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The document contains various mathematical problems and solutions related to relations and functions for 10th-grade mathematics. It includes examples of Cartesian products, domain and range identification, and function evaluations. The content is structured with problems followed by solutions, demonstrating key concepts in set theory and functions.

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Maths?

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www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.

Com

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

14 15 16
B × A = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {1, 2, 3} 7. L
et A = {1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 45} and R be the –6 x2 + 12x – 6 = 0 ÷ –6 i.A × ( B C)=(A × B) (A × C) (B × B) (C × C)
1. Relations and Functions = {(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), relation defined as “is square of a number” x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 B C = {0,1} {1, 2} = {0, 1, 2} = {(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)} ..... (2)
2 Marks (3, 3), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (7, 1), on A. Write R as a subset of A×A. Also, find (x – 1) (x – 1) = 0 x = 1, 1 A × (B C) From (1) and (2). LHS = RHS
(7, 2), (7, 3)} the domain and range of R. SEP-21 = {2, 3} × {0, 1, 2}
1. I f A×B = {(3, 2), (3, 4), (5, 2), (5, 4)} then find 11. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = N. 4. G
iven A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {2, 3, 5},
A and B. 4. I f B × A = {(−2, 3), (−2, 4), (0, 3), (0, 4), Solution: = {(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
SEP-20 Let f : A→ B be defined by f(x) = x3 then, C = {3, 4} and D = {1, 3, 5}, check if
Solution: (3, 3), (3, 4)} find A and B. A = {1, 2, 3, …., 45} (i) find the range of f (ii) identify the type of ..... (1) (A C) × (B D) = (A×B) (C × D) is true?
A×B = {(3, 2), (3, 4), (5, 2), (5, 4)} then Solution: R = {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25), function. A × B = {2, 3} ×{0, 1} Solution:
A = {Set of all first coordinates of elements of A = {Set of all second coordinates of elements (6, 36)} = (2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (3, 1)}
Solution: A C = {1, 2, 3} {3, 4}
A × B} A = {3, 5} of B × A} A = {3, 4} R (A × A) A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = N A × C = {2, 3} × {1, 2} A C = {3},
B = {Set of all second coordinates of elements B = {Set of all first coordinates of elements of Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} f : A → B, f(x) = x3 = {(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)} B D = {2, 3, 5} {1, 3, 5}
of A × B} B = {2, 4} B × A} B = {–2, 0, 3} Range of R = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36} f(1) = (1)3 = 1; f(2) = (2)3 = 8; (A × B ) (A × C ) B D = {3, 5}
Thus A = {3, 5} and B = {2, 4} Thus, A = {3, 4} B = {–2, 0, 3} Relation R is given by the set {(x, y) /y = x +
8. A f(3) = (3)3 = 27; f(4) = (4)3 = 64 = {(2,0), (2,1), (3, 0), (3,1) } {(2,1), (2, 2), (A C) × (B D)

et
2. Find A × B, A × A and B × A 5. T
he arrow diagram shows a relationship 3, x {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}}. Determine its domain i) Range of f ={1, 8, 27, 64} (3, 1), (3, 2)} = {3} × {3, 5} = {(3, 3), (3, 5)} ..... (1)
i) A={2, −2, 3} and B = {1,−4} between the sets P and Q. Write the relation and range. ii) It is one-one and into function. = {(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3,0) , (3, 1), (3, 2)} A × B = {1, 2, 3} × {2, 3, 5}
ii) A = B = {p, q} in Solution: ..... (2) = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1,5), (2, 2), (2, 3),

i.N

i.N
5 Marks
iii) A = {m, n} ; B = f x = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} From (1) = (2). (2, 5),(3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5)}
f(x) = y = x + 3 1. If A = {1, 3, 5} and B = {2, 3} then C × D = {3, 4} × {1, 3, 5}
Solution: A × (B C)=(A × B) (A × C) is verified.
i. A × B = {2, –2, 3} × {1, –4} f(0) = 3; f(1) = 4; f(2) = 5; (i) find A×B and B×A. = {(3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 1), (4, 3),
ii. A × ( B C) = (A × B) (A × C)

la
= {(2, 1), (2, –4), (–2, 1), (–2, –4), (3, 1), f(3) = 6; f(4) = 7; f(5) = 8 (ii) Is A×B = B×A? If not why? (4, 5)}
B C = {0, 1} {1, 2} = {1}
(3, –4)} (i) Set builder form (ii) Roster form R = {(0, 3), (1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (5, 8)} (iii) Show that n(A×B) = n(B×A) = n(A)× n(B) (A × B) (C × D) = {(3, 3), (3, 5)} ..... (2)
A × (B C ) = {2, 3} × {1}
A × A = {2, –2, 3} × {2, –2, 3} Domain of R = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (1), (2) are equal.

sa
SEP-21
(iii) What is the domain and range of R. = {(2, 1), (3, 1)} ..... (1)
= {(2, 2), (2, –2), (2, 3), (–2, 2), (–2, –2), Range of R = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} Solution: (A C) × (B D) = (A × B) (C × D)
Solution: A × B = {2, 3} × {0, 1}
(–2, 3), (3, 2), (3, –2), (3, 3)} Given that A = {1, 3, 5} and B = {2, 3} Hence it is verified.
i. Set builder form of R = {(x, y) | y = x – 2, x P, iven the function f: x → x2 − 5x + 6, evaluate
9. G = {(2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (3, 1)}
B × A = {1, –4} ×{2, –2, 3} i. A × B = {1, 3, 5} ×{2 × 3}
da

da
y Q} (i) f (–1) (ii) f (2a) (iii) f (2) (iv) f (x −1) A × C = {2, 3} × {1, 2} 5. Let A = {x W | x < 2}, B = {x N |1 < x ≤ 4}
= {(1, 2), (1, –2), (1, 3), (–4, 2), (–4, –2), = {(1,2), (1,3), (3,2), (3,3), (5,2), (5,3)} and C = {3, 5}. Verify that
ii. Roster form R = {(5, 3), (6, 4), (7, 5)} Solution: = {(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
(–4, 3)} (i) A×(B C) = (A×B) (A×C)
Given: f: x → x2 – 5x + 6 ………(1)
iii. Domain of R = {5, 6, 7} and range of (A × B) (A × C)
ii. Given A = B = {p, q} f(x) = x2 – 5x + 6 B × A = {2 × 3} × {1, 3, 5} (ii) A×(B C)=(A×B) (A×C) SEP-21
Pa

Pa
R = {3, 4, 5} = {(2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (3, 1)} ∩ {(2, 1), (2, 2),
A × B = {p, q} × {p, q} = {(2,1), (2,3), (2,5), (3,1), (3,3), (3,5)} (iii) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C)
i. f(–1) = (–1)2 – 5(–1) + 6 (3, 1), (3, 2)}
= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p),(q ,q)} 6. L
et X = {1, 2, 3, 4} and Y = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and ………(2) Solution:
R = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8)}. Show that R = 1+5+6 = {(2, 1), (3, 1)} ..... (2)
A × A = {p, q} × p, q} ii. From (1) and (2) we conclude that Given:
is a function and find its domain, co-domain = 12 (1) = (2)
= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p),(q ,q)}
w.

w.
A × B ≠ B × A as (1, 2) ≠ (2, 1) and A = {x W / x < 2} A = {0, 1}
and range? ii. f(2a) = (2a)2 – 5(2a) + 6 A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
B × A = {p, q} × {p, q} (1, 3) ≠ (3, 1) etc B = {x N / 1< x ≤ 4}
= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p),(q ,q)} Solution: = 4a2 – 10a + 6 Hence it is Verified
iii. n(A) = 3; n(B) = 2 B = {2, 3, 4}; C = {3, 5}
iii. f(2) = (2)2 – 5(2) + 6 3. I f A = {5, 6}, B = {4, 5, 6}, C = {5, 6, 7}, Show
ww

ww
iii. A = {m, n}, B = φ From (1) and (2) we observe that, i. A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
= 4 –10 + 6 that A × A = (B × B) (C × C).
A × B = {(m, n) × { } = { } n(A × B) = n(B × A) = 6; B C = {2, 3, 4} { 3, 5}
= 0 Solution:
A × A = {(m, n) } × {m, n} We see that, n(A) × n(B) = 3 × 2 = 6 B C = {2, 3, 4, 5}
= {(m, m), (m, n), (n, m), (n,n)} iv. f(x – 1) = (x – 1)2 – 5(x – 1) + 6 Given A = {5, 6}, B = {4, 5, 6}, C = {5, 6, 7}
Thus, n(A × B) = n(B × A) = n(A) × n(B). A×(B C) = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4, 5}
B × A = { } × {m, n} = { } = x2 – 2x + 1 – 5x + 5 + 6 LHS: ={(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (0, 5), (1, 2),
Pictorial representation of R is given diagram, = x2 – 7x + 12 2. Let A = {x N | 1< x<4}, B = {x W| 0≤x<2} A × A = {5, 6} × {5, 6}
et A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {x | x is a prime
3. L (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5)} ..... (1)
From the diagram, we see that for each and C = {x N | x<3}. Then verify that = {(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)} ..... (1)
number less than 10}. Find A × B and 10. A
function f is defined by f(x) = 3 − 2x. A × B = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4}
x X, there exists only one y Y. (i) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
B × A. MAY-22 Find x such that f(x2) = (f(x))2. RHS = (B × B) (C × C). = {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4)}
Thus all elements in X have only one image in Y. (ii) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
Solution: Solution: B × B = {4, 5, 6} × {4, 5, 6} A × C = {0, 1} × {3, 5}
Therefor R is a function. Solution: = {(4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 4), (5, 5),
A = {1, 2, 3} B = {2, 3, 5, 7} f(x) = 3 – 2x = {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5)}
Domain X = {1, 2, 3, 4} Given A = {x N | 1 < x < 4} = {2, 3}, (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
A × B = {1, 2, 3} × {2, 3, 5, 7} f(x2) = [f(x)]2 (A × B) (A × C)
Co-domain Y = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10} B = {x W | 0 ≤ x < 2} = {0, 1}, C × C = {5, 6, 7} × {5, 6, 7}
= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 7), 3 – 2x2 = [3 – 2x]2 = {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0,4), (0,5), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4),
Range of f ={2, 4, 6, 8} C = {x N |x < 3} = {1, 2} = {(5, 5), (5, 6), (5, 7), (6, 5), (6, 6), (1,5)} ..... (2)
(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 5), (2, 7), 3 – 2x2 = 9 + 4x2 – 12x
(3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7)} 3 – 2x2 – 9 – 4x2 + 12x = 0 (6, 7), (7, 5), (7, 6), (7, 7)} (1) = (2) Hence Verified.
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

