KADI SARVA VISHWAVIDYALAYA

NEP COURSE

B.Sc. Semester- I

SUBJECT: Foundation Course in English

Language

SUBJECT CODE: AEC 203- 1 C

STUDENT MANUAL
Unit Content

1. Speaking / Enhancing Speaking Skills

Introducing oneself, talking about friends and family members-suggested

conversations, contracted forms, describing oneself using adjectives

Talking to and about friends and family members in various social situations-
suggested conversations, using simple present and present continuous, using
suggested vocabulary to talk about family, talking about future, using since and
for, tag questions.

Talking about daily activities

Suggested vocabulary and conversations, adverbs of frequency,

Talking about Job interviews -suggested conversations, expressing opinions

small talks- suggested conversations, using present perfect Talking about

Holidays and travel-suggested conversations and special usages

2. Grammar

Parts of speech

Noun

Pronoun

Verb

Adverb

Adjective

Preposition

Connectives
Tenses

Using Tenses:

simple present or present progressive

Present perfect or simple past

simple past or past perfect

simple future or future progressive

future perfect

present perfect continuous

Past perfect continuous

future perfect continuous

Modals

Use of ‘Be’, ‘Do’, ‘Have’

Can – Could

Shall – Should

Will – Would

May – Might

Must – Ought to

Dare – Need

Subject – Verb Agreement

Active-Passive Voice
 Active-Passive Voice

Basic Rules

Omissions of the objects

Passive voice: Transitive verb, Two Objects, Preposition

Imperative sentences

3. Writing skills

Note-taking and note-making

-Importance, features of a good note, making effective class notes, five

methods of preparing notes, useful tips.

Circulars and memo writing

-informative and official circulars, interoffice memo- structure and style

4. Art of Book Reviews: Writing to Presentation

Book reviews: process of writing

Writing reviews and making presentation tips

 UNIT- 1

1. Speaking / Enhancing Speaking Skills

Introducing oneself, talking about friends and family members-suggested

conversations, contracted forms, describing oneself using adjectives

Talking to and about friends and family members in various social situations-
suggested conversations, using simple present and present continuous, using
suggested vocabulary to talk about family, talking about future, using since and
for, tag questions.

Talking about daily activities

Suggested vocabulary and conversations, adverbs of frequency,

Talking about Job interviews -suggested conversations, expressing opinions

small talks- suggested conversations, using present perfect Talking about

Holidays and travel-suggested conversations and special usages
 Introducing oneself
Basic Introduction:
1. Name:
• "Hi, I'm [Your Name]."
• "My name is [Your Name]."
• "You can call me [Preferred Nickname]."
• "I go by [Nickname]."
2. Age:
• "I'm [Your Age] years old."
• "I just turned [Age]."
3. Hometown:
• "I'm from [Your Hometown]."
• "I grew up in [Hometown]."
• "I'm originally from [Your Hometown/Country]."
• "I grew up in [City/Region]."
• "I've lived in [Current City] for [X] years now."
4. Current Location:
• "I currently live in [Current City/Town]."
• "I reside in [Current Location]."
Education and Career:
5. Previous Education:
• "Before coming here, I attended [Previous School/College]."
• "I completed my high school education at [High School Name]."
• "I have a background in [Previous Degree/Field]."
6. School/University:
• "I'm a student at [Name of School/University]."
• "I attended [Name of School/University]."
7. Major/Field of Study:
• "I'm majoring in [Your Major/Field of Study]."
• "I'm studying [Major/Field]."
8. Occupation:
• "I work as a [Your Occupation]."
• "I have a job in [Industry/Field]."
Hobbies and Interests:
9. Hobbies:
• "In my free time, I enjoy [Your Hobbies]."
• "I'm passionate about [Hobby]."
10. Interests:
• "I have a keen interest in [Your Interests]."
• "I love [Interest, e.g., reading, traveling]."
Personality Traits:
11. Describing Personality:
• "I'm a [Positive Trait] and [Positive Trait] person."
• "People often describe me as [Positive Trait]."
12. Strengths:
• "Some of my strengths include [Strengths, e.g., being organized and a good communicator]."
• "I'm particularly good at [Strength]."
Goals and Aspirations:
13. Future Plans:
• "I hope to pursue a career in [Your Desired Career]."
• "One of my dreams is to [Your Dream or Aspiration]."
Favorites:
14. Favorite Books/Movies:
• "Some of my favorite books/movies are [Book/Movie Titles]."
• "I enjoy reading/watching [Genre/Author/Director]."
15. Favorite Music:
• "I love listening to [Music Genre/Band/Artist]."
• "My favorite song is [Song Title]."
16. Favorite Food:
• "I can't resist [Favorite Food]."
• "I'm a big fan of [Cuisine]."
Closing Remarks:
17. Closing Greetings:
• "It's nice to meet you!"
• "Thank you for taking the time to get to know me."
Introducing and Describing Yourself:
Prompt: "Could you please introduce yourself and tell me a bit about who you are?"
Reply: "Of course! I'm [Your Name]. I'm currently a [Year/Level] student at [Name of
College/University], majoring in [Your Major]. I'm originally from [Hometown], but I've really come
to love this college town. Outside of academics, I'm passionate about [Hobby/Interest]."

Talking About Likes and Dislikes:

Prompt: "What are some of your favorite activities or hobbies? Are there any particular things you're
passionate about?"
Reply: "I'm really into [Hobby/Activity]. It's something I've been doing for [Duration], and it's a great
way for me to [Reason why you enjoy it]. On the other hand, I'm not a big fan of [Activity/Thing you
dislike]. It's just not really my cup of tea."

Expressing Yourself:
Prompt: "How do you usually express yourself, whether it's creatively, emotionally, or in any other
way?"
Reply: "I find that I express myself best through [Creative Outlet/Activity]. It's a way for me to
[Explain why it's your preferred outlet]. Additionally, I'm someone who values open and honest
communication, so if something's on my mind, I'll usually just come out and say it."

Describing Your Interests and Passions:

Prompt: "What are some of the things that truly excite or inspire you?"
Reply: "I'm really passionate about [Interest/Passion]. It's something that has always fascinated me
because [Explain why it's important to you]. It's incredible how [Specific aspect of your interest] can
[Impact or significance]."

Discussing Career Aspirations and Goals:

Prompt: "Could you share a bit about what you're studying and what you hope to achieve in your
academic or professional pursuits?"
Reply: "Absolutely. I'm studying [Your Major] with the goal of [Your Career Aspiration]. I'm really
drawn to [Specific aspect of your field] because [Explain why it interests you]. Ultimately, I hope to
[Long-term career goal or aspiration]."

Introducing and Describing Yourself:

Prompt: "Could you please introduce yourself and tell me a bit about who you are?"
Reply: "Of course! I'm Reema. I'm a first-year B.Sc. Chemistry major at Kadi Sarva
Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar. Originally, I'm from Palanpur, but I decided to come here for
college. When I'm not in class, I love playing the guitar and enjoy a good game of Kabaddi with
friends."
Prompt: "Tell me a bit about your background and what led you to your current college or
university."
Reply: "I'm Ravi. I come from a small town in Visnagar, and I'm now a freshman at Kadi Sarva
Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar, majoring in B.Sc. Chemistry. I've always been fascinated by the
intricacies of chemistry, and I wanted to pursue it at a university known for its strong science
programs."

Talking About Likes and Dislikes:

Prompt: "What are some of your favorite activities or hobbies? Are there any particular things you're
passionate about?"
Reply: "One of my absolute favorite activities is cooking. I find it incredibly therapeutic, and
experimenting with new recipes is my way of unwinding. On the flip side, I'm not a big fan of math.
It's always been a challenge for me, but I'm working on improving my skills."
Prompt: "Do you have any specific books, movies, or TV shows that you really enjoy?"
Reply: "I'm a huge fan of science fiction novels. Authors like Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke
have always captivated my imagination. On the contrary, I've never been able to get into reality TV
shows. They just don't interest me."
Expressing Yourself:
 Prompt: "How do you usually express yourself, whether it's creatively, emotionally, or in any other
way?"
Reply: "I express myself creatively through painting. There's something incredibly liberating about
putting my thoughts and emotions onto a canvas. I'm also someone who values clear and open
communication. If something's bothering me, I believe in addressing it directly."
Prompt: "In challenging situations, how do you cope with stress or anxiety?"
Reply: "When I'm stressed or anxious, I turn to meditation. It helps me find a sense of calm and
clarity. Additionally, I believe in talking it out with a close friend or family member. Sharing my
feelings often helps me gain perspective."
Describing Your Interests and Passions:
Prompt: "What are some of the things that truly excite or inspire you?"
Reply: "I'm incredibly passionate about environmental conservation. Seeing how our planet is
changing due to climate issues has spurred me to get involved. I'm particularly interested in
sustainable agriculture and reducing plastic waste."
Prompt: "Can you share a recent experience that left a lasting impact on you?"
Reply: "Recently, I volunteered at a local animal shelter. It was such a rewarding experience to help
those animals find loving homes. It's something I'm truly passionate about, and I hope to continue
making a difference in their lives."
Discussing Career Aspirations and Goals:
Prompt: "Could you share a bit about what you're studying and what you hope to achieve in your
academic or professional pursuits?"
Reply: "Certainly. I'm majoring in B.Sc. Chemistry with a focus on organic chemistry. I'm deeply
intrigued by the synthesis of complex molecules and its applications in pharmaceuticals. My long-
term goal is to contribute to the development of innovative drug compounds that can address pressing
medical needs."

Prompt: "What motivates you in your academic or career pursuits?"

