Question ID bd9eb2b5

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bd9eb2b5

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bd9eb2b5 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Substituting for in the given function yields . Dividing each side of this equation
by yields . Therefore, when the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of for which , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of for which , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of for which , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0d6ab461
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0d6ab461

Gabriella deposits in a savings account at the end of each week. At the beginning of the week of a year there
was in that savings account. How much money, in dollars, will be in the account at the end of the week of that
year?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0d6ab461 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that at the beginning of the week of the year there was in a savings account and
Gabriella deposits in that savings account at the end of each week. Therefore, the amount of money, in dollars, in
the savings account at the end of the week of that year is , or .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the amount of money, in dollars, that will be in the account at the end of the week if
Gabriella withdraws, rather than deposits, at the end of each week.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the amount of money, in dollars, that will be in the account at the end of the week, not
the week.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 520c8177
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 520c8177

A veterinarian recommends that each day a certain rabbit should eat calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight, plus
an additional calories. Which equation represents this situation, where is the total number of calories the
veterinarian recommends the rabbit should eat each day if the rabbit’s weight is pounds?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 520c8177 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit should eat calories per pound
of the rabbit’s weight, plus an additional calories. If the rabbit’s weight is pounds, then multiplying calories per
pound by the rabbit’s weight, pounds, yields calories. Adding the additional calories that the rabbit should eat
each day yields calories. It’s given that is the total number of calories the veterinarian recommends the
rabbit should eat each day if the rabbit’s weight is pounds. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the
equation .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit
should eat calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit
should eat , or , calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit
should eat calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight, plus an additional calories.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 88e13c8c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 88e13c8c

The total cost , in dollars, to lease a car for months from a particular car dealership is given by
, where is the monthly payment, in dollars. What is the total cost to lease a car when the
monthly payment is ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 88e13c8c Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that is the total cost, in dollars, to lease a car from this dealership with a monthly
payment of dollars. Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, to lease the car when the monthly payment is is
represented by the value of when . Substituting for in the equation yields
, or . Thus, when the monthly payment is , the total cost to lease a
car is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 8c5e6702
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8c5e6702

A window repair specialist charges for the first two hours of repair plus an hourly fee for each additional hour. The
total cost for hours of repair is . Which function gives the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair, where
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c5e6702 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the window repair specialist charges for the first two hours of repair plus an
hourly fee for each additional hour. Let represent the hourly fee for each additional hour after the first two hours.
Since it’s given that is the number of hours of repair, it follows that the charge generated by the hourly fee after the
first two hours can be represented by the expression . Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair
is . It’s given that the total cost for hours of repair is . Substituting for and for
into the equation yields , or . Subtracting
from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields .
Substituting for in the equation yields , which is equivalent
to , or . Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair is
.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair where the specialist
charges , rather than , for the first two hours of repair.

Choice C is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair where the specialist
charges , rather than , for the first two hours of repair, and an hourly fee of , rather than , after the first
two hours.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair where the specialist
charges , rather than , for the first two hours of repair, and an hourly fee of , rather than , after the first
two hours.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 2b15d65f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2b15d65f

An economist modeled the demand Q for a certain product as a linear function

of the selling price P. The demand was 20,000 units when the selling price was
$40 per unit, and the demand was 15,000 units when the selling price was $60
per unit. Based on the model, what is the demand, in units, when the selling
price is $55 per unit?

A. 16,250

B. 16,500

C. 16,750

D. 17,500

ID: 2b15d65f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Let the economist’s model be the linear function , where Q is the demand, P is the
selling price, m is the slope of the line, and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line in the xy-plane, where
. Two pairs of the selling price P and the demand Q are given. Using the coordinate pairs , two points that
satisfy the function are and . The slope m of the function can be found using the formula

. Substituting the given values into this formula yields , or .

Therefore, . The value of b can be found by substituting one of the points into the function.
Substituting the values of P and Q from the point yields , or
. Adding 10,000 to both sides of this equation yields . Therefore, the linear function
the economist used as the model is . Substituting 55 for P yields
. It follows that when the selling price is $55 per unit, the demand is 16,250 units.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from calculation or conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 548a4929
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 548a4929

The function is defined by . The graph of in the xy-plane has an x-intercept at and a
y-intercept at , where and are constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 548a4929 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where . It's given that
function is defined by . Therefore, the equation representing the graph of is
. Substituting for in the equation yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation
yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the x-intercept of the graph of
in the xy-plane is . It's given that the x-intercept of the graph of is . Therefore,
. The y-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where . Substituting for in the
equation yields , or . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-
plane is . It's given that the y-intercept of the graph of is . Therefore, . If and
, then the value of is , or .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 3a3b95df
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3a3b95df

The equation shown gives the estimated amount of diesel , in gallons, that remains in the gas tank of a truck after
being driven miles, where . What is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that remains in the gas
tank of the truck when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3a3b95df Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the equation gives the estimated amount of diesel , in gallons, that
remains in the gas tank of the truck after being driven miles. Substituting for in the given equation yields
, which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, the estimated amount of diesel that remains
in the gas tank of the truck when is gallons.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck
when , not when .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck
when , not when .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck
when , not when .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID be9cb6a2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: be9cb6a2

The cost of renting a backhoe for up to days is for the first day and for each additional day. Which of the
following equations gives the cost , in dollars, of renting the backhoe for days, where is a positive integer and
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: be9cb6a2 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the cost of renting a backhoe for up to days is for the first day and for
each additional day. Therefore, the cost , in dollars, for days, where , is the sum of the cost for the first day,
, and the cost for the additional days, . It follows that , which is
equivalent to , or .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting a backhoe is for the first day
and for each additional day.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 84664a7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 84664a7c

The front of a roller-coaster car is at the bottom of a hill and is 15 feet above
the ground. If the front of the roller-coaster car rises at a constant rate of 8 feet
per second, which of the following equations gives the height h, in feet, of the
front of the roller-coaster car s seconds after it starts up the hill?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 84664a7c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the front of the roller-coaster car starts rising when it’s 15 feet above the ground. This
initial height of 15 feet can be represented by a constant term, 15, in an equation. Each second, the front of the roller-
coaster car rises 8 feet, which can be represented by 8s. Thus, the equation gives the height, in feet, of the
front of the roller-coaster car s seconds after it starts up the hill.

Choices B and C are incorrect and may result from conceptual errors in creating a linear equation. Choice D is incorrect
and may result from switching the rate at which the roller-coaster car rises with its initial height.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID e62cfe5f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e62cfe5f

According to a model, the head width, in millimeters, of a worker bumblebee

can be estimated by adding 0.6 to four times the body weight of the bee, in
grams. According to the model, what would be the head width, in millimeters, of
a worker bumblebee that has a body weight of 0.5 grams?

ID: e62cfe5f Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 2.6. According to the model, the head width, in millimeters, of a worker bumblebee can be
estimated by adding 0.6 to 4 times the body weight, in grams, of the bee. Let x represent the body weight, in grams, of a
worker bumblebee and let y represent the head width, in millimeters. Translating the verbal description of the model into
an equation yields . Substituting 0.5 grams for x in this equation yields , or .
Therefore, a worker bumblebee with a body weight of 0.5 grams has an estimated head width of 2.6 millimeters. Note
that 2.6 and 13/5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 06fc1726
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 06fc1726

If f is the function defined by ,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C. 3

D. 9

ID: 06fc1726 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. If , then .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from not multiplying x by 2 in the numerator. Choice B is incorrect and may result
from dividing 2x by 3 and then subtracting 1. Choice D is incorrect and may result from evaluating only the numerator 2x
– 1.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 6863c7ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6863c7ce

The given equation represents the distance , in inches, where represents the number of seconds since an object
started moving. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The object moved a total of inches.

B. The object moved a total of inches.

C. The object is moving at a rate of inches per second.

D. The object is moving at a rate of inches per second.

ID: 6863c7ce Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that in the equation , represents the distance, in inches, and represents the
number of seconds since an object started moving. In this equation, is being multiplied by . This means that the
object’s distance increases by inches each second. Therefore, the best interpretation of in this context is that the
object is moving at a rate of inches per second.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of , rather than , in this context.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0b332f00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0b332f00

The function is defined by . For what value of is ?

ID: 0b332f00 Answer

Correct Answer: 9

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that . Substituting for in the given function yields .
Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of when is .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a5834ea4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a5834ea4

For the given linear function , which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a5834ea4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For the given linear function , must equal for all values of . Of the given choices, only

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 Choice B is correct. For the given linear function , must equal for all values of . Of the given choices, only
choice B gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given linear function .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c10ad793
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c10ad793

The graph of the linear function is shown, where . What is the x-intercept of the graph of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c10ad793 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the x-axis. The graph of function
, where , intersects the x-axis at . Therefore, the x-intercept of the graph of is .