17 18 19
ii. A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C) ii. To verify A × (B – C)=(A × B) – (A × C) Solution: c) Roster Form person y, express the relation R through an ii) Table
B C ={2, 3, 4} { 3, 5} = {3} B – C = {2, 3, 5, 7} – {2} = {3, 5, 7} Given A = {1, 2, 3, 7} and B = {3, 0, –1, 7} {(2, 1), (4, 2)} ordered pair and an arrow diagram. x 1 2 3 4
A × (B C) = {(0, 3), (1, 3)} ..... (1) A×(B – C) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}×{3, 5, 7} A×B ii. {(x, y)| y = x + 3, Solution: y 2 5 8 11
A × B = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4} = {(1,3), (1,5), (1,7), (2,3), (2,5), = {1, 2, 3, 7} × {3, 0, –1, 7} x, y are natural numbers < 10} a) Ordered Pair:
(2,7), (3,3), (3,5), (3, 7), (4,3), iii) Set of Ordered pairs
= {(0,2), (0,3), (0,4), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4)} = {(1, 3),(1, 0), (1, –1), (1, 7), (2, 3), (2, 0), Solution: {(10000, A1), (10000, A2), (10000, A3), (10000,
(4,5), (4,7), (5,3), (5,5), (5,7), (2, –1), (2, 7), (3, 3), (3, 0), (3, –1), (3, 7), A4), (10000, A5) (25000, C1), (25000, C2), {(1, 2), (2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11)}
A × C = {0,1} × { 3, 5} f (x) = x + 3;
= {(0,3), (0,5), (1,3), (1,5)} (6,3), (6,5), (6,7), (7,3), (7,5), (7, 3), (7, 0), (7, –1), (7, 7)} (25000, C3), (25000, C4), (50000, M1), (50000, iv) Graphical Form
f (1) = 4; f (2) = 5; f (3) = 6;
(A × B) (A × C) = {(0, 3), (1, 3)} ..... (2) (7,7)} ..... (1) i. R1 = {(2, 1), (7, 1)} , (2, 1) R1 M2), (50000, C3) (100000, E1), (100000, E2)}
f (4) = 7; f (5) = 8 ; f (6) =9
(1) = (2). Hence Proved. A × B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} × {2, 3, 5, 7} but (2, 1) A × B b) Arrow Diagram: 12
= {(1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (1,7), (2,2), (2,3), a) An Arrow diagram (4, 11)
R1 is not a relation from A to B. x R y 10
iii. (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C) (2,5), (2,7), (3,2), (3,3), (3,5), (3,7), x R y A1
A B = {0, 1} {2, 3, 4} (4,2), (4,3), (4,5), (4,7), (5,2), (5,3), ii. R2 = {(–1, 1)}, (–1, 1) R2 1 1 8 (3, 8)
A2
= { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4} (5,5), (5,7), (6,2), (6,3), (6,5),(6,7), but (–1, 1) A × B 2 2 10000
et

et
A3 6
(A B) × C = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} × {3, 5} (7,2), (7,3), (7,5), (7,7)} R2 is not a relation from A to B. 3 3 A4 (2, 5)
4
= {(0,3), (0,5), (1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,5), (3,3), A × C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} × {2} A5
iii. R
3 = {(2, –1), (7, 7), (1, 3)} 4 4
i.N

i.N

i.N
(3,5) , (4,3), (4,5)} ..... (1) = {(1,2), (2,2), (3,2), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2), C1 2 (1, 2)
We note that R3 A × B 5 5
A × C = {0, 1} × {3, 5} (7,2)} 25000 C2 0 1
R3 is a relation. 6 6 C3 2 3 4
= {(0,3), (0,5), (1,3), (1,5)} (A × B) – (A × C) 7 7
iv. R4 = {(7, –1), (0, 3), (3, 3), (0, 7)}, (0, 3), C4 12. L
et f be a function f : N → N be defined by
B × C = {2, 3, 4} × {3, 5} = {(1,3), (1,5), (1,7), (2,3), (2,5), (2,7), (3,3),
la

la
(0, 7) R4 but not in A × B. 8 8 f (x) = 3x +2, x N
= {(2,3), (2,5), (3,3), (3,5), (4,3), (4,5)} (3,5), (3,7), (4,3), (4,5), (4,7), (5,3), (5,5), M1
(A × C) (B × C) (5,7), (6,3), (6,5), (6,7), (7,3), (7,5), (7,7)} R4 is not a relation from A to B. 9 9 (i) Find the images of 1, 2, 3
50000 M2
sa

sa
= {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5), ..... (2) 9. R
epresent each of the given relations by (a) b) Graph M3 (ii) Find the pre-images of 29, 53
(3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 3), (4, 5)} ..... (2) (1), (2) are equal. an arrow diagram, (b) a graph and (c) a set (iii) Identify the type of function
9 (6, 9) 100000
A × (B – C) = (A × B) – (A × C). in roster form, wherever possible. E1 Solution:
From (1) and (2) LHS = RHS. (5, 8)
(i) {(x, y)|x = 2y, x {2, 3, 4, 5}, y {1, 2, 3, 4} 8 E2
da

da
Hence it is verified. The function f : N→ N be defined by
6. Let A = The set of all natural numbers less (ii) {(x, y)| y = x + 3,
7. Let A = {3, 4, 7, 8} and B = {1, 7, 10}. Which 7 (4, 6) f(x) = 3x + 2
than 8, B = The set of all prime numbers less x, y are natural numbers < 10}
of the following sets are relations from A to 11. L
et A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14} be i. If x = 1, f(1) = 3(1) + 2 = 5
than 8, C = The set of even prime number. 6 (3, 6)
B? Solution: two sets. Let f : A → B be a function given by If x = 2, f(2) = 3(2) + 2 = 8; If x = 3,
Verify that
Pa

Pa
i. {(x, y)|x = 2y, x {2, 3, 4, 5}, y {1, 2, 3, 4} 5 (2, 5) f(x) = 3x − 1. Represent this function
(i) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C) SEP-20 (i) R1 = {(3, 7), (4, 7), (7, 10), (8, 1)} f(3) = 3(3) + 2 = 11
x = 2y 4 (1, 4) (i) by arrow diagram
(ii) A × (B − C) = (A × B) − (A × C) MAY-22 (ii) R2 = {(3, 1), (4, 12)} (ii) in a table form The images of 1, 2, 3 are 5, 8, 11 respectively.
x 2 3
Solution: (iii) R3 = {(3, 7), (4, 10), (7, 7), (7, 8), (8, 11), f(x) = ; f(2) = = 1; f(3) = ; 3 (iii) as a set of ordered pairs ii. I f x is the pre-image of 29, then f(x) = 29.
2 2 2
w.

w.
Given A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} (8, 7), (8, 10)} 2 (iv) in a graphical form SEP-20 Hence 3x + 2 = 29 ; 3x = 27 x = 9.
4 5
B = {2, 3, 5, 7} C = {2} Solution: f(4) = = 2; f(5) = Similarly, if x is the pre-image of 53 then
2 2 1 Solution:
To verify (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C) A × B = {(3,1), (3,7), (3,10), (4,1), (4,7), f(x) = 53. Hence 3x + 2 = 53
a) An Arrow diagram A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14}
ww

ww
(4,10), (7,1), (7,7), (7,10), (8,1), 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 3x = 53 – 2 3x = 51 x = 17.
A B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} {2, 3, 5, 7} x
R y f(x) = 3x – 1
(8,7), (8,10)} 2 c) Roster Form Thus the pre-image of 29 and 53 are 9 and 17
= {2, 3, 5, 7} 1 f(1) = 3(1) – 1 = 3 – 1 = 2;
i. We note that, R1 A × B. (1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (5, 8), (6, 9)} respectively.
(A B) × C = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {2} 3 2 f(2) = 3(2) – 1 = 6 – 1 = 5 f(3) = 3(3) – 1
Thus R1 is a relation from A and B. iii. S
ince different elements of N have different
(A B) × C = {(2,2), (3,2), (5,2), (7,2)} 4 3 10. A
company has four categories of employees = 9 – 1 = 8;
ii. H
ere (4, 12) R2 , but (4, 12) A × B. given by Assistants (A), Clerks (C), images in the co-domain, the function f is one-
.....(1) 5 4 f(4) = 3(4) – 1 = 12 – 1 = 11.
So R2 is not a relation from A to B. Managers (M) and an Executive Officer (E). one function. The co-domain of f is N. But the
A × C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} × {2} b) Graph R = {(1, 2), (2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11)} range of f = {5, 8, 11, 14, 17,….}is a proper
= {(1,2), (2,2), (3,2), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2), iii. H
ere (7, 8) R3 , but (7, 8) A × B. The company provide ` 10,000, ` 25,000,
` 50,000 and ` 1,00,000 as salaries to the i) Arrow Diagram subset of N . Therefore f is not an onto function.
(7,2)} So R3 is not a relation from A to B. 4 x That is, f is an into function. Thus f is one-one
people who work in the categories A, C, M y
B × C = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {2} 8. L
et A = {1, 2, 3, 7} and B = {3, 0, –1, 7}, which 3 1 2 and into functions.
and E respectively. If A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5
= {(2,2), (3,2), (5,2), (7,2)} of the following are relation from A to B ? (4, 2) were Assistants; C1, C2, C3, C4 were Clerks; 2 5 13. Let f : A → B be a function defined by
2
(A × C) (B × C) (i) R1 = {(2, 1), (7, 1)} (ii) R2 = {(–1, 1)} M1, M2, M3 were managers and E1, E2 were 3 8 x
1 (2, 1) f(x) = − 1 where A = {2, 4, 6, 10, 12},
= {(2, 2), (3, 2), (5, 2), (7, 2)} ..... (2) (iii) R3 = {(2, –1), (7, 7), (1, 3)} Executive officers and if the relation R is 4 11 2
From (1) and (2), LHS = RHS (iv) R4 = {(7, –1), (0, 3), (3, 3), (0, 7)} 1 2 3 4 defined by xRy, where x is the salary given to 14 B = {0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 9} . Represent f by

