Introduction

Script:
“Good day, everyone! It’s a pleasure to welcome you to today’s session on ‘Instructional
Materials Making.’ I’m here to guide you through the essential aspects of creating effective
instructional materials that cater to diverse learning needs.

The focus of today’s session is to help you understand the role of instructional materials in
the learning process, identify the various types of materials, and equip you with the skills to
create your own. Let’s begin by reflecting on a simple question: How do we learn?”

Understanding Average Learning Retention Rates

Script:
“One of the biggest challenges in education is not just delivering content but ensuring that
students remember what they’ve learned. Research on learning retention has provided us with
some valuable insights:

1. Lecture: Retention rate is only about 5% when students learn through lectures alone.
2. Reading: This goes up slightly to 10% when students read the material themselves.
3. Audiovisual Materials: When using videos, images, and other multimedia, retention
jumps to 20%.
4. Demonstration: When we show students how something is done, they retain about
30% of the information.
5. Discussion Group: Engaging students in group discussions boosts retention to 50%.
6. Practice by Doing: When students actively practice or perform a task, they retain
around 75%.
7. Teaching Others: The highest retention rate—90%—occurs when students teach the
material to others.

These statistics highlight a critical point: the more interactive and engaging the learning
experience, the better the retention. Passive methods like lectures and reading result in lower
retention, while active methods such as hands-on practice, discussion, and peer teaching
significantly improve understanding and memory.

So, what does this mean for us as educators? It means that to enhance learning, we need to
create instructional materials that are not just informative but engaging and interactive.
Effective instructional materials should move beyond simple lectures and readings. They
should incorporate visuals, demonstrations, discussions, and opportunities for practice. This
is why today’s focus is on making instructional materials that cater to different learning styles
and foster deeper engagement.”
How Do We Learn? Understanding Learning Styles

Script:
“Building on what we’ve just discussed about retention, it’s crucial to recognize that students
learn in different ways. There are three primary learning styles that we need to keep in mind:

1. Visual Learners: These learners remember best when they can see images, shapes, or
colors.
2. Auditory Learners: They retain information through sounds, voices, and music.
3. Kinesthetic Learners: They learn by doing, moving, and touching.

Understanding these styles helps us choose the right type of instructional material to engage
all our students effectively.”

Exploring Multiple Intelligences

Script:
“Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences suggests that intelligence is not a single,
fixed trait but rather a combination of various types. Each student has a unique blend of these
intelligences, which affects how they learn best. Here are the eight types of intelligences
Gardner identified:

1. Linguistic Intelligence: The ability to use language effectively, both in speaking and
writing. These learners enjoy reading, writing, and storytelling.
2. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence: The capacity to think logically, solve problems,
and understand complex concepts. These learners excel in reasoning, patterns, and
problem-solving activities.
3. Spatial Intelligence: The ability to visualize and manipulate objects mentally. These
learners are good at art, maps, and spatial reasoning.
4. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence: The talent for using one’s body to express oneself
or to handle objects skillfully. These learners are hands-on and learn best through
physical activities.
5. Musical Intelligence: The capacity to recognize and create musical patterns. These
learners are sensitive to sounds, rhythms, and music.
6. Interpersonal Intelligence: The ability to understand and interact effectively with
others. These learners are great communicators, enjoy group activities, and have
strong social skills.
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence: The capacity to understand oneself, one’s feelings, and
motivations. These learners are introspective and thrive on self-paced activities and
personal reflection.
8. Naturalistic Intelligence: The ability to recognize and categorize elements of the
natural world. These learners are often interested in nature, animals, and the
environment.

By understanding these multiple intelligences, we can create instructional materials that cater
to a wider range of learners. For example, you might use storytelling for linguistic learners,
hands-on experiments for kinesthetic learners, or music and rhythm for musical learners. This
ensures that every student has the opportunity to engage with the material in a way that suits
them best.”

Defining Instructional Materials

Script:
“So, what are instructional materials? Simply put, they are aids that facilitate the transfer of
information from the teacher to the student. These materials contribute significantly to the
learning process by making abstract ideas more tangible. Think of them as tools that bridge
the gap between theory and practical understanding.”

Types of Instructional Materials

Script:
“There are several categories of instructional materials that we can use in our classrooms:

1. Projected Displays: Such as PowerPoint presentations or digital slides.

2. Non-Projected Displays: Including posters, charts, and visual boards.
3. Printed and Duplicated Materials: Like textbooks, handouts, and study guides.
4. Audio Materials: Such as podcasts or voice recordings.
5. Linked Audio and Still-Visual Materials: Combining audio elements with images.
6. Film and Video Materials: Educational videos, documentaries, or animations.
7. Computer-Mediated Materials: Interactive content accessible via computers,
tablets, or other electronic devices.

Each type of material has its own strengths, depending on the learning context and the
objectives we aim to achieve.”

DepEd Order #43, s. 2013 and the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013

Script:
“Now that we’ve discussed what instructional materials are and their importance, I’d like to
connect this to a crucial policy that guides how we should approach the creation and use of
these materials in the classroom—the DepEd Order #43, s. 2013, which is part of the
Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of RA 10533, the Enhanced Basic Education
Act of 2013.