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 Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 7e3f8363
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 7e3f8363

In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear function contains the points and . Which equation defines ,
where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7e3f8363 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, an equation of the graph of a linear function can be written in the form
, where represents the slope and represents the y-intercept of the graph of . It’s
given that the graph of the linear function , where , in the xy-plane contains the point . Thus, . The
slope of the graph of a line containing any two points and can be found using the slope formula,
. Since it’s given that the graph of the linear function contains the points and , it follows that
the slope of the graph of the line containing these points is , or . Substituting for and for in
yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID d11910d6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: d11910d6

The graph of the linear function is shown. What is the y-intercept of the graph of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d11910d6 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of
shown intersects the y-axis at the point . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the x-intercept, not the y-intercept, of the graph of .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0eae6be1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0eae6be1

The number is less than the number . Which equation represents the relationship between and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0eae6be1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the number is less than the number . A number that's less than the number
is equivalent to subtracted from the number , or . Therefore, the equation represents the
relationship between and .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 361f97c7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 361f97c7

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 361f97c7 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function is defined by . Substituting for in the given
function yields , which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, the value of
is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of for the function , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of for the function , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 447fa970
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 447fa970

The function is defined by the equation . What is the value of when ?

ID: 447fa970 Answer

Correct Answer: 30

Rationale

The correct answer is . The value of when can be found by substituting for in the given equation
. This yields , or . Therefore, when , the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 27198699
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 27198699

As part of a science project on evaporation, Amaya measured the height of a liquid in a container over a period of time.
The function gives the estimated height, in centimeters (cm), of the liquid in the container days
after the start of the project. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The estimated height, in cm, of the liquid at the start of the project

B. The estimated height, in cm, of the liquid at the end of the project

C. The estimated change in the height, in cm, of the liquid each day

D. The estimated number of days for all of the liquid to evaporate

ID: 27198699 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function gives the estimated height, in centimeters (cm), of
the liquid in the container days after the start of the project. For a linear function in the form , where
and are constants, represents the value of and represents the rate of change of the function. It follows that in
the given function, represents the value of . Therefore, the best interpretation of in this context is the
estimated height, in cm, of the liquid at the start of the project.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. The estimated change in the height, in cm, of the liquid each day is , not .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID c1bd5301
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c1bd5301

A model predicts that a certain animal weighed pounds when it was born and that the animal gained pounds per
day in its first year of life. This model is defined by an equation in the form , where is the predicted
weight, in pounds, of the animal days after it was born, and and are constants. What is the value of ?

ID: c1bd5301 Answer

Correct Answer: 241

Rationale

The correct answer is . For a certain animal, it's given that a model predicts the animal weighed pounds when it
was born and gained pounds per day in its first year of life. It's also given that this model is defined by an equation in
the form , where is the predicted weight, in pounds, of the animal days after it was born, and
and are constants. It follows that represents the predicted weight, in pounds, of the animal when it was born and
represents the predicted rate of weight gain, in pounds per day, in its first year of life. Thus, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID a130fcdc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a130fcdc

For the given linear function , which table shows three values of and their corresponding values of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a130fcdc Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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 Rationale

Choice C is correct. Each of the tables shows the same three values of : , , and . Substituting for in the
given function yields , or . Therefore, when , the corresponding value of
is . Substituting for in the given function yields , or . Therefore, when ,
the corresponding value of is . Substituting for in the given function yields , or .
Therefore, when , the corresponding value of is . The table in choice C shows , , and as the
corresponding value of for x-values of , , and , respectively. Therefore, the table in choice C shows three
values of and their corresponding values of .

Choice A is incorrect. This table shows three values of and their corresponding values of for the linear function
.

Choice B is incorrect. This table shows three values of and their corresponding values of for the linear function
.

Choice D is incorrect. This table shows three values of and their corresponding values of for the linear function
.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID bf36c815
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bf36c815

The function g is defined by .

What is the value of ?

A.

B. 0

C. 4

D. 8

ID: bf36c815 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value of is found by substituting 0 for x in the function g. This yields , which
can be rewritten as .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the equation as instead of .
Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of x, not . Choice C is incorrect and may result from calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0d391910
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0d391910

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

ID: 0d391910 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is . Substituting for in the given equation yields . Dividing the left- and right-hand
sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is when .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 930c2990
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 930c2990

Hydrogen is placed inside a container and kept at a constant pressure. The graph shows the estimated volume , in
liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is kelvins.

What is the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is kelvins?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 930c2990 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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 Choice C is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents temperature, in kelvins, and the y-axis represents volume,
in liters. Therefore, the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is kelvins is represented by
the y-coordinate of the point on the graph that has an x-coordinate of . The point on the graph with an x-coordinate
of has a y-coordinate of . Therefore, the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is
kelvins is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 3f5375d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3f5375d9
The line graphed in the xy-plane below models the total cost, in dollars, for a cab ride, y, in a certain city during
nonpeak hours based on the number of miles traveled, x.

According to the graph, what is the cost for each additional mile traveled, in
dollars, of a cab ride?

A. $2.00

B. $2.60

C. $3.00

D. $5.00

ID: 3f5375d9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The cost of each additional mile traveled is represented by the slope of the given line. The slope of
the line can be calculated by identifying two points on the line and then calculating the ratio of the change in y to the

change in x between the two points. Using the points and , the slope is equal to , or 2. Therefore, the
cost for each additional mile traveled of the cab ride is $2.00.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line that passes through the points and
. However, does not lie on the line shown. Choice C is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of
the graph and represents the flat fee for a cab ride before the charge for any miles traveled is added. Choice D is
incorrect. This value represents the total cost of a 1-mile cab ride.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 620fe971
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 620fe971
A team of workers has been moving cargo off of a ship. The equation below models the approximate number of tons
of cargo, y, that remains to be moved x hours after the team started working.

The graph of this equation in the xy-plane is a line. What is the best
interpretation of the x-intercept in this context?

A. The team will have moved all the cargo in about 4.8 hours.

B. The team has been moving about 4.8 tons of cargo per hour.

C. The team has been moving about 25 tons of cargo per hour.

D. The team started with 120 tons of cargo to move.

ID: 620fe971 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of the line with equation y = 120 – 25x can be found by substituting 0 for y and
finding the value of x. When y = 0, x = 4.8, so the x-intercept is at (4.8, 0). Since y represents the number of tons of cargo
remaining to be moved x hours after the team started working, it follows that the x-intercept refers to the team having
no cargo remaining to be moved after 4.8 hours. In other words, the team will have moved all of the cargo after about
4.8 hours.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly interpreting the value 4.8. Choices C and D are incorrect and may
result from misunderstanding the x-intercept. These statements are accurate but not directly relevant to the x-intercept.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 1d18794b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1d18794b

A contract for a certain service requires a onetime activation cost of and a monthly cost of . Which equation
represents this situation, where is the total cost, in dollars, of this service contract for months?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1d18794b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that this service contract requires a monthly cost of . A monthly cost of for
months results in a cost of . It's also given that this service contract requires a onetime activation cost of .
Adding the onetime activation cost to the monthly cost of the service contract for months yields the total cost , in
dollars, of this service contract for months. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the equation
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 1c29bfd1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1c29bfd1

The pressure exerted on a scuba diver at sea level is . For each foot the scuba
diver descends below sea level, the pressure exerted on the scuba diver increases by . What is the total
pressure, in , exerted on the scuba diver at feet below sea level?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1c29bfd1 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the pressure exerted on a scuba diver at sea level is
. It's also given that for each foot the scuba diver descends below sea level, the
pressure exerted on the scuba diver increases by . The total pressure, in , exerted on the scuba diver at
feet below sea level can be represented by the expression . Substituting for in this expression
yields , or . Therefore, the total pressure exerted on the scuba diver at feet below sea
level is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the pressure, in , exerted on the scuba diver at sea level, not at feet below sea level.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the rate by which the pressure, in , exerted on the scuba diver increases for each foot
the scuba diver descends below sea level.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b3abf40f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b3abf40f

The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b3abf40f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function gives the temperature, in degrees
Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. A temperature that increased by kelvins means that the
value of increased by kelvins. It follows that an increase in by increases by , or .
Therefore, if a temperature increased by kelvins, the temperature increased by degrees Fahrenheit.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID e470e19d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e470e19d

The function is defined by . What is the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e470e19d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The given function is a linear function. Therefore, the graph of in the xy-plane has one
x-intercept at the point , where is a constant. Substituting for and for in the given function yields
. Adding to both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields
. Therefore, the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID f7e39fe9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f7e39fe9

The table shows four values of and their corresponding values of . There is a linear relationship between and
that is defined by the equation , where is a constant. What is the value of ?

