A

REPORT ON
SUB-SOIL INVESTIGATION
WORK FOR

THARTHARI BLOCK KE GRAM PANCHAYAT AMERA KE

DHOTUCHAK KE NIKAT CHIRAIYA NADI PAR RCC PUL
NIRMAN., BLOCK:-THARTHARI, DISTRICT:-NALANDA

EXECUTED BY: M/S SUPERSTAR DESIGNER PVT. LTD.

PATNA, BIHAR.
 Tharthari block ke gram panchayat Amera ke Dhotuchak ke nikat chiraiya nadi par RCC pul nirman., Block:-
Tharthari, District:-Nalanda

1.0 PREAMBLE
Soil exploration, investigation and testing of soil samples were taken up for the Tharthari block ke gram panchayat
Amera ke Dhotuchak ke nikat chiraiya nadi par RCC pul nirman., Block:-Tharthari, District:-Nalanda The said works have been
entrusted to M/s Superstar Designer Pvt. Ltd, Patna, Biher. The objective was to ascertain the subsoil characteristics and
stratification and propose suitable load carrying capacity of the soil and facilitate design of the foundation for the proposed
structure. The consultant has prepared this report based on the field work and the samples collected from the site.

2.0 FIELD EXPORALATION

The field work was started on and from 29/1/25 to 30/1/25. The boring was advanced
by a combination of Auger and Mud circulation method as per IS 1892-1981 and standard penetration test (SPT) was conducted at
suitable intervals, within the borehole, as per IS 2131-1981. Flush Joined casings were used to prevent the caving of the sub-
soil during boring work.
The undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were collected from suitable depths and were brought to the laboratory for testing
purpose. The water level was found to be at 0.50m below the existing ground level (E.G.L.).
3.0 FIELD INVESTIGATIONS
The programmed of field work at the present site was consisted of the following:-
I. Sinking of boreholes (2Nos.).
II. Collection of undisturbed soil sample from suitable depth below G.L.
III. Conduction of standard penetration test at suitable depths below G.L.
IV. Collection of disturbed soil samples.
v. Observed water level and Standing water level after 24 hours.
4.0 METHOD OF BORING
Bentonite mud drilling technique developed by the Central Building Research Institute
was adopted in this case.
Boring was done with soil cutter by direct and circulation throughout the borehole, the
5% bentonite slurry, ejecting out of the cutter, brought the cut materials to the surface. The bentonite slurry, by virtue of its density
and thixotropy stabilises the borehole and prevented sand blowing, soft soil blowing and sedimentation. Thus the
natural characteristic of the sub-soil strata was not disturbed and the firm base of the borehole could be reached for undisturbed
soil sampling and conduction of standard penetration tests.
5.0 COLLECTION OF UNDISTRUBED SAMPLES
These were taken by methods, which preserves the structure and properties of the
materials. Undisturbed samples were collected at suitable intervals of depth from the borings by dividing two-tier thin-walled
open drive sampler of 100mm internal diameter (ID). The area ratio of each tube was kept within 15 % to minimize possible
disturbance during sampling. The tubes were sealed with paraffin wax at both ends, labeled depth wise and dispatched to the
laboratory for testing. A properly designed sampling tool in the form of open tube sampler made up seamless steel tube was
used for the same. These samples were collected in strict compliance with the specification stipulated in IS1892 and IS
2131.Such samples were only recovered from cohesive deposits as because undisturbed samples cannot be recovered from
cohesion less soil.
6.0 STANDARD PENETRATION TESTS
Standard penetration test were conducted at each borehole at suitable intervals of depth
in between levels from which undisturbed samples were taken in the cohesive strata.
S.P.T. was also conducted with the sandy strata. The test was done with standard split spoon sampler as per IS: 2131-1963.
The N-Values were obtained by counting the number of blows required to drive the spoon from 15 cm. to 45 cm.
7.0 COLLECTION OF DISTURBED SAMPLES
Disturbed samples are collected manually from the Auger and from split spoon sampler.
These sample are taken in polythene bags, sealed properly to make it water tight and
sent to laboratory. These samples are used for grain size analysis, Atterberg tests etc.
These are also done to enable to locate the change of layers.
8.0 GROUND WATER TABLE
Ground water observations. Generally made during boring and the depth at which it was
encountered and the standing water level as observed may be recorded in the respective bore log sheet for all the boreholes
sunk at the present site. Moreover the standing water level generally measured in the boreholes after 24 hours of removal of
casings. In the present case the standing water level observed between 3.5m depth BGL at a borehole. However, in the
existing condition these levels of ground water are likely to change with the seasonal variation.
For design purpose it is advisable to consider the worst possible condition of standing water level to merge with existing
ground level, which has been done is present case. The results of bearing capacity of any foundation will not be affected by
the fluctuation of water table, since the same was estimated under worst condition.
9.0 LABORATORY TESTS
The programmed of the laboratory testing was consisted of the following:
i. Determination of Natural Moisture Contents (N.M.C.);
ii. Determination of Bulk & Dry Unit Weight;
iii. Mechanical Analysis (Hydrometer & Sieve Analysis);
iv. Determination of a Atterberg Limits (Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit);
v. Tri-axial Tests (UU);
vi. Unconfined Compression Test (UC);
vii. Consolidation Tests;
viii. Direct Shear Test;
ix. Specific Gravity;
10.0 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS LABORATORY TESTS
i) NATURAL MOISTURE CONTENT
It is the ratio of the weight of water to the dry weight of soil determined by oven
drying.
ii) BULK & DRY DENSITY
It is the weight of the undisturbed samples for unit volume determined by taking the weight and volume of the specimen
iii) MECHANICAL ANALYSIS
(a) Sieve Analysis
The complete sieve analysis can be divided into two parts, i.e, the coarse analysis and fine analysis. An oven dried samples of soil is
separated into two fractions by sieving it through a 4.75 mm IS sieve. The portion retained of it (+4.75mm size) is termed as the
gravel fraction and is kept for coarse analysis, while the portion passing through it (- 4.75mm size) is subjected to fine sieve
analysis and the sieve used were IS 100, 63, 20, 10 and 4.75mm, 600, 425, 300, 212, 150, 75 micron IS sieves.
(b) Hydrometer Test
In the wet method of mechanical analysis or sedimentation analysis, the soil fraction, finer than 75 micron size is kept in
suspension in a liquid (usually water) medium. The analysis is based on stoke’s law, according to which the velocity at which grains
settle out of suspension, all other factor being equal, is depended upon the shape, weight and size of the particles/grains.

