Request Message Structure:

1. Request Line: GET /example/resource HTTP/1.1

o Includes:
 GET (3 bytes) + space (1 byte)
 /example/resource (16 bytes) + space (1 byte)
 HTTP/1.1 (8 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
o Total: 3+1+16+1+8+2=31 bytes3 + 1 + 16 + 1 + 8 + 2 = 31 \, \
text{bytes}3+1+16+1+8+2=31bytes
2. Headers:
o Each header includes the name, colon, space, value, and CRLF.

Accept: application/json

o Accept (6 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + application/json (16 bytes) +

CRLF (2 bytes)
o Total: 6+1+1+16+2=26 bytes6 + 1 + 1 + 16 + 2 = 26 \, \
text{bytes}6+1+1+16+2=26bytes

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36

(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36

o User-Agent (10 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte)

o Value: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36
(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 (104 bytes) +
CRLF (2 bytes)
o Total: 10+1+1+104+2=118 bytes10 + 1 + 1 + 104 + 2 = 118 \, \
text{bytes}10+1+1+104+2=118bytes

Host: www.example.com

o Host (4 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + www.example.com (15 bytes) +

CRLF (2 bytes)
o Total: 4+1+1+15+2=23 bytes4 + 1 + 1 + 15 + 2 = 23 \, \
text{bytes}4+1+1+15+2=23bytes
3. End of Headers:
o After all headers, an extra CRLF is required to indicate the end of the header
section.
o Total: 2 bytes2 \, \text{bytes}2bytes

Total Size:

Adding all components together:

 Request Line: 31 bytes31 \, \text{bytes}31bytes

 Headers:
 o Accept: 26 bytes26 \, \text{bytes}26bytes
o User-Agent: 118 bytes118 \, \text{bytes}118bytes
o Host: 23 bytes23 \, \text{bytes}23bytes
 End of Headers: 2 bytes2 \, \text{bytes}2bytes

Total Size=31+26+118+23+2=200 bytes\text{Total Size} = 31 + 26 + 118 + 23 + 2 = 200 \, \

text{bytes}Total Size=31+26+118+23+2=200bytes

Final Answer:

The total size of the HTTP request message is 200 bytes.

2. answer

1. Request Line:
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1

 GET (3 bytes) + space (1 byte)

 /index.html (11 bytes) + space (1 byte)
 HTTP/1.1 (8 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)

Size of Request Line = 3+1+11+1+8+2=26 bytes3 + 1 + 11 + 1 + 8 + 2 = 26 \, \

text{bytes}3+1+11+1+8+2=26bytes

2. Headers:

Each header includes the header name, a colon (:), a space, the header value, and ends with
CRLF (2 bytes). Let’s calculate each header's size:

Host: www.example.com

 Host (4 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + www.example.com (15 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 4+1+1+15+2=23 bytes4 + 1 + 1 + 15 + 2 = 23 \, \text{bytes}4+1+1+15+2=23bytes

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0

 User-Agent (10 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + Mozilla/5.0 (11 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 10+1+1+11+2=25 bytes10 + 1 + 1 + 11 + 2 = 25 \, \text{bytes}10+1+1+11+2=25bytes
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8

 Accept (6 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + value (53 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 6+1+1+53+2=63 bytes6 + 1 + 1 + 53 + 2 = 63 \, \text{bytes}6+1+1+53+2=63bytes

Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5

 Accept-Language (15 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + value (17 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 15+1+1+17+2=36 bytes15 + 1 + 1 + 17 + 2 = 36 \, \text{bytes}15+1+1+17+2=36bytes

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

 Accept-Encoding (15 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + value (13 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 15+1+1+13+2=32 bytes15 + 1 + 1 + 13 + 2 = 32 \, \text{bytes}15+1+1+13+2=32bytes

Connection: keep-alive

 Connection (10 bytes) + : (1 byte) + space (1 byte) + value (10 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)
Size = 10+1+1+10+2=24 bytes10 + 1 + 1 + 10 + 2 = 24 \, \text{bytes}10+1+1+10+2=24bytes

Circulation in full or part is RICTLY PROHIBITED

 Header text (47 bytes) + CRLF (2 bytes)

Size = 47+2=49 bytes47 + 2 = 49 \, \text{bytes}47+2=49bytes

3. End of Headers:

After the headers, an extra CRLF (2 bytes) marks the end of the header section.

