VAC201-1C: Environmental Studies

Short Question (MCQs / True false / Definition)

1) The human activity, among the following, which causes maximum environmental
pollution having regional and global impact, is
A. Industrialization
B. Urbanization
C. Agriculture
D. Mining
2) Layer of atmosphere in which Ozone layer lies is
A. Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere
3) ‘World Environmental Day' is celebrated every year on:
A. 5th May
B. 5th June
C. 5th July
D. 18th July
4) Soil pollution is caused by
A. Ozone depletion
B. Acid rain
C. Aerosol
D. All of these
5) Biotic component includes
A. All living organisms
B. Light, temperature etc
C. Water, mineral and gases
D. Self-nourishing green plants
6) Global warming also refers to as
A. Climate change
B. Atmosphere change
C. Ecological change
D. None of the above
7) Noise pollution can cause
A. Hypertension
B. Deafness
C. Irritation
D. All of the above
8) Percentage of Nitrogen in earth's atmosphere is
A. 21%
B. 98%
C. 12%
D. 78%
9) Which of the following is not a marine pollutant?
A. Oil
B. Plastic
C. Dissolved oxygen
D. All of the above
10) Who discovered the ozone layer?
A. Henri Buisson & Charles Fabry
B. Carl Sagan & Charles Fabry
C. G.M.B Dobson
D. Carl Sagan &G.M.B Dobson
11) Who discovered the formation of ozone from photochemical reactions?
A. G.M.B Dobson
B. Sydney Chapman
C. Carl Sagan
D. Henri Buisson
12) Below which of the following pH is rain regarded as ‘acid rain’?
A. 7
B. 7.3
C. 5.6
D. 6
13) Which of the following gases are main contributors to acid rain?
A. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
B. Sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide
C. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide
D. Methane and carbon monoxide
14) Which of the following is/are natural contributor(s) to sulphur dioxide in the
atmosphere?
A. Sea sprays
B. All of the mentioned
C. Decaying vegetation
D. Volcanic eruption
15) Which of the following chemicals is responsible for the depletion of ozone layer in the
atmosphere?
A. Chlorofluorocarbons
B. Sulphur oxide
 C. Nitrous oxide
D. Carbon oxide
16) The region of earth, where life exists is known as
A. Atmosphere
B. Biosphere
C. Lithosphere
D. Hydrosphere
17) Hydrosphere Green house effect is warning due to
A. IR rays reaching earth
B. Moisture layer in atmosphere
C. Increase in temperature due to increase in CO2 concentration of atmosphere
D. Ozone layer of atmosphere
18) The pollutant responsible for ozone depletion is
A. CO2
B. SO2
C. CO
D.CFCs

19) When trees are cut, amount of oxygen

A. Decreases
B.Increases
C.Both a & b
D. Remains constant

20) Melanornia (skin cancer) is associated with

A. Ozone depletion
B. Acid Rain
C. Soil pollution
D. All of them
21) The atmospheric green house effect is produced mainly by the
A. Absorption and re-emission of visible light by the atmosphere
B.Absorption and re-emission of UV light by the atmosphere
C. Absorption and re-emission of IR light by the atmosphere
D. Absorption and re-emission of visible light by the clouds
22) Layer which saves from harmful effects of UV radiation is known as
A. Ozone layer
B.Atmosphere
C.Clouds
D. Stratosphere
23) Chemical released by CFCs is
 A. Chlorine
B.Bromine
C.Sodium
D. Methane
24) Which of the following pairs of gases are the major causes of “Green House Effect”?
A. CO2 & N2O
B.CO2 & O3
C.CO2 & CO
D. CFCs & SO2
25) .................. is not an artificial ecosystem.
A. Nursery
B. Forest
C. Dam
D. All of the above
26) Which of the following is the main source of energy in almost all food chains?
A. Sunlight
B. Water
C. Wind
D. Soil

27) …… food chain starts from plants.