iv) ATTERBERG LIMITS

These are arbitrary moisture contents to determine the instant at which the soil is on the verge of being viscous liquid limit or
non-plastic (Plastic) limit. Liquid limit is determined with the help of a liquid limit apparatus, plastic limit is the water content at
which the soil begins to crumble when rolled out into a thing thread of 3 mm diameter.
v,vi) TRI-AXIAL TEST/ UNCONFIND COMPRESSION TEST
These tests were conducted on the clay/clayey silt samples to determined their shear strengths. The samples were tested under
quick condition at the rate of 1.25 mm min. and were loaded upto maximum of 20% axial strain. The cell pressures employed during
the test were 0.5kg/cm2, 1.0 kg/cm2 and 1.5 kg/cm2.
vii) CONSOLIDTION TEST
This test is necessary to estimate the settlement characteristics of cohesive soil. In the consolidometer ring (6.25 cm dia.) a 2 cm
high sample is taken with porous stones on top and bottom. After saturation a compressive load is applied and maintained for 24
hours. The compression of the sample is measured at regular interval by a dial gauge. Thus load increment is made and the
procedure is repeated. From the result obtained, e-log p curve is drawn to estimate the compression index (Cc).
viii) DIRECT SHEAR TEST
These tests were done on the sandy soil to determine the angle shearing resistance. The normal pressures employed in test were
0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg/cm2.
ix) SPECIFIC GRAVITY
It is the ratio of the unit weight of water of soil solids to that of water.
11.0 GENERAL DISCUSSIONS
All these tests are conducted as per relevant IS codes were such exists and the test results are tabulated in tables.
The result of all laboratory tests have been reflected in a form in Bore log and test result sheet enclosed in appendix.
Geographical and pictorial representations of test Observations wherever relevant ware also reflected and enclosed at the
appendix for there better appreciation.
The location of boreholes is shown in Figure 1. A profile through the boreholes, the distributions of Field N-value are shown
in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively.
12.0 SOIL PROFILE AND PROPERTIES
Based on visual classification and results of field and laboratory tests on the samples recovered the proposed site may,
broadly, be divided into the following major soil strata as described below:

Layer Details

Average Field N-

Plasticity Index

Shear strength
Bulk Density

Liquid Limit
Description Depth below EGL (m)
Stratu

(t/m3)
m No.

From To

(%)
I Reddish grey silty clay 0.00 3.50 10 1.90 31.9 10.1 C= 3.40 t/Sqm

ф = 10 deg

II Yellowish grey gritty silty clay 3.50 16.50 21 1.93 34.3 10.0 C= 3.60 t/Sqm

ф = 27 deg

III Yellowish grey gritty silty clay 16.50 25.00 33 1.92 34.1 10.9 C= 3.70 t/Sqm

ф = 40 deg

* Suggested value.
13.0 DISCUSSIONS ON FOUNDATION
The load coming on the foundation is high. Considering the above factor deep foundation in the form of R.C.C bored cast-in-situ
piles is suggested. Pile of 1000mm & 1200mm diameter and different termination level below EGL are suggested with a cut-off level
at -1.50m below E.G.L. The load carrying capacities of piles as per laboratory results are presented below:
Pile Dia (mm) Pile depth (m) Suggested Pile Vertical Load
Capacity (t)

1000 20.00 238

1000 26.00 208
1200 20.00 258
1200 26.00 338
14.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
 The subsoil characteristic of site at Construction of RCC Bridge to be constructed was determined from soil
exploration with one No of borehole.
 Deep foundation in the form of RCC bored cast-in-situ piles are suggested for the proposed structure. The
capacities for such foundations shall be governed by the given in Section 6.
 The load carrying capacities of the piles shall be checked and confirmed by pile load test.
 Suitable pile cap shall be provided for the piles in a group.
 The spacing of the piles in a group should not be less than 3 times of the pile diameter.
 Construction in stages is also advised.
 Precaution in all respect should be taken for nearby existing structures, if any.

 The final decision regarding the foundation will depend on the judgment of the
engineer concerned.
 Borehole Log & Test Result

Project: Consultancy services for preparation of DPR, Tender Documents, Evaluation of Tenders for the Bridges
on Rural Road Improvement Programme in the State of Bihar- Soil Investigation work. BH-01

NOTATIONS
Package: Date of Starting: 22-01-2025 Termination Depth of Borehole: 35.0m DS : Disturbed Sample CS: Rock core sample
Bore Hole No: 1 (One) Date of completion: 23-01-2025 UDS : Undisturbed Sample RQD: Rock Quality Designation
R.L. OF B.H. 100.700 Method of boring: Auger Shell & Rotary mud circulation SL : Sipped CR: Core Recovery
TS: Triaxial Test (UU) DT: Direct Shear

Shearing Strength
Consolidatation

Natural Moisture
Type of Sampling
Depth below EGL SPT Grain Size Distribution Atterberg Limits

Specific Gravity
characteristic

IS classification
Thickness (m)

UCC (kg/cm²)
sample/Run
Characteristic

Unit Weight
Content (%)

Dry Density
Depth of

RQD (%)