Total Size:

Now we sum up all the components:

 Request Line: 26 bytes26 \, \text{bytes}26bytes

 Headers:
o Host: 23 bytes23 \, \text{bytes}23bytes
o User-Agent: 25 bytes25 \, \text{bytes}25bytes
o Accept: 63 bytes63 \, \text{bytes}63bytes
o Accept-Language: 36 bytes36 \, \text{bytes}36bytes
o Accept-Encoding: 32 bytes32 \, \text{bytes}32bytes
o Connection: 24 bytes24 \, \text{bytes}24bytes
o Circulation: 49 bytes49 \, \text{bytes}49bytes
  End of Headers: 2 bytes2 \, \text{bytes}2bytes

Total Size=26+23+25+63+36+32+24+49+2=280 bytes\text{Total Size} = 26 + 23 + 25 + 63 + 36 + 32 + 24 +

49 + 2 = 280 \, \text{bytes}Total Size=26+23+25+63+36+32+24+49+2=280bytes

Final Answer:

The total size of the HTTP GET request message is 280 bytes.

3. <!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<title>Registration Form</title>

<style>

body {

font-family: Arial, sans-serif;

margin: 20px;

padding: 0;

background-color: #f9f9f9;

} .form-container {

max-width: 400px;

margin: 0 auto;

background: white;

padding: 20px;

border-radius: 8px;
 box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

h2 { text-align: center;

color: #333; }

.form-group { margin-bottom: 15px;

} label { display: block; font-weight: bold;

margin-bottom: 5px; }

input[type="text"], input[type="email"], input[type="number"] {

width: 100%;

padding: 8px;

margin-bottom: 10px;

border: 1px solid #ccc;

border-radius: 4px;

box-sizing: border-box;

.contact-method {

display: flex;

gap: 10px;

margin-bottom: 10px;

}
 .hidden {

display: none;

button {

width: 100%;

padding: 10px;

background-color: #007BFF;

color: white;

border: none;

border-radius: 4px;

font-size: 16px;

cursor: pointer;

button:hover {

background-color: #0056b3;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div class="form-container">

<h2>Registration Form</h2>
 <form id="registration-form">

<div class="form-group">

<label for="name">Full Name</label>

<input type="text" id="name" name="name" placeholder="Enter your name"

required>

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label>Preferred Contact Method</label>

<div class="contact-method">

<label><input type="radio" name="contact" value="email"> Email</label>

<label><input type="radio" name="contact" value="phone"> Phone</label>

<label><input type="radio" name="contact" value="mail"> Mail</label>

</div>

</div>

<div id="email-input" class="form-group hidden">

<label for="email">Email Address</label>

<input type="email" id="email" name="email" placeholder="Enter your email">

</div>

<div id="phone-input" class="form-group hidden">

<label for="phone">Phone Number</label>

 <input type="number" id="phone" name="phone" placeholder="Enter your phone
number">

</div>

<div id="mail-input" class="form-group hidden">

<label for="street">Street Address</label>

<input type="text" id="street" name="street" placeholder="Enter your street address">

<label for="city">City</label>

<input type="text" id="city" name="city" placeholder="Enter your city">

<label for="state">State</label>

<input type="text" id="state" name="state" placeholder="Enter your state">

<label for="zip">ZIP Code</label>

<input type="number" id="zip" name="zip" placeholder="Enter your ZIP code">

</div>

<button type="submit">Submit</button>

</form>

</div>

<script>

const contactMethodRadios = document.querySelectorAll('input[name="contact"]');

const emailInput = document.getElementById('email-input');

const phoneInput = document.getElementById('phone-input');

const mailInput = document.getElementById('mail-input');

 contactMethodRadios.forEach(radio => {

radio.addEventListener('change', () => {

emailInput.classList.add('hidden');

phoneInput.classList.add('hidden');

mailInput.classList.add('hidden');

if (radio.value === 'email') {

emailInput.classList.remove('hidden');