Reply: "I'm motivated by the potential to make a tangible impact on the field of chemistry. For
instance, I aspire to be part of research teams that pioneer new methods in organic synthesis.
Knowing that my work could lead to advancements in medicine is a driving force for me."
 Introducing Family Member
1. Immediate Family:
• This category includes the closest members of your family who you typically live with or have
daily interactions with.
• It comprises your father, mother, siblings (brothers and sisters), spouse (husband or wife), and
children (sons and daughters).
• These individuals are considered immediate family because they have a direct and significant
impact on your day-to-day life.
2. Extended Family:
• This category includes relatives beyond your immediate family who are still connected by blood
or marriage.
• It encompasses all the people in your father and mother's families, such as grandparents, aunts,
uncles, and cousins.
• While you may not interact with your extended family on a daily basis, they are still an important
part of your family network.
3. Parent:
• A parent is an adult who is responsible for raising and taking care of their children.
• A mother is a female parent, and a father is a male parent.
4. Sibling:
• A sibling is a brother or sister.
• Siblings share the same parents.
5. Uncle-Aunt:
• Uncles and aunts are siblings of your parent.
• They can be either maternal (related to your mother) or paternal (related to your father).
6. Grandparent:
• Grandparents are the parents of your parents.
• A grandmother is a female grandparent, and a grandfather is a male grandparent.
7. Cousin:
• Cousins are the children of your aunts or uncles.
• They are your relatives from the same generation.
8. Spouse:
• A spouse is your husband or wife, the person you are legally married to.
9. Child:
• A child is your son or daughter, born to you as a parent.
10. Nephew/Niece:
• Nephews and nieces are the children of your siblings (brothers or sisters).
11. Grandchild:
• Grandchildren are the sons or daughters of your children.
12. Father-in-law/Mother-in-law:
• Father-in-law and mother-in-law are the parents of your spouse.
13. Brother-in-law/Sister-in-law:
• Brother-in-law and sister-in-law are the siblings of your spouse.
14. Son-in-law/Daughter-in-law:
• Son-in-law and daughter-in-law are the spouses of your children.
15. Ex-husband/Ex-wife:
• An ex-husband or ex-wife is a person who was previously your spouse but is no longer married
to you, typically due to divorce.
16. Half-brother/Half-sister:
• Half-siblings are your siblings who share either your father or mother but not both.
17. Step-parent/Step-child:
• Step-parents are new spouses of one of your parents.
• Step-children are the children of your spouse from their previous marriage.
18. Maternal and Paternal Relationships:
• Maternal refers to your mother's side of the family.
• Paternal refers to your father's side of the family.
• A maternal grandmother is your mother's mother, and a paternal uncle is your father's
brother.
19. Legal Guardian Relationships:
• Legal guardians are responsible for the care and upbringing of a child when the biological
parents cannot fulfill that role.
20. Adoptive Family Relationships:
• Adoptive families are formed when a child is legally adopted by non-biological parents.
• An adopted child is a child who is not biologically related to their adoptive parents.
1. Introducing Immediate Family:
Immediate family members include parents, siblings, and children. Here are some common phrases
and examples:
• "This is my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]."
• Example: "This is my father, John."
• Explanation: This is a straightforward and commonly used phrase. It clearly states the
relationship and the name of the family member.
• "Allow me to introduce you to my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's
name]."
• Example: "Allow me to introduce you to my sister, Emily."
• Explanation: This phrase is a bit more formal and polite. It indicates that you are taking the
initiative to make the introduction.
• "Have you met my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]?"
• Example: "Have you met my mother, Susan?"
• Explanation: This is an inviting way to introduce a family member, suggesting that you would
like the person you're introducing to get to know your family member.
2. Introducing Extended Family:
Extended family members include grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and in-laws. Here are some
phrases and examples:
• "I'd like you to meet my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]."
• Example: "I'd like you to meet my aunt, Linda."
• Explanation: This phrase expresses your desire to make the introduction, indicating that you
value the person you're introducing meeting your family member.
• "This is my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]."
• Example: "This is my cousin, Mark."
• Explanation: This is a direct and clear way to introduce an extended family member, providing
both the relationship and the name.
• "Let me introduce you to my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's
name]."
• Example: "Let me introduce you to my uncle, David."
• Explanation: This phrase is assertive and shows your willingness to facilitate the introduction.
3. Introducing Other Relatives:
This category includes more distant relatives or those related by marriage. The phrases and examples
are similar to those for extended family members:
• "I'd like you to meet my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]."
• Example: "I'd like you to meet my step-sister, Sarah."
• Explanation: This phrase is used to introduce relatives by marriage or those who might not be as
closely related.
• "This is my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's name]."
• Example: "This is my cousin-in-law, Michael."
• Explanation: This provides clear information about the relationship and name of the family
member.
• "Let me introduce you to my [family member's relationship to you], [family member's
name]."
• Example: "Let me introduce you to my nephew's wife, Rachel."
• Explanation: This phrase is useful for introducing relatives who are not directly related by blood.
1. Brief Facts about Your Family:
• Example: "I come from a small/big family."
• Explanation: You can elaborate further on this by mentioning the total number of family
members. For example, "I come from a big family. There are seven of us in total."
2. Names and Relationships:
• Example: "My brother/sister (name) lives in (place). He/She is an (occupation)."
• Explanation: Provide additional context about your family member's occupation or interests.
For example, "My sister, Emily, lives in New York. She's a lawyer and is really passionate about
environmental law."
3. Appearance and Personality:
• Example: "I look like my Dad. We both have brown eyes and fair hair."
• Explanation: You can also mention any specific traits or characteristics that you find interesting.
For example, "My dad and I share the same sense of humor. We both love puns and dad jokes."
• Example: "This is my Mum. She is very hardworking, makes delicious food, and above all,
she’s so loving."
• Explanation: Adding specific details about your family member's qualities can give a deeper
understanding of their personality. For instance, "My mom has a great sense of humor. She
always knows how to make everyone laugh."
4. Types of Relationships:
• Example: "My sister likes staying at home and reading books, but I prefer gardening and
outdoor activities."
• Explanation: You can discuss shared experiences or memories to highlight the special
connection you have with a family member. For example, "My sister and I used to spend
summers at our grandparents' farm. We have so many fond memories of those days."
• Example: "My brother enjoys playing sports, but I prefer reading and watching movies."
• Explanation: You can mention how your differing interests sometimes lead to fun debates or
activities. For instance, "My brother and I often challenge each other to friendly competitions.
He tries to beat me in sports, and I try to outsmart him in trivia games."
• Example: "We always have lunch/dinner together at the weekend. Sometimes we go away for
the weekend."
• Explanation: You can mention any special traditions or routines you have with your family. For
example, "Every Sunday, we have a big family brunch at my parents' house. It's a tradition we've
had for years."
• Example: "We don’t see each other very often, but I try to call my parents once a week/day."
• Explanation: You can talk about how you maintain your connection with family members, even
if you're geographically apart. For example, "Since I moved for work, I make it a point to have a
video call with my parents every Sunday. It's a great way to catch up and stay close."
• Example: "I live near my sister/cousin, so we meet for coffee every week."
• Explanation: Discussing your regular meetups shows the effort you make to stay connected
with a family member. For example, "My sister and I have a standing coffee date every Saturday
morning. It's a time we cherish for catching up and supporting each other."
• Example: "My brother lives far away, but I go to visit him and his family sometimes/every
summer/vacations."
• Explanation: Sharing how you make an effort to visit a distant family member demonstrates the
importance you place on maintaining your relationship. For example, "My brother lives in
Australia, so I try to visit him and his family at least once a year. We make the most of our time
together and create lasting memories."
SAMPLE CONVERSATION - 1
Arun: Hey! It's so nice to meet you all. Could you introduce your family?

You: Of course! Let me give you a bit more about each member. This is my father, Rajesh. He's been
working in the software industry for over two decades now. His fascination with classical music goes
beyond just listening; he's actually been learning to play the sitar for the past few years.

My mom, Meera, is a schoolteacher with a special knack for bringing history to life for her students.
What's really remarkable about her, though, is her talent as a painter. She held a solo exhibition of her
artwork just last year, showcasing some stunning pieces inspired by nature and Indian mythology.

Riya: That's really impressive! And what about your siblings?

You: Absolutely! My elder brother, Arjun, is currently immersed in his law studies. He's especially
passionate about environmental law and hopes to make a positive impact in that field. Instead of
sports, he's into adventure photography and has captured some breathtaking shots during his travels.

As for my younger sister, Anaya, she's a budding scientist with her eyes set on the stars. She dreams
of becoming an astronaut and has a telescope in her room that she uses to stargaze whenever she can.
Her enthusiasm for the sciences is truly infectious.

Arun: Wow, what a diverse and accomplished family! And what about you?
You: Thank you! I'm actually pursuing a Bachelor's degree in Chemistry. It's been an exciting
journey exploring the intricacies of the subject. However, my true passion lies in games. I'm an avid
gamer and love exploring virtual worlds, solving puzzles, and competing in online multiplayer
games.
Riya: That's fascinating! It sounds like you all have such interesting pursuits. And what about your
grandparents?

You: On my mom's side, my grandfather, Prakash, is a green thumb extraordinaire. His garden is like
a mini oasis, bursting with an array of vibrant flowers and lush plants. His knowledge of horticulture
is truly remarkable.

And my grandmother, Leela, is a retired school principal. Her love for classic literature is evident in
the extensive library she's amassed over the years. She's always ready with a recommendation for a
great book.

Arun: And on your dad's side?

You: On my dad's side, my grandfather, Vijay, served in the armed forces for most of his life. The
stories he has from his time in service are nothing short of captivating. He's a living testament to
dedication and duty.

My grandmother, Kamala, is a culinary maestro. Her biryani is legendary among family and friends.
The blend of flavors and aromas she conjures up in the kitchen is truly something to behold.

Riya: It sounds like you have a truly wonderful and accomplished family. It's a pleasure to meet them
all!