(gm/cc)
(gm/cc)
Symbol
CR %
(m)
Description of Strata

"N" Value

Cohesion

° (Dgree)
% Gravel
Depth in

(kg/cm²)
Type of
% Sand

% Clay
Compress

Ph (%)
PL (%)
meter

LL (%)
% Silt

test
Cc eo
ibility

0.00
0.50 DS 0.50 0.50
1.00 DS 1.00 1.00 0 to3.5
Reddish grey silty clay
1.50 DS 1.50 1.50 10 m CL 0 11.58 57.58 30.84 - 1.90 - 2.75 31.94 21.64 10.14 DT 0.34 9.00 - - - -
2.00
3.50
4.00 DS 4.00 4.00 12 CL 0 13.58 56.58 29.84 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
4.50
5.00
5.50 DS 5.50 5.50 9 CL 0 14.08 55.58 30.34 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
6.00
6.50
7.00 DS 7.00 7.00 17 CL 0 14.78 56.98 28.24 - 1.93 - 2.76 31.44 21.84 10.64 DT 0.47 13.00 - - - -
7.50
8.00
8.50 DS 8.50 8.50 17
Yellowish grey gritty silty
9.00 clay.
9.50
4 to
10.00 DS 10.00 10.00 21 16.5 m CL 0 19.50 57.68 22.82 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
10.50
11.00
11.50 DS 11.50 11.50 28
12.00
12.50
13.00 DS 13.00 13.00 32 CL 0 19.80 57.98 22.22 - 1.94 - 2.77 34.50 22.24 10.34 DT 0.48 19.00 - - - -
13.50
14.00
14.50 DS 14.50 14.50 33
15.50 Yellowish grey gritty silty
16.00 clay.
16.50 DS 17 17 27 CL 0 20.10 58.48 21.42 - 1.93 - - 34.30 22.74 10.04 - 0.50 24.00 - - - -
17.00
17.50
18.00 DS 18.00 18.00 30
18.50
19.00
Yellowish grey gritty silty 17.5 to
19.50 DS 19.50 19.50 26 clay. 22 m CL 0 22.10 57.48 20.42 - - - - - - - 0.53 29.00 - - - -
20.00
20.50
 Borehole Log & Test Result

Project: Consultancy services for preparation of DPR, Tender Documents, Evaluation of Tenders for the Bridges
on Rural Road Improvement Programme in the State of Bihar- Soil Investigation work. BH-01

NOTATIONS
Package: Date of Starting: 22-01-2025 Termination Depth of Borehole: 35.0m DS : Disturbed Sample CS: Rock core sample
Bore Hole No: 1 (One) Date of completion: 23-01-2025 UDS : Undisturbed Sample RQD: Rock Quality Designation
R.L. OF B.H. 100.700 Method of boring: Auger Shell & Rotary mud circulation SL : Sipped CR: Core Recovery
TS: Triaxial Test (UU) DT: Direct Shear

Shearing Strength
Consolidatation

Natural Moisture
Type of Sampling
Depth below EGL SPT Grain Size Distribution Atterberg Limits

Specific Gravity
characteristic

IS classification
Thickness (m)

UCC (kg/cm²)
sample/Run
Characteristic

Unit Weight
Content (%)

Dry Density
Depth of

RQD (%)

(gm/cc)
(gm/cc)
Symbol
CR %
(m)
Description of Strata

"N" Value

Cohesion

° (Dgree)
% Gravel
Depth in

(kg/cm²)
Type of
% Sand

% Clay
Compress

Ph (%)
PL (%)
meter

LL (%)
% Silt

test
Cc eo
ibility

21.00
21.50
22.00 DS 22.00 22.00 35 CL 0 22.10 57.68 20.22 - 1.95 - 2.78 34.00 22.44 10.44 DT 29.90 - - - -
22.50
23.00
23.50
24.00
Yellowish grey gritty silty 22.5 to
24.50 clay. 27.5 m
25.00
25.50
26.00
26.50 DS 26.5 26.5 40 CL 0 22.60 59.68 17.72 - 1.92 - - 34.10 21.74 10.94 - - 30.90 - - -
27.00
27.50
28.00
28.50
27 to 32
29.00 Greyish silty sand
m
29.50
30.00
30.50
31.00
31.50 DS 31.50 31.50 47 SM 0 22.60 77.40 - - - - - - - NP - - 33.90 - - -
32.00
32.50
33.00
33.50
31.5 to
34.00 Greyish silty sand
36.5 m
34.50
35.00
35.50
36.00
36.50 SM 0 22.60 77.40 - - - - - - - NP - - 34.90 - - -
 Grain Size Analysis (IS:2720 Part IV)

Weight of dry sample : 500 gm BH No.