ID: f7e39fe9 Answer

Correct Answer: 11

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that is defined by the equation , where is a constant. It's
also given in the table that when , . Substituting for and for in the equation
yields, . Adding to both sides of this equation yields . Dividing
both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 415ab1d2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 415ab1d2

The graph of the linear function is shown. If and are positive constants, which equation could
define ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 415ab1d2 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

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 Choice A is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function is shown. This means that the
graph of can be translated down units to create the graph of and the y-coordinate of
every point on the graph of can be decreased by to find the resulting point on the graph of
. The y-intercept of the graph of is . Translating the graph of down units
results in a y-intercept of the graph of at the point , or . The graph of
slants down from left to right, so the slope of the graph is negative. The translation of a linear graph changes its
position, but does not change its slope. It follows that the slope of the graph of is also negative. The equation
of a linear function can be written in the form , where is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept and is
the slope of the graph of . It's given that and are positive constants. Since the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept and the slope of the graph of are both negative, it follows that could define .

Choice B is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept.

Choice C is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, slope.

Choice D is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept and a
positive, not negative, slope.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 5cf1bbc9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 5cf1bbc9

The graph of the function , where , gives the total cost , in dollars, for a certain video game system and
games. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph in this context?

A. Each game costs .

B. The video game system costs .

C. The video game system costs .

D. Each game costs .

ID: 5cf1bbc9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given graph is a line, and the slope of a line is defined as the change in the value of for each

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 increase in the value of by . It’s given that represents the total cost, in dollars, and that represents the number of
games. Therefore, the change in the value of for each increase in the value of by represents the change in total
cost, in dollars, for each increase in the number of games by . In other words, the slope represents the cost, in dollars,
per game. The graph shows that when the value of increases from to , the value of increases from to . It
follows that the slope is , or the cost per game is . Thus, the best interpretation of the slope of the graph is that
each game costs .

Choice B is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph rather than the slope of the graph.

Choice C is incorrect. The slope of the graph is the cost per game, not the cost of the video game system.

Choice D is incorrect. Each game costs , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b51c173d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b51c173d

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and has a y-intercept at . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b51c173d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining the linear function can be written in the form , where is
the slope and is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of has
a slope of . Therefore, . It’s also given that the graph of has a y-intercept at . Therefore,
. Substituting for and for in the equation yields . Thus, the equation
that defines is .

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of , not .

Choice B is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of , not .

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 4702da8f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 4702da8f

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4702da8f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that function is defined by . The value of can be found by
substituting for in the given function, which yields , or , which is equivalent to
. Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID b988eeec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b988eeec

The functions and are defined as and . If the function is defined as

, what is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: b988eeec Answer

Correct Answer: -12

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the functions and are defined as and .
If the function is defined as , then substituting for and for in this
function yields . This can be rewritten as , or . The x-
intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where . The equation representing the graph of
is . Substituting for in this equation yields . Subtracting from both sides of
this equation yields , or . Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of in
the xy-plane is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 13294295
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 13294295

The graph shown models the number of candy bars a certain machine wraps with a label in seconds.

According to the graph, what is the estimated number of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per second?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 13294295 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents time, in seconds, and the y-axis represents the number
of candy bars wrapped. The slope of a line in the xy-plane is the change in for each -unit increase in . It follows that
the slope of the graph shown represents the estimated number of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per
second. The slope, , of a line in the xy-plane can be found using any two points, and , on the line and

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 the slope formula . The graph shown passes through the points and . Substituting these
points for and , respectively, in the slope formula yields , which is equivalent to , or
. Therefore, the estimated number of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per second is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 33e4af6b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 33e4af6b

The graph of the function is shown, where . What is the y-intercept of the graph?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 33e4af6b Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of function
shown intersects the y-axis at the point . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 3e9eaffc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3e9eaffc

Caleb used juice to make popsicles. The function approximates the volume, in fluid ounces, of juice
Caleb had remaining after making popsicles. Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph
of in the xy-plane in this context?

A. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.

B. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.

C. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.

D. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.

ID: 3e9eaffc Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation that defines a linear function can be written in the form , where
represents the slope and represents the y-intercept, , of the line of in the xy-plane. The function
is linear. Therefore, the graph of the given function in the xy-plane has a y-intercept of
. It’s given that gives the approximate volume, in fluid ounces, of juice Caleb had remaining after making
popsicles. It follows that the y-intercept of means that Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice
remaining after making popsicles. In other words, Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to
make the popsicles.

Choice A is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the slope, rather than the y-intercept, of the graph of in the
xy-plane.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID af2ba762
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: af2ba762
According to data provided by the US Department of Energy, the average price per gallon of regular gasoline in the
United States from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is modeled by the function F defined below, where
is the average price per gallon x months after September 1.

The constant 2.74 in this function estimates which of the following?

A. The average monthly decrease in the price per gallon

B. The difference in the average price per gallon from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014

C. The average price per gallon on September 1, 2014

D. The average price per gallon on December 1, 2014

ID: af2ba762 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since 2.74 is a constant term, it represents an actual price of gas rather than a measure of change
in gas price. To determine what gas price it represents, find x such that F(x) = 2.74, or 2.74 = 2.74 – 0.19(x – 3).
Subtracting 2.74 from both sides gives 0 = –0.19(x – 3). Dividing both sides by –0.19 results in 0 = x – 3, or x = 3.
Therefore, the average price of gas is $2.74 per gallon 3 months after September 1, 2014, which is December 1, 2014.

Choice A is incorrect. Since 2.74 is a constant, not a multiple of x, it cannot represent a rate of change in price. Choice B
is incorrect. The difference in the average price from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is F(3) – F(0) = 2.74 –
0.19(3 – 3) – (2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3)) = 2.74 – (2.74 + 0.57) = –0.57, which is not 2.74. Choice C is incorrect. The average
price per gallon on September 1, 2014, is F(0) = 2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3) = 2.74 + 0.57 = 3.31, which is not 2.74.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID a775af14
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a775af14

In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear function contains the points and . Which equation defines ,
where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a775af14 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of a linear function can be written in the form , where
represents the slope and represents the y-intercept of the graph of . It’s given that the graph of the
linear function , where , in the xy-plane contains the point . Thus, . The slope of the graph of a
line containing any two points and can be found using the slope formula, . Since it’s given
that the graph of the linear function contains the points and , it follows that the slope of the graph of the
line containing these points is , or . Substituting for and for in yields
.

Choice A is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of and a y-intercept of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 9551cd91
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 9551cd91

Number of cars Maximum number of passengers and crew

The table shows the linear relationship between the number of cars, , on a commuter train and the maximum number
of passengers and crew, , that the train can carry. Which equation represents the linear relationship between and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9551cd91 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between the number of cars, , on a commuter train and
the maximum number of passengers and crew, , that the train can carry. It follows that this relationship can be
represented by an equation of the form , where is the rate of change of in this relationship and is a
constant. The rate of change of in this relationship can be calculated by dividing the difference in any two values of
by the difference in the corresponding values of . Using two pairs of values given in the table, the rate of change of in
this relationship is , or . Substituting for in the equation yields . The value of
can be found by substituting any value of and its corresponding value of for and , respectively, in this equation.
Substituting for and for yields , or . Subtracting from both sides of
this equation yields . Substituting for in the equation yields . Subtracting from
both sides of this equation yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields ,
or .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID ebd457f4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: ebd457f4

Brian saves of the he earns each week from his job. If Brian continues to save at this rate, how much money, in
dollars, will Brian save in weeks?

ID: ebd457f4 Answer

Correct Answer: 774

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that Brian saves of the he earns each week from his job. Therefore, Brian
saves , or , per week. If Brian continues to save at this rate of per week for weeks, then he will
save a total of , or , dollars.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 6c5c2a81
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6c5c2a81

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the points and . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6c5c2a81 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function , where , passes through the points
and in the xy-plane. An equation defining can be written in the form , where ,
represents the slope of the graph in the xy-plane, and represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. The
slope can be found using any two points, and , and the formula . Substituting
and for and , respectively, in the slope formula yields , which is equivalent to
, or . Substituting for and for in the equation yields ,
or . Subtracting from each side of this equation yields . Substituting for and for in the
equation yields . Since , it follows that the equation that defines is
.

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane would pass through , not ,
and , not .

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane would pass through , not ,
and , not .

