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Random Forest

Ensemble learning combines multiple weak learners to create a stronger model, with Random Forest being a prominent example that utilizes multiple decision trees for predictions. It operates by training each tree on random subsets of data and features, and combines their predictions through majority voting or averaging. Key features include handling missing data, ranking feature importance, and scalability, making it versatile for both classification and regression tasks.

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Nilay Yadav
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20 views6 pages

Random Forest

Ensemble learning combines multiple weak learners to create a stronger model, with Random Forest being a prominent example that utilizes multiple decision trees for predictions. It operates by training each tree on random subsets of data and features, and combines their predictions through majority voting or averaging. Key features include handling missing data, ranking feature importance, and scalability, making it versatile for both classification and regression tasks.

Uploaded by

Nilay Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ensemble learning combines multiple simple models

(called weaklearners, like small decision trees) to create


a stronger, smarter model.There are importantly two
types of ensemble learning: Bagging thatcombines
multiple models trained independently, and Boosting
thatbuilds models sequentially, each correcting the
errors of the previous one.
Random Forest Algorithm in Machine Learning
A Random Forest is a collection of decision trees that work
together to make predictions. In this article, we'll explain
how the Random Forest algorithm works and how to use it.
Understanding Intuition for Random Forest Algorithm
Random Forest algorithm is a powerful tree learning
technique in Machine Learning to make predictions
and then we do voting of all the tress to make prediction.
They are widely used for classification and regression task.
• It is a type of classifier that uses many decision trees
to make predictions.
• It takes different random parts of the dataset to train
each tree and then it combines the results by averaging
them. This approach helps improve the accuracy of
predictions. Random Forest is based on ensemble
learning.
Imagine asking a group of friends for advice on where to
go for vacation. Each friend gives their recommendation
based on their unique perspective and preferences
(decision trees trained on different subsets of data). You
then make your final decision by considering the majority
opinion or averaging their suggestions (ensemble
prediction).

As explained in image: Process starts with a dataset with


rows and their corresponding class labels (columns).
• Then - Multiple Decision Trees are created from the
training data. Each tree is trained on a random subset
of the data (with replacement) and a random subset of
features. This process is known
as bagging or bootstrap aggregating.
• Each Decision Tree in the ensemble learns to make
predictions independently.
• When presented with a new, unseen instance, each
Decision Tree in the ensemble makes a prediction.
The final prediction is made by combining the predictions
of all the Decision Trees. This is typically done through a
majority vote (for classification) or averaging (for
regression).
Key Features of Random Forest
• Handles Missing Data: Automatically handles
missing values during training, eliminating the need
for manual imputation.
• Algorithm ranks features based on their importance
in making predictions offering valuable insights for
feature selection and interpretability.
• Scales Well with Large and Complex Data without
significant performance degradation.
• Algorithm is versatile and can be applied to both
classification tasks (e.g., predicting categories) and
regression tasks (e.g., predicting continuous values).
How Random Forest Algorithm Works?
The random Forest algorithm works in several steps:
• Random Forest builds multiple decision trees using
random samples of the data. Each tree is trained on
a different subset of the data which makes each tree
unique.
• When creating each tree the algorithm randomly
selects a subset of features or variables to split the
data rather than using all available features at a
time. This adds diversity to the trees.
• Each decision tree in the forest makes a prediction
based on the data it was trained on. When making
final prediction random forest combines the results
from all the trees.
o For classification tasks the final prediction is
decided by a majority vote. This means that the
category predicted by most trees is the final
prediction.
o For regression tasks the final prediction is the
average of the predictions from all the trees.
• The randomness in data samples and feature
selection helps to prevent the model from
overfitting making the predictions more accurate
and reliable.
Assumptions of Random Forest
• Each tree makes its own decisions: Every tree in the
forest makes its own predictions without relying on
others.
• Random parts of the data are used: Each tree is built
using random samples and features to reduce mistakes.
• Enough data is needed: Sufficient data ensures the
trees are different and learn unique patterns and
variety.
• Different predictions improve accuracy: Combining
the predictions from different trees leads to a more
accurate final results.

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