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Sets and Dictionaries

The document provides an overview of sets and dictionaries in Python, detailing their definitions, characteristics, syntax, and common operations. Sets are unordered collections of unique items, while dictionaries are mutable collections of key-value pairs. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding these data structures for efficient programming in Python.

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Syeda Rutab Aziz
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18 views3 pages

Sets and Dictionaries

The document provides an overview of sets and dictionaries in Python, detailing their definitions, characteristics, syntax, and common operations. Sets are unordered collections of unique items, while dictionaries are mutable collections of key-value pairs. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding these data structures for efficient programming in Python.

Uploaded by

Syeda Rutab Aziz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to : Ms. Anza Jabbar

Submitted by : Syeda Rutab Aziz

Registration no : COSC232101044

Class : BSCS 4A

Course : AI LAB

Topic : Sets and Tuples

Date Submitted : 25 - 11 - 2024

Sets
Definition

Sets are unordered collections of unique items. They are mutable but do not allow
duplicate elements.

Characteristics

Unordered: Items do not have a defined order.


Unique: No duplicate elements are allowed.

Syntax
# Creating a set

my_set = {1, 2, 3, 'apple'}

Common Operations

Adding Elements: Use add() to add a single item.

my_set.add('banana')

print(my_set) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 'apple', 'banana'}

Removing Elements: Use remove() to remove a specific item.


my_set.remove('apple')

print(my_set) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 'banana'}

Membership: Check if an item exists using the in keyword.

if 'banana' in my_set:

print('Banana is in the set') # Output: Banana is in the set

Union: Combine two sets using the | operator.

another_set = {4, 5}

combined_set = my_set | another_set

print(combined_set) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'banana'}

Intersection: Find common elements using the & operator.

common_set = my_set & another_set

print(common_set) # Output: set()

Dictionaries
Definition

Dictionaries are mutable collections of key-value pairs. Each key must be unique.

Characteristics

Key-Value Pairs: Each element is a pair consisting of a key and a value.


Mutable: You can change, add, or remove items.

Syntax
# Creating a dictionary

my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}

Common Operations

Accessing Values: Use the key to access the value.

print(my_dict['name']) # Output: Alice

Modifying Values: Assign a new value to a specific key.

my_dict['age'] = 26
print(my_dict) # Output: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26}

Adding Key-Value Pairs: Assign a value to a new key.

my_dict['city'] = 'New York'

print(my_dict) # Output: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}

Removing Key-Value Pairs: Use del to remove a specific key.

del my_dict['age']

print(my_dict) # Output: {'name': 'Alice', 'city': 'New York'}

Membership: Check if a key exists using the in keyword.

if 'name' in my_dict:

print('Name is a key in the dictionary') # Output: Name is a key in the dictionary

Key Differences

Feature Set Dictionary

Mutability Mutable (changeable) Mutable (changeable)

Syntax Curly brackets {} Curly brackets {}

Performance Faster due to uniqueness Faster due to key-value


pairs

Use Cases Unique collections Key-value pair collections

Conclusion
Lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries are fundamental data structures in Python. Choose lists when you need
a mutable collection of items, tuples when you need an immutable collection, sets when you need a unique
collection, and dictionaries when you need a key-value pair collection. Understanding these differences
will help you make efficient decisions in your Python programming.

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