} else if (radio.value === 'phone') {

phoneInput.classList.remove('hidden');

} else if (radio.value === 'mail') {

mailInput.classList.remove('hidden');

});

});

</script>

</body>

</html>

4. <!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<title>Payment Method Form</title>

<style>

body {

font-family: Arial, sans-serif;

margin: 20px;

.hidden {

display: none;

.form-group {

margin-bottom: 15px;

label {

display: block;

margin-bottom: 5px;

input, textarea, button {

width: 100%;

padding: 8px;

margin-bottom: 10px;

border: 1px solid #ccc;

border-radius: 4px;
 }

button {

background-color: #4CAF50;

color: white;

border: none;

cursor: pointer;

button:hover {

background-color: #45a049;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Select Your Payment Method</h1>

<form id="paymentForm">

<div class="form-group">

<label>

<input type="radio" name="paymentMethod" value="creditCard"> Credit Card

</label>

<label>

<input type="radio" name="paymentMethod" value="paypal"> PayPal

</label>

<label>
 <input type="radio" name="paymentMethod" value="bitcoin"> Bitcoin

</label>

</div>

<div id="creditCardFields" class="hidden">

<div class="form-group">

<label for="ccNumber">Credit Card Number</label>

<input type="text" id="ccNumber" name="ccNumber">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label for="ccExpiry">Expiration Date</label>

<input type="text" id="ccExpiry" name="ccExpiry" placeholder="MM/YY">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label for="ccCVV">CVV</label>

<input type="text" id="ccCVV" name="ccCVV">

</div>

</div>

<div id="paypalFields" class="hidden">

<div class="form-group">

<label for="paypalEmail">PayPal Email</label>

<input type="email" id="paypalEmail" name="paypalEmail">

 </div>

</div>

<div id="bitcoinFields" class="hidden">

<div class="form-group">

<label for="bitcoinAddress">Bitcoin Address</label>

<textarea id="bitcoinAddress" name="bitcoinAddress" rows="3"></textarea>

</div>

</div>

<button type="submit">Submit</button>

</form>

<script>

const paymentForm = document.getElementById('paymentForm');

const creditCardFields = document.getElementById('creditCardFields');

const paypalFields = document.getElementById('paypalFields');

const bitcoinFields = document.getElementById('bitcoinFields');

paymentForm.addEventListener('change', (event) => {

const selectedMethod = event.target.value;

// Hide all fields initially

 creditCardFields.classList.add('hidden');

paypalFields.classList.add('hidden');

bitcoinFields.classList.add('hidden');

// Show fields based on the selected payment method

if (selectedMethod === 'creditCard') {

creditCardFields.classList.remove('hidden');

} else if (selectedMethod === 'paypal') {

paypalFields.classList.remove('hidden');

} else if (selectedMethod === 'bitcoin') {

bitcoinFields.classList.remove('hidden');

});

</script>

</body>

</html>

5. To analyze the given scenario, we use queueing theory concepts, particularly the M/M/1
queue model (if only one server is processing requests) or M/M/c queue model (if there are
multiple servers or processing threads). Let's break down each part of the problem:

(a) Average number of requests being processed concurrently

The number of requests being processed concurrently is determined by the utilization factor ρ\
rhoρ, which represents the fraction of time the server is busy:

ρ=λ⋅Ts\rho = \lambda \cdot T_sρ=λ⋅Ts

Where:
  λ=1000 requests/second\lambda = 1000 \, \text{requests/second}λ=1000requests/second
(arrival rate),
 Ts=5 ms=0.005 seconds/requestT_s = 5 \, \text{ms} = 0.005 \, \text{seconds/request}Ts
=5ms=0.005seconds/request (service time per request).