Weight Cumulative 1
Sieve Size Cumulative %
Retained Weight Retained % Passing Tube No.
(mm) Retained
(gm) (gm)

4.750 0 0 0.00% 100.00% Depth : 5.00 m 1.00 0.000

2.000 0 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.000
1.180 1.8 1.8 0.36% 99.64% Gravel
0.00%
1.8
0.600 5.4 7.2 1.44% 98.56% Content : 5.4
0.425 10.8 18 3.60% 96.40% Sand
18.60%
10.8
0.300 26.25 44.25 8.85% 91.15% Content : 26.25
0.150 26.25 70.5 14.10% 85.90% Silt & Clay 26.25
81.40%
Content :
0.075 22.5 93 18.60% 81.40% 22.5

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVE

100%

90%

80%

70%

Percentage Passing
60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000

Particle Size in mm

Package Symbol BH NO Depth (m)

o 1 5.00 m
 Grain Size Analysis (IS:2720 Part IV)

Weight of dry sample : 500 gm BH No.

Weight Cumulative 2
Sieve Size Cumulative %
Retained Weight Retained % Passing Tube No.
(mm) Retained
(gm) (gm)

4.750 0 0 0.00% 100.00% Depth : 15.00 m 1.00 0.000

2.000 0 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.000
1.180 2 2 0.40% 99.60% Gravel
0.00%
2
0.600 6 8 1.60% 98.40% Content : 6
0.425 12 20 4.00% 96.00% Sand
21.00%
12
0.300 29.75 49.75 9.95% 90.05% Content : 29.75
0.150 29.75 79.5 15.90% 84.10% Silt & Clay 29.75
79.00%
Content :
0.075 25.5 105 21.00% 79.00% 25.5

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVE

100%

90%

80%

70%

Percentage Passing
60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000

Particle Size in mm

Package Symbol BH NO Depth (m)

o 1 15.00 m Page 184

 Borehole Log & Test Result

Project: Consultancy services for preparation of DPR, Tender Documents, Evaluation of Tenders for the Bridges
on Rural Road Improvement Programme in the State of Bihar- Soil Investigation work. BH-02

NOTATIONS
Package: Date of Starting: 22-01-2025 Termination Depth of Borehole: 35.0m DS : Disturbed Sample CS: Rock core sample
Bore Hole No: 1 (One) Date of completion: 23-01-2025 UDS : Undisturbed Sample RQD: Rock Quality Designation
R.L. OF B.H. 100.500 Method of boring: Auger Shell & Rotary mud circulation SL : Sipped CR: Core Recovery
TS: Triaxial Test (UU) DT: Direct Shear

Shearing Strength
Consolidatation

Depth below EGL

Natural Moisture
Type of Sampling
SPT Grain Size Distribution Atterberg Limits

Specific Gravity
characteristic

IS classification
Thickness (m)

UCC (kg/cm²)
Characteristic

Unit Weight
sample/Run

Content (%)

Dry Density
Depth of

RQD (%)

(gm/cc)

