Cheatsheets / Learn JavaScript
Iterators
The .reduce() Method
The .reduce() method iterates through an array const arrayOfNumbers = [1, 2, 3, 4];
and returns a single value.
In the above code example, the .reduce()
method will sum up all the elements of the array. It const sum =
takes a callback function with two parameters arrayOfNumbers.reduce((accumulator,
(accumulator, currentValue) as currentValue) => {
arguments. On each iteration, accumulator is the
value returned by the last iteration, and the return accumulator + currentValue;
currentValue is the current element. Optionally, });
a second argument can be passed which acts as the
initial value of the accumulator.
console.log(sum); // 10
The .forEach() Method
The .forEach() method executes a callback const numbers = [28, 77, 45, 99, 27];
function on each of the elements in an array in order.
In the above example code, the callback function
containing a console.log() method will be numbers.forEach(number => {
executed 5 times, once for each element. console.log(number);
});
The .filter() Method
The .filter() method executes a callback const randomNumbers = [4, 11, 42, 14,
function on each element in an array. The callback
39];
function for each of the elements must return either
true or false . The returned array is a new array const filteredArray =
with any elements for which the callback function randomNumbers.filter(n => {
returns true . return n > 5;
In the above code example, the array
filteredArray will contain all the elements of });
randomNumbers but 4 .
The .map() Method
The .map() method executes a callback function const finalParticipants = ['Taylor',
on each element in an array. It returns a new array
'Donald', 'Don', 'Natasha', 'Bobby'];
made up of the return values from the callback
function.
The original array does not get altered, and the // add string after each final
returned array may contain different elements than the
participant
original array.
In the example code above, the .map() method is const announcements =
used to add ' joined the contest.' string finalParticipants.map(member => {
at the end of each element in the return member + ' joined the contest.';
finalParticipants array.
})
console.log(announcements);
Functions Assigned to Variables
In JavaScript, functions are a data type just as strings, let plusFive = (number) => {
numbers, and arrays are data types. Therefore,
return number + 5;
functions can be assigned as values to variables, but are
different from all other data types because they can be };
invoked. // f is assigned the value of plusFive
let f = plusFive;
plusFive(3); // 8
// Since f has a function value, it can
be invoked.
f(9); // 14
Callback Functions
In JavaScript, a callback function is a function that is const isEven = (n) => {
passed into another function as an argument. This
return n % 2 == 0;
function can then be invoked during the execution of
that higher order function (that it is an argument of). }
Since, in JavaScript, functions are objects, functions
can be passed as arguments.
let printMsg = (evenFunc, num) => {
const isNumEven = evenFunc(num);
console.log(`The number ${num} is an
even number: ${isNumEven}.`)
}
// Pass in isEven as the callback
function
printMsg(isEven, 4);
// Prints: The number 4 is an even
number: True.
Higher-Order Functions
In Javascript, functions can be assigned to variables in
the same way that strings or arrays can. They can be
passed into other functions as parameters or returned
from them as well.
A “higher-order function” is a function that accepts
functions as parameters and/or returns a function.
JavaScript Functions: First-Class Objects
JavaScript functions are first-class objects. Therefore: //Assign a function to a variable
They have built-in properties and methods,
originalFunc
such as the name property and the
.toString() method. const originalFunc = (num) => { return
Properties and methods can be added to them. num + 2 };
They can be passed as arguments and returned
from other functions.
They can be assigned to variables, array //Re-assign the function to a new
elements, and other objects. variable newFunc
const newFunc = originalFunc;
//Access the function's name property
newFunc.name; //'originalFunc'
//Return the function's body as a string
newFunc.toString(); //'(num) => { return
num + 2 }'
//Add our own isMathFunction property to
the function
newFunc.isMathFunction = true;
//Pass the function as an argument
const functionNameLength = (func) => {
return func.name.length };
functionNameLength(originalFunc); //12
//Return the function
const returnFunc = () => { return newFunc
};
returnFunc(); //[Function: originalFunc]
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