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane would pass through , not ,
and , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b8cbe394
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b8cbe394

Sean rents a tent at a cost of per day plus a onetime insurance fee of . Which equation represents the total cost
, in dollars, to rent the tent with insurance for days?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b8cbe394 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the cost of renting a tent is per day for days. Multiplying the rental cost by the
number of days yields , which represents the cost of renting the tent for days before the insurance is added.
Adding the onetime insurance fee of to the rental cost of gives the total cost , in dollars, which can be
represented by the equation .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the insurance fee was charged every day.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the daily fee was for days.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the daily fee was and the onetime
fee was .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID dae126d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: dae126d7

The boiling point of water at sea level is 212 degrees Fahrenheit . For every
550 feet above sea level, the boiling point of water is lowered by about .
Which of the following equations can be used to find the boiling point B of
water, in , x feet above sea level?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dae126d7 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the boiling point of water at sea level is 212°F and that for every 550 feet above sea
level, the boiling point of water is lowered by about 1°F. Therefore, the change in the boiling point of water x feet above

sea level is represented by the expression . Adding this expression to the boiling point of water at sea level

gives the equation for the boiling point B of water, in °F, x feet above sea level: , or .

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from using the boiling point of water at sea level as the rate of change and
the rate of change as the initial boiling point of water at sea level. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
representing the change in the boiling point of water as an increase rather than a decrease.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 12983c1e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 12983c1e

Some values of the linear function f are shown in the table above.
Which of the following defines f ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 12983c1e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Because f is a linear function of x, the equation , where m and b are constants, can
be used to define the relationship between x and f (x). In this equation, m represents the increase in the value of f (x) for
every increase in the value of x by 1. From the table, it can be determined that the value of f (x) increases by 8 for every

increase in the value of x by 2. In other words, for the function f the value of m is , or 4. The value of b can be found
by substituting the values of x and f (x) from any row of the table and the value of m into the equation
and solving for b. For example, using , , and yields . Solving for b yields .
Therefore, the equation defining the function f can be written in the form .

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Any equation defining the linear function f must give values of f (x) for corresponding
values of x, as shown in each row of the table. According to the table, if , . However, substituting
into the equation given in choice A gives , or , not 13. Similarly, substituting into the
equation given in choice B gives , or , not 13.

Lastly, substituting into the equation given in choice D gives , or , not 13. Therefore, the
equations in choices A, B, and D cannot define f.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 6efcc0a3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6efcc0a3

In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6efcc0a3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form , where and are
constants. It’s given that . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
, or . Substituting for in the equation yields . It’s also
given that . Substituting for and for in the equation yields ,
or . Subtracting from the left- and right-hand sides of this equation yields . Substituting for
in the equation yields , or .

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting for and for in this equation yields , which isn't a true statement.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting for and for in this equation yields , or , which isn't
a true statement.

Choice D is incorrect. Substituting for in this equation yields , which isn't a true statement.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID fe287f7e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: fe287f7e

To repair a refrigerator, a technician charges per hour for labor plus for parts. Which function f represents the
total amount, in dollars, the technician will charge for this job if it takes hours?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fe287f7e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the technician charges per hour for labor. Therefore, if the job takes hours, the
technician will charge , or , for labor. It’s also given that the technician charges for parts.
Therefore, represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician will charge for this job if it takes
hours.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician charges for labor only, not the
total amount charged for labor and parts.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician would charge if the charge for
parts were subtracted from, rather than added to, the charge for labor.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID e86a06fe
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e86a06fe

Kaylani used fabric measuring yards in length to make each suit for a men's choir. The relationship between the
number of suits that Kaylani made, , and the total length of fabric that she purchased , in yards, is represented by the
equation . What is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. Kaylani made suits.

B. Kaylani purchased a total of yards of fabric.

C. Kaylani used a total of yards of fabric to make the suits.

D. Kaylani purchased yards more fabric than she used to make the suits.

ID: e86a06fe Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the equation represents the relationship between the number of suits
that Kaylani made, , and the total length of fabric she purchased, , in yards. Adding to both sides of the given
equation yields . Since Kaylani made suits and used yards of fabric to make each suit, the expression
represents the total amount of fabric she used to make the suits. Since represents the total length of fabric
Kaylani purchased, in yards, it follows from the equation that Kaylani purchased yards of fabric to make
the suits, plus an additional yards of fabric. Therefore, the best interpretation of in this context is that Kaylani
purchased yards more fabric than she used to make the suits.

Choice A is incorrect. Kaylani made a total of suits, not suits.

Choice B is incorrect. Kaylani purchased a total of yards of fabric, not a total of yards of fabric.

Choice C is incorrect. Kaylani used a total of yards of fabric to make the suits, not a total of yards of fabric.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 113b938e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 113b938e

The equation above represents the speed y, in feet per second, of Sheila’s
bicycle x seconds after she applied the brakes at the end of a ride. If the
equation is graphed in the xy-plane, which of the following is the best
interpretation of the x-coordinate of the line’s x-intercept in the context of the
problem?

A. The speed of Sheila’s bicycle, in feet per second, before Sheila applied the brakes

B. The number of feet per second the speed of Sheila’s bicycle decreased each second after Sheila applied the brakes

The number of seconds it took from the time Sheila began applying the brakes until the bicycle came to a complete
C. stop

The number of feet Sheila’s bicycle traveled from the time she began applying the brakes until the bicycle came to a
D. complete stop

ID: 113b938e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that for each point on the graph of the given equation, the x-coordinate represents
the number of seconds after Sheila applied the brakes, and the y-coordinate represents the speed of Sheila’s bicycle at
that moment in time. For the graph of the equation, the y-coordinate of the x-intercept is 0. Therefore, the x-coordinate
of the x-intercept of the graph of the given equation represents the number of seconds it took from the time Sheila
began applying the brakes until the bicycle came to a complete stop.

Choice A is incorrect. The speed of Sheila’s bicycle before she applied the brakes is represented by the y-coordinate of
the y-intercept of the graph of the given equation, not the x-coordinate of the x-intercept. Choice B is incorrect. The
number of feet per second the speed of Sheila’s bicycle decreased each second after Sheila applied the brakes is
represented by the slope of the graph of the given equation, not the x-coordinate of the x-intercept. Choice D is incorrect
and may result from misinterpreting x as the distance, in feet, traveled after applying the brakes, rather than the time, in
seconds, after applying the brakes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 1bc11c4e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1bc11c4e

The given function models the number of gallons of gasoline that remains from a full gas tank in a car after driving
miles. According to the model, about how many gallons of gasoline are used to drive each mile?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1bc11c4e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function models the number of gallons that remain from a full gas tank in a car
after driving miles. In the given function , the coefficient of is . This means that
for every increase in the value of by , the value of decreases by . It follows that for each mile driven, there
is a decrease of gallons of gasoline. Therefore, gallons of gasoline are used to drive each mile.

Choice B is incorrect and represents the number of gallons of gasoline in a full gas tank.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID aad7e1b9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: aad7e1b9

The function is defined by . What is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: aad7e1b9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The y-intercept of the graph of a function in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where . It′s
given that . Substituting for in this equation yields , or . Since it′s
given that , it follows that when . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-
plane is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 78391fcc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 78391fcc

f(x) 21 18 15 12

The table above shows some values of x and their corresponding values
for the linear function f. What is the x-intercept of the graph of in the
xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 78391fcc Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

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 Choice B is correct. The equation of a linear function can be written in the form , where , m is the
slope of the graph of , and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. The value of m can be found

using the slope formula, . According to the table, the points and lie on the graph of

. Using these two points in the slope formula yields , or . Substituting for m in the
slope-intercept form of the equation yields . The value of b can be found by substituting values from the

table and solving; for example, substituting the coordinates of the point into the equation gives
, which yields . This means the function given by the table can be represented by the
equation . The value of the x-intercept of the graph of can be determined by finding the value of
x when . Substituting into yields , or . This corresponds to the point

Choice A is incorrect and may result from substituting the value of the slope for the x-coordinate of the x-intercept.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from a calculation error. Choice D is incorrect and may result from substituting the
y-coordinate of the y-intercept for the x-coordinate of the x-intercept.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID cee5b352
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: cee5b352

The length, , of a white whale was when it was born and increased an average of per
month for the first months after it was born. Which equation best represents this situation, where is the number of
months after the whale was born and is the length, in , of the whale?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: cee5b352 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the length of the whale was when it was born and that its length increased an
average of per month for the first months after it was born. Since represents the number of months after
the whale was born, the total increase in the whale's length, in , is times , or . The length of the whale , in
, can be found by adding the whale's length at birth, , to the total increase in length, . Therefore, the
equation that best represents this situation is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d0cb49e8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: d0cb49e8

Argon is placed inside a container with a constant volume. The graph shows the estimated pressure , in
, of the argon when its temperature is kelvins.