You: Thank you! They're an amazing bunch, and I'm lucky to have them. They've each contributed in
their own special way to shaping who I am.
 Talking about Friends and Peers
❖ Some appropriate phrases to use when conversing with friends and peers:

⚫ Common greeting in English:

 What's up?
 How's it going?
 How are you?
 How have you been?
 What have you been up to?
 What's new?

⚫ When you haven't seen your friends in a long time, use greetings:

 Nice to see you

 Long-time no see
 I haven't seen you in a while
 It's been a while since I've seen you.

⚫ Positive phrase For Complimenting

 Your dress is so pretty.

 That colour looks good on you.
 You look great today.
 You're a fantastic cook.
 I like your new haircut.
 You have the best style.

⚫ For Encouraging

 You can do it!

  Don't give up!
 You're almost there!
 You've made it this far.
 Keep it up!
 I believe in you!

⚫ For Appreciating

 Thanks for your help.

 I couldn't have done it without you.
 I'm so proud of you.
 You're so awesome.
 I appreciate your support.
 I'm so grateful for you.

⚫ For Giving Positive Feedback

 You did a good job on the project.

 Great work on the presentation.
 I like the way you give instructions.
 You're improving a lot.
 I can tell you worked really hard on this.
 This looks really good.

⚫ For Congratulating

 Congratulations!
 I'm so happy for you!
 That's great news!
 Good job!
  Good luck with your new job!

⚫ Introducing friends

1. My best friend's name is ______.

2. This is my friend ______.
3. Let me introduce you to my friend ______.
4. Please, meet my friend ______.
5. He/she is a ______.
6. He/she is in ______.
7. He/she works for a ______.
8. He/she ________for a living.
9. She/he is from _____.
10. They live in _____but they are originally from _____.
11. He/she likes ______.
12. He/she is interested in ________.

⚫ Use Adjectives to Describe Your Friends' Qualities:

1. Faithful
2. Generous
3. Genuine
4. Hilarious
5. Honest
6. Kind
7. Kind-hearted
8. Unique
9. Wonderful
10. Humble

⚫ Expressing likes and dislikes

 1. I love eating ice-creams/Chocolates.
2. She’s mad about BTS band.
3. He’s crazy about watching Cricket matches.
4. I love listening to Music.
5. She’s fond of chocolate.
6. I like swimming very much.
7. He really likes that new golf course.
8. He quite likes going to the cinema.
9. I like cooking.
10. I don’t mind doing the housework.
11. She doesn’t like cooking very much.
12. He’s not very fond of doing the gardening.
13. He’s not a great fan of football.
14. I don’t like sport at all.
15. I hate crowded supermarkets.

⚫ Common expressions
1. To be a fan of something- I am a fan of science fiction but I am not a fan of fantasy movies.
2. To be mad/crazy about something. - My neighbour is crazy about video games. He spends all
night playing them.
3. To be fond of something/someone- Both my children are fond of travelling., Invite James to
the dinner, we are very fond of him.

⚫ Ways to Invite friends

1. Are you free to - Are you free to catch up for coffee after class?
2. Are you doing anything -Are you doing anything on Sunday? Maybe we could hang out?
3. Would you like to -Would you like to catch a movie this weekend?
4. Would you like to come to the concert with us?
5. Do you want to ? - Do you want to join us for a game of badminton?
6. Why don’t we ? - Why don’t we go to that new exhibit at the museum?
7. How about ? - How about going to that festival together on Saturday?
8. I’m hosting a party/barbecue/launch/dinner party - and I’d love it if you could come/be
there/join me/join us
9. I’m getting married/turning 40/moving into my new place/going skating…and I hope you can
come/be there/join me/join us
10. I’m thinking of seeing a movie/going to the museum/grabbing a bite/checking out that new
restaurant and it would be great if you can make it.
11. Let’s play tennis on Sunday morning!
12. Let’s throw a party. I’ve graduated!
13. Would you be interested in joining us tomorrow? We’re celebrating my father’s retirement.
14. Do you feel like coming for a meal at our house on Sunday? We’re having some friends
around.
15. I invite you to my birthday party on Thursday evening.
16. I was wondering if you could join us for a game of cards?
17. I’d like to ask you if you could come to my daughter’s wedding next weekend.
18. We would be very pleased if you could join us.

⚫ Accepting an Invitation:

1. Thanks for the invitation.

2. That is so kind of you.
3. Thanks for thinking of us.
4. That sounds great.
5. Thank you for your kind invitation.
6. I’d love to, thanks.
7. That’s a great idea.
8. Thanks for inviting me to dinner.
9. It’s very nice of you.
10. Many thanks for your kind invitation. I’ll join you.
11. Sure. Thank you.
12. We will be there.
 13. Count me in.
14. Absolutely!
15. I’ll be there for sure.
16. So we will see you on the 10th then.
17. We look forward to seeing you there.
18. How lovely! I can’t wait.
19. It is going to be great!
20. Let me know if I can help with the preparations.
21. Is there anything I can do to help?
22. Fabulous, see you then!

⚫ Refusing an Invitation:

1. Thanks for your invitation but I’m busy now.

2. I’m afraid I won’t be able to come.
3. I’m afraid I am busy tomorrow.
4. I’d love to but I have an appointment.
5. I really don’t think I can, sorry.
6. That sounds fabulous but…
7. I wish I could join you but…
8. That’s very kind of you, but I can’t accept your invitation.
9. It is my sister’s birthday that day.
10. My husband leaves for his trip that afternoon.
11. The children have a school event we have to attend.
12. sorry, I can’t. I have some other plans / arrangements.
13. I’m afraid I can’t because I’m looking after my sister’s children.
14. I don’t want to sound rude but my parents are visiting me on Saturday.
15. Thanks for your invitation but I have to study for the test.
16. Maybe some other time.
 Talking about Daily activities
1. Morning Routine:
• Wake up
• Get out of bed
• Brush your teeth
• Take a shower
• Get dressed
• Have breakfast
• Commute to work/school
2. Work/School Routine:
• Start work/class
• Attend meetings/lectures
• Take a break
• Lunchtime
• Finish work/class
• Commute back home
• Homework/study
3. Evening Routine:
• Prepare dinner
• Eat dinner
• Watch TV
• Exercise
• Relax
• Go to bed
• Read a book
4. Household Chores:
• Clean the house
• Do the laundry
• Wash the dishes
 • Vacuum the floors
• Take out the trash
• Grocery shopping
5. Social Activities:
• Meet up with friends
• Go to a party
• Have a chat
• Text/Call someone
• Invite someone over
• Go out for a meal
6. Health and Self-Care:
• Exercise regularly
• Meditate
• Take vitamins
• Stay hydrated
• Get enough sleep
• Go for a walk
7. Time Expressions:
• Every morning/afternoon/evening
• On weekdays/weekends
• At night
• In the afternoon
• Daily/weekly/monthly
• Sometimes/often/always
8. Asking About Routines:
• What's your daily routine like?
• How do you usually start your day?
• Do you have any evening rituals?
• When do you usually go to bed?
• How often do you exercise?
 • What's your typical weekend routine?
9. Describing Routines:
• I usually wake up at 6:30 AM.
• I have breakfast around 7:00 AM.
• After work, I like to unwind by watching TV.
• On weekends, I often go for a hike.
• I make sure to check my emails every morning.
10. Expressing Preferences:
• I prefer to do my workouts in the morning.
• I enjoy cooking dinner in the evenings.
• I like to read a book before bedtime.
• I'm not a fan of doing household chores.
• I love meeting up with friends on weekends.
11. Morning Routine:
• I'm not a morning person, so getting out of bed is a struggle.
• I start my day with a quick shower and a strong cup of coffee.
• My alarm clock is my worst enemy in the morning.
12. Getting Ready for Classes:
• I have an 9 AM class, so I need to rush in the morning.
• Picking an outfit for the day is always a dilemma.
• I never leave without my backpack and student ID.
13. Attending Classes:
• I sit in the front row to stay engaged during lectures.
• Some classes are a breeze, while others are really challenging.
14. Study Sessions:
• I hit the library after classes to study.
• Group study sessions are a lifesaver during finals.
• Finding a quiet study spot on campus can be a challenge.
15. Meals and Dining:
• I often grab a quick bite between classes.
 • Late-night pizza runs are a college tradition.
16. Socializing:
• Friday nights are for hanging out with friends.
• Let's catch up over coffee or lunch sometime.
• Movie nights in the dorm are the best way to relax.
17. Extracurricular Activities:
• Rehearsals for the drama are intense but fun.
• I'm passionate about volunteering, so I help out at the local shelter.
18. Weekend Plans:
• Any exciting plans for the weekend?
• I'm thinking of going hiking on Saturday.
• Sunday is reserved for binge-watching my favorite shows.
19. Time Management:
• Balancing classes and a part-time job is challenging.
• I try to stick to a daily schedule to stay organized.
• Managing my time effectively is key to success in college.
20. Challenges and Stress:
• College can be overwhelming at times.
• Midterms and finals are the most stressful times of the year.
• I'm feeling the pressure with all these assignments.
21. Goals and Ambitions:
• I'm majoring in chemistry because it fascinates me.
• My goal is to graduate with honors.

22. Relaxation and Self-Care:

• I like to unwind with a good book or some music.
• Taking short walks helps me clear my mind.
• Yoga is my go-to for stress relief.
23. Planning Ahead:
• Let's plan a study group for the upcoming exam.
 • We should check out that new cafe after class.