ρ=1000⋅0.005=5\rho = 1000 \cdot 0.005 = 5ρ=1000⋅0.005=5

Thus, the average number of requests being processed concurrently is:

5\boxed{5}5

(b) Average response time experienced by a client

The average response time TrT_rTr in an M/M/1 queue is given by:

Tr=1μ−λT_r = \frac{1}{\mu - \lambda}Tr=μ−λ1

Where:

 μ=1Ts=10.005=200 requests/second\mu = \frac{1}{T_s} = \frac{1}{0.005} = 200 \, \

text{requests/second}μ=Ts1=0.0051=200requests/second (service rate),
 λ=1000 requests/second\lambda = 1000 \, \text{requests/second}λ=1000requests/second.

Tr=1200−1000=1200−1000=1−800(Clarify negative user)T_r = \frac{1}{200 - 1000} = \frac{1}

{200 - 1000} = \frac{1}{-800} \quad \text{(Clarify negative user)}Tr=200−10001=200−10001
=−8001(Clarify negative user)
6.Answer

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Video Player</title>
</head>
<body>
<video id="myVideo" width="640" height="360" controls>
<source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4">
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
<script>
// Get the video element by its ID
const video = document.getElementById('myVideo');

// a) Display the current time of the video in the console when the play
button is clicked
video.addEventListener('play', () => {
console.log(`Current time: ${video.currentTime} seconds`);
});
// b) Display "Video paused" in an alert message when the pause button is
clicked
video.addEventListener('pause', () => {
alert("Video paused");
});

// c) Display the current volume level in the console when the volume is
changed
video.addEventListener('volumechange', () => {
console.log(`Current volume: ${video.volume}`);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

1. Event Listeners:
o play: Triggered when the video starts playing. The currentTime property of the
video element is logged to the console.
o pause: Triggered when the video is paused. An alert displays the message "Video
paused."
o volumechange: Triggered when the volume is adjusted. The volume property of
the video element is logged to the console.
2. Accessing Video Properties:
o currentTime: Provides the current playback position in seconds.
o volume: Represents the volume level as a value between 0.0 (muted) and 1.0
(full volume).

7. Answer
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Audio Editor</title>
</head>
<body>
<audio id="myAudio" controls>
<source src="audio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
<div>
<label for="startTime">Start Time (seconds):</label>
<input type="text" id="startTime" value="0">
<label for="endTime">End Time (seconds):</label>
<input type="text" id="endTime" value="0">
<button id="cutButton">Cut Audio</button>
</div>
<script>
// Get references to elements
const audio = document.getElementById('myAudio');
const startTimeInput = document.getElementById('startTime');
const endTimeInput = document.getElementById('endTime');
const cutButton = document.getElementById('cutButton');
 // Add event listener for the cut button
cutButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
// Get start and end times from user input
const startTime = parseFloat(startTimeInput.value);
const endTime = parseFloat(endTimeInput.value);

// Validate input
if (isNaN(startTime) || isNaN(endTime) || startTime < 0 || endTime
<= startTime || endTime > audio.duration) {
alert("Please enter valid start and end times.");
return;
}

// Set the audio to the start time and play it

audio.currentTime = startTime;
audio.play();

// Stop the audio at the end time

const stopAudioAtEndTime = () => {
if (audio.currentTime >= endTime) {
audio.pause();
audio.removeEventListener('timeupdate',
stopAudioAtEndTime); // Clean up the event listener
}
};

// Add an event listener to check the current time while playing

audio.addEventListener('timeupdate', stopAudioAtEndTime);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

1. Input Validation:
o The start and end times are validated to ensure they are numbers, the start time is
non-negative, the end time is greater than the start time, and the end time does not
exceed the duration of the audio.
2. Playing the Audio Segment:
o The currentTime property of the audio element is set to the user-defined
startTime.
o The play() method starts playback from the startTime.
3. Stopping Playback:
o The timeupdate event listener checks the current playback time.
o If the currentTime exceeds or equals the endTime, the audio is paused using the
pause() method, and the timeupdate listener is removed to avoid unnecessary
checks.

This ensures that only the specified segment of the audio is played.