What is the estimated pressure of the argon, in , when the temperature is kelvins?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d0cb49e8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

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 Choice B is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents temperature, in kelvins, and the y-axis represents the
estimated pressure, in . The estimated pressure of the argon when the temperature is
kelvins can be found by locating the point on the graph where the value of is equal to . The graph passes
through the point . This means that when the temperature is kelvins, the estimated pressure is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the estimated pressure, in , of the argon when the temperature is kelvins, not
kelvins.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the temperature, in kelvins, of the argon.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID de6fe450
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: de6fe450

On January 1, 2015, a city’s minimum hourly wage was $9.25. It will increase by
$0.50 on the first day of the year for the next 5 years. Which of the following
functions best models the minimum hourly wage, in dollars, x years after
January 1, 2015, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: de6fe450 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the city’s minimum hourly wage will increase by $0.50 on the first day of the year for
the 5 years after January 1, 2015. Therefore, the total increase, in dollars, in the minimum hourly wage x years after
January 1, 2015, is represented by . Since the minimum hourly wage on January 1, 2015, was $9.25, it follows
that the minimum hourly wage, in dollars, x years after January 1, 2015, is represented by . Therefore, the
function best models this situation.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. In choice A, the function models a situation where the minimum hourly wage is $9.25
on January 1, 2015, but decreases by $0.50 on the first day of the year for the next 5 years. The functions in choices B
and D both model a situation where the minimum hourly wage is increasing by $9.25 on the first day of the year for the
5 years after January 1, 2015.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 13909d78
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 13909d78

The function is defined by the equation . What is the value of when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 13909d78 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Substituting for in the given equation yields , or . Therefore,

the value of when is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of when .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of when .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of when .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 042aa429
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 042aa429

If and , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 042aa429 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The value of can be found by substituting for in the given equation , which
yields , or . The value of can be found by substituting for in the given equation
, which yields , or . The value of the expression can be found by
substituting the corresponding values into the expression, which gives . This expression is equivalent to
, or .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating as , rather than

.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 0cadb20e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0cadb20e

The function is defined by , and , where is a constant. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0cadb20e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that and , where is a constant. Therefore, for the given
function , when , . Substituting for and for in the given function yields .
Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields
. Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of if . Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of if .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of if .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 2ecce641
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2ecce641

A bank account was opened with an initial deposit. Over the next several months, regular deposits were made into this
account, and there were no withdrawals made during this time. The graph of the function shown, where ,
estimates the account balance, in dollars, in this bank account months since the initial deposit. To the nearest whole
dollar, what is the amount of the initial deposit estimated by the graph?

ID: 2ecce641 Answer

Correct Answer: 20

Rationale

The correct answer is . For the graph shown, the x-axis represents the time since the initial deposit, in months, and
the y-axis represents the bank account balance, in dollars. The amount of the initial deposit is estimated by the y-
coordinate of the point on the graph that represents months since the initial deposit. Therefore, the amount of the
initial deposit is estimated by the corresponding y-value for the point when . When , it is estimated that
. Thus, the amount of the initial deposit estimated by the graph, to the nearest whole dollar, is .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 946ab892
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 946ab892

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point .
Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 946ab892 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form , where is the
slope and is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of has a
slope of . Therefore, . It’s also given that the graph of passes through the point . It follows
that when , . Substituting for , for , and for in the equation yields
, or . Subtracting from each side of this equation yields . Therefore, .
Substituting for and for in the equation yields . Therefore, the equation that
defines is .

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Choice B is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 7e1bff94
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 7e1bff94

The table gives the number of hours, , of labor and a plumber’s total charge , in dollars, for two different jobs.

There is a linear relationship between and . Which equation represents this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7e1bff94 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between a plumber's hours of labor, , and the plumber's
total charge , in dollars. It follows that the relationship can be represented by an equation of the form
, where is the rate of change of the function and is a constant. The rate of change of can be
calculated by dividing the difference in two values of by the difference in the corresponding values of . Based on
the values given in the table, the rate of change of is , or . Substituting for in the equation
yields . The value of can be found by substituting any value of and its
corresponding value of for and , respectively, in this equation. Substituting for and for yields
, or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Substituting for
in the equation yields .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 868fc236
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 868fc236

The table above gives the typical amounts of energy per gram, expressed in
both food calories and kilojoules, of the three macronutrients in food. If x food
calories is equivalent to k kilojoules, of the following, which best represents the
relationship between x and k ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 868fc236 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The relationship between x food calories and k kilojoules can be modeled as a proportional
relationship. Let and represent the values in the first two rows in the table: and .

The rate of change, or , is ; therefore, the equation that best represents the relationship between x
and k is .

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of calculating the rate of change using . Choice C is incorrect
because the number of kilojoules is greater than the number of food calories. Choice D is incorrect and may be the
result of an error when setting up the equation.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 4b0c156b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 4b0c156b

In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4b0c156b Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining can be written in the form , where , represents the
slope of the graph of in the xy-plane, and represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. It’s
given that and . It follows that the points and are on the graph of
in the xy-plane. The slope can be found by using any two points, and , and the formula .
Substituting and for and , respectively, in the slope formula yields , or
. Substituting for and for in the equation yields ,
or . Adding to both sides of this equation yields . Substituting for and for in the
equation yields . Since , it follows that the equation that defines is
.

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, , not .

Choice B is incorrect. For this function, , not , and , not .

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, , not , and , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c01f4a95
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c01f4a95

For the linear function , is a constant and . What is the value of ?

ID: c01f4a95 Answer

Correct Answer: 39

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that for the linear function , is a constant and . Substituting for
and for in the given equation yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation
yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Substituting for in the
given equation, , yields . Substituting for in this equation yields
, or . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID a1696f3e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a1696f3e

The function is defined as , where a is a constant. If

, what is the value of a ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a1696f3e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Substituting 4 for x in g(x) = 5x + a gives g(4) = 5(4) + a. Since g(4) = 31, the equation g(4) = 5(4) + a
simplifies to 31 = 20 + a. It follows that a = 11.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from arithmetic errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 255996a6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 255996a6

In the equation above, T represents Brittany’s total take-home pay, in dollars, for
her first week of work, where h represents the number of hours she worked that
week and 1,000 represents a sign-on bonus. If Brittany’s total take-home pay
was $1,576, for how many hours was Brittany paid for her first week of work?

A. 16

B. 32

C. 55

D. 88

ID: 255996a6 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since Brittany’s total take-home pay was $1,576, the value 1,576 can be substituted for T in the
given equation to give . Subtracting 1,000 from both sides of this equation
gives . Dividing both sides of this equation by 18 gives . Therefore, Brittany was paid for 32 hours for
her first week of work.

Choice A is incorrect. This is half the number of hours Brittany was paid for. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
dividing 1,000 by 18. Choice D is incorrect and may result from dividing 1,576 by 18.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID c4d49134
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c4d49134

The equation gives the speed , in miles per hour, of a certain car seconds after it began to accelerate. What is the
speed, in miles per hour, of the car seconds after it began to accelerate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c4d49134 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. In the given equation, is the speed, in miles per hour, of a certain car seconds after it began to
accelerate. Therefore, the speed of the car, in miles per hour, seconds after it began to accelerate can be found by
substituting for in the given equation, which yields , or . Thus, the speed of the car seconds
after it began to accelerate is miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID bc638f2d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bc638f2d

The function defined by gives the estimated length, in inches, of a vine plant months after Tavon
purchased it. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. Tavon will keep the vine plant for months.