Prompt 1: Morning Routine

• Prompt: "Could you take me through your typical morning routine on a college day?"
• Reply: "Certainly! I usually wake up at around 7:00 AM. After getting ready, I grab a
quick breakfast, review my class schedule, and then head to my first class by 8:30."
Prompt 2: Classes and Study Schedule
• Prompt: "How do you organize your classes and study time throughout the day?"
• Reply: "My classes are spread out from 9 AM to 3 PM. After classes, I allocate about 2
hours for studying and homework. Then, I usually take a break before diving into any
extracurricular activities or personal projects."
Prompt 3: Sports:
• Prompt: "Are you involved in any sports or athletic activities at college?"
• Reply: "Absolutely! I'm on the college's basketball team. We have practice sessions
every Tuesday and Thursday evening, and games on weekends. It's a fantastic way to
stay active and be part of a team."
Prompt 4: Hobbies and Interests
• Prompt: "Apart from college and activities, what are some of your favorite hobbies or
interests?"
• Reply: "I'm really into hiking and photography. Whenever I have some free time, I try to
explore new trails and capture the beauty of nature through my camera lens."
Prompt 5: Meal Planning and Cooking
• Prompt: "Do you do any meal planning or cooking for yourself?"
• Reply: "Yes, I do. I find it quite relaxing. I usually plan my meals for the week ahead,
and on weekends, I enjoy trying out new recipes or cooking something special."
Prompt 6: Fitness and Exercise
• Prompt: "Do you have a regular exercise routine?"
• Reply: "I try to stay active. I go for a jog or do some yoga in the mornings, and I also hit
the gym a few times a week. It helps me stay energized and focused."
Prompt 7: Balancing Work and Social Life
• Prompt: "How do you balance college work with socializing and downtime?"
 • Reply: "It's a bit challenging, but I try to stick to a schedule. I make sure to finish my
assignments before heading out with friends. Also, I like to have a 'no-study' evening
once a week to relax and recharge."
Prompt 8: Technology Use and Screen Time
• Prompt: "How do you manage your screen time, especially with all the online classes?"
• Reply: "It's a constant struggle, especially with online classes. I try to set specific times
for screen-related activities and take short breaks to rest my eyes. On weekends, I give
myself a bit more leeway for leisurely browsing."
Prompt 9: Part-Time Jobs or Internships
• Prompt: "Are you currently working part-time or interning anywhere?"
• Reply: "Yes, I have a part-time job at a local cafe on weekends. It's a good way to earn
some extra money and gain some work experience alongside my studies."
Prompt 10: Weekend Activities
• Prompt: "How do you like to spend your weekends?"
• Reply: "Saturdays are usually reserved for catching up on assignments and spending time
with friends. Sundays are for family time and unwinding with a good book or a movie."

SAMPLE CONVERSATION- 2
• Person A: "Hey, how was your day today?"
• Person B: "It was pretty good, thanks! I had a busy day at college."
• Person A: "Oh, nice. What's your daily routine like on college days?"
• Person B: "Well, I usually wake up around 7 AM. After a quick shower, I have breakfast.
Today, it was cereal and some fruit. Then, I head to college, which starts at 9 AM."
• Person A: "Sounds like a typical morning routine. How are your classes usually
structured?"
• Person B: "I have a mix of lectures and labs. So, today, I had a chemistry lecture in the
morning, followed by a biology lab. After that, I had a break for lunch."
• Person A: "What do you usually do during your lunch break?"
• Person B: "I like to grab lunch with some friends. We have this favorite sandwich place
near campus. It's a nice way to unwind and chat."
• Person A: "That sounds fun. What's your schedule like in the afternoon?"
• Person B: "In the afternoon, I had a physics lecture, which was pretty intense. After
college, I usually spend a couple of hours in the library studying and working on
assignments."
• Person A: "Studying right after college? That's impressive. Do you have any
extracurricular activities or hobbies you squeeze into your day?"
• Person B: "Yes, I play kabaddi in the college team, so I have practice three times a week
in the evenings. Today is one of those practice days, so after the library, I'll head to the
kabaddi field."
• Person A: "Kabaddi sounds like a great way to stay active. What do you do for dinner?"
• Person B: "I'll grab a quick dinner at the college cafeteria with my teammates after
practice. It's convenient, and we get to hang out."
• Person A: "After dinner, what's on your agenda?"
• Person B: "I'll head back to my dorm room, finish up any remaining assignments, and
maybe watch a bit of Netflix to unwind. Then, it's bedtime because I have an early class
tomorrow."
• Person A: "It sounds like a packed day, but you manage it well. Do you have any specific
routines for the weekends?"
• Person B: "Weekends are my time to relax. I sleep in a bit, catch up on reading, and maybe
go for a hike or hang out with friends. It's a nice break from the busy weekdays."
• Person A: "That sounds like a balanced routine. Thanks for sharing!"
• Person B: "No problem! It was nice talking about my day. How about you? How was your
day?"
 Talking about Holidays
Discussing Travel Plans:
1. Travel Plans
• Example: "Are you planning any trips soon?"
• Explanation: This question is an open invitation for someone to share their upcoming travel
plans. It shows interest in their future adventures.
2. Destinations
• Example: "Have you ever been to Paris?"
• Explanation: This question is asking about a specific place the person has visited. It's a
common way to start a conversation about travel experiences.
3. Itineraries
• Example: "Do you have an itinerary for your trip to Italy?"
• Explanation: An itinerary is a detailed plan of a journey, including places to visit, activities,
and schedules. Asking about someone's itinerary shows interest in their travel plans.
4. Accommodations
• Example: "Where are you staying during your trip to Bali?"
• Explanation: This question is about where someone plans to stay during their trip. It could
refer to hotels, hostels, vacation rentals, etc.
Discussing Travel Experiences:
5. Memorable Moments
• Example: "What was the highlight of your trip to Japan?"
• Explanation: This question encourages the person to share the most memorable or special
moments from their travel experience.
6. Sights and Attractions
• Example: "Did you visit the Eiffel Tower in Paris?"
• Explanation: This question asks about specific places of interest the person visited. It's a great
way to learn about their sightseeing experiences.
7. Cuisine and Dining
• Example: "What was your favorite local dish you tried in Thailand?"
• Explanation: Asking about food experiences allows the person to share their culinary
adventures and recommendations.
8. Cultural Experiences
• Example: "Did you participate in any traditional ceremonies in India?"
• Explanation: This question aims to learn about the person's interactions with the local culture,
which could include attending events, festivals, or ceremonies.
Making Travel Recommendations:
9. Recommendations
• Example: "You should definitely visit the Louvre Museum in Paris."
• Explanation: Offering recommendations shows that you're sharing your travel knowledge and
trying to enhance their experience.
10. Must-See Places
• Example: "You can't miss the Great Wall of China when you're there."
• Explanation: This statement highlights a popular attraction that is considered essential for
anyone visiting that particular destination.
11. Travel Tips
• Example: "Make sure to carry a universal adapter for your electronics."
• Explanation: Providing travel tips demonstrates a desire to help the person have a smoother
and more enjoyable trip.
Talking About Travel Preparations:
12. Packing
• Example: "Have you started packing for your trip to Greece?"
• Explanation: Asking about packing indicates interest in their preparations and can lead to
discussions about essentials for the trip.
13. Documents and Tickets
• Example: "Do you have all your travel documents ready for your flight to Spain?"
• Explanation: This question addresses the importance of having necessary documents and
tickets prepared for travel.
Discussing Transportation:
14. Modes of Transportation
• Example: "How are you planning to get around in New York?"
• Explanation: This question explores the person's transportation plans within the destination,
such as using public transit, renting a car, or walking.
15. Airport and Flights
• Example: "Which airport are you flying into for your trip to London?"
• Explanation: This question helps in understanding the logistics of their travel, including arrival
points and departure times.
Emergencies and Safety:
16. Emergency Contacts
• Example: "Do you have the contact information for the local embassy in Thailand?"
• Explanation: Inquiring about emergency contacts shows concern for the person's safety and
well-being during their travels.
17. Health and Safety
• Example: "Did you get travel insurance for your trip to Australia?"
• Explanation: Discussing health and safety precautions demonstrates care for the person's well-
being while they're away.
Conversation prompt and reply
1. Favorite Travel Destinations:
• Prompt: "What's your all-time favorite travel destination?"
• Reply: "I'd have to say Paris. The art, culture, and of course, the food, make it an unforgettable
city."
2. Travel Bucket List:
• Prompt: "Are there any places you haven't been to yet but really want to visit?"
• Reply: "I've always wanted to explore the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu in Peru. It's on the
top of my bucket list."
3. Memorable Travel Experiences:
• Prompt: "Can you share one of your most memorable travel experiences?"
• Reply: "One of the most memorable moments was watching the sunrise at Angkor Wat in
Cambodia. It was magical."
4. Travel Preferences:
• Prompt: "Do you prefer adventurous trips or relaxing vacations?"
• Reply: "I enjoy a mix of both. Exploring new places is exciting, but I also need some downtime
to unwind."
5. Hidden Gems:
• Prompt: "Have you ever stumbled upon a hidden gem or lesser-known destination?"
• Reply: "I once found a charming little town called Hallstatt in Austria. It felt like something
out of a fairytale."
6. Travel Companions:
• Prompt: "Do you prefer traveling solo or with friends/family?"
• Reply: "I enjoy both. Solo travel offers freedom, but sharing experiences with loved ones
creates lasting memories."
7. Local Cuisine:
• Prompt: "What's the most delicious local dish you've tried during your travels?"
• Reply: "In Thailand, I had an amazing bowl of authentic Tom Yum soup. The blend of flavors
was incredible."
8. Travel Tips:
• Prompt: "Do you have any travel tips or hacks you swear by?"
• Reply: "Always carry a reusable water bottle and a power bank. Staying hydrated and charged
is crucial while exploring."
9. Cultural Experiences:
• Prompt: "Have you had any unique cultural exchanges while traveling?"
• Reply: "During a trip to Japan, I participated in a tea ceremony and learned about the art of
matcha preparation."
10. Dream Travel Scenario:
• Prompt: "If you could plan your dream holiday, what would it look like?"
• Reply: "My dream trip would involve road-tripping through New Zealand, exploring its
stunning landscapes and hiking trails."
11. Travel Challenges:
• Prompt: "Have you faced any unexpected challenges while traveling?"
• Reply: "Once, I missed a connecting flight, but it led to an impromptu adventure in the city I
was stuck in. It turned out to be a great experience!"
12. Sustainable Travel:
• Prompt: "Are you conscious of sustainable travel practices?"
• Reply: "Absolutely. I try to choose eco-friendly accommodations and reduce my plastic usage
when I travel."