(gm/cc)
Symbol
CR %
(m)
Description of Strata

"N" Value

Cohesion

° (Dgree)
% Gravel
Depth in

(kg/cm²)
Type of
% Sand

% Clay
Compress

Ph (%)
PL (%)
meter

LL (%)
% Silt

test
Cc eo
ibility

0.00
0.50 DS 0.50 0.50
1.00 DS 1.00 1.00 0 to3.5
Reddish grey silty clay
1.50 DS 1.50 1.50 10 m CL 0 15.70 56.70 27.60 - 1.80 - 2.65 33.00 22.70 11.20 DT 0.39 9.00 - - - -
2.00
3.50
4.00 DS 4.00 4.00 12 CL 0 17.70 55.70 26.60 - - - - - - - - - - - -
4.50
5.00
5.50 DS 5.50 5.50 9 CL 0 18.20 54.70 27.10 - - - - - - - - - - - -
6.00
6.50
7.00 DS 7.00 7.00 17 CL 0 18.90 56.10 25.00 - 1.83 - 2.66 32.50 22.90 11.70 DT 0.41 13.00 - - - -
7.50
8.00
8.50 DS 8.50 8.50 17
Yellowish grey gritty silty
9.00 clay.
9.50
4 to 16
10.00 DS 10.00 10.00 21 m CL 0 20.30 56.80 22.90 - - - - - - - - - - - -
10.50
11.00
11.50 DS 11.50 11.50 28
12.00
12.50
13.00 DS 13.00 13.00 32 CL 0 20.60 57.10 22.30 - 1.84 - 2.67 32.57 23.30 11.40 DT 0.27 19.00 - - - -
13.50
14.00
14.50 DS 14.50 14.50 31
15.00 Yellowish grey gritty silty
15.50 clay.
16.00 DS 16 16 37 CL 0 20.90 57.60 21.50 - - - - - - - 0.25 24.00 - - - -
16.50
17.00
17.50 DS 17.50 17.50 40
18.00
18.50
Yellowish grey gritty silty 17 to
 Borehole Log & Test Result

Project: Consultancy services for preparation of DPR, Tender Documents, Evaluation of Tenders for the Bridges
on Rural Road Improvement Programme in the State of Bihar- Soil Investigation work. BH-02

NOTATIONS
Package: Date of Starting: 22-01-2025 Termination Depth of Borehole: 35.0m DS : Disturbed Sample CS: Rock core sample
Bore Hole No: 1 (One) Date of completion: 23-01-2025 UDS : Undisturbed Sample RQD: Rock Quality Designation
R.L. OF B.H. 100.500 Method of boring: Auger Shell & Rotary mud circulation SL : Sipped CR: Core Recovery
TS: Triaxial Test (UU) DT: Direct Shear

Shearing Strength
Consolidatation

Depth below EGL

Natural Moisture
Type of Sampling
SPT Grain Size Distribution Atterberg Limits

Specific Gravity
characteristic

IS classification
Thickness (m)

UCC (kg/cm²)
Characteristic

Unit Weight
sample/Run

Content (%)

Dry Density
Depth of

RQD (%)

(gm/cc)

(gm/cc)
Symbol
CR %
(m)
Description of Strata

"N" Value

Cohesion

° (Dgree)
% Gravel
Depth in

(kg/cm²)
Type of
% Sand

% Clay
Compress

Ph (%)
PL (%)
meter

LL (%)
% Silt

test
Cc eo
ibility
Yellowish grey gritty silty 17 to
19.00 DS 19.00 19.00 36 clay. 21.5 m CL 0 22.90 56.60 20.50 - - - - - - - 0.24 28.30 - - - -
19.50
20.00
20.50
21.00
21.50 DS 21.50 21.50 45 CL 0 22.90 56.80 20.30 - 1.85 - 2.68 32.07 23.50 11.50 DT 0.17 29.20 - - - -
22.00
22.50
23.00
23.50
Yellowish grey gritty silty 22 to 27
24.00 clay. m
24.50
25.00
25.50
26.00 DS 26.0 26.0 50 CL 0 23.40 58.80 17.80 - - - - - - NP - 0.15 30.20 - - -
26.50
27.00
27.50
28.00
26.5 to
28.50 Greyish silty sand
31.5 m
29.00
29.50
30.00
30.50
31.00 DS 31.00 31.00 57 SM 0 23.40 76.60 - - - - - - - NP - 33.20 - - -
31.50
32.00
32.50
33.00
31 to 36
33.50 Greyish silty sand
m
34.00
34.50
35.00
35.50
36.00 SM 0 23.40 76.60 - - - - - - - NP - - 34.20 - - -
 Grain Size Analysis (IS:2720 Part IV)

Weight of dry sample : 500 gm BH No.