This regulation has a direct impact on how we, as educators, develop and utilize instructional
resources. One of the key sections relevant to our discussion is Rule II, Curriculum Section
10, 10.3, which specifically emphasizes the Production and Development of Materials.
Key Principles for Producing and Developing Materials

1. Production of Locally Produced Teaching and Learning Materials:

o The rule encourages us to develop instructional materials that are locally
produced. This means using content that reflects the local culture,
environment, and context of our students. By doing so, we make the learning
experience more meaningful and engaging for them.
2. Localization and Contextualization:
o We are encouraged to apply localization and contextualization across all
learning areas. Localization involves adapting the content to fit the local
setting, while contextualization requires us to anchor our lessons on the real-
life experiences of our students. This helps bridge the gap between what
students learn in the classroom and what they encounter in their communities.
3. Maximizing Available Resources:
o Localization allows us to maximize the use of resources that are already
available. This means utilizing what we have within the school and the
community. It’s not always about having the most advanced tools; it’s about
making the most of what’s accessible to us.
4. Using Authentic Materials:
o To effectively contextualize our lessons, it’s important to use authentic
materials—resources that are genuine and relevant to the students' lives. This
can include local stories, examples, objects, and even the languages spoken by
our learners.
5. Building on Existing Resources:
o Teachers are encouraged to build on what resources the school already has,
enhancing them to fit our specific needs. This approach not only saves costs
but also fosters creativity, allowing us to find innovative ways to support our
students' learning.
6. Respecting Diversity:
o A key aspect of the act is the emphasis on accommodating and respecting
cultural, linguistic, and racial diversity. Instructional materials should
reflect this diversity, making education inclusive and accessible to all students.
It’s about creating a learning environment where every student feels
represented and valued, regardless of their background.

Why This Matters

By following these principles, we ensure that our instructional materials are not only
educationally effective but also culturally relevant and inclusive. This aligns with the
Enhanced Basic Education Act's goal of providing a quality education that prepares students
for real-world challenges.

So, as we create or choose instructional materials, let’s remember to make them relatable,
resourceful, and respectful of the diverse backgrounds of our students. This way, we can
foster an engaging learning environment that empowers all our learners to succeed.”
Legal Considerations: Copyright and Plagiarism

Script:
“When creating or using instructional materials, it’s important to respect copyright laws and
avoid plagiarism. Here’s a quick overview:

 Copyright is the legal right to control the use of an original work. Make sure to check
if content is copyrighted by looking for symbols, watermarks, or copyright notes.
 Copyright Infringement is using someone else’s work without permission, which is
illegal.
 Plagiarism is the act of taking someone’s ideas or text and presenting them as your
own.

Always obtain permission if you want to use copyrighted materials, or look for content in the
public domain or with a Creative Commons license.”

Guidelines for Selecting Instructional Materials

Script:
“When it comes to choosing the right instructional material, consider the following
guidelines:

1. Do the materials fit the learning objectives? Make sure your choice aligns with
what you want students to learn.
2. Are the materials well organized? They should be structured logically to facilitate
understanding.
3. Do they prepare students for the lesson? Materials should serve as a bridge to
introduce or reinforce the content.
4. Are the materials well designed? Consider layout, visuals, and presentation quality.
5. Are they technically appropriate? Check if they are suitable for the available
resources (e.g., technology or classroom environment).
6. Do they offer sufficient repetition? Include examples, illustrations, and summaries
to reinforce learning.
7. Are they suitable for the students' level? Materials should be age-appropriate and
match students’ skills.
8. Do they match students' abilities? Adjust the complexity to meet the abilities of
your learners.”

Workshop Activity: Creating Instructional Materials

Script:
“Now, it's time for a hands-on workshop! Here’s what we’ll do:

1. Identify the Least Learned Skills in the subject you handle. These are the areas
where students struggle the most.
2. Design and create an instructional material that targets these skills.
You can use any format that you think will best support learning—be it visual, audio, or
hands-on. This activity is a chance to apply everything we’ve discussed and showcase your
creativity. Remember, your material should be clear, engaging, and tailored to your students’
needs.”

Motivation and Encouragement for Educators

Script:
“Teaching isn’t always easy, and there will be times when it feels overwhelming. During
those moments, remember this: you are a teacher, a significant figure in your students' lives.
You are not just delivering content—you are a source of inspiration and guidance for them.

No matter how challenging the day, your efforts matter. You have the power to impact young
minds positively, and that makes you very important. Remember, as Bill Gates said,
‘Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting kids working together and motivating them, the
teacher is still the most important.’”

Closing Remarks

Script:
“To conclude, instructional materials are more than just teaching aids—they are the keys to
unlocking students’ potential. Whether it’s a simple visual chart or a sophisticated
multimedia presentation, what matters most is how we use these tools to make learning
meaningful for our students.

I encourage you to explore different materials, be creative, and keep your students' needs at
the forefront. Thank you for your attention, and let’s continue to inspire and educate with
passion. Daghang Salamat!”