B. The vine plant is expected to grow inches each month.

C. The vine plant is expected to grow to a maximum length of inches.

D. The estimated length of the vine plant was inches when Tavon purchased it.

ID: bc638f2d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the function defined by gives the estimated length, in inches, of a
vine plant months after Tavon purchased it. For a function defined by an equation of the form , where
and are constants, represents the value of , or the value of when the value of is . Therefore, for the
function defined by , represents the value of when the value of is . This means that months
after the vine plant was purchased, the estimated length of the vine plant was inches. Therefore, the best
interpretation of in this context is the estimated length of the vine plant was inches when Tavon purchased it.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. The vine plant is expected to grow inches, not inches, each month.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 6989c80a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6989c80a

The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6989c80a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function gives the temperature, in degrees
Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. A temperature that increased by kelvins means that the
value of increased by kelvins. It follows that an increase in by increases by , or .
Therefore, if a temperature increased by kelvins, the temperature increased by degrees Fahrenheit.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 56dc8045
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 56dc8045

The function models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container seconds after it begins draining from a hole at
the bottom. According to the model, what is the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from the container each
second?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 56dc8045 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the function models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container seconds after
it begins draining from a hole at the bottom. The given function can be rewritten as
. Thus, for each increase of by , the value of decreases by , or . Therefore, the
predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from the container each second is milliliters.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the amount of liquid, in milliliters, in the container before the liquid begins draining.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c8fb6bcb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c8fb6bcb

The given function represents the perimeter, in , of a rectangle with a length of and a fixed
width. What is the width, in , of the rectangle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c8fb6bcb Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that represents the perimeter, in , of a rectangle

with a length of and a fixed width. If represents a fixed width, in , then the perimeter, in , of a rectangle
with a length of and a fixed width of can be given by the function . Therefore,
. Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this
equation by yields . Therefore, the width, in , of the rectangle is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 23dedddd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 23dedddd

In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 23dedddd Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since is a linear function, it can be defined by an equation of the form , where
and are constants. It's given that . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
, or . Substituting for in the equation yields . It's given that
. Substituting for and for in the equation yields , or
. Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Substituting for in the equation yields
. Therefore, an equation that defines is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 3122fc7b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3122fc7b

A linear model estimates the population of a city from to . The model estimates the population was
thousand in , thousand in , and thousand in . To the nearest whole number, what is the value of
?

ID: 3122fc7b Answer

Correct Answer: 257

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that a linear model estimates the population of a city from to . Since the
population can be estimated using a linear model, it follows that there is a constant rate of change for the model. It’s
also given that the model estimates the population was thousand in , thousand in , and thousand in
. The change in the population between and is , or , thousand. The change in the number
of years between and is , or , years. Dividing by gives , or , thousand
per year. Thus, the change in population per year from to estimated by the model is thousand. The
change in the number of years between and is , or , years. Multiplying the change in
population per year by the change in number of years yields the increase in population from to estimated by
the model: , or , thousand. Adding the change in population from to estimated by the model
to the estimated population in yields the estimated population in . Thus, the estimated population in is
, or , thousand. Therefore to the nearest whole number, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID fe6f9678
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: fe6f9678

For the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fe6f9678 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation defining the linear function can be written in the form , where is
the slope and is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane. The slope of the graph of can
be found using the formula , where and are any two points that the graph passes
through. If , it follows that the graph of passes through the point . If , it follows
that the graph of passes through the point . Substituting and for and
, respectively, in the formula yields , which is equivalent to , or . Since
the graph of passes through , it follows that . Substituting for and for in the equation
yields , or . Thus, the equation that defines is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 3462d850
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3462d850
Marisol drove 3 hours from City A to City B. The equation below estimates the distance d, in miles, Marisol traveled
after driving for t hours.

Which of the following does 45 represent in the equation?

A. Marisol took 45 trips from City A to City B.

B. The distance between City A and City B is 45 miles.

C. Marisol drove at an average speed of about 45 miles per hour.

D. It took Marisol 45 hours to drive from City A to City B.

ID: 3462d850 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that d is the distance, in miles, Marisol traveled after driving for t hours. Therefore, 45
represents the distance in miles traveled per hour, which is the speed she drove in miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from misidentifying speed as the number of trips. Choice B is incorrect and may
result from misidentifying speed as the total distance. Choice D is incorrect and may result from misidentifying the
speed as the time, in hours.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 2f34cd1c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2f34cd1c

The function gives the estimated surface water temperature , in degrees Celsius, of a
body of water on the day of the year, where . Based on the model, what is the estimated surface
water temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the day of the year?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2f34cd1c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function gives the estimated surface water temperature,
in degrees Celsius, of a body of water on the day of the year. Substituting for in the given function yields
, which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, the
estimated surface water temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the day of the year is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the rate of change, in degrees Celsius per day, of the estimated surface water temperature.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the change, in degrees Celsius, in the estimated surface water temperature over days.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID bf883fde
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bf883fde

For the function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bf883fde Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form , where and
are constants, is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane, and is the y-intercept of the graph. It's
given that for the function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of . Therefore, . It's also given
that this graph passes through the point . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph is , and it follows that
. Substituting for and for in the equation yields . Thus, the equation
that defines is .

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the point , not
.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a309803e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a309803e

One gallon of paint will cover square feet of a surface. A room has a total wall area of square feet. Which
equation represents the total amount of paint , in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room twice?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a309803e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that represents the total wall area, in square feet. Since the walls of the room will be
painted twice, the amount of paint, in gallons, needs to cover square feet. It’s also given that one gallon of paint will
cover square feet. Dividing the total area, in square feet, of the surface to be painted by the number of square feet
covered by one gallon of paint gives the number of gallons of paint that will be needed. Dividing by yields ,
or . Therefore, the equation that represents the total amount of paint , in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the
room twice is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from finding the amount of paint needed to paint the walls once rather than twice.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 979b0b8d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 979b0b8d

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point .
Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 979b0b8d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form , where is the
slope and is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of has a
slope of , so . It’s also given that the graph of passes through the point , so .
Substituting for and for in yields , or . Thus, the equation that
defines is .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of , not .

Choice B is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of , not , and passes through the
point , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 4fe4fd7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 4fe4fd7c

A company’s total cost , in dollars, to produce x shirts is given by the

function above, where m is a constant and . The total cost to produce 100
shirts is $800. What is the total cost, in dollars, to produce 1000 shirts?
(Disregard the $ sign when gridding your answer.)

ID: 4fe4fd7c Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 3500. The given information includes a cost, $800, to produce 100 shirts. Substituting
and into the given equation yields . Subtracting 500 from both sides of the
equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 100 yields . Substituting the value of m
into the given equation yields . Substituting 1000 for x in this equation and solving for gives the
cost of 1000 shirts: , or 3500.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 2e379126
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2e379126

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2e379126 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function is defined by . Substituting for into the given
equation yields , or .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of for which , not the value of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 11e1ab81
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 11e1ab81

The graph above shows the distance traveled d, in feet, by a product on a

conveyor belt m minutes after the product is placed on the belt. Which of the
following equations correctly relates d and m ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 11e1ab81 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The line passes through the origin. Therefore, this is a relationship of the form , where k is a
constant representing the slope of the graph. To find the value of k, choose a point on the graph of the line other
than the origin and substitute the values of m and d into the equation. For example, if the point is chosen, then
, and . Therefore, the equation of the line is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line as the change in time over the change in
distance traveled instead of the change in distance traveled over the change in time. Choices C and D are incorrect
because each of these equations represents a line with a d-intercept of 2. However, the graph shows a line with a d-
intercept of 0.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c22b5f25
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c22b5f25

In the xy-plane, the points and lie on the graph of

which of the following linear functions?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c22b5f25 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A linear function can be written in the form , where m is the slope and b is the y-

coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. The slope of the graph can be found using the formula .

Substituting the values of the given points into this formula yields or , which simplifies to

. Only choice C shows an equation with this slope.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from computation errors or misinterpreting the given information.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c651cc56
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c651cc56

Some values of the linear function f are shown in the table

above. What is the value of ?

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 9

ID: c651cc56 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A linear function has a constant rate of change, and any two rows of the table shown can be used to
calculate this rate. From the first row to the second, the value of x is increased by 2 and the value of is increased

by . So the values of increase by 3 for every increase by 1 in the value of x. Since , it follows

that . Therefore, .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the third x-value in the table, not . Choices C and D are incorrect and may result from
errors when calculating the function’s rate of change.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 50f4cb9c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 50f4cb9c

For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Function is
defined by , where and are constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 50f4cb9c Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The table gives that when . Substituting 0 for and for into the equation
yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . The table gives
that when . Substituting for , for , and for into the equation
yields . Combining like terms yields , or . Since , substituting for
into this equation gives , which yields . Thus, the value of can be written as
, which is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of , not . Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 16889ef3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 16889ef3

Oil and gas production in a certain area dropped from 4 million barrels in 2000
to 1.9 million barrels in 2013. Assuming that the oil and gas production
decreased at a constant rate, which of the following linear functions f best
models the production, in millions of barrels, t years after the year 2000?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 16889ef3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It is assumed that the oil and gas production decreased at a constant rate. Therefore, the function f
that best models the production t years after the year 2000 can be written as a linear function, , where m
is the rate of change of the oil and gas production and b is the oil and gas production, in millions of barrels, in the year
2000. Since there were 4 million barrels of oil and gas produced in 2000, . The rate of change, m, can be

calculated as , which is equivalent to , the rate of change in choice C.