A. Grazing
B. Detritus
C. Both of them
D. None of above.

28) The pyramid of numbers represents__________

A. The number of organisms at each trophic level.
B. The energy flow through the ecosystem.
C. The size and volume of organisms at each level.
D. The amount of sunlight available to producers.

29) What does not produce carbon dioxide?

A. Photosynthesis
B. Burning fossil fuels
C. Animal respiration
D. Plant
30) Which plays an important role in nitrogen cycle?
A. Bacteria
B. Carbon
C. Water
 D. Photosynthesis
31) The atmosphere contains ........... which is needed for photosynthesis?
A. Nitrogen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Sulpher
32) In the pyramid of energy, about how much energy is passed on to the next trophic level?
A. 100%
B. 10%
C. 1%
D. 0.1%

33) Which is not a type of ecological pyramid?

A. Number
B. Biomass
C. Energy
D. Oxygen
34) Ecological pyramid is a graphical representation in the form of pyramid showing the
feeding relationship of groups of organisms. (True/ False)

35) Energy flows in an ecosystem from producers to consumers and eventually to decomposers.
(True / False)?
36) Give the definition of Environment.
 Environment can be defined as:
I. Environment refers to the sum total of condition which surrounds human being at
a given point in space and time.
II. Environment refers is the sum of all social, ecological, biological, physical or
chemical factors which constitute the surrounding of man.
III. Environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living and non-living
elements and their effects that influence human life. While all living or biotic
elements are animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds, non-living or abiotic
elements include water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.
37) Biogeochemical cycles are also known as ……..

A. Cycles of matter
B. Gaseous cycle
C. Sedimentary cycle
D. None of above
 38) Which of the following is considered a biotic component of an ecosystem?
A. Animals
B. Soil
C. Sunlight
D. Minerals
39) Which of the following is the source of carbon to plants
A. Atmospheric CO2
B. CO2 of carbonate rocks
C. Fossils
D. All Of the above
40) Which of the following contribute to the carbon cycle ?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Fossil fuel combustion
D. All of the above
41) Biogeochemical cycles are of
A. Two types
B. Three types
C. Four types
D. Five types
42) The objective of environmental education is
A. Raise consciousness about environmental conditions
B. To teach environmentally appropriate behavior
C. Create an Environmental ethic that fosters awareness about the ecological inter-
dependence of economic, social and political factors in a human community and the
environment
D. All of the above

43) The concept of ecological pyramid was first proposed by

A. E.P. Odum
B. A.G. Tansley
C. Juday
D. Charles Elton
44) Which of the following pyramids is always upright?
A. Pyramid of number
B. Age structure
C. Pyramid of energy
D. Pyramid of biomass
45) A graphical representation of number of individuals of different species belonging to each
trophic level in an ecosystem is known as
A. Ecological pyramid
B. Pyramid of energy
C. Pyramid of number
D. Pyramid of biomass
46) In which part of the atmosphere, ozone layer is present?
A. Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere
47) How many types of ecological pyramids are there?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
48) Which of the following shows the numbers of the producers, herbivores and the carnivores
at their successive trophic levels?
A. Food web
B. Food chain
C. Pyramid of biomass
D. Pyramid of numbers
49) Troposphere and Thermosphere belong to
A. Atmosphere
B. Lithosphere
C. Hydrosphere
D. Biosphere
50) Energy flow in an ecosystem is always
A. Unidirectional
B. Cyclic
C. Reversible
D. Multi-directional
51) Fossil fuels are .
A. Renewable
B. Non-Renewable
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. All of the above
52) Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
A. Coal
B. Sun
C. Petroleum
D. Both (A) and (C)
53) Biotic components are classified into
A. Producer
B. Consumers
C. Decomposers
D. All of the above
54) Which is the most input of waste causing marine pollution?
A. Pesticides
B. Pipes directly discharge waste into the sea
C. Death of aquatic organisms
D. Climatic conditions

55) Living things in an environment is known as

A. Abiotic elements
B. Biotic elements
C. Animals and microorganism
D. Plants