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

20 21 22
i) set of ordered pairs ii) a table ii) Table Form: 363636 = 23 × 33 × 7 × 13 × 37 we put n = 18 in 10. F
ind the middle term(s) of an A.P. 9, 15, 21, 14. F
ind the number of terms in the A.P. 3, 6, 9,
iii) an arrow diagram iv) a graph x 1 2 3 4 5 H.C.F of 252525 and 363636 an = n2 +1 27, …, 183. 12, …, 111. SEP-21
Solution: f(x) 2 2 2 3 4 = 3 × 7 × 13 × 37 Thus, the eighteenth term a18 = 182 + 1 = 325. Solution: Solution:
x = 10101. a = 9, d = 6, l = 183 First term a = 3,
Given f(x) = – 1 iii) Graph 6. F
ind the indicated terms of the sequences
2 whose nth terms are given by Common difference d = 6 – 3 = 3,
3. If 13824 = 2a × 3b then find a and b. MAY-22 æ l - aö
x = 2 f(2) = 1 – 1 = 0 n =ç +1
6
5n è d ÷ø Last term, l = 111
x = 4 f(4) = 2 – 1 = 1 Solution: 2 13824 (i) an = ; a and a13 æ l - aö
n+2 6 We know that, n = ç +1
x = 6 f(6) = 3 – 1 = 2 5 2 6912 (ii) an = −(n2 – 4); a4 and a11 =
183 - 9
+1=
174
+ 1 = 29 + 1 = 30 è d ø÷
x = 10 f(10) = 5 – 1 = 4 4 (5, 4) 2 3456 6 6 æ 111 - 3 ö
Solution: n= ç ÷ + 1 = 37
x = 12 f(12) = 6 – 1 = 5 2 1728 15 and 16 are the middle terms. è 3 ø
3 (4, 3) 5n
i) Set of Ordered Pairs: 2 864 i. an = tn = a + (n – 1)d Thus the A.P. contains 37 terms.
(2, 2) n+2
2 2 432 t15 = a + 14 d t16 = a + 15d
f = {(2, 0), (4, 1), (6, 2), (10, 4), (12, 5)} (1, 2) (3, 2) 30 15 65 13 15. W
rite the first three terms of the G.P. whose
1 a6 = = ; a13 = = = 9 + 14(6) = 9 + 15(6)

et
2 216 first term and the common ratio are given
ii) Table 8 4 15 3
0 2 108 = 9 + 84 = 9 + 90 below.
x 2 4 6 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 ii. an = – (n2 – 4) = 93 = 99 (i) a = 6, r = 3 (ii) a = 2 , r = 2
2 54

i.N

i.N
f(x) 0 1 2 4 5 a4 = – (16 – 4) = –12; 93, 99 are the middle terms of A.P. 2
*** 3 27 (iii) a = 1000, r =
iii) Arrow Diagram 3 9 a11 = – (121 – 4) = –117 5
11. I f 3 + k, 18 – k, 5k + 1 are in A.P. then find k. Solution:
2
f
0 2. Numbers and Sequences 3 7. Find a8 and a15 whose nth term is SEP-21 i. General Form of an G.P. a, ar, ar2, …..
ì n2 - 1

la
4 1 2 Marks 13824 = 29 × 33 Solution: a = 6, r = 3 G.P. 6, 6(3), 6(3)2…
ïï ; n is even, n Î N
6 2
1. ‘ a’ and ‘b’ are two positive integers such that a = 9, b = 3 an = í n +2 3 3 + k, 18 – k, 5k + 1 is a A.P 6, 18, 54, ….
10 4 ï n t2 – t1 = t3 – t2 ii. G.P. a, ar, ar2, …

sa
ab ×ba = 800. Find ‘a’ and ‘b’. 4. F
ind the LCM and HCF of 408 and 170 ; n is odd , n Î N
12 5 by applying the fundamental theorem of îï 2n + 1 (18 – k) – (3 + k) = (5k + 1 ) – (18 – k) a = 2 , r = 2
Solution:
( )
2
arithmetic. Solution: 15 – 2k = 6k – 17 G.P. 2, 2 2, 2 2
iv) Graph 800 = ab × ba n2 - 1 –2k – 6k = –17 –15
da

da
2 800 Solution: To find a8 here n is even, so an = 2 , 2, 2 2
n+3 –8k = –32
6 2 408 2 170 64 - 1 63
2 400 a8 = = iii. G.P. a, ar, ar2, …..
2 204 5 85 11 11 k =4
5 (12, 5) 2 200 n2 2
2 102 17 To find a15, here n is odd, so an = 12.
In a theatre, there are 20 seats in the a = 1000, r =
Pa

Pa
2 100 2n + 1 5 2
2
4 (10, 4)
(15)2 225 front row and 30 rows were allotted. Each æ 2ö
2 50 3 51 G.P. 1000, 1000 × , 1000 × ç ÷ …
a15 = = successive row contains two additional seats 5 è 5ø
3 5 25 17 30 + 1 31
than its front row. How many seats are there G.P. 1000, 400, 160,….
2 (6, 2) 5 8. Find the 19th term of an A.P. –11, –15, –19, ...
408 = 23 × 3 × 17 in the last row?
w.

w.
16. In a G.P. 729, 243, 81, … find t7 .
1 (4, 1) 170 = 2 × 5 × 17 Solution:
(2, 0) 800 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 Solution: Solution:
0 = 25 × 52 H.C.F. of 408 & 170 = 2 × 17 = 34 General Form of an A.P. is tn = a + (n–1)d First Term, a = 20
2 4 6 8 10 12 tn = arn–1
L.C.M. of 408 & 170 = 23 × 3 × 5 × 17 a = –11; d = –15+11 = –4; n = 19
ww

ww
a = 2 , b = 5 (or) a = 5, b = 2 Common Difference, d = 2 243 1
14. Represent the function t19 = –11 + 18(–4) a = 729, r = = ,n=7
2. Find the HCF of 252525 and 363636. = 2040 Number of seats in the last row 729 3
f = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 3), (5, 4)} through = –11 – 72
5. The general term of a sequence is defined as = tn = a + (n – 1)d 1
7 -1
(i) an arrow diagram Solution:
t19 = –83 t7 = 729 × æç ö÷
2 363636 5 252525 ìn(n + 3); n Î N is odd t30 = a + 29d = 20 + 29(2) = 20 + 58 = 78 è 3ø
(ii) a table form an = í 2 9. W
hich term of an A.P. 16, 11, 6, 1,... is –54 ? 13. W
rite an A.P. whose first term is 20 and 1
6
(iii) a graph 2 181818 5 50505 în + 1 ; n Î N is even t7 = 729 × æç ö÷
3 10101
MAY-22 common difference is 8. è 3ø
3 90909 Find the eleventh and eighteenth terms.
Solution: Solution: 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 30303 7 3367 Solution: Solution: t7 = 729 × × × × × ×
i) Arrow Diagram æ l - aö First Term, a = 20; 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 10101 13 481
To find a11, since 11 is odd, n= ç +1
1
f
7 3367 37 37 è d ÷ø Common Difference, d = 8 ind x so that x + 6, x + 12 and x + 15
17. F
we put n = 11 in
2 2 13 481 1 a = 16; d = 11 – 16 = –5; l = –54 Arithmetic Progression is a, a+d, a+3d, … are consecutive terms of a Geometric
an = n (n + 3 )
3 3 37 37 -54 - 16 -70 In this case, Progression.
Thus, n= +1= +1
4 4 1 -5 -5 we get 20, 20 + 8, 20 + 2(8), 20 + 3(8), ... Solution:
the eleventh term a11 = 11(11 + 3) = 154.
5 n = 14 + 1 So, the required A.P. is 20, 28, 36, 44, ... Given x + 6, x + 12 and x + 15 are consecutive
252525 = 3 × 52 × 7 × 13 × 37 To find a18, since 18 is even, terms of a G.P.
n = 15
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

23 24 25
t2 t3 20. F
ind the first term of a G.P. in which 24. Find the sum of 28. I f 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + k3 = 44100 then find ind x, y and z, given that the numbers
3. F é
= é æ 1 ö n ùù
S6 = 4095 and r = 4. 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + k. x, 10, y, 24, z are in A.P. ê1 - èç ø÷ ú ú 4 é 1æ æ 1 ö öù
n
t1 t2 (i) 12 + 22 + ... + 192 ê
= 4ê 1 10 ú ú = ê n - ç1 - ç ÷ ÷ ú
x + 12 x + 15 Solution: (ii) 52 + 102 + 152 + ... + 1052 Solution: Solution: n- ê 9 êë 9 è è 10 ø ø ûú
9 ê 10 ê 1 - 1 ú ú
13 + 23 + 33 + ...+ k3 = 44100 = ê (
é k k + 1) ù
2
= Common ratio, = 4 > 1, Solution: A.P. x, 10, y, 24, z
x+6 x + 12 ú ê ê 10 ûú ú
Sum of first 6 terms S6 = 4095 i. 12 + 22 + ... + 192 ë 2 û 10 + 24 34 ë ë û
(x + 12)2 = (x + 6) (x + 15) k (k + 1) That is y = = = 17
a (r n - 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1) 1 + 2 + 3 + … + k = = 210 2 2 ii. 3 + 33 + 333 + ...... n
x2 + 24x + 144
= x2 + 21x + 90 Hence, Sn = = 4095 = 2
r -1 6 A.P = x, 10, 17, 24, z
24x – 21x = 90 – 144 = 3(1 + 11 + 111 + ….. + n terms )
a (46 - 1) 29. How many terms of the series 13 + 23 + 33 +.... Here we know that d = 17 – 10 = 7
3x = – 54 19 ´ (19 + 1)(2 ´ 19 + 1) should be taken to get the sum 14400?
3
= (9 + 99 + 999 + ... + n terms)
r = 4, = 4095 = x = 10 – 7 = 3
54 4 -1 6 9
x = – = –18 Solution: z = 24 + 7 = 31
a × 4095 = 4095
13 + 23 + 33 + ... +k3 = ê (
é k k + 1) ù 3
2
3 19 ´ 20 ´ 39
= = 2170 = ((10–1) + (100–1) + (1000–1) + ... + n
18. Find the number of terms in the following 3 6 ú = 14400 x = 3, y = 17, z = 31. 9 terms)
First term, a = 3. ë 2 û
G.P. ii. 52 + 102 + 152 + ... + 1052 k (k + 1) 4. F
ind the sum to n terms of the series
= 3 (10 + 100 + 1000 + ... + n terms)
et

et
21. Find the value of = 14400 = 120 5 + 55 + 555 + ....
(i) 4, 8, 16, …, 8192? = 52(12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 212) 2 9
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 50 k(k + 1) = 240 Solution: – (1 + 11 + 111 + ….. + n terms)
(ii) 1 , 1 , 1 ,..., 1 = 25 ×
21 ´ (21 + 1) ´ (2 ´ 21 + 1)
i.N