1. Making a Reservation:
1. Vocabulary:
• Reservation
• Booking
• Availability
• Check-in date
• Check-out date
• Confirmation
2. Phrases:
• "I'd like to make a reservation for [number of nights] nights."
• "Is there availability for a room from [check-in date] to [check-out date]?"
• "Can I book a [single/double] room for [number of people] people?"
• "What are the rates for a [single/double] room?"
• "Could you confirm the reservation, please?"
• "I'd like to confirm my booking."
2. Asking About Room Types:
1. Vocabulary:
• Single room
• Double room
• Twin room
• Suite
• King-size bed
• Queen-size bed
2. Phrases:
• "What types of rooms do you have available?"
• "Could you tell me about the different room options?"
• "Do you have any suites available?"
• "I prefer a room with a king-size bed."
3. Asking About Amenities:
1. Vocabulary:
• Amenities
• Facilities
• Wi-Fi
• Air conditioning
• Breakfast included
• Parking
2. Phrases:
• "Could you tell me about the amenities offered?"
• "Is Wi-Fi included in the room rate?"
• "Do the rooms have air conditioning?"
• "Is breakfast included with the room?"
4. Inquiring About Prices:
1. Vocabulary:
• Rates
• Price per night
• Total cost
• Extra charges
• Discount
• Deposit
2. Phrases:
• "What are the rates for the rooms?"
• "How much is the room per night?"
• "Is there an additional charge for extra guests?"
• "Do you offer any discounts for extended stays?"
5. Confirming Reservation Details:
1. Vocabulary:
• Name
• Contact information
• Special requests
• Preferences
• Itinerary
2. Phrases:
• "Could you please confirm my reservation under the name [your name]?"
• "Can you verify my contact information?"
• "I have a special request for [mention request]. Is that possible?"
• "Could you note down my preferences for [mention preferences]?"
• "Can you send me the booking confirmation and itinerary?"
6. Asking About Cancellation Policy:
1. Vocabulary:
• Cancellation policy
• Refundable
• Non-refundable
• Penalty
• Deadline
2. Phrases:
• "What is your cancellation policy?"
• "Is the booking refundable if I need to cancel?"
• "Are there any penalties for canceling after a certain date?"
• "Could you please explain the deadlines for cancellation?"
7. Requesting Additional Information:
1. Vocabulary:
• Nearby attractions
• Transportation options
• Pet-friendly
• Smoking/non-smoking
• Check-in/check-out times
2. Phrases:
• "Could you provide information about nearby attractions?"
• "What are the transportation options to [landmark/airport] from the hotel?"
• "Is the accommodation pet-friendly?"
• "Do you offer smoking or non-smoking rooms?"
• "What are the check-in and check-out times?"
8. Expressing Gratitude and Confirming:
1. Phrases:
• "Thank you for your assistance."
• "I appreciate your help in making this reservation."
• "I look forward to my stay at your establishment."

SAMPLE CONVERSATION - 3
You: Hey there! I was thinking about the upcoming holiday. Do you have any plans?

Friend: Hi! Yes, I was considering visiting my hometown for Diwali. It's been a while since I
celebrated it with my family. How about you?

You: That sounds wonderful! Diwali with family is always special. I'm thinking of doing
something similar. It's such a vibrant and joyous festival, isn't it?

Friend: Absolutely! The lights, the sweets, and of course, the time with family - it's incomparable.
Are there any special traditions your family follows during Diwali?

You: Well, we always start the day with a puja at home. Then, it's all about lighting diyas,
exchanging gifts, and, of course, indulging in some delicious homemade sweets. We also make
it a point to visit our relatives and share the festive spirit.

Friend: That sounds lovely! In my family, we have a tradition of making rangolis at the entrance.
It's believed to bring good luck and ward off negative energy. And then, there's the grand feast
in the evening!

You: Rangolis are so beautiful, and they add such a festive touch! And yes, the feast is one of the
highlights. I can almost taste the various curries, biryanis, and sweets just thinking about it!

Friend: Haha, you're making my mouth water! Also, don't forget the crackers. It's always a bit of
a debate in our family, but we end up lighting a few sparklers and fountains.

You: Oh yes, the crackers! It's a tricky topic these days with environmental concerns, but sparklers
and fountains are a nice compromise. It brings back a bit of childhood nostalgia, doesn't it?
Friend: Absolutely! It's that mix of tradition and childhood memories that make Diwali so special.
Anyway, I hope you have a fantastic celebration with your family.

You: Thank you! You too, have a fantastic time with your loved ones. Wishing you a bright and
prosperous Diwali!

Friend: Same to you! Enjoy and stay blessed!

You: Thanks, see you after the holidays!

 Daily Routine and Small talks
1. Morning Routine:
• Wake up
• Get out of bed
• Brush your teeth
• Take a shower
• Get dressed
• Have breakfast
• Commute to work/school
2. Work/School Routine:
• Start work/class
• Attend meetings/lectures
• Take a break
• Lunchtime
• Finish work/class
• Commute back home
• Homework/study
3. Evening Routine:
• Prepare dinner
• Eat dinner
• Watch TV
• Exercise
• Relax
• Go to bed
• Read a book
4. Household Chores:
• Clean the house
• Do the laundry
• Wash the dishes
• Vacuum the floors
• Take out the trash
• Grocery shopping
5. Social Activities:
• Meet up with friends
• Go to a party
• Have a chat
• Text/Call someone
• Invite someone over
• Go out for a meal
6. Health and Self-Care:
• Exercise regularly
• Meditate
• Take vitamins
• Stay hydrated
• Get enough sleep
• Go for a walk
7. Time Expressions:
• Every morning/afternoon/evening
• On weekdays/weekends
• At night
• In the afternoon
• Daily/weekly/monthly
• Sometimes/often/always
8. Asking About Routines:
• What's your daily routine like?
• How do you usually start your day?
• Do you have any evening rituals?
• When do you usually go to bed?
• How often do you exercise?
• What's your typical weekend routine?
9. Describing Routines:
• I usually wake up at 6:30 AM.
• I have breakfast around 7:00 AM.
• After work, I like to unwind by watching TV.
• On weekends, I often go for a hike.
• I make sure to check my emails every morning.
10. Expressing Preferences:
• I prefer to do my workouts in the morning.
• I enjoy cooking dinner in the evenings.
• I like to read a book before bedtime.
• I'm not a fan of doing household chores.
• I love meeting up with friends on weekends.
11. Morning Routine:
• I'm not a morning person, so getting out of bed is a struggle.
• I start my day with a quick shower and a strong cup of coffee.
• My alarm clock is my worst enemy in the morning.
12. Getting Ready for Classes:
• I have an 9 AM class, so I need to rush in the morning.
• Picking an outfit for the day is always a dilemma.
• I never leave without my backpack and student ID.
13. Attending Classes:
• I sit in the front row to stay engaged during lectures.
• Some classes are a breeze, while others are really challenging.
14. Study Sessions:
• I hit the library after classes to study.
• Group study sessions are a lifesaver during finals.
• Finding a quiet study spot on campus can be a challenge.
15. Meals and Dining:
• I often grab a quick bite between classes.
• Late-night pizza runs are a college tradition.
16. Socializing:
• Friday nights are for hanging out with friends.
• Let's catch up over coffee or lunch sometime.
• Movie nights in the dorm are the best way to relax.
17. Extracurricular Activities:
• Rehearsals for the drama are intense but fun.
• I'm passionate about volunteering, so I help out at the local shelter.
18. Weekend Plans:
• Any exciting plans for the weekend?
• I'm thinking of going hiking on Saturday.
• Sunday is reserved for binge-watching my favorite shows.
19. Time Management:
• Balancing classes and a part-time job is challenging.
• I try to stick to a daily schedule to stay organized.
• Managing my time effectively is key to success in college.
20. Challenges and Stress:
• College can be overwhelming at times.
• Midterms and finals are the most stressful times of the year.
• I'm feeling the pressure with all these assignments.
21. Goals and Ambitions:
• I'm majoring in chemistry because it fascinates me.
• My goal is to graduate with honors.
22. Relaxation and Self-Care:
• I like to unwind with a good book or some music.
• Taking short walks helps me clear my mind.
• Yoga is my go-to for stress relief.
23. Planning Ahead:
• Let's plan a study group for the upcoming exam.
• We should check out that new cafe after class.
Prompt 1: Morning Routine
• Prompt: "Could you take me through your typical morning routine on a college day?"
• Reply: "Certainly! I usually wake up at around 7:00 AM. After getting ready, I grab a quick
breakfast, review my class schedule, and then head to my first class by 8:30."
Prompt 2: Classes and Study Schedule
• Prompt: "How do you organize your classes and study time throughout the day?"
• Reply: "My classes are spread out from 9 AM to 3 PM. After classes, I allocate about 2 hours
for studying and homework. Then, I usually take a break before diving into any extracurricular
activities or personal projects."
Prompt 3: Sports:
• Prompt: "Are you involved in any sports or athletic activities at college?"
• Reply: "Absolutely! I'm on the college's basketball team. We have practice sessions every
Tuesday and Thursday evening, and games on weekends. It's a fantastic way to stay active and
be part of a team."
Prompt 4: Hobbies and Interests
• Prompt: "Apart from college and activities, what are some of your favorite hobbies or
interests?"
• Reply: "I'm really into hiking and photography. Whenever I have some free time, I try to
explore new trails and capture the beauty of nature through my camera lens."
Prompt 5: Meal Planning and Cooking
• Prompt: "Do you do any meal planning or cooking for yourself?"
• Reply: "Yes, I do. I find it quite relaxing. I usually plan my meals for the week ahead, and on
weekends, I enjoy trying out new recipes or cooking something special."
Prompt 6: Fitness and Exercise
• Prompt: "Do you have a regular exercise routine?"
• Reply: "I try to stay active. I go for a jog or do some yoga in the mornings, and I also hit the
gym a few times a week. It helps me stay energized and focused."
Prompt 7: Balancing Work and Social Life
• Prompt: "How do you balance college work with socializing and downtime?"
• Reply: "It's a bit challenging, but I try to stick to a schedule. I make sure to finish my
assignments before heading out with friends. Also, I like to have a 'no-study' evening once a
week to relax and recharge."
Prompt 8: Technology Use and Screen Time
• Prompt: "How do you manage your screen time, especially with all the online classes?"
• Reply: "It's a constant struggle, especially with online classes. I try to set specific times for
screen-related activities and take short breaks to rest my eyes. On weekends, I give myself a
bit more leeway for leisurely browsing."
Prompt 9: Part-Time Jobs or Internships
• Prompt: "Are you currently working part-time or interning anywhere?"
• Reply: "Yes, I have a part-time job at a local cafe on weekends. It's a good way to earn some
extra money and gain some work experience alongside my studies."
Prompt 10: Weekend Activities
• Prompt: "How do you like to spend your weekends?"
• Reply: "Saturdays are usually reserved for catching up on assignments and spending time with
friends. Sundays are for family time and unwinding with a good book or a movie."

