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Tutorial Questions for Chapter Two (1)

The document contains a series of tutorial questions related to energy, heat transfer, power calculations, and work interactions in various physical systems. It covers topics such as potential energy, torque, power generation, and the behavior of gases in piston-cylinder assemblies. Each question requires calculations or conceptual understanding of thermodynamics and mechanics.

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gonfreccs918
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2 views

Tutorial Questions for Chapter Two (1)

The document contains a series of tutorial questions related to energy, heat transfer, power calculations, and work interactions in various physical systems. It covers topics such as potential energy, torque, power generation, and the behavior of gases in piston-cylinder assemblies. Each question requires calculations or conceptual understanding of thermodynamics and mechanics.

Uploaded by

gonfreccs918
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial Questions for Chapter Two

1. What is total energy? Identify the different forms of energy that constitute the total
energy.
2. What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?
3. Calculate the total potential energy, in kJ, of an object with a mass of 350 kg when it is
30 m above a datum level at a location where standard gravitational acceleration exists.
4. Determine the power transmitted through the shaft of a car when the torque applied is
200 N·m and the shaft rotates at a rate of 4000 revolutions per minute (rpm).
5. A well-insulated electric oven is being heated through its heating element. If the entire
oven, including the heating element, is taken to be the system, determine whether this
is a heat or work interaction.
6. When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and when is it work?
7. A small electrical motor produces 5 W of mechanical power. What is this power in (a)
N, m, and s units; and (b) kg, m, and s units?
8. A model aircraft internal-combustion engine pro duces 10 W of power. How much
power is this in horsepower (hp)?
9. Determine the torque (in Joules) applied to the shaft of a car that transmits 450 hp and
rotates at a rate of 3000 rpm.
10. An object whose mass is 400 kg is located at an elevation of 25 m above the surface of
the earth. For g 9.78 m/s2, determine the gravitational potential energy of the object, in
kJ, relative to the surface of the earth.
11. Determine the power required to accelerate a 900-kg car from rest to a velocity of 80
km/h in 20 s on a level road.
12. Electric power is to be generated by installing a hydraulic turbine–generator at a site
120 m below the free surface of a large water reservoir that can supply water at a rate
of 2400 kg/s steadily. Determine the power generation potential
13. A person gets into an elevator at the lobby level of a hotel together with his 30-kg
suitcase and gets out at the 10th floor 35 m above. Determine the amount of energy
consumed by the motor of the elevator that is now stored in the suitcase.
14. A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is turned on and kept on for 50 min.
Determine the amount of energy transferred to the room by the heater.
15. Determine the work required to deflect a linear spring with a spring constant of 70 kN/m
by 20 cm from its rest position.
16. An automobile has a mass of 1200 kg. What is its kinetic energy, in kJ, relative to the
road when traveling at a velocity of 50 km/h? If the vehicle accelerates to 100 km/h,
what is the change in kinetic energy, in kJ?
17. A gas in a piston–cylinder assembly undergoes an expansion for which 𝑝𝑉 𝑛 =
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡. The initial pressure is 3 bar, the initial volume is 0.1 m3, and the final volume
is 0.2 m3. Determine the work for the process, in kJ, if (a) n =1.5, (b) n = 1.0, and (c) n
= 0.
18. One-fourth kg of a gas contained within a piston–cylinder assembly undergoes a
constant-pressure process at 5 bars beginning at 0.20 m3/kg. For the gas as the system,
the work is -15 kJ. Determine the final volume of the gas, in m3.
19. A gas is compressed from V1 = 0.3 m3, p1 = 1 bar to V2 = 0.1 m3, p2 = 3 bar. Pressure
and volume are related linearly during the process. For the gas, find the work, in kJ.
20. A gas expands from an initial state where p1 = 500 kPa and V1 = 0.1 m3 to a final state
where p2 = 100 kPa. The relationship between pressure and volume during the process
is pV = constant. Sketch the process on a p–V diagram and determine the work, in kJ.
21. A 12-V automotive storage battery is charged with a constant current of 2 amp for 24
h. If electricity costs $0.08 per kW.h, determine the cost of recharging the battery.
22. A 1200 hp engine drives a car with a speed of 100 km/h. Find the force between the
tires and the road?
23. An electric motor draws a current of 10 Amps with a voltage of 110 V. The output shaft
develops a torque of 10.2 Nm and a rotational speed of 1000 rpm. For operation at
steady state, determine
a. the electric power required by the motor and the power developed by the output
shaft, each in kW.
b. the net power input to the motor, in kW.
c. the amount of energy transferred to the motor by electrical work and the amount
of energy transferred out of the motor by the shaft, in during 2 h of operation.
24. For your lifestyle, estimate the monthly cost of operating the following household
items: microwave oven, refrigerator, an air conditioner, personal computer, hand-held
hair drier or a hair barbering machine, a 100-W light bulb. Assume the cost of electricity
is $0.08 per kW.h.
25. Air is compressed from V1 = 0.09 m3 to V2 = 0.03 m3. The relation between pressure
and volume during the process is P = -14 V+2.44, where the units of P and V are Pa
and m3 respectively. For the gas, find the work, in kJ

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