Choices A and B are incorrect because each of these functions has a positive rate of change. Since the oil and gas
production decreased over time, the rate of change must be negative. Choice D is incorrect. This model may result from
misinterpreting 1.9 million barrels as the amount by which the production decreased.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID a396ed75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a396ed75

For a training program, Juan rides his bike at an average rate of minutes per mile. Which function models the
number of minutes it will take Juan to ride miles at this rate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a396ed75 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It′s given that Juan rides his bike at an average rate of minutes per mile. The number of minutes
it will take Juan to ride miles can be determined by multiplying his average rate by the number of miles, , which
yields . Therefore, the function models the number of minutes it will take Juan to ride miles.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a9039591
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a9039591

For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Which equation
defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a9039591 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. An equation that defines a linear function can be written in the form , where
and are constants. It's given in the table that when , . Substituting for and for in the
equation yields , or . Substituting for in the equation
yields . It's also given in the table that when , . Substituting for and for
in the equation yields , or . Subtracting from both sides of this
equation yields . Substituting for in the equation yields .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID f79fffba
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f79fffba

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f79fffba Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The value of can be found by substituting for in the equation defining . Substituting
for in yields , or . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 3174f07d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3174f07d

The graph of the linear function is shown, where . What is the y-intercept of the graph of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3174f07d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of function
shown intersects the y-axis at the point . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of is .

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 Choice A is incorrect. This is the point where the x-axis, not the graph of , intersects the y-axis.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 271f7e3f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 271f7e3f

For the function f defined above, what is the

value of ?

A. 1

B. 2

C.

D.

ID: 271f7e3f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The value of can be calculated by finding the values of and . The value of

can be found by substituting 9 for x in the given function: . This equation can be rewritten as

, or 4. Then, the value of can be found by substituting 1 for x in the given function: .

This equation can be rewritten as , or 2. Therefore, , which is equivalent to 2.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly substituting values of x in the given function or making
computational errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 4e97f862
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 4e97f862

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4e97f862 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function is defined by . The value of is the value of
when . Substituting for in the given equation yields , which is equivalent to ,
or .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of when , rather than .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of , rather than .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , rather than .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 720e51ac
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 720e51ac

The cost , in dollars, for a manufacturer to make rings is represented by the line shown.

What is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 720e51ac Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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 Choice C is correct. The line shown represents the cost , in dollars, for a manufacturer to make rings. For the line
shown, the x-axis represents the number of rings made by the manufacturer and the y-axis represents the cost, in
dollars. Therefore, the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings is represented by the y-coordinate of the
point on the line that has an x-coordinate of . The point on the line with an x-coordinate of has a y-coordinate of
. Therefore, the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 70d9516e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 70d9516e

A bus is traveling at a constant speed along a straight portion of road. The equation gives the distance , in
feet from a road marker, that the bus will be seconds after passing the marker. How many feet from the marker will the
bus be seconds after passing the marker?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 70d9516e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that represents the number of seconds after the bus passes the marker. Substituting
for in the given equation yields , or . Therefore, the bus will be feet from the marker
seconds after passing it.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the distance, in feet, the bus will be from the marker second, not seconds, after
passing it.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the distance, in feet, the bus will be from the marker seconds, not seconds, after
passing it.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID aeaba0b6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: aeaba0b6

The function represents the total cost, in dollars, of attending an arcade when games are played. How many games
can be played for a total cost of ?

ID: aeaba0b6 Answer

Correct Answer: 11

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that the function represents the total cost, in dollars, of attending
an arcade when games are played. Substituting for in the given equation yields . Subtracting
from each side of this equation yields . Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Therefore,
games can be played for a total cost of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a8e6bd75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a8e6bd75

Which of the following is the graph of the equation

in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a8e6bd75 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

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 Choice D is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of the equation , where m and b are constants, is a line with
slope m and y-intercept . Therefore, the graph of in the xy-plane is a line with slope 2 and a y-intercept

. Having a slope of 2 means that for each increase in x by 1, the value of y increases by 2. Only the graph in

choice D has a slope of 2 and crosses the y-axis at . Therefore, the graph shown in choice D must be the correct
answer.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. The graph of in the xy-plane is a line with slope 2 and a y-intercept at

. The graph in choice A crosses the y-axis at the point , not , and it has a slope of , not 2. The

graph in choice B crosses the y-axis at ; however, the slope of this line is , not 2. The graph in choice C has a

slope of 2; however, the graph crosses the y-axis at , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 5ad6bc97
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 5ad6bc97

The function gives the total number of people on a company retreat with managers. What is the total number of
people on a company retreat with managers?

ID: 5ad6bc97 Answer

Correct Answer: 50

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the function gives the total number of people on a company retreat with
managers. It's also given that managers are on the company retreat. Substituting for in the given function yields
, or . Therefore, there are a total of people on a company retreat with managers.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a73a5c22
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a73a5c22

The function is defined by . What is the value of when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a73a5c22 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value of when can be found by substituting for in the given equation
. This yields , or . Therefore, when , the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of when , rather than the value of when .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 5907e072
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 5907e072

For the linear function , is a constant. When , . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5907e072 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that when , . Substituting for and for in the given
function yields , or . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 8ad64841
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8ad64841

A linear function gives a company’s profit, in dollars, for selling items. The company’s profit is when it sells
items, and its profit is when it sells items. Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8ad64841 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the relationship between and is linear. A linear function can be written in the
form , where is the slope and is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of in the
xy-plane. Given two points on a line, and , the slope of the line can be found using the slope formula
. It’s given that the company’s profit is when it sells items and the profit is when it sells
items. Since represents the company's profit, in dollars, for selling items, the graph of in the xy-plane
passes through the points and . Substituting and for and ,
respectively, in the slope formula yields , which gives , or . Substituting for , for
, and for in yields , or . Subtracting from each
side of this equation yields . Substituting for and for in yields
. Therefore, the equation that defines is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 41fdc0b8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 41fdc0b8

The table above shows the population of Greenleaf, Idaho, for the years 2000 and 2010. If the relationship between
population and year is linear, which of the following functions P models the population of Greenleaf t years after 2000?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 41fdc0b8 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that the relationship between population and year is linear; therefore, the function that
models the population t years after 2000 is of the form , where m is the slope and b is the population
when . In the year 2000, . Therefore, . The slope is given by

. Therefore, , which is equivalent to the

equation in choice A.

Choice B is incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly calculating the slope as just the change in the value of P.
Choice C is incorrect and may be the result of the same error as in choice B, in addition to incorrectly using t to
represent the year, instead of the number of years after 2000. Choice D is incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly
using t to represent the year instead of the number of years after 2000.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID a4d6fbec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a4d6fbec

If , what is the value of when ?

ID: a4d6fbec Answer

Correct Answer: 50

Rationale

The correct answer is . Substituting for in the given equation yields , or . Therefore, the
value of is when .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID bbf9e5ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bbf9e5ce

For groups of or more people, a museum charges per person for the first people and for each additional
person. Which function gives the total charge, in dollars, for a tour group with people, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bbf9e5ce Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A tour group with people, where , can be split into two subgroups: the first people and
the additional people. Since the museum charges per person for the first people and for each
additional person, the charge for the first people is and the charge for the additional people is
. Therefore, the total charge, in dollars, is given by the function , or
.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 8643d906
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8643d906

The population of snow leopards in a certain area can be modeled by the

function P defined above, where is the population t years after 1990. Of the
following, which is the best interpretation of the equation ?

A. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 30 in the year 2020.

B. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 30 in the year 2030.

C. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year 2020.

D. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year 2030.

ID: 8643d906 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that represents the population of snow leopards t years after 1990.
corresponds to and . It follows that corresponds to 30 years after 1990, or 2020. Thus, the
best interpretation of is that the snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year
2020.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from reversing the interpretations of t and . Choice D is incorrect and
may result from determining that 30 years after 1990 is 2030, not 2020.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 8a6de407
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8a6de407

The function f is defined by , where m and b are constants. If

and , what is the value of m ?

ID: 8a6de407 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. The slope-intercept form of an equation for a line is , where m is the slope and b is
the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Two ordered pairs, and , can be used to compute the slope using the

formula . It’s given that and ; therefore, the two ordered pairs for this line are

and . Substituting these values for and gives , or 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 3ce92ce8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3ce92ce8

For the given function , the graph of in the xy-plane is parallel to line . What is the slope of line ?

ID: 3ce92ce8 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that function is defined by . Therefore, the equation representing
the graph of in the xy-plane is , and the graph is a line. For a linear equation in the form
, represents the slope of the line. Since the value of in the equation is , the slope of the
line defined by function is . It's given that line is parallel to the line defined by function . The slopes of parallel
lines are equal. Therefore, the slope of line is also .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 1ecaa9c0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1ecaa9c0

Robert rented a truck to transport materials he purchased from a hardware

store. He was charged an initial fee of $20.00 plus an additional $0.70 per mile
driven. If the truck was driven 38 miles, what was the total amount Robert was
charged?