Weight Cumulative 1
Sieve Size Cumulative %
Retained Weight Retained % Passing Tube No.
(mm) Retained
(gm) (gm)

4.750 0 0 0.00% 100.00% Depth : 15.00 m 1.00 0.000

2.000 0 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.000
1.180 1.6 1.6 0.32% 99.68% Gravel
0.00%
1.6
0.600 4.8 6.4 1.28% 98.72% Content : 4.8
0.425 9.6 16 3.20% 96.80% Sand
11.40%
9.6
0.300 14.35 30.35 6.07% 93.93% Content : 14.35
0.150 14.35 44.7 8.94% 91.06% Silt & Clay 14.35
88.60%
Content :
0.075 12.3 57 11.40% 88.60% 12.3

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVE

100%

90%

80%

70%

Percentage Passing
60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000

Particle Size in mm

Package Symbol BH NO Depth (m)

o 1 15.00 m
 Grain Size Analysis (IS:2720 Part IV)

Weight of dry sample : 500 gm BH No.

Weight Cumulative 2
Sieve Size Cumulative %
Retained Weight Retained % Passing Tube No.
(mm) Retained
(gm) (gm)

4.750 0 0 0.00% 100.00% Depth : 15.00 m 1.00 0.000

2.000 0 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.000
1.180 1.9 1.9 0.38% 99.62% Gravel
0.00%
1.9
0.600 5.7 7.6 1.52% 98.48% Content : 5.7
0.425 11.4 19 3.80% 96.20% Sand
12.40%
11.4
0.300 15.05 34.05 6.81% 93.19% Content : 15.05
0.150 15.05 49.1 9.82% 90.18% Silt & Clay 15.05
87.60%
Content :
0.075 12.9 62 12.40% 87.60% 12.9

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVE

100%

90%

80%

70%

Percentage Passing
60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000

Particle Size in mm

Package Symbol BH NO Depth (m)

o 1 15.00 m Page 184

 CALCULATIONS FOR LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF PILE

INTRODUCTION : -

DESIGN DATA : -

Type of pile = Bored cast-in-situ

Diameter of Pile Type -2 = dia = 1.20 m
Length of Pile (from pile cap bottom) = len = 26.0 m
Founding Level = fdlvl = 67.90 m
Pile Cap Bottom Level = plcatl = 93.90 m
Pile Cap Thickness = plcath = 1.80 m
2
Ap = X-sectional Area of Pile = p * dia*dia/4 = 1.1310 m
Factor of Safety = FOS = 2.5

Soil Properties

Angle of Internal Friction at tip = f = 30.0 deg

Ng = Bearing Capacity Factor (for phi = 30.0 deg) = 22.400
[As per IS:6403-1981]
Nq = Bearing Capacity Factor (for phi = 30.0 deg) = 18.400

= Cp = 2
Cohesion at Pile Tip 0.0 t/m
Density of Soil = g = 19.00 kn/m
3

= 3
1.938 t/m

Bearing Capacity Factor = Nc = 30.14

Effective Unit Weight of Soil at pile tip = gsub = 0.938 t/m
3

BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS

VERTICAL LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS
(By Static Formula, Appendix B, IS:2911(PartI/Sec2)}

a) End Bearing
The ultimate bearing capacity in end bearing (QP) for piles in C - f soil is given by
QP = Ap * [ ( NC*CP ) + ( 1/2 * D * g * Ng + PD * Nq ) ]
As per IS:2911-(1/2), for calculating effective overburden pressure, depth corresponding to 15 times diameter of pile shall be considered.
Layer >> Upto 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total
2
PD at 67.9 85.9 0 6.35 4.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.84 = 16.11 t/m
Depth of layer from bottom 5.00 5.50 4.00 9.00 6.00 3.50 3.50
= 1.131 * [ ( 30.14*0.00 ) + ( 0.5*1.20*0.938*22.4 + 16.110*18.4 ) ] = 0.0 + 349.5 = 349.5 t 36.50

b) Side Friction
The ultimate bearing capacity in side friction (QS) for piles in C - f soil is given by
QS = S ni=1 [ a * Ci * As + K * PDi * tan d * Asi ]
Soil Properties as per Bore Hole No.1 (Depth below 2.30m G.L)
Coefficient of Earth Pressure = K = 1.0