SAMPLE CONVERSATION - 4
• Person A: "Hey, how was your day today?"
• Person B: "It was pretty good, thanks! I had a busy day at college."
• Person A: "Oh, nice. What's your daily routine like on college days?"
• Person B: "Well, I usually wake up around 7 AM. After a quick shower, I have breakfast.
Today, it was cereal and some fruit. Then, I head to college, which starts at 9 AM."
• Person A: "Sounds like a typical morning routine. How are your classes usually structured?"
• Person B: "I have a mix of lectures and labs. So, today, I had a chemistry lecture in the
morning, followed by a biology lab. After that, I had a break for lunch."
• Person A: "What do you usually do during your lunch break?"
• Person B: "I like to grab lunch with some friends. We have this favorite sandwich place near
campus. It's a nice way to unwind and chat."
• Person A: "That sounds fun. What's your schedule like in the afternoon?"
• Person B: "In the afternoon, I had a physics lecture, which was pretty intense. After college,
I usually spend a couple of hours in the library studying and working on assignments."
• Person A: "Studying right after college? That's impressive. Do you have any extracurricular
activities or hobbies you squeeze into your day?"
• Person B: "Yes, I play kabaddi in the college team, so I have practice three times a week in
the evenings. Today is one of those practice days, so after the library, I'll head to the kabaddi
field."
• Person A: "Kabaddi sounds like a great way to stay active. What do you do for dinner?"
• Person B: "I'll grab a quick dinner at the college cafeteria with my teammates after practice.
It's convenient, and we get to hang out."
• Person A: "After dinner, what's on your agenda?"
• Person B: "I'll head back to my dorm room, finish up any remaining assignments, and maybe
watch a bit of Netflix to unwind. Then, it's bedtime because I have an early class tomorrow."
• Person A: "It sounds like a packed day, but you manage it well. Do you have any specific
routines for the weekends?"
• Person B: "Weekends are my time to relax. I sleep in a bit, catch up on reading, and maybe
go for a hike or hang out with friends. It's a nice break from the busy weekdays."
• Person A: "That sounds like a balanced routine. Thanks for sharing!"
• Person B: "No problem! It was nice talking about my day. How about you? How was your
day?"

UNIT- 2 GRAMMAR
Note: A separate file has been prepared for this. Find this in pdf.
 Unit- 3 Writing Skills

3. Writing skills

Note-taking and note-making

-Importance, features of a good note, making effective

class-notes, five methods of preparing notes, useful
tips.

Circulars and memo writing

-informative and official circulars, inter office memo-

structure and style

NOTE TAKING & NOTE MAKING

Note-making and note-taking are processes of recording information for future
reference, study, or organization:

Note-taking: Note-taking involves capturing key points, ideas, or details from a

source such as a lecture, meeting, or text. Notes are typically taken in real-time, often
using shorthand or abbreviated phrases to quickly record information. Note-taking
helps in summarizing information, retaining important details, and aiding
comprehension during learning or review.
Note Making: Note-making is a more active process that involves synthesizing and
restructuring information from various sources into concise, organized notes. It goes
beyond merely recording information verbatim and requires analysis, evaluation,
and rephrasing to create coherent summaries or outlines. Note-taking helps in
understanding complex topics, identifying relationships between concepts, and
facilitating deeper learning and retention.

Importance of Note-taking

1. Whether you're in a conference room, on television, or in class, taking

notes will help you concentrate and stay focused.
2. Making notes improves test and exam preparation.
3. They serve as important hints as to the speaker's or teacher's points of
view and are necessary for mastering the material.
4. They mostly support you in interpreting difficult ideas or components of
the subject that, on occasion, even reading books may not be able to explain.

Importance of Note Making

The following points justifies the importance of taking notes:

1. Taking notes enables you to identify and document the more subtle and
important details in a text or phenomena.
2. Making notes enables you to evaluate a text or circumstance up close.
3. Taking notes enables you to assess the degree of complexity in a scenario,
idea, or thought.
 4. It facilitates the recollecting and recapturing the available knowledge and
empowers you to write in your own words.

Features of good notes

The following qualities should be included in good notes:
1. It ought to be written in the third person and should be concise and clear.
2. It should only provide appropriate details or facts about the topic. Avoid
using any description, example, justification, etc. to strengthen the topic.
3. Information should be conveyed in short words, phrases, or sentences
without following to a strict grammar rule.
4. All relevant information ought to be presented in a logical order.
5. Notes are typically organized into major points, supporting points,
additional supporting points, and others.

• Making Effective Class Notes:

Three-Stage Note-Taking Process

1. Before Class:
• Review previous class notes for continuity and understanding.
• Complete assigned readings, if any.
• Bring necessary note-taking materials.
2. During Class:
• Maintain focused attention on the teacher's speech.
• Listen for 'signal statements' indicating crucial information.
• Examples: 'The most important point...', 'Remember that...', 'One of the most
important aspects of...'.
 • Include repeated or board-written information.
• Write efficiently using abbreviated forms for speed.
3. After Class:
• Rewrite notes for completeness.
• Expand abbreviated words, convert symbols to words, and lengthen
shortened sentences.
• Address any questions or uncertainties from class.
• Cross-check with peers to ensure comprehensive coverage.

Tips for Effective Note-Taking

• Previewing Material:
• Familiarize yourself with the subject matter beforehand.
• Easier to identify key points during class or lecture.
• Psychological Readiness:
• Attend class or talk with a prepared mindset for listening and note-taking.
• Maximizes the benefit of the lecture or talk.

Methods of Preparing Notes

1. The Cornell Method
The Cornell Method, developed by Walter Pauk in the 1940s, is a well-known
note-taking technique noted for its systematic approach to obtaining,
evaluating, and summarising information. This comprehensive guide
examines the key components of the Cornell Method and provides a detailed
examination of its benefits, note-taking process, and page arrangement.
1. Page Layout: Make three pieces out of your note paper: a space at the
bottom (2 inches), a broader right column (6 inches), and a narrow left column
(about 2 inches).

2. Heading: Type a heading at the top of your page with the date and the
title of the lecture, class, or topic.

3. Note-taking process:

Right Column (Note-taking): The note-taking process involves jotting down

main ideas, key concepts, and important details in the right column during a
lecture or reading. Use bullet points or a numbering system to organize
information and keep it concise.

Left Column (Cue Column): After the lecture, review your notes and create
cues in the left column to help with self-testing and recall.
 Bottom Column (Summary): In the bottom section, write a summary of the
main points or key concepts to reinforce understanding of the material.

Condensing Notes: To simplify notes, label each idea and detail with a
keyword in the left-hand space, ensuring comprehensibility without laborious
recopying.

Draw Rules: Draw rules on paper, allowing a 6-inch space on the right for
notes and a 2-and-a-half-inch margin on the left. Write notes in the six-inch
space during class, skipping lines as the instructor shifts.

Post Class-completion: After class, finish incomplete phrases and sentences

in notes, and write a cue in the left margin for important information to
enhance recall during review.

Cornell Method Advantages:

• Organized and Systematic: Provides a structured approach to note-taking.
• Easy Concept Extraction: Promotes deeper understanding of material.
• Simplicity and Efficiency: Makes note-taking manageable for students.
• One-Time Accuracy: Eliminates need for recopying, prioritizing accuracy.
• Structured Concentration: Incorporates keywords and cues for
summarizing notes without compromising understanding depth.
• Time and Effort saving: It saves time and efforts of students seeking
important information.

2. The Outlining Method

• Ideal for informative lectures and text.
• Begins with general information at the left, with increasing specificity
indented to the right.
• Relationships depicted through indentation.

Steps:

• Listen first, then organize points with space indentation.

• Place major points utmost to the left.
• Indent specific points to the right.
• Importance levels indicated by distance from major point.
• Common structure: Roman numerals, alphabet letters, etc.