A. $46.60

B. $52.90

C. $66.90

D. $86.50

ID: 1ecaa9c0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that Robert was charged an initial fee of $20.00 to rent the truck plus an additional $0.70
per mile driven. Let m represent the number of miles the truck was driven. Since the rental charge is $0.70 per mile
driven, represents the amount Robert was charged for m miles driven. Let c equal the total amount, in dollars,
Robert was charged to rent the truck. The total amount can be represented by the equation . It’s
given that the truck was driven 38 miles, thus . Substituting 38 into the equation gives .
Multiplying gives . Adding these values gives , so the total amount Robert was
charged is $46.60.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from setting up the equation incorrectly or from making calculation
errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 53487897
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 53487897

The relationship between two variables, and , is linear. For every increase in the value of by , the value of
increases by . When the value of is , the value of is . Which equation represents this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 53487897 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the relationship between and is linear. An equation representing a linear
relationship can be written in the form , where is the slope and is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of
the graph of the relationship in the xy-plane. It’s given that for every increase in the value of by , the value of
increases by . The slope of a line can be expressed as the change in over the change in . Thus, the slope, , of the
line representing this relationship can be expressed as , or . Substituting for in the equation yields
. It's also given that when the value of is , the value of is . Substituting for and for in the
equation yields , or . Subtracting from each side of this equation yields
. Substituting for in the equation yields . Therefore, the equation
represents this relationship.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of by , the value
of increases by , not , and when the value of is , the value of is , not .

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of by , the value
of increases by , not , and when the value of is , the value of is , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of by , the value
of increases by , not , and when the value of is , the value of is , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 0ea7ef01
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0ea7ef01

Oxygen gas is placed inside a tank with a constant volume. The graph shows the estimated temperature , in kelvins, of
the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres.

What is the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0ea7ef01 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents pressure, in atmospheres, and the y-axis represents
temperature, in kelvins. Therefore, the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is

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 atmospheres is represented by the y-coordinate of the point on the graph that has an x-coordinate of . The point on the
graph with an x-coordinate of has a y-coordinate of approximately . Therefore, the estimated temperature, in
kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the pressure, in atmospheres, not the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas
when its pressure is atmospheres.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID f0773a55
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f0773a55

The graph represents the total charge, in dollars, by an electrician for hours of work. The electrician charges a
onetime fee plus an hourly rate. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph?

A. The electrician’s hourly rate

B. The electrician’s onetime fee

C. The maximum amount that the electrician charges

D. The total amount that the electrician charges

ID: f0773a55 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the electrician charges a onetime fee plus an hourly rate. It's also given that the graph

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 represents the total charge, in dollars, for hours of work. This graph shows a linear relationship in the xy-plane. Thus,
the total charge , in dollars, for hours of work can be represented as , where is the slope and is
the y-intercept of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane. Since the given graph represents the total charge, in dollars,
by an electrician for hours of work, it follows that its slope is , or the electrician’s hourly rate.

Choice B is incorrect. The electrician's onetime fee is represented by the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, not the slope, of
the graph.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 441558e7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 441558e7

Scientists collected fallen acorns that each housed a colony of the ant species P. ohioensis and analyzed each colony's
structure. For any of these colonies, if the colony has worker ants, the equation , where
, gives the predicted number of larvae, , in the colony. If one of these colonies has worker ants,
which of the following is closest to the predicted number of larvae in the colony?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 441558e7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the equation , where , gives the predicted number of
larvae, , in a colony of ants if the colony has worker ants. If one of these colonies has worker ants, the predicted
number of larvae in that colony can be found by substituting for in the given equation. Substituting for in the
given equation yields , or . Of the given choices, is closest to the predicted number
of larvae in the colony.

Choice B is incorrect. This is closest to the predicted number of larvae in a colony with worker ants.

Choice C is incorrect. This is closest to the number of worker ants for which the predicted number of larvae in a colony
is .

Choice D is incorrect. This is closest to the predicted number of larvae in a colony with worker ants.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 2eef7e61
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2eef7e61

The graph of the function f is a line in the xy-plane. If the line has slope and
, which of the following defines f?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2eef7e61 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The equation for the function f in the xy-plane can be represented by , where m is the

slope and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Since it’s given that the line has a slope of , it follows that

in , which yields . It’s given that . This implies that the graph of the function f in the
xy-plane passes through the point . Thus, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph is 3, so in

, which yields . Therefore, the equation defines the function f.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from a sign error for the y-intercept. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
using the denominator of the given slope as m in , in addition to a sign error for the y-intercept. Choice D
is incorrect and may result from using the denominator of the given slope as m in .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 1f0966db
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1f0966db

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

ID: 1f0966db Answer

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale

The correct answer is . Substituting for in the given function yields . Multiplying each side of this
equation by yields , or . Subtracting from each side of this equation yields
. Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Therefore, when the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 023c0a8d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 023c0a8d

For the function f, if for all values of x,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C. 0

D. 2

ID: 023c0a8d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that for all values of x. If , then will equal . Dividing both

sides of by 3 gives . Therefore, substituting 2 for x in the given equation yields , which
can be rewritten as .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of the constant in the given equation for f. Choice C is incorrect and may result
from substituting , rather than , into the given equation. Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of x that
yields for the left-hand side of the given equation; it’s not the value of .

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID daad7c32
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: daad7c32

An object hangs from a spring. The formula relates the length ,

in centimeters, of the spring to the weight w, in newtons, of the object. Which of
the following describes the meaning of the 2 in this context?

A. The length, in centimeters, of the spring with no weight attached

B. The weight, in newtons, of an object that will stretch the spring 30 centimeters

C. The increase in the weight, in newtons, of the object for each one-centimeter increase in the length of the spring

D. The increase in the length, in centimeters, of the spring for each one-newton increase in the weight of the object

ID: daad7c32 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value 2 is multiplied by w, the weight of the object. When the weight is 0, the length is 30 + 2(0)
= 30 centimeters. If the weight increases by w newtons, the length increases by 2w centimeters, or 2 centimeters for
each one-newton increase in weight.

Choice A is incorrect because this describes the value 30. Choice B is incorrect because 30 represents the length of the
spring before it has been stretched. Choice C is incorrect because this describes the value w.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID a04050d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a04050d8

The table above gives the typical amounts of energy per gram, expressed in
both food calories and kilojoules, of the three macronutrients in food. If the 180
food calories in a granola bar come entirely from p grams of protein, f grams of
fat, and c grams of carbohydrate, which of the following expresses f in terms of
p and c ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a04050d8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It is given that there are 4.0 food calories per gram of protein, 9.0 food calories per gram of fat, and
4.0 food calories per gram of carbohydrate. If 180 food calories in a granola bar came from p grams of protein, f grams
of fat, and c grams of carbohydrate, then the situation can be represented by the equation . The
equation can then be rewritten in terms of f by subtracting 4p and 4c from both sides of the equation and then dividing

both sides of the equation by 9. The result is the equation .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may be the result of not representing the situation with the correct equation or
incorrectly rewriting the equation in terms of f.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 81390d6c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 81390d6c

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 81390d6c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Substituting for in the given function yields , or . Therefore,

the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of . Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 295a41f0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 295a41f0

The graph of is shown.

Which equation defines the linear function ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 295a41f0 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

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 Choice B is correct. The graph of a line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation , where is the
slope of the line and is the y-intercept. The slope of a line that passes through the points and
can be calculated using the formula . The line shown passes through the points and .
Substituting and for and , respectively, in the formula yields
, which is equivalent to , or . Since the line shown passes through the point , it
follows that . Substituting for and for in the equation yields . It’s given
that the graph shown is the graph of . Substituting for in the equation
yields . Adding to both sides of this equation yields . Therefore, the
equation defines the linear function .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 73b5f330
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 73b5f330

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 73b5f330 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function is defined by . Substituting for in this equation
yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this
equation by yields . Therefore, the value of when is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , not the value of when .

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 776cfa7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 776cfa7c

Hana deposited a fixed amount into her bank account each month. The function gives the amount,
in dollars, in Hana's bank account after monthly deposits. What is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. With each monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account increased by .

B. Before Hana made any monthly deposits, the amount in her bank account was .

C. After monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account was .

D. Hana made a total of monthly deposits.

ID: 776cfa7c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that represents the number of monthly deposits. In the given function
, the coefficient of is . This means that for every increase in the value of by , the value of
increases by . It follows that with each monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account increased by .

Choice B is incorrect. Before Hana made any monthly deposits, the amount in her bank account was .

Choice C is incorrect. After monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account was .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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