S.No f gd Depth Depth of G e gsat gsub PD1 PD2 PDavg Asi C a aCAsi Load - t
from GL Pile
1 9.00 1.94 3.50 3.50 2.66 0.371 2.211 1.211 0.000 4.237 2.119 13.195 0.10 0 0.000 4.428
2 13.00 1.95 7.00 3.50 2.66 0.364 2.217 1.217 4.237 8.497 6.367 13.195 0.14 0 0.000 19.395
3 19.00 1.95 13.00 6.00 2.66 0.364 2.217 1.217 8.497 15.798 12.147 22.619 0.18 0 0.000 94.610
4 29.90 1.97 22.00 9.00 2.66 0.350 2.229 1.229 15.798 26.863 21.330 33.929 0.27 0 0.000 416.159
5 30.90 1.97 26.00 4.00 2.66 0.350 2.229 1.229 26.863 31.780 29.321 15.080 0.00 0 0.000 264.626
8
9
10
11
36.5 0.000 1825.393
608.464
The total ultimate bearing capacity (QU) for pile
QU = QP + QS = 349.5 + 608.464 = 958.0 t

Therefore Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Pile = 958.0 ton

Net Bearing Capacity as per static formula Qnet = Qu / FOS = 383.2 ton
Say 383.0 ton
3
Density of Concrete 2.5 t/m
Self Weight of Pile (Buoyant) = 1.131 * 26.0 * (2.5 - 1.0 ) = 44.1 t

Net Bearing Capacity of Pile = 383.0 - 44.1 = 338.9 t

Say 338.0 ton
Net Vertical Load carrying Capacity of Pile (excluding selfweight) = 338.0 t
HORIZONTAL LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS
{Append. C , IS:2911(PartI/Sec2)}

The maximum lateral load on any pile under normal condition shall not exceed the value corresponding to 5mm horizontal deflection (produced at cut-off level)

The lateral load capacity, depth of fixity amd maximum moment in pile is calculated as per Append. C of IS:2911(PartI/Sec2)-1979. Minimum value of lateral load capacity is adopted for
Design.
Depth of Fixity
Depth of Fixity for pile (LF) is given by plots in Fig. 2 (Append.C) of IS:2911 between LF/R or LF/T.
Where
LF = Depth of Fixity
L1 = Height above ground level of Lateral Forces
R = (EI/K1)1/4
Grade of Concrete M 35
Here Dia of Pile 1.2 m
E = Young's Modulus of the Pile Material (i.e. M35 grade concrete)
= = 2.96E+06 t/m2
I = pi * (dia)4 / 64 = 0.1018 m
4

3
K2 = Constant (from Table 1 of Append. C) = 0.526 Kg/cm
3
= 526.0 t/m
Therefore
T = ( E * I / K1)1/5 = 3.56
L1 = (for Fixed Head Piles) = 0.0 m
for Fixed Head Piles in Preloaded Clays, from Fig.2 of Append.C
LF/T = Depth of Fixity = 2.20
Therefore
LF = 2.2 * R = 2.2 * 3.56 = 7.835 m
Pile Head Deflection (Y) is given by
Y = Q ( L1 + LF)3/ 12EI (for Fixed Head piles, refer to Cl. C.1.3 of Append.
C)

or Q = 12EI * Y / ( L1 + LF)3
Where
Q = Lateral Load Capacity
and
Y = 5 mm = 0.005 m
(Maximum Deflection, as per Design Criteria)
Therefore
Q = 12EI * Y / ( L1 + LF)3
= 12 * 29,60,000 * 0.102 * 0.005 / (0.0 + 7.83)**3 = 37.59 ton
i.e. Lateral Load Carrying Capacity of Pile under Normal = Qlat = 37.59 ton
Condition
Therefore
QSEISMIC = 1.25 * 37.6 = 46.9 ton
Thus, Lateral Load Carrying Capacity of Pile
Under Normal Condition = 37.59 ton
Under Seismic Condition = 46.90 ton