Example Structure
I. Benefits of Regular Exercise
A. Physical Health
1. Improved cardiovascular function
2. Enhanced muscular strength

B. Mental Health
1. Reduced stress levels
2. Improved mood and cognition

II. Types of Exercises

A. Cardiovascular Exercises
1. Running
2. Cycling

B. Strength Training
1. Weightlifting
2. Bodyweight exercises

III. Challenges in Maintaining Exercise Routine

A. Time constraints

B. Lack of motivation
1. Boredom
2. Lack of immediate results

• Outlining Method Advantages:

• Provides a well-organized system for clear hierarchical relationships.
 • Facilitates recording and observing relationships among points.
• Enhances the review process by converting main points into
questions.
• Encourages active engagement, fostering better retention and
understanding.

• Disadvantages:
1. Requires thoughtful organization by the note-taker.
2. Limited review and application due to brevity.
3. Ineffective for rushed lectures.

3. The Mapping Method

Description:
• Utilizes intellectual and analytical skills to link ideas to main concepts.
• Creates a graphic representation of the lecture or talk.
• Requires critical thinking to form a comprehensive map of information
received.
• Advantages:
• Visual tracking of lecture content.
• Engages critical thinking.
• Quick and efficient review of information.
• Use of different colors for emphasis.
• Flashcard application for swift exam preparation.
• When to Use:
• Suitable for heavy and well-organized lecture content.
• Effective for guest lectures with unpredictable presentation styles.

4. The Taxonomizing Method

• Description:
• Systematic charting or recording of information.
• Pre-established pro forma (as a matter of form.) for rapid note-taking.
 • Method:
• Divide page with quadrangles (square shaped) labeled appropriately
(e.g., history, causes, effects, measures).

In this example, the page is divided into categories such as causes, effects, social impact, and
technological advancements. As information is presented, it is categorized under these predefined
headings, creating a structured and organized set of notes.

• As you listen, record relevant information into corresponding

categories.
• Advantages:
 • Tracks pertinent content efficiently.
• Reduces unnecessary writing.
• Facilitates review for both memorization and comparison of facts.

5. The Sentence Method

• Description:
• Suitable for students unfamiliar with technical note-taking.
• Emphasizes detailed notes, especially for argumentative topics.
• Write each new thought, fact, or topic on a separate line as you
progress.

• Advantages:
• Captures extensive information.
• Provides a good overview of the content.
• Disadvantages:
1. Difficulty in discerning major/minor points from numbered sequences.
2. Editing is challenging without reorganizing related points.
 Useful Tips for Preparing Purposeful Notes
1. Take ample time for note-taking. It saves time and enhances retention.
2. Select an appropriate note-taking method and structure.
3. Capture all points relevant to the author's argument, especially in the
introduction and conclusion.
4. Distinguish between facts, opinions, and quotations vs. summaries. This
clarity aids in careful note preparation and confident review.
5. Review your notes the next day and revisit them a few days later. This is an
efficient way to reinforce material retention.

CIRCULAR AND MEMO

Circulars writing

A circular is a brief professional communication that goes to everyone concerned in

an organization. Circulated both within and outside an organization, a circular is
written to promote a new product, inform policyholders of movements in the
insurance field, inform shareholders of market trends, or make matters of general
interest known to several persons.

Depending upon their function, circulars can be divided into various categories,
which are briefly discussed below.

1. Informative Circulars:
These circulars are written in the style of business letters and include an
introductory paragraph, subsequent paragraphs, and a conclusion paragraph.
Such circulars include factual and important information.

2. Public Circulars:
Public bodies and institutions create and distribute public circulars, addressing
issues of public interest, awareness, and welfare. These circulars reach various
groups, including individuals and societies interested in understanding a
society's operations.

3. Company and Partnership Circulars:

The circulars of partnerships and companies serve the same purpose as their
business circulars. The distinction is that these letters sent by partnerships or
corporations include information and specifics of particular importance to
shareholders and business partners.

4. Official circulars
• Official Circulars are more commonly written, containing information
sent by a department's head or senior members, as well as members
from other departments.
• When prepared as an interdepartmental or inter-office item of
communication, an official circular looks like an inter-office
memorandum. However, both memos and circulars can be
differentiated based on the sender's requirement and the amount of
people involved. When there are only two persons engaging, there is no
need to write a circular.
For example, if a production manager needs to inform the general manager
of his or her organisation about production trends in a certain facility, he or
she must write a memo rather than a circular.
However, if the production manager needs to publish a general policy on a
recently altered incentive program, he or she may need to prepare a circular
that will be distributed to the relevant workers.

• When addressing a larger population, we often write a circular,

however, when dealing with a small number of recipients, we use
memos.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIRCULAR AND MEMORANDUM

SAMPLE OF CIRCULAR
 Inter-Office Memorandum (Memo)
• Definition: Document written to pass information within an organization.
Memos serve various professional functions and reach many levels within an
organization, making them a crucial form of written communication.
• Importance: Essential for smooth organizational functioning, providing a
written record of decisions and a history of the company's choices.
• Functions:
1. To Confirm:
- Confirm details of meetings, conversations, or telephone calls.
- Maintain a written record of decisions and agreed-upon terms.
2. To Suggest:
 - Recommend solutions for business problems.
- Offer alternatives and improved services.
- Suggest new procedures and methods.
3. To Request:
- Make a written request for action, looking into a matter,
handling a complaint, or passing information.
- Ensures focused attention and prompt action for routine
matters.
4. To Explain:
- Define or explain procedures or methods that may be
considered complicated or newly introduced.
5. To Announce:
- Make announcements about changes in company policy, office
timings, department functions, equipment transfers, address
changes, responsibility transfers, etc.
6. To Report:
- Give an account of a journey, highlight trends in sales and
production, analyze a situation, present evaluations, or define
facts, phenomena, and situations.
7. To Caution or Warn:
- Remind individuals of their jobs and responsibilities.
- Caution or warn against issues like unpunctuality, neglecting
work, delaying tasks, or performing below expectations.

Structure of a Memo
 Components/Elements:

Letterhead (header) of the organization.

Centralized tag.
Designation of the sender and recipient.
Date.
Reference number.
Subject line.
Body of the memo.
Name and designation of the sender.

[Your Company's Letterhead (Name and details)]

Date: [Date]

To: [Recipient's Name]

From: [Your Name and Position]
Subject: [Brief and Clear Subject of the Memo]

[Body of the Memo]

1. Introduction:
[Briefly introduce the purpose of the memo and any necessary context.]

2. Description in detail of purpose (if necessary)

[Present the main content of the memo in clear and concise paragraphs or bullet
points.]

3. Conclusion or Action Items:

[Summarize the key points or actions to be taken based on the memo's content.]

4. Closing:
[Provide any necessary closing remarks or instructions.]

Attachments or Additional Information:

 [Include any attachments or additional information relevant to the memo.]

Please let me know if you have any questions or need further clarification.

Thank you,
[Your Name]
[Your Position]
[Your Contact Information]

Style of a Memo
- Informal Nature:

Memo is a form of inter-office communication.

Style is generally informal and conversational.

- Adaptation to Culture:

Style influenced by the relationship between sender and recipient.

Culture of the company and organizational environment determine

features.

- Formality Levels:

Some organizations expect a formal style.

Others prefer an informal, conversational style.

- Personal Choice:

Professionals choose a style that suits their purpose and defines the
relationship with the recipient.

-Variety of Styles:

• Memos can be intimate, friendly, and warm.

• Some maintain a detached and matter-of-fact tone.
 Tips for Drafting a Memo
1. Avoid Rambling: Memos are short; lengthy memos are not appreciated.
2. Immediate Purpose Announcement: state the purpose at the beginning.
3. Clarity in Communication: Ensure a clear and understandable message.
4. One Point per Memo: Stick to one point in a short memo. Draft separate
memos for multiple subjects.
5. Call for Action: End memos with a call for action if needed. Clearly specify
what needs to be done, when, how, and where.
6. Standard Format: Use the standard memo format for consistency.

Samples of Memorandum/ Memo

Examples of memos for different situations:

1. Memo Regarding Policy Change:

Sophos Networking Services

Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Date: 10 March 2024

To: All the TAM (Technical Account Managers) members

From: Mr. Jammie Browne, Support Team Leader

Subject: Update on Remote Work Policy

I am writing to inform you about an upcoming change to our remote work policy.
From 9 April 2024, employees will have the option to work remotely up to three
days per week. Remote work arrangements must be approved by your department
manager and comply with our company's guidelines for remote work. All employees
are required to maintain regular communication and productivity while working
remotely. This policy change aims to provide greater flexibility and work-life
balance for our employees.

Please review the updated remote work policy document attached for more details.
If you have any questions or need clarification, feel free to contact HR.

Thank you for your attention to this matter.

Attachments:

- Updated Remote Work Policy

Jammie Browne

Support Team Leader

+ 844 23587391

2. Memo Announcing Team Meeting:

Date: [Date]

To: [Team Members]

From: [Your Name], [Your Position]

Subject: Team Meeting Announcement

Introduction:

I would like to schedule a team meeting to discuss important updates and

upcoming projects.

Body:
- Date: [Meeting Date]

- Time: [Meeting Time]

- Location: [Meeting Location or Online Link]

- Agenda:

1. Review of project deadlines and milestones

2. Updates on client meetings and presentations

3. Any other business or concerns from team members

Conclusion:

Please confirm your availability for the meeting by [Confirmation Deadline]. If

you are unable to attend, please let me know so we can arrange an alternative time.

Thank you for your cooperation.

[Your Name]

[Your Position]

[Your Contact Information]

These examples demonstrate how interoffice memoranda can be used to

communicate important information, schedule meetings, and coordinate activities
within a team or department.

Sample 3
 Simplex Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Lucknow

Inter-office Memorandum

To: All Departmental Heads Reference: RD/2010/23

From: Office Manager Date: 25 November 2010

Subject: Travel Arrangement

Due to an increased traveling activity, at times it becomes difficult for our office to
provide company vehicle from the campus area to the railway station/airport to our
staff. It becomes increasingly hard for us to arrange a company vehicle, particularly
for the travel plans taking shape a couple of hours before the take-off or landing. To
facilitate travel within and outside campus therefore, we are planning to sign upa
contract with a private travel agency to deal with all such requirements.

