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Chapter 15B HW

The document contains exercises related to waves on strings, including calculations of average power, sound intensity, and the effects of wave interference. It discusses concepts such as normal modes, resonance frequencies, and the behavior of waves under tension. Additionally, it poses problems involving the physical properties of materials, such as tension in a steel wire and the speed of waves in different contexts.

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sngy03
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18 views12 pages

Chapter 15B HW

The document contains exercises related to waves on strings, including calculations of average power, sound intensity, and the effects of wave interference. It discusses concepts such as normal modes, resonance frequencies, and the behavior of waves under tension. Additionally, it poses problems involving the physical properties of materials, such as tension in a steel wire and the speed of waves in different contexts.

Uploaded by

sngy03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Exercise 15.22 107 ‘aa Roviow | Constants Apiano wire with mass 3.50 g and length 76.0 cm part is stretched witha tension of 27.0 N. Awave wth frequency 120 Hz and amplitude 1.70 mim travels along the wire. Calculate the average power carried by the wave. [> en ee ERM | Reauest Answer > PartB What happens to the average power i the wave amplitude is halved? Gs eon? P w Request Answer Exercise 15.25 et plane a ako ean produce sound ot intensity 920 W/m? 1130.9 away. But you peter the wanqul sound of noma comers, which s 1.0 W/m. Assume thatthe plane behaves ike a pont souren of und, Porta ‘Watt the closest dltanco you shou Ive tom the airport runway to protowe your peace of ming”? [Express your answor using two significant figures. Pat ‘Wat intent tom the jet does your tend expvence I he ves twice afar rm the runway as you do? ‘Express your answor using two significant gures. Boe oa? cet Ane Pane {at power o sound does heel produce at take? Express your enswer using two significant igures. < 207 sa vow | Constants ‘Two Identical Pulses along a String < a0t7 > Complete (mow | Constante + Pana Two identical pulses are moving in opposite directions along a sae ee ae eae ‘ew ps fe heats ig rt sae ne, ty rage nt endo Soeecua pr re pe se nn en ofc sas tr een pt ne an inthe nT rn ery ete coat Sith neta antes esto =. Se a a a ae Fy A we ae OE Ct a Nc at Ac Vv =a at @ 7 o “we ~o > er ei in Figure tae > ’ ‘Two Identical Pulses along a String < aot > ¥ Complete ‘even | Constants = Pate “wo dential pulses are moving in apposite dectons along a eS sitet sing tat has one eed end andthe er moves, a¢ Shown in ou) {Conese th pin whore th we puss iar to overlap, point On Eau 2) Whats the placement of pont Qasthse pls itrero? Above each pls a green aw neath dkecton of motion > View Avaliable Hints) ofthe puso, ivares win ee, remain 200 "doponds on ho (antes ampstude of he puis. itis zero only whan the pulses bog fo overap eis Answers Y Correct + pane Figure <) 202 ¥ Wy does destructive Itrerence accu when the wo pulses overlap instead const neerence? because the pues are ravling opposite recone = cause a pulse is inverted upon election , boca the pulses ae ideal and cancel each otor cut a because constuctve ineetencecozus nly when the pulses have the same amptse Previous Answers ~ PartD v As the pulses interfere destructively there is a point in time when the string is perfectly straight. Which of the following statements is true at this moment? The energy of the string is zero. The string is not moving either up or down. The string has only kinetic energy. Previous Answers Y Correct When you apply a force to a string to produce a pulse, work is done on the string and eneray is stored in it. As the pulse travels along the string, this energy is transported. In particular, this energy is converted back and forth between kinetic and potential energy as the particles in the string oscillate. When destructive interference occurs and the string is momentarily straight, it does not mean that the string has zero energy. Rather, the energy transported by the pulses has been completely converted into kinetic energy. A short time later, the pulses will be reconstituted. Creating Standing Wave «407 > Leaning Gout: pana {reno wo eaveng waves oft se cacy cme a sang erie arava nen tbe he ems inlet) = Asin(he ot), “Ws ean mp esr be tr alacant ig, et ea ele pale mnt nyc ory tbr © Te neve raven ihe —2 eto, ‘Sober pnyes antes aes menor ott lounger atauth ave urbe ihe plan nod cee? © Tenmestaeing mie $2 ecton. © enmatnag artis tine neon reser gens amateraica exensen aw othe sane ample ht {epacenen any #) nie doutbesin a pen mena tga cpon crate? Aine = hs ow nave shoul hae Pe sae © Acow(he ut) © Acasthe +48) © Asie — at) © Anite +0) EE ent eee Conats ‘epic! saosin sas lan clos ech start ty he na ab, ei sumo dere) aso ees mae oun Th ce ows om ea hat ray in he woven rer nt agit He mae Cea ml ro wns (4) + (0. 