i.N

i.N
3 9 27 2187 Solution: k2 + k – 240 = 0 Sn = 5 + 55 + 555 + …. + n terms 3 æ æ 10n - 1ö ö
6 = 10 - n÷
Solution: 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 50 (k – 15) ( k + 16) = 0 = 5 [1 + 11 + 111 + … + n terms] 9 çè çè 9 ÷ø ø
n (n + 1) = 25 ×
21 ´ 22 ´ 43
= 82775
i. G.P. 4, 8, 16, …, 8192. Using 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = k = +15 or k = –16 5
2 6 = [9 + 99 + 999 + …. + n terms] 30 3n
k can’t be negative = (10n – 1) –
Here a = 4, r = 2, tn = 8192 50 ´ (50 + 1) 9 81
la

la
1 + 2 + 3 + … + 50 = = 1275 25. Find the sum of 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + 163 9
arn–1 = tn 4(2)n–1 = 8192; k = 15
2 Solution: 5
é n (n + 1) ù
2 = [10 – 1 + 100 – 1 + 1000 – 1 + …. n terms] 6. F
ind the sum of the Geometric series
8192 22. Find the sum of the following series 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + n3 = ê
5 Marks 9
2n–1 = = 2048 3 + 6 + 12 + ... + 1536
sa

sa
ú
4 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 60 ë 2 û x
1. If p1 x1 ´ p2 x2 ´ p3 .3 ´ p4 x4 = 113400 where p1, 5
2 = [(10 + 100 + 1000 + ….) Solution:
2n–1 = 211 ; n –1 = 11 Solution: é16 ´ 17 ù p2, p3, p4 are primes in ascending order and 9
n (n + 1) 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + 163= ê – (1 + 1 + 1 + ….)] 3 + 6 + 12 + .... + 1536
n = 12 1 + 2 + 3 + …. + 60 = ë 2 úû x1, x2, x3, x4 are integers, find the value of p1,
( )
da

da
5 é10 10 - 1 - n ù
n
2 p2, p3, p4 and x1, x2, x3, x4 a = 3, r = 2
1 1 1 1 60 ´ 61 = [136]2 = 18496 = ê ú
ii. G.P. , , ,..., . = Solution: 9 êë 9 úû tn = 1536
3 9 27 2187 2 26. If 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n = 666 then find n. 2 113400
1 arn–1 = 1536
Here a = 1 , r = 1 , tn = 50 é n 5 ù
= 30 × 61 = 1830 Solution: 2 56700
( )
Pa

Pa
2187 = ê 10 - 1 - n ú 3(2)n–1 = 1536
3 3 2 28350 81 ë 9 û
23. Find the sum of 1 + 2 + 3 + ...... + n = 666
æ 1ö æ 1ö
n-1
1 n (n + 1) 3 14175 3(2)n–1 = 3(2)9
= (i) 1 + 3 + 5 + ... to 40 terms 5. Find the sum to n terms of the series
èç 3 ø÷ èç 3 ÷ø 2187 = 666 3 4725 2n–1 = 29
(ii) 2 + 4 + 6 + ... 80 2 (i) 0.4 + 0.44 + 0.444 + ... to n terms
n-1 3 1575
w.

w.
1 n2 + n =1332 n–1 = 9
æç 1 ö÷ = ×3 (iii) 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + 55 3 525 (ii) 3 + 33 + 333 + ... to n terms
è 3ø 2187 n2 + n – 1332 = 0 n = 10
6 Solution: 5 175 Solution:
n-1
1 1 (n – 36) (n + 37 ) = 0 To find Sn,
æç 1 ö÷ = = æç ö÷ ; i. 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + n terms = n2 5 35 i. 0.4 + 0.44 + 0.444 + ....... n terms
ww

ww
è 3ø 729 è 3ø n = –37 or n = 36 7 7
n–1 =6 n=7
1 + 3 + 5 + … + 40 terms = (40)2 = 1640
But n ≠ –37 (Since n is a natural number) 1 =
4 44 444
+ + + ... nterms
Sn =
a (r n - 1)
Þ S10 =
(
3 210 - 1 )
10 100 1000
ii. 2 + 4 + 6 + … + 80 Hence n = 36. r -1 2 -1
19. In a G.P. the 9th term is 32805 and 6th term is 113400 = 23 × 34 × 52 × 71 é 1 11 111 ù
= 2 [1 + 2 + 3 + … + 40] = 4ê + + + ... nterms ú = 3 (1023) = 3069
1215. Find the 12th term. 27. I f 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + k = 325 , then find P1 = 2, P2 = 3, P3 = 5, P4 = 7 ë10 100 1000 û
é n (n + 1) ù 7. Find the value of 16 + 17 + 18 + ... + 75
=2 ê ú = 40 × 41 = 1640 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + k3. x1 = 3, x2 = 4, x3 = 2, x4 = 1
Solution: 4 é 9 99 999 ù
ë 2 û Solution: = + + + ... nterms ú Solution:
From the given k (k + 1) 2. If a1 = 1, a2 = 1 and an = 2an–1 + an–2 n≥3, n N, 9 ëê10 100 1000 û
t9 = 32805 ar8 = 32805 ..... (1) iii. 1 + 3 + 5 + … + 55 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + k = = 325 then find the first six terms of the sequence. 16 + 17 + 18 + … + 75
2
t6 = 1215 ar5 = 1215 ..... (2) Here the number of terms is not given. Solution: =
4 éæ 1ö æ
ç1 - ÷ + ç1 -
1 ö æ
÷ + ç1 -
1 ö ù
÷ + ... nterms ú = (1 + 2 + 3 + ….. + 75) – (1 + 2 + 3 + … + 15)
13 + 23 + 33 + ... + k3 9 ëêè 10 ø è 100 ø è 1000 ø û
Now, we have to find the number of terms using
(1) ÷ (2) r3 = 27 r=3 Given a1 = a2 = 1 and an =2an–1 + an–2 75 (75 + 1) 15 (15 + 1)
= ê (
é k k + 1) ù
2
the formula. 2 4 = –
(2) a (3)5 = 1215 a = 5 ú = (325) = 105625 a3 = 2a2 + a1 = 2(1) + 1 = 3; = [(1+1+1+… n terms) – 2 2
To find t12,
(55 - 1) ë 2 û a4 = 2a3 + a2 = 2(3) + 1 = 7 9
n= + 1 = 28 æ 1 11 111 ö = 2850 – 120
2 a5 = 2a4 + a3 = 2(7) + 3 = 17; çè + + + ... nterms÷ ]
tn = arn–1 Therefore, 10 100 1000 ø = 2730
t12 = (5)(3)11 a6 = 2a5 + a4 = 2(17) + 7 = 41
1 + 3 + 5 + ... + 55 = (28)2 = 784
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

26 27 28
(1) n(n + 1) (2n + 1) 285 ´ 6
8. Find the sum of 93 + 103 + ... + 213 = = 23 × x2×(2x – 3y)3 (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2) 5. F
ind the excluded values, if any of the Solution:
Solution:
( 2) n (n + 1) 45 ´ 2 3. Algebra = 8x2(2x – 3y)3 (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2) following expressions. 400 x 4 y12 z16 4 6
4 y 8 z12 = 2 y z
2n + 1 = 19 y =
93 + 103 + …. + 213 2 Marks 2. Simplify: i) 2 ii) 2 t 100 x8 y 4 z 4 x4 x2
2n = 19 – 1 y - 25 t - 5t + 6
= (13 + 23 + 33 ... + 213) – (13 + 23 + 33... + 83) 1. Find the LCM of the given polynomials 2 6 xz 3
2n = 18 i) 4 x y × x2 + 6 x + 8 x 3 - 27 7. F
ind the square root of the following
é 21 ´ (21 + 1) ù é 8 ´ (8 + 1) ù
2 2
(i) 4x2y, 8x3y2 2z 2 20 y 4 iii) iv)
n =9 x3 + x2 - 6 x
expressions
= ê ú – ê ú p 2 - 10 p + 21 p 2 + p - 12 x2 + x - 2
ë 2 û ë 2 û (ii) 9a3b2, 12a2b2c ii) × i) 256(x – a)8(x – b)4(x – c)16(x – d)20
11. R
ekha has 15 square colour papers of sizes
= (231)2 – (36)2 (iii) 16m, 12m2n2, 8n2 p-7 ( p - 3)2 Solution:
10 cm, 11 cm, 12 cm, …, 24 cm. How much y 144a 8 b12 c16
(iv) p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4 5t 3 6t - 12 i. The expression is undefined ii)
= 52065 area can be decorated with these colour iii) × y 2 - 25 81 f 12 g 4 h14
papers? (v) 2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36 4t - 8 10t 2 2
9. Find the sum of the following series when y – 5 = 0 Solution:
Solution:
Solution: (vi) (2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, 8x3 – 27y3 y2 – 52 = 0
(i) 62 + 72 + 82 + ... + 212
(ii) 103 + 113 + 123 + ... + 203 The Required Area Solution: i.
4x2 y
×
6 xz 3
20 y 4
=
3x3 z
5 y3
(y + 5) (y – 5) = 0 i. (256(x - a) (x - b) (x - c)
8 4 16
( x - d )20 )

et
2z2
Solution: = 102 + 112 + 122 + ...... + 242 i. 4x2y, 8x3y2 y + 5 = 0, y – 5 = 0 = 16 |(x–a)4(x–b)2(x – c)8(x–d)10|
p 2 - 10 p + 21 p 2 + p - 12
Area = (12 + 22 + 32 + ...... + 242) 4x2y = 22x2y ii. × y = –5, y = 5
i. 62 + 72 + 82 + ... + 212 p-7 ( p - 3)2 144a8b12 c16 4 a 4b 6 c8

i.N

i.N
– (12 + 22 + ...... + 92) Hence the excluded values are –5 and 5. ii. =
= (12 + 22 + 32... + 212) – (12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 52) 8x3y2 = 23x3y2 ( p - 7)( p - 3) = ( p + 4)( p - 3) = (p + 4) 81 f 12 g 4 h14 3 f 6 g 2 h7
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1) = ii. The expression t is undefined
= – LCM(4x2y, 8x3y2) = 23x3y2 = 8x3y2 ( p - 7) ( p - 3)2 2
t - 5t + 6 8. F
ind the square root of the following rational
21 ´ (21 + 1)(42 + 1) 5 ´ (5 + 1)(10 + 1) 6 6
ii. 9a3b2, 12a2b2c
= – 5t 3 × 6t - 12 when t2 – 5t + 6 = 0 expression.