Please let me know your views on this. All your suggestions would be seriously
considered before signing up for the deal. As the contract is likely to take shape in a
month or so, please send your feedback and suggestions within a fortnight.

Akhil Bajpayee

Office Manager
 Sample 4

Power Cycles Limited, Sonepat

Inter-office Memorandum

To: All Employees Reference: HR/T/12

From: Manager (HR) Date: 18 August 2009

Subject: Office Hours

Let me remind you that the official timings of the company are from 10.00 a.m. to
6.00 p.m. Exceptions resulting in late arrival or early departure must be reported to
the Time Office. Employees not reporting such aberrations and constantly found
irregular in keeping with the office hours will be asked for a written explanation.

Parul Gupta

Manager (HR)
 UNIT- 4

4. Art of Book Reviews: Writing to

Presentation
Book reviews: process of writing
Writing reviews and making presentation
tips
Process of writing
The writing process is a recursive process that involves at least five distinct steps:

1. Prewriting
This is the stage where you gather your thoughts and ideas about your topic. You might
brainstorm, free write, or do research.

2. Drafting
This is where you start writing your first draft. Don't worry about making it perfect at this
stage, just get your ideas down on paper (or screen).

3. Revising
This is where you go back and make changes to your draft. You might add, delete, or
rearrange content. You might also change your style or tone.

4. Editing
This is where you polish your writing for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. You
might also make sure your sentences are clear and concise.

5. Proofreading
This is where you read your writing carefully one last time to catch any errors you might
have missed.

Process of writing-Book Review

The processes of writing a book review is similar to the general writing process, but with some
specific steps that are important to follow. Here are the basic steps involved in writing a book
review:

1. Read the book

This may seem obvious, but it's important to read the book carefully and thoughtfully
before you start writing your review. Take notes on the things you like and dislike about
the book, as well as any specific passages or scenes that you found memorable.

2. Do some research
 If you're not familiar with the author or the book's genre, it's helpful to do some research
before you start writing. This will help you to put the book in context and to understand
the author's intentions.

3. Write a summary
In the first paragraph of your review, you should provide a brief summary of the book's
plot and characters. This will give your readers a basic understanding of the book without
giving away any spoilers.

4. Evaluate the book

In the next few paragraphs, you should evaluate the book's strengths and weaknesses. This
is where you can share your thoughts on the author's writing style, the plot, the characters,
and the themes of the book.

5. Give your opinion

Finally, you should give your overall opinion of the book. Would you recommend it to
others? Why or why not?

6. Be honest
Don't be afraid to say if you didn't like the book. However, try to be constructive in your
criticism.

7. Be specific
Don't just say that you liked or disliked the book. Explain why you felt that way.

8. Use examples
To support your points, use specific examples from the book. This will help your readers
to understand your perspective.

9. Proofread your work

Before you submit your review, make sure to proofread it carefully for grammar, spelling,
and punctuation error

Writing Book Review

Nowadays, any educated people seek quality review before buying things, watching movies, plays,
drama, buying electronic gadgets or buying or reading books, newspaper. Qualitative, informative
and up to the date reviews maters a lot. This unit will guide students about different aspects of
review. This unit will also instruct all the students ‘How to Write a Review’.

“A critical Review is not a book report, movie report, or content report. Reports and summary
simply present factual, non-evaluative synopsis or content- listing of work of art or a
performance, where as critical review has something to say about the success or failure, the
good or the bad aspects etc.”- Anand Mahanand

Anand Mahanand's quote underscores the idea that a critical review involves more than just
presenting factual information. It requires the reviewer to offer insights, opinions, and evaluations
about the work's quality, effectiveness, and impact. A critical review is subjective in nature, as it
reflects the reviewer's perspective and interpretation of the work's merits and flaws.

Making Presentations Tips of Book Reviews

Following are some tips for making a presentation about a book review:

1. Choose a book that one is passionate about and understand the book
This will make the presentation more engaging and enjoyable for both speaker and the
audience. Read the book thoroughly and take notes on key plot points, characters, themes,
and your personal reactions.

2. Do research
Make sure you understand the book's plot, characters, themes, and author's intentions. This
will help you to give a more informed and insightful presentation.

3. Create an outline
This will help you to stay on track and to make sure that your presentation is well-
organized. For example,

● Introduction: Start with a brief introduction to the book, including its title, author,
genre, and publication date.
 ● Analysis: Dive into your analysis of the book's themes, characters, writing style,
and any literary devices used.
● Discuss Characters: Introduce the main characters, describing their traits,
motivations, and roles in the story. Analyze character development and
relationships, highlighting any arcs or changes they undergo
● Summary: Provide a concise summary of the book's plot, highlighting the main
events without giving away spoilers
4. Use visuals
Visuals can help to break up your presentation and to make it more visually appealing. You
can use images, charts, graphs, or even video clips. Visuals can help convey the mood and
atmosphere of the book.

5. Be enthusiastic and engage the audience

Your enthusiasm will be contagious and will help to keep your audience engaged. Pose
thought-provoking questions related to the book's themes or ethical dilemmas to stimulate
audience participation. Encourage discussion and interaction, either during or after your
presentation.

6. Practice your presentation and Be prepared to answer questions

This will help you to feel more confident and to deliver your presentation smoothly.

Your audience is likely to have questions about the book, so be prepared to answer them.

7. Start with a brief summary of the book

This will give your audience a basic understanding of the book without giving away any
spoilers.

8. Highlight the book's strengths and weaknesses

This is where you can share your thoughts on the author's writing style, the plot, the
characters, and the themes of the book.

9. Compare the book to other books in the same genre

This can help your audience to understand the book's place in the literary landscape.
 10. Give your overall opinion of the book
Would you recommend it to others? Why or why not?

List of Short Questions and answers:

1. What is a book review?

A book review is a critical analysis of a book. It typically includes a brief overview of the book's
plot, characters, and setting, as well as the reviewer's opinion of the book.

2. What are the different types of book reviews?

There are two main types of book reviews: academic and popular. Academic book reviews are
typically written by experts in the field and are published in scholarly journals. Popular book
reviews are written for a general audience and are published in newspapers, magazines, and online
websites.

3. What are the key elements of a good book review?

A good book review should include the following elements:

● A brief overview of the book's plot, characters, and setting.

● The reviewer's opinion of the book, including its strengths and weaknesses.
● A comparison of the book to other books in the same genre.
● A recommendation for whether or not to read the book.
4. What are the different purposes of a book review?
Book reviews can serve a variety of purposes, including:

● To inform readers about new books.

● To help readers decide whether or not to read a particular book.
● To provide critical analysis of a book.
● To promote a book to the public.
5. How to write a book review?
Here are some tips on how to write a book review:

● Start by reading the book carefully.

● Take notes on the book's plot, characters, setting, themes, and writing style.
 ● Form an opinion of the book and decide what you want to say about it.
● Write an introduction that summarizes the book and states your opinion of it. In the
body of the review, discuss the book's strengths and weaknesses in detail.
● Compare the book to other books in the same genre.
● Write a conclusion that summarizes your main points and reiterates your
recommendation for the book
6. Highlight any notable aspects, good or bad, of the book’s design and production. Consider
aesthetics, typography, cover, design, images, table of contents, notes, references, index, .
7. Why are book reviews important?
Book reviews help readers make informed decisions about what to read by offering opinions,
summaries, and assessments of a book's strengths and weaknesses.

8. What is the purpose of the summary in a book review?

The summary provides readers with a concise overview of the book's plot without revealing major
spoilers, helping them understand the context before delving into the review.

9. Write a short note on the process of book review

10. Write a short note on the process of writing.
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

1. What is the primary purpose of a book review?

A. To summarize the entire book
B. To critique the author's writing style
C. To provide an evaluation of the book's strengths and weaknesses
D. To predict the book's sales

2. Which of the following elements is typically included in a book review?

A. A detailed summary of every chapter
B. Personal anecdotes unrelated to the book
C. An analysis of the author's personal life
D. Critique of the book's plot, characters, and writing style

3. What should be the tone of a book review?

 A. Completely neutral and devoid of any personal opinions
B. Overwhelmingly positive to encourage readership
C. Balanced, offering both positive and constructive feedback
D. Extremely critical to highlight flaws

4. Which section of a book review provides a brief overview of the book's main points without
revealing major spoilers?
A. Analysis
B. Conclusion
C. Synopsis
D. Critique

5. In a book review, what does the term "character development" refer to?
A. The author's personal growth during the writing process
B. The transformation of the book's physical environment
C. The process of creating visually appealing book covers
D. The evolution of characters' personalities and traits

6. Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of including quotes from the
book in a review?
A. To showcase the reviewer's own writing skills
B. To summarize the entire book in a condensed form
C. To provide evidence that supports the reviewer's points
D. To replace the reviewer's own analysis of the book

7. What distinguishes a book review from a book report?

A. A book review is shorter and lacks personal opinions
B. A book review focuses on plot summary, while a book report focuses on analysis
C. A book review includes personal opinions and critical analysis
D. A book review is typically written by the book's author

8. When discussing the book's writing style, what aspects might a reviewer consider?
A. The number of pages in the book
B. The book's font and formatting
C. The author's personal life experiences
D. The use of language, tone, and narrative techniques

9. Why is it important for a book review to highlight both strengths and weaknesses of the
book?
A. To confuse the reader's perception of the book
B. To avoid hurting the author's feelings
C. To provide a balanced and informed opinion to potential readers
D. To discourage readers from purchasing the book

10. What should be the length of a typical book review?

A. One or two sentences
B. A single paragraph
C. As long as the book being reviewed
D. Long enough to effectively analyze and discuss the book's merits and flaws

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