2) 0a mae tbe Pat Aan ea he maedozrtedn Pat, Thane nasa ne chun sath sun abet a aoe: alent. ‘Tus tom stone (2). clee eros, Spo non Oto. (pent on ontme. Taney. Pe ne tn taken |Obea Yorn Lon MUNN P's Owens te wa wt Fa (2). mle ay (2) ant!) Ragp einai (0) a saree cnet amps apes your aawerain terms A, 2. (rake real. an.Spante the we ction wh crn. > vw Arata ne) (BG) .-oa- sono La} + Pao neh oa enn stern sou essere wae) ee? © Thewen bain nie + eect © Teno etlngnte = ecten (© Tse seagate taeg (©. Thaw waving it txts + Pate [Nite poston x = 0, whats he diplcarent fh sting (assuming hat he stag wave y, (2 is reser)? Express your anewer interme of parameters given inthe problem intaduction. se om? + pane ‘Acorain mes, sting wa bo percty Sraght Fi horse fs > O whan isto. Express Informs of wk and necessary constants. > View Aviad Hin From Past Fwe know thal he sing i pete tai te: “E,W oft foloningsalments des the abr’ bong sigh inp ato he energy serene sng? ery wi ow ote ting, casa the sancng wave to fom as es te. Athough te Sings stage tne f= = pats athe sug have nore velo, Theres, heels energy sred inte sting, «4 Theol mechancal energy nthe sting osiatas ut constant averaged over complete yee os oe oe oa + Why the Highest Piano Notes Have Short Strings “The sice used fr piano wire hs a breaking (ens) strength pr of about 3 x 10” N/m? and a density pof 7800 kg/m? < 8017 ‘mt Raview | Constants Part A |What isthe speed v of a wave traveling down such a wir if the wie i stretched to ts breaking point? Express the speed of the wave numerically, in meters per second, to the nearest integer. > View Available Hint(s) Part B Imagine tha he wire described in he problem introduction is used forthe highest G ona piano (C8 * 4000 He). the wire fin tune ‘when stretched tits breaking point, what must the vibrating length ofthe wire be? Express the length numerically, in centimeters, using three significant figures. > View Avaliable Hint(s) Normal Modes and Resonance Frequencies ‘Learning Goal: “Te understand the concept of normal movies of escation and to derive some proporties of normal modes of wavos ona sting ‘Anormal mode of a cosed system is an osciation of the ‘system in which al parts osclate at a single frequency In goneral there are an infite number of such modes, ‘each one wih a distinctive frequency f, and associated patton of oscilaton. Consider an example of a system with normal modes: a ‘ring of length held ed at bth ends, located at 2 =O and 2 = L. Assume thal waves on this tng propagate with speed v. The sting extends inthe x ‘ection, and the waves are transverse with cdsplacement along the y direction. In this problem, you wil investigate the shape ofthe ‘normal modes and then the requency. “Tho normal modes of his systom aro products of ‘igonometie funtion. (For linear systoms, the time ‘sependance of & normal made s aways sinusoidal, but the spatial éepondence need not be.) Specially for this system anormal mode is described by y(a,t) = A; sin (273) sin(2nf,t). < 607 > 1m Feview | Constants Panta “The sting describ in the problem introduction is oscating in one ofits normal modes. Which ofthe folowing statements about the wave in the sting is comect? > View Available Hint(s) © The waves traveling in the +x ys 4) = wilt) A, must be chosen so that the wave is exactly onthe string ° © Any one of A; oF A orf, can be chosen to make the solution anormal mode, ‘Request Answer + pane Fn th ho longest wavolongths (al thor As, Aa, ancl Ay) that “it onthe Sng, thats, those that sat the boundary ondtons at [Express the thee wavelengths in terms of List them in decreasing order of length, separated by commas. and z= L. Those longest waveongths have the lowes equoncos. > View Available Hin) “he aqua tach nom mde pad on he pata par the wave functor which character wavelength A Fg ne eqns ff th noma nose Express fn terme of ts parcular wavelength) nthe peed of propagation of he wav > View aval Hints) hes (reins Anes Y correct ‘re Reger f,ae he ony Hequercis a wich the est cancel. he sting sexed toe hese resonance aque wl spond by ox ne patom gen by (a -at wth ‘avlngl aitocted wn a nichts ected nquantun mechs hee recienies r cald hw agnfguences hin ae equa ney fat nae ied by Mars cnsat nS wt Pans conte to ve = 6.63% 10" 5 pete Fnd the thre lowest normal made requenci fu, fa and fs Express the tequencies in terms of Lv, end any constants. List them in increasing order, separated by commas. Problem 15.77 Aunitorm cylindrical steel wire, 52.0 em long and 1.12 mm in diameter, is fixed at both ends. <) 7017 ‘mu view | Constants + Pata ‘To what tension must it be adjusted so that, when vibrating in ts first overtone, it produces the note D of frequency $11 ‘Hz? Assume that it stretches an insignificant amount. (Hint: The density of the stee! is 7800 kg/m°.) Express your answer using two significant figures. MQ. ca: ‘

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