la
6 9 ´ 10 ´ 19 iii.
6 = 24 ´ 25 ´ 49 – 9a3b2 = (1)(3)2 a3b2
4t - 8 10t t2 – 5t + 6 = 0 121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c )
8 8 8
21 ´ 22 ´ 43 5 ´ 6 ´ 11 6 6 12a2b2c = 22 × 3 × a2 × b2 × c
= – 6 (t - 2) (t – 2) (t – 3) = 0 81(b - c ) (a - b)
6 = 4900 – 285 = 4615 cm2 5t 3 3t 2
4 12
(b - c )4

sa
6 LCM(9a3b2, 12a2b2c) = × =
= 3311 – 55 = 3256 4 (t - 2) 10t 4 t – 2 = 0, t – 3 = 0
Therefore Rekha has 4615 cm2 colour paper. = (1) × 22 × 32 × a3 × b2 × c = 36a3b2c Solution:
t = 2, t =3
She can decorate 4615cm2 area with these x3 y3
121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c )
8 8 8
ii. 103 + 113 + 123 + ... + 203 iii. 16m, 12m2n2, 8n2 3. Simplify: + Hence the excluded values are 2 and 3.
colour papers. x- y y- x =
da

da
16m = 24 × m 81(b - c) (a - b) (b - c)4
4 12
= 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + 203 – 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + 93
12. Find the sum of 152 + 162 + 172 + ... + 282 Solution: x 2 + 6 x + 8 ( x + 4)( x + 2) x+4
12m2n2 = 22 × 3 × m2 × n2 iii. = =
20 ´ 21 ù
2
é 9 ´ 10 ù
2
8n2 = 23 × n2 x3 y3 x3 - y 3 x2 + x - 2 ( x + 2)( x - 1) x - 1 121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c )
8 8 8

= éê – ê
2 2 2
15 + 16 + 17 + ... + 28 2
+ =
x+4
ë 3 úû 81(b - c ) (a - b) (b - c)4
4 12
ë 6 úû
Pa

Pa
LCM(16m, 12m2n2, 8n2) x- y y-x x- y The expression is undefined when
= (12 + 22 + 32 ... + 282) x -1
= [210]2 – (45)2 – (12 + 22 + 32 ... + 142) = 24 × 3 × m2 × n2 = 48m2n2
=
(x 2
)
+ xy + y 2 ( x - y )
x – 1 = 0. Hence the excluded value is 1. =
11 (a + b) ( x + y )
4 4

n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1) iv. p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4 (x - y) 9 (a - b)6

= 44100 – 2025 = 42075
= – p2 – 3p + 2 = (p – 1) (p – 2) = x2 + xy + y2 x 3 - 27 (
( x - 3) x 2 + 3x + 9 )
w.

w.
6 6 iv. =
he sum of the cubes of the first n natural
10. T
numbers is 2025, then find the value of n. 28 ´ 29 ´ 57 14 ´ 15 ´ 29 p2 – 4 = (p + 2) (p – 2)
4. F
ind the excluded values of the following
x3 + x 2 - 6 x (
x x2 + x - 6 ) 9. D
etermine the quadratic equations, whose
= – sum and product of roots are
2´3 2´3
LCM(p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4)
expressions (if any). ( x - 3)(x 2 + 3x + 9)
(i) –9, 20 (ii) 5 , 4
Solution: MAY-22
=
ww

ww
= (p – 1) (p + 2) (p – 2) SEP-21
12 + 22 + 32 + ... + n2 = 285 = 14 × 29 × 19 – 7 × 5 × 29 i) x + 10 ii)
7p+2 ( x)( x + 3)( x - 2) 3
v. 2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36 8x 8 p 2 + 13 p + 5 Solution:
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) = 7714 – 1015 = 6699 The expression 3 2
x 3 - 27
is undefined
= 285 2x2 – 5x – 3 = (x – 3) (2x + 1) Solution: x + x - 6x i. –9, 20
2´3
*** 4x2 – 36 = 4(x + 3) (x – 3) i. The expression x + 10 is undefined when x2 – [α + β]x + αβ = 0
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) when x3+ x2 – 6x = 0
= 285 LCM(2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36) 8x x2– [–9]x + 20 = 0 x2 + 9x + 20 = 0
6 8x = 0 or x = 0. (x) (x+3) (x – 2) = 0
n(n+1) (2n+1) = 285 × 6 ..... (1) = 4(x – 3) (x + 3) (2x + 1) x = 0 or x = –3 or x = 2 5
When the excluded value is 0. ii. ,4
13 + 23 + 33 + ... + n3 = 2025 vi. (2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, 8x3 – 27y3 Hence the excluded values are 0, –3, 2 3
(2x2 – 3xy)2 = x2(2x – 3y)2 7p+ 2 Required Quadratic Equations
é n (n + 1) ù
2 ii. The expression is 6. F
ind the square root of the following rational
= 2025 (4x – 6y)3 = 23(2x – 3y)3 8 p 2 + 13 p + 5 x2 – (Sum of the roots)x + product of the roots

ê ú expression.
ë 2 û 8x3 – 27y3 = (2x)3 – (3y)3 undefined when 8p2 + 13p + 5 = 0 that is =0
n (n + 1) -5
400 x 4 y12 z 16 x2 – 5 x + 4 = 0
= 2025 = 45 = (2x – 3y) (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2) 3
(8p +5) (p+1) = 0 p = , p = –1. 100 x 8 y 4 z 4
2 LCM((2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, 8 Multiply 3 on both sides
n(n+1) = 45 × 2 ..... (2) -5
(8x3 – 27y3) The excluded values are and –1. 3x2 – 5x + 12 = 0
8
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

29 30 31
10. F
ind the sum and product of the roots for æ a11 a12 a13 ö æ 7 -3ö æx+ y 2ö æ 6 2ö æ5 4 -2 ö æ -7 4 -3ö ii. A + (–A) = (–A) + A = 0
each of the following quadratic equations ii. ç =ç
A = ç a21 a22 a23 ÷ ç ÷
16. If A = ç - 5 2 ÷ then è 5 + z xyø÷ è 5 8ø÷ ç1 3 ÷ ç 1 7 ÷ æ 1 9 ö æ -1 -9ö
(i) x2 + 3x − 28 = 0 (ii) x2 + 3x = 0 ç ÷ 20. If A = ç 2÷ , B = ç 3÷, A + (–A) = ç 3 4 ÷ + ç -3 -4÷
è a31 a32 a33 ø ç ÷ 5 + z = 5 x + y = 6; ç2 4 ÷ ç 4 2 ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
Solution: è 3 -5ø çè 5 -6 9 ÷ø
2 é 1- 2 1- 4 1- 6 ù z = 5 – 5 y = 6 – x; èç 1 9 4 ø÷ è 8 -3ø è -8 3 ø
i. x + 3x – 28 = 0 ê ú find the transpose of –A. SEP-20
= ê2-2 2-4 2-6ú z=0 find 4A–3B. æ 0 0ö
a = 1, b = 3, c = –28 Solution:
b xy = 8 Solution: = ç 0 0÷ ..... (1)
Sum of the roots = α+β = – = – 3 = –3 êë 3 - 2 3 - 4 3 - 6 úû
æ 7 -3ö æ- 7 3ö ç ÷
a 1 é1 3 5 ù ç ÷
x(6–x) = 8 æ5 4 -2 ö æ -7 4 -3ö è 0 0ø
ç ÷
A = ç- 5 2÷ –A = ç 5 -2÷ 6x – x2 – 8 = 0 ç1 ÷ ç 1 7 ÷ æ -1 -9ö æ1 9 ö
Product of the roots = αβ =
c = êê0 2 4 úú 4A – 3B = 4 ç
3
2 ÷ –3 ç 3÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ x2–6x+8 = 0 (–A) + A = ç -3 -4÷ + ç3 4 ÷
a è 3 -5ø è- 3 5ø ç2 4 ÷ ç 4 2 ÷
ëê1 1 3 úû çè 1 ç ÷ ç ÷
28 (x – 2) (x – 4) = 0 9 4 ÷ø çè 5 -6 9 ÷ø è -8 3 ø è 8 -3ø
=– = –28 æ- 7 5 - 3ö
ii. x2 + 3x = 0
1
ii. aij = (i + j )3 (–A)T = ç ÷ x – 2 = 0 (or) x – 4 = 0 æ 21 -12 9 ö æ 0 0ö
è 3 -2 5 ø x = 2 (or) x = 4 æ 20 16 -8 ö
et

et
3 ç 3 ÷
a = 1, b = 3, c = 0
8 8 = ç 2 3 4 2÷ + ç - -
21
-9 ÷ = ç 0 0÷ ..... (2)
b æ a11 a12 a13 ö æ 5 2 2ö ç ÷
Sum of the roots = α+β = – = – 3 = –3 If x = 2 then y = = = 4;
x 2
ç ÷ ç 4 2 ÷ è 0 0ø
a 1 = ç a21 a22 a23 ÷ ç 5÷ çè 4 36 16 ÷ø ç
è -15 18 -27÷ø
i.N

i.N

i.N
c 0 ç ÷ 17. If A = ç - 17 0.7 ÷ then verify 8 (1), (2) A+ (–A) = (–A) + A = 0
Product of the roots = αβ = = = 0 è a31 a32 a33 ø ç 2 ÷ (AT)T = A If x = 4 then y = = 2 æ 20 + 21 16 - 12 -8 + 9 ö
a 1 4
èç 8 3 1 ø÷ æ 0 4 9ö 7 3 8ö
é8 64 ù Solution: æ x + y + z ö æ 9ö
ç 3 21 ÷ 22. If A = ç ,B= æ
æ8 9 4 3ö ê3 9
3 ú
= ç 2- 3- 4 2 - 9÷ è 8 3 7÷ø çè 1 4 9÷ø
ê ú æ 5 2 2ö iii. ç x + z ÷ = ç 5÷ ç 4 2 ÷
la

la
ç ÷ çè 4 - 15 36 + 18 16 - 27 ÷ø find the value of (i) B – 5A (ii) 3A – 9B
3
= ê9
64 125 ú ç ç ÷ ç ÷
ç 5÷ 5÷
11. In the matrix A = ç -1 7
2 ÷, ê 3 3 ú A = ç - 17 0.7 ÷ è y + z ø è 7ø
æ 41 4 1 ö Solution:
ç1 ê ú ç 2÷ x + y + z = 9 ..... (1)
3 0÷
sa

sa
4 64 125 çè 8 ç 5 ÷
ç ÷ ê 72 ú 3 1 ÷ø x + z = 5 ..... (2) =ç -
15
4 2 - 9÷ æ 0 4 9ö æ 7 3 8ö
write è6 8 -11 1ø ëê 3 3 úû A= ç ,B= ç
æ ö y+z=7 ..... (3) ç 4 2 ÷ è 8 3 7ø÷ è 1 4 9÷ø
(i) The number of elements 14. Construct a 3×3 matrix whose elements are ç 5 - 17 8÷ Substitute (3) in (1) èç -11 54 -11 ø÷
da

da
(ii) The order of the matrix aij = i2j2 i.
B – 5A
AT = ç 2 0.7 3÷ x + 7 = 9 x=9–7=2 æ1 9 ö æ 5 7ö
(iii) Write the elements a22, a23, a24, a34, a43, ç ÷ æ 0 4 9ö
Solution: ç ÷ Substitute x =2 in (2) æ 7 3 8ö
5 21. If A = ç 3 4 ÷ , B = ç 3 3÷ then verify = ç – 5ç
a44. The general 3 × 3 matrix is given by çè 2 1÷
ø 2 + z = 5 z = 5 – 2 = 3 ç ÷ ç ÷ è 1 4 9÷ø è 8 3 7÷ø
2 è 8 -3ø è 1 0ø
Pa

