m
So in ∆SRQ, we have
⇒ 50√3+h = 3h
⇒ 50√3 = 3h – h
⇒ 3h - h = 50√3
⇒ 2h = 50√3
⇒ h = (50√3)/2
⇒ h = 25√3
Hence, the required height is 25√3 m.
8. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and is surmounted by a vertical flag staff of height
h. At a point on the plane, the angles of elevation of the bottom and the top of the flag staff are α
and β, respectively. Prove that the height of the tower is [h tan α/(tan β – tan α)].
Solution:
Given that a vertical flag staff of height h is surmounted on a vertical tower of height H(say),
such that FP = h and FO = H.
The angle of elevation of the bottom and top of the flag staff on the plane is ∠PRO =
α and ∠FRO = β respectively
In ∆PRO, we have
Hence, proved.
Hence, proved.
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