Pa
Solution: æ a11 a12 a13 ö æ 5 2 2ö Substitute z = 3 in (3)
that (i) A+B = B +A æ 7 3 8ö æ 0 -20 -45ö
i) Number of elements = 4 × 4 = 16 A = ç a21 a22 a23 ÷ ç y + 3 = 7 y = 7 – 3 y=4 = ç +ç ÷
ç ÷ T T 5÷ (ii) A+(−A) = (−A)+A =O. è 1 4 9ø÷ è -40 -15 -35ø
ii) Order of matrix = 4 × 4 (A ) = ç - 17 0.7 ÷
è a31 a32 a33 ø ç 2÷ æ 7 8 6ö æ 4 11 -3ö
çè 8 Solution: æ 7 -17 -37ö
3 3 1 ÷ø 19. If A = ç 1 3 9 ÷ , B = ç -1 2 4 ÷
w.

w.
iii) a22 = 7 ; a23 = ; a24 = 5; a11= 12 ×12 = 1×1 = 1; a12 = 12 ×22 = 1×4 = 4; = ç
2 (AT)T = A
ç ÷ ç ÷ i. A+B=B+A è -39 -11 -26÷ø
a13 = 12 ×32 = 1×9 = 9; a21 = 22 ×12 = 4×1 = 4; è -4 3 -1ø è 7 5 0ø L.H.S.
a34 = 0; a43 = –11; a44 = 1 a22 = 22 ×22 = 4×4 = 16; a23 = 22 ×32 = 4×9 = 36 then Find 2A+B. æ1 9 ö æ5 7ö
ind the values of x, y and z from the
18. F ii. 3A – 9B
A + B = ç3 4 ÷ + ç3 3÷
ww

ww
12. I f a matrix has 18 elements, what are the a31 = 32 ×12 = 9×1 = 9; a32 = 32 ×22 = 9×4 = 36; following equations Solution: ç ÷ ç ÷ æ 0 4 9ö æ 7 3 8ö
= 3 ç – 9ç
possible orders it can have? What if it has 6 a33 = 32 × 32 = 9×9 = 81 æ1 4 9 ö æ 12 3ö æ y zö æ 7 8 6ö æ 4 11 -3ö è 8 -3ø è 1 0ø è 8 3 7÷ø è 1 4 9÷ø
elements? (i) ç =ç æ 6 16 ö
Hence the required matrix is A = ç 4 16 36÷ è x 5ø÷ è 3 5ø÷ 2A + B = 2 ç 1 3 9 ÷ + ç -1 2 4 ÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ = ç 6 7 ÷ ..... (1) æ 0 12 27ö æ -63 -27 -72ö
Solution: æx+ y 2ö æ 6 2ö è -4 3 -1ø è 7 5 0ø = ç +ç
è 9 36 81ø
(ii) ç =ç ç ÷ è 24 9 21ø÷ è -9 -36 -81÷ø
Matrix having 18 elements 1 × 18 (or) 2 × 9 æ 5 4 3ö è 5 + z xyø÷ è 5 8ø÷ è 9 -3ø
æ 14 16 12 ö æ 4 11 -3ö
(or) 3 × 6 (or) 6 × 3 (or) 9 × 2 (or) 18 × 1 ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ R.H.S. æ -63 -15 -45ö
15. If A = 1 - 7 9 then æ x + y + zö æ 9ö = 2 6 18 + -1 2 4 æ 5 7ö æ1 9ö = ç
Matrix having 6 elements 1 × 6 (or) 2 × 3 (or) ç ÷
÷ = ç 5÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ è 15 -27 -60÷ø
3 × 2 (or) 6 × 1
è 3 8 2ø (iii) ç x + z è -8 6 -2ø è 7 5 0 ø B + A = ç 3 3÷ + ç 3 4÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
find the transpose of A. èy+z ø è 7ø æ 14 + 4 16 + 11 12 - 3 ö è8 -3ø
13. C
onstruct a 3×3 matrix whose elements are è 1 0ø
Solution: = ç 2 -1 6 + 2 18 + 4 ÷
given by Solution: æ 6 16 ö
(i + j )3 æ5 4 3ö æ 5 1 3ö ç ÷
è -8 + 7 6 + 5 -2 + 0ø ç
= 6 7 ÷ ..... (2)
(i) aij = i − 2j (ii) aij = æ12 3ö æ y zö ç ÷
3 A = ç1 7 9÷ AT = ç 4 -7 8÷ i. =ç
ç ÷ ç ÷ èç x 5÷ø è 3 5ø÷ æ 18 27 9 ö è 9 -3ø
Solution: è3 8 2ø è 3 9 2ø ç ÷
12 = y; 3 = z; x = 3 = 1 8 22 (1), (2) A+B=B+A
i. aij = | i – 2j | ç ÷
è -1 11 -2ø
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

32 33 34
5 Marks 4 –14 –12 42 9 ii. ax4 + bx3 + 361x2 + 220x + 100 æ8 3 4 ö æ -3 4ö LHS
æ 1- 4 2+2 ö æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö
= ç =ç
1. F
ind the square root of –3 (+) –12 (–) 42 (–) 9 Solution: and C = ç 1 -2 3 ÷ then verify that è -1 - 12 -2 + 6ø÷ è -13 4÷ø B+C= ç +
è 3 5 2ø÷ èç -4 1 3ø÷
ç ÷
64x4 − 16x3 + 17x2 − 2x + 1 0 10 11 12 è 2 4 -1ø æ 1 1ö æ -7 6ö æ 2 2 4ö
A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C. AC = ç ÷ =ç ÷
Solution: Required Square root = |2x2–7x–3| 10 100 220 361 b a è -1 3ø çè 3 2÷ø è -1 6 5ø
8 –1 1 Solution: æ1 3 ö æ 2 2 4ö
iii. 16x4 + 8x2 + 1 (–)100 æ4 3 1 ö æ -7 + 3 6 + 2 ö æ -4 8ö A (B + C) = ç ×ç
8 64 –16 17 –2 1
= ç
è 7 + 9 -6 + 6ø÷
=ç
è 16 0ø÷ è 5 -1÷ø è -1 6 5ø÷
4 0 1 20 11 220 361 A + (B + C) = ç 2 3 -8÷
(–) 64 ç ÷ 2 - 3 2 + 18 4 + 15ö
4 16 0 8 0 1 (–) 220 (–)121 è 1 0 -4ø RHS = AB + AC =æ
16 –1 –16 17 (–) 16 20 22 12 240 b a ææ 2 3 4 ö æ8 3 4 öö æ -3 4ö æ -4 8ö èç10 + 1 10 - 6 20 - 5ø÷
= ç +ç æ -1 20 19ö
(+) –16 (–) 1 8 0 0 8 (–) 240 (–)264 (–)144 + ç 1 9 2 ÷ + ç 1 -2 3 ÷ ÷
ç è -13 4÷ø è 16 0÷ø =ç …..(1)
çç ÷ ç ÷÷ è 11 4 15÷ø
16 –2 16 –2 1 0 0 èç è -7 1 -1ø è 2 4 -1ø ø÷ -3 - 4 4 + 8ö æ -7 12ö
a = 144 , b = 264 = æç =ç
1 (–) 16 (+) –2 (–) 1 8 0 1 8 0 1 è 3 4 ø÷ æ1 3 ö æ 1 -1 2ö
æ4 3 1 ö è -13 + 16 4 + 0ø÷

et
5. F
ind the values of m and n if the following æ 10 6 8 ö AB = ç ×
(–) 8 (–)0 (–)1 è 5 -1÷ø èç 3 5 2ø÷
0 polynomials are perfect sqaures = ç 2 3 -8÷ + ç 2 7 5 ÷ LHS = RHS
0 ç ÷ ç ÷ æ 1 + 9 -1 + 15 2 + 6 ö
Required Square root = |8x2 – x + 1| è 1 0 -4ø è -5 5 -2ø æ 2 -1ö = ç

i.N

i.N
Required Square root = |4x2 + 1| i. 36x4 − 60x3 + 61x2 − mx + n MAY-22 -5 - 5 10 - 2ø÷
2. If 9x4 + 12x3 + 28x2 + ax + b is a perfect æ 1 2 1ö è5 - 3
Solution: æ 14 9 9 ö 8. If A = ç and B = ç -1 4 ÷
square, find the values of a and b. iv. 121x4 − 198x3 − 183x2 + 216x + 144 = ç 4 10 -3÷ ..... (1) è 2 -1 1÷ø ç ÷
= æ
10 14 8ö
è 0 2ø
Solution: 11 –9 –12 6 –5 3 ç ÷ èç 2 -10 8ø÷
è -4 5 -6ø show that (AB)T = BTAT SEP-20

la
3 2 4 6 36 –60 61 –m n æ -1 20 19ö
11 121 –198 –183 216 (A + B) + C Solution: AB + AC = ç …..(2)
3 9 12 28 a b 144
(–) 36 æ 2 -1ö è 11 4 15ø÷
ææ 4 3 1 ö æ 2 3 4 öö æ 1 2 1ö ç
12 –5 –60 61 -1 4 ÷

sa
(–) 9 (–)121 AB = ç (1), (2) A (B + C) = AB + AC.
(+) –60 (–)25 = ç ç 2 3 -8÷ + ç 1 9 2 ÷ ÷ è 2 -1 1ø÷ ç ÷
6 2 12 28 çç ÷ ç ÷÷ è 0 2ø
22 –9 – 198 –183 èç è 1 0 -4ø è -7 1 -1ø ø÷ æ1 7 ö
(–) 12 (–) 4 12 –10 36 –m n æ 5 2 9ö
(+) –198 (–)81 æ8 3 4 ö æ 2 - 2 + 0 -1 + 8 + 2 ö æ0 9 ö 10. If A = ç , B = ç1 2 ÷
3 (–) 36 (+)– 30 (–) 9 =ç =ç è 1 2 8ø÷ ç ÷
da

da
6 4 4 24 a b ÷
22 –18 –12 – 264 216 144 + ç 1 -2 3 ÷ è 4 + 1 + 0 -2 - 4 + 2÷ø è 5 -4 ø è 5 -1ø
(–) 24 (–) 16 (–) 16 –m = –30, m = 30 ç ÷
(+) –264 (–)216 (–)144 è 2 4 -1ø æ 0 5 ö verify that (AB)T = BTAT
a = 16, b = 16 n=9 æ 14 9 9 ö (AB)T = ç
è 9 -4ø ÷ Solution:
0 = ç 4 10 -3÷ ..... (2)
Pa

Pa
3. F
ind the square root of the following æ1 2 ö æ1 7 ö
ii. x4 − 8x3 + mx2 + nx + 16 ç ÷ æ 2 -1 0ö æ 5 2 9ö
polynomials by division method
Required Square root = |11x2–9x–12|
è -4 5 -6ø BT = ç AT = ç 2 -1÷ A= ç , B = ç1 2 ÷
Solution: è -1 4 2ø÷ ç ÷ è 1 2 8÷ø ç ÷
Solution: From (1) & (2) LHS = RHS è1 1 ø è 5 -1ø
i. x4 − 12x3 + 42x2 − 36x + 9 4. F
ind the values of a and b if the following 1 –4 4 æ 5 + 2 + 45 35 + 4 - 9ö æ 52 30ö
w.

w.
polynomials are perfect squares æ 1 1ö æ 1 2ö æ -7 6ö æ1 2 ö AB =ç =ç
1 –6 3 1 1 –8 m n 16 7. If A = ç ,B= ç ,C= ç æ 2 -1 0ö è 1 + 2 + 40 7 + 4 - 8 ø÷ è 43 3 ÷ø
ç 2 -1÷
è -1 3÷ø è -4 2ø÷ è 3 2ø÷
T T
B A =ç
1 1 –12 42 –36 9 i. 4x4 − 12x3 + 37x2 + bx + a (–) 1 è -1 4 2ø÷ ç ÷
verify that A(B + C) = AB + AC. è1 1 ø æ 52 43ö
(–) 1 Solution: 2 –4 –8 m (AB)T =ç
ww

ww
(+) –8 (–)16 æ 2-2+0 4 +1+ 0 ö æ0 9 ö è 30 3 ÷ø
2 –6 –12 42 Solution: æ 5 1ö
2 –3 7 BT AT = ç =ç ÷
(+) –12 (–) 36 2 –8 4 m–16 n 16 æ 1 2ö æ -7 6ö è -1 + 8 + 2 -2 - 4 + 2÷ø è 5 -4 ø BT =ç
æ1 1 5 ö T ç
A = 2 2÷
2 4 –12 37 b a B+C =ç +ç è 7 2 -1÷ø ç ÷
2 –12 6 –36 9 (–) 8 (+)– 32 (–) 16 è -4 2ø÷ è 3 2ø÷ LHS = RHS è 9 8ø
(–) 4 0
3 (–) 6 (+) –36 (–) 9 æ 1 - 7 2 + 6ö æ -6 8ö æ 5 1ö
4 –3 –12 37 =ç =ç æ1 3 ö
è -1 4÷ø 9. Given that A = ç , æ 1 1 5ö
0 m - 16 è -4 + 3 2 + 2÷ø è 5 -1ø÷ BT AT = ç
× 2 2 ÷
(+) –12 (–) 9 =4 çè 7 2 -1÷ø ç ÷
Required Square root = |x2 – 6x + 3| 2 LHS = A (B + C) æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö è 9 8ø
4 –6 7 28 b a m – 16 = 8, n = –32 æ 1 1ö æ -6 8ö B= ç ÷ ,C= ç æ 5 + 2 + 45 1 + 2 + 40ö
ii. 37x2 −28x3 + 4x4 + 42x + 9
(–) 28 (+)– 42 (–) 49 = ç è 3 5 2ø è -4 1 3÷ø =ç
m = 8 + 16 è -1 3ø÷ çè -1 4÷ø è 35 + 4 - 9 7 + 4 - 8 ø÷
2 –7 –3 verify that A(B +C) = AB + AC.
a = 49 , b = –42 m = 24 æ 52 43ö
2 4 –28 37 42 9 æ -6 - 1 8 + 4 ö æ -7 12ö =ç
= ç =ç Solution:
(–) 4 æ4 3 1 ö æ 2 3 4ö
è 6 - 3 -8 + 12ø÷ è 3 4 ø÷ è 30 3 ø÷
6. If A = ç 2 3 -8÷ , B = ç 1 9 2÷ æ1 3 ö æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö
4 –7 –28 37 A= ç ,B= ç ,C= ç (1), (2) (AB)T = BTAT
ç ÷ ç ÷ æ 1 1ö æ 1 2ö è 5 -1÷ø è 3 5 2ø÷ è -4 1 3ø÷
(+) –28 (–) 49 è 1 0 -4ø è -7 1 -1ø AB = ç
è -1 3ø÷ èç -4 2ø÷ To verify that A (B + C) = AB + AC
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

35 36 37
æ 3 1ö Solution: 4. D
and E are respectively the points on 3(15–x) = 4x A
11. If A = ç show that A2 – 5A + 7I2 = 0 i.From the figure, in ΔABC and ADE the sides AB and AC of a ΔABC such that 45 – 3x = 4x
è -1 2÷ø
AB = 5.6 cm, AD = 1.4 cm, AC = 7.2 cm and

1.8
1 7 7+4 45 = 7x

1.4
Solution: 3 +2 +2 AE = 1.8 cm, show that DE || BC .

7.2
5.6
AC 45
= 2 = 2 = 2 x = = 6.43 cm D E
æ 3 1ö æ 3 1ö AE 2 2 2 Solution: 7
A2 = ç
è -1 2÷ø çè -1 2÷ø 11 1 11
= ´ = ..... (1) ii. Given AD = 8x – 7, DB = 5x – 3, C
æ 9 -1 3 + 2 ö æ 8 5ö 2 2 4 B
=ç =ç AE = 4x – 3 and EC = 3x – 1
è -3 - 2 -1 + 4ø÷ è -5 3ø÷ AB 83+ 5 ii. A
B = 5.6 cm, AD = 1.4 cm, AC = 7.2 cm
= = ..... (2) By basic proportionality theorem
A2 – 5A + 7I2 AD 3 3 and AE = 1.8 cm
AD AE
AC AB Solution: = AD 1.4 1
æ 8 5ö æ -15 -5 ö æ 7 0ö From (1), (2) ≠ DB EC = = ..... (1)
=ç –ç ÷ + AE AD AB 5.6 4
è -5 3ø÷ è 5 -10ø èç 0 7ø÷ AD is the bisector of BAC
8x - 7 4x - 3
∆ABC and ∆ADE are not similar AB =10 cm, AC = 14 cm, BC = 6 cm = AE 1.8 1
æ 8 - 15 + 7 5 - 5 + 0 ö æ 0 0ö 5x - 3 3x - 1 = = ..... (2)
et

et
=ç =ç By Angle Bisector Theorem AC 7.2 4
è -5 + 5 + 0 3 - 10 + 7ø÷ è 0 0ø÷ ii. From the figure, in ∆ABC and ∆PQC AB = 5.6 cm, AD = 1.4 cm, AC = 7.2 cm (8x–7)(3x–1) = (5x–3)(4x–3)
BD AB AD AE
Hence, A2 – 5A + 7I2 = 0 ABC= PQC = 70° ..... (1) and AE = 1.8 cm = 24x2 – 29x + 7 = 20x2– 27x+9 (1), (2) =
DC AC AB AC
i.N

i.N

i.N
(Corresponding angles are equal) BD = AB – AD = 5.6 – 1.4 = 4.2 cm and
*** x 10 24x2 – 20x2 – 29x + 27x + 7 – 9 = 0 DE || BC
C = C (Common Angles) ..... (2) EC = AC – AE = 7.2 – 1.8 = 5.4 cm =
6- x 14 4x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 9. C
heck whether AD is bisector of A of ΔABC
4. Geometry A = QPC ( AAA criterian) AD
=
1.4 1
= and
AE
=
1.8
=
1
in each of the following
Hence, ∆ABC and ∆PQC are similar DB 4.2 3 EC 5.4 3 x = 5 2x2 – x – 1 = 0
la

la
2 Marks triangles 6- x 7 (2x+1) (x–1) = 0 (i) AB = 5 cm, AC = 10 cm, BD= 1.5 cm and
AD AE
1. I f ΔABC is similar to ΔDEF such that BC = AB BC 5 6 = 7x = 30 – 5x 1 CD= 3.5 cm. SEP-20
Then, = = =2 DB EC x = 1, x = – (Not Admissible).
sa

sa
3 cm, EF= 4 cm and area of ΔABC = 54 cm2. PQ QC x 12x = 30 2 (ii) AB= 4 cm, AC = 6 cm, BD = 1.6 cm and
3 Therefore, by converse of Basic Proportionality x = 1
Find the area of ΔDEF. 30 CD= 2.4 cm.
5 Theorem, we have DE is parallel to BC. x = = 2.5 cm
Solution: x = =2.5 12 8. I n ΔABC, D and E are points on the sides Solution: A
2 Hence Proved. BD = 2.5 cm DC = 3.5 cm AB and AC respectively. For each of the
da

da
Since the ratio of area of two similar triangles
is equal to the ratio of the squares of any two 3. I f ΔABC ~ ΔDEF such that area of ΔABC is 5. I n the Figure, AD is the bisector of A. following cases show that DE || BC.
7. I n ΔABC, D and E are points on the sides
corresponding sides, we have 9 cm2 and the area of ΔDEF is 16 cm2 and If BD = 4 cm, DC = 3 cm and AB = 6 cm, (i) AB = 12 cm, AD = 8 cm, AE = 12 cm and
AB and AC respectively such that DE || BC
BC = 2.1 cm. Find the length of EF. 5 10
Area (DABC ) BC 2 find AC. MAY-22 SEP-21 AC = 18 cm.
Pa

Pa
= Solution: 3
Area (DDEF ) EF 2 A D (i) If
AD
= and AC = 15 cm find AE. (ii) AB = 5.6 cm, AD = 1.4 cm, AC = 7.2 cm
54 32 DB 4 and AE = 1.8 cm.
gives = 2 B 1.5 D 3.5 C
Area (DDEF ) 4 (ii) If AD = 8x − 7, DB = 5x − 3, AE = 4x − 3 Solution: A
16 ´ 54 and EC = 3x − 1, find the value of x. i.
w.

w.
Area (∆DEF) = = 96 cm2 AB = 5cm , AC =10 cm, BD =1.5 cm and
9 Solution: CD = 3.5 cm

12
8
B 2.1 C E F AB 5 1
2. Check whether the which triangles are

18
12
AD 3 D E = = ..... (1)
similar and find the value of x. Given ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF i. If = , AC = 15 cm , AE = x, AC 10 2
ww

ww
DB 4
Solution: BD 1.5 3
Area of (DABC ) BC 2 EC = 15 – x = = ..... (2)
= In ∆ABC, AD is the bisector of A. A B C CD 3.5 7
Area of (DDEF ) EF 2
i) Therefore by Angle Bisector Theorem i. AB = 12 cm, AD = 8 cm AE = 12 cm and AB BD
(1), (2) ≠ ( By ABT)
3x

AB 2 AC 2 BD AC CD
x

=
DE 2
=
DF 2 = AB AC = 18cm
DC AC D E AD AD is not a bisector of A in ∆ABC
8 2
= = ..... (1) A
9 (2.1) 2
15–

4 6 AB
4x

= = gives 4AC = 18 12 3
16 EF 2
x

3 AC AE 12 2
16 B C = = ..... (2)
EF2 = (2.1)2 × 9 AC 18 3
9 Hence AC = = 4.5 cm DE || BC then by basic proportionality theorem. AD AE 4
ii) 2 From (1) & (2) = 6
4 AD AE AB
EF = 2.1 × = 2.8 cm = AC
3 6. I n the Figure, AD is the bisector of BAC, DB EC DE || BC
if AB = 10 cm, AC = 14 cm and BC = 6 cm. 3 x
= B 1.6 D 2.4 C
Find BD and DC. 4 15 - x

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

38 39 40
ii. A
B = 4 cm, AC = 6 cm, BD = 1.6 cm and On Simplication Proof Medians are line segments joining each vertex -3 5 Solution:
DB EC x1 y1 x1 y1 1 -1
CD = 2.4 cm 1+ = 1+ Given: to the midpoint of the corresponding opposite
AD AE 1 x2 y2 1 5 -2 1 x2 y2 1 -4 6
AB 4 2 In ∆ABC, A = 90° sides. Area of ∆ = = i. Area of ∆ = =
= = ..... (1) Cancelling 1 on 2 x3 y3 2 5 6 2 x3 y3 2 -3 -5
AC 6 3 DB EC Thus medians are the cevians where D, E, F
= both sides To Prove: -3 5
BD 1.6 2 AD AE are midpoints of BC, CA and AB respectively. x1 y1 x1 y1 1 -1
= = ..... (2) AB2 + AC2 = BC2
CD 2.4 3 Taking reciprocals Since D is midpoint of BC, 1 1
AD AE = [(6+30+25) – (25–10–18)] = [(6+20+3) – (4–18–5)]
AB BD = Construction: Draw AD BC BD 2
(1), (2) = ( By ABT) DB EC BD = DC. So =1 ..... (1) 2
AC CD DC 1 1
No. Statement Reason = [61 + 3] = [6+20+3–4+18+5]
AD is a bisector of A in ∆ABC Hence Proved Since E is midpoint of CA, 2
1. Compare ∆ABC Given BAC = 90° 2
CE 64 1
5 Marks 2. State and Prove Angle Bisector Theorem. and ∆ABD and by construction CE = EA. So =1 ..... (2) = = 32 sq. units. = [(6+20+3+18+5)–4]
EA 2 2
1. S
tate and Prove Basic Proportionality Statement: SEP-20 B is common BDA = 90°
Since F is midpoint of AB, 2. S
how that the points P (–1.5, 3), Q (6, –2), 1
Theorem (BPT) or Thales Theorem.MAY-22 The internal bisector of an angle of a triangle BAC = BDA = [52–4]
AF = FB. So AF = 1 R (–3, 4) are collinear. MAY-22 2

et
= 90° ...... (3)
divides the opposite side internally in the ratio FB 1
Solution: = [48] = 24 sq.units.
of the corresponding sides containing the angle Therefore, By AA similarity Thus, multiplying (1), (2), (3) we get 2
∆ABC ~ ∆ABD Area of ∆PQR = 0

i.N

i.N
Proof BD CE AF -1.5 3 x1 y1 -10 -4
× × x1 y1
Given: AB BC 1 x2 y2 1 -8 -1
= DC EA FB 1 x2 y2 1 6 -2
In ∆ABC, AD is the internal bisector BD AB =0 =0 ii. Area of ∆ = =
2 x3 y3 2 -3 4 2 x3 y3 2 -3 -5
=1×1×1=1
To Prove: AB2 = BC × BD -10 -4

la
Statement: x1 y1 -1.5 3 x1 y1
AB BD ..... (1) And so, Ceva’s theorem is satisfied.
A straight line drawn parallel to a side of = . 1
CD 2. Compare ∆ABC Given BAC = 90° Hence the Medians are concurrent. 1 = [(10+40+12)–(32+3+50)
AC [(3+24–9) – (18+6–6)] = 0 2

sa
triangle intersecting the other two sides, divides 2
and ∆ADC and by construction 1
the sides in the same ratio. Construction: *** 1
C is common CDA = 90° [18 – 18] = 0 =
[62 – 85]
Proof 2 2
Draw a line through C parallel to AB. BAC = ADC
Given: 5. Coordinate Geometry Therefore, the given points are collinear.
1
da

da
In ∆ABC, D is a point on AB and E is a point Extend AD to meet line through C at E. = 90° =
[–23] = –11.5 sq.units.
3. I f the area of the triangle formed by the 2
on AC No. Statement Reason Therefore, By AA similarity 2 Marks vertices A (–1, 2), B (k, –2) and C (7, 4) (taken Area of the Triangle = 11.5 sq.units
To Prove: 1. AEC = BAE Two parallel lines ∆ABC ~ ∆ADC 1. F
ind the area of the triangle whose vertices in order) is 22 sq. units, find the value of k.
AD AE 5.
Determine whether the sets of points are
Pa

Pa
= = 1 cut by a transversal BC AC are (–3, 5), (5, 6) and (5, –2) Solution:
DB EC = collinear?
make alternate AC DC Solution: The vertices are A (–1, 2), B (k, –2) and C (7, 4)
Construction: Draw a line DE || BC angles equal. æ 1 ö
Area of ∆ABC is 22 sq.units (i) ç - , 3÷ (–5, 6) and (–8, 8)
AC2 = BC × DC è 2 ø
No. Statement Reason 2. ∆ACE is In ∆ACE
... (2) -1 2
w.

w.
isosceles CAE = CEA. Solution:
1. ABC = ADE Corresponding Adding (1) and (2) we get 1 k -2
AC = CE …. (1) = 22 æ 1 ö
1 angles are equal - , 3 (–5, 6) and (–8, 8)
because DE || BC 3. ∆ABD ~ ∆ECD By AA Similarity AB2 + AC2 = BC × BD + BC × DC 2 7 4 èç 2 ø÷ 1
ww

ww
AB BD = BC (BD + DC) -1 2 x1 y1 - 3
2. ACB = AED Corresponding = 2
2 angles are equal CE CD AB2 + AC2 = BC × BC = BC2 -1 2 1 x2 y2 1 -5 6
Hence the theorem is proved. Area of ∆ = =
because DE || BC 4. AB BD From (1) k -2 2 x3 y3 2 -8 8
= = 44
3. DAE = BAC Both triangles have AC CD AC = CE. 4. S
how that in a triangle, the medians are 7 4 x1 y1 1
Hence Proved. concurrent. - 3
3 a common angle. SEP-21 -1 2 2
∆ABC ~ ∆ADE By AAA similarity Solution: 1
3. State and Prove Pythagoras Theorem. {(2 + 4k + 14) – (2k – 14 – 4)} = 44 = [(–3–40–24) – (–15–48–4)]
Corresponding sides 2
AB AC Statement: 4k + 16 – 2k + 18 = 44
= are proportional 1
AD AE In a right angle triangle, the square on the 2k + 34 = 44 = [(–67) – (–67)] = 0
A(–3, 5), B(5, –2), C(5,6) 2
Split AB and AC hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares 2k = 10
AD + DB The given points are collinear.
using the points D on the other two sides. Therefore k =5
AD x1y1 x2y2 x3y3
and E 4. F
ind the area of the triangle formed by the
= AE + EC points (i) (1, –1), (–4, 6) and (–3, –5)
AE
(ii) (ii) (–10, –4), (–8, –1) and (–3, –5)
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

41 42 43
(ii) (a, b+c), (b, c+a) and (c, a+b) (0+2p+0) – (0+48+0) = 40 ii. (a, 2–2a), (–a+1, 2a) and (–4–a, 6–2a) 2. F
ind the area of the quadrilateral formed 1
2p – 48 = 40 ∆ = 0 sq.units. by the points (8, 6), (5, 11), (–5, 12) and = [90–(20)]
Solution: 2
x1 y1 a b+c 2p = 88 (2a2–6a+2a2+6–2a–8+8a–2a+2a2) – (–4, 3).
1
1 x2 y2 1 b c+a p = 44 (–2a+2a2+2–2a–8a–2a2+6a–2a2) = 0 Solution: = [70] = 35 sq. units
Area of ∆ = = 2
2 x3 y3 2 c a+b ii. A (p, p), B (5, 6), C (5, –2) (6a2–2a–2) – (–2a2–6a+2) = 0
(ii) (–9, 0), (–8, 6), (–1, –2) and (–6, –3)
x1 y1 a b+c Area of ∆ = 32 sq.units 8a2 + 4a – 4 = 0 ÷ 4
2a2 + a – 1 = 0 Solution:
1 x1 y1 A
2 2 2
= [(ac +a + ab + b +bc + c ) – (a+1) (2a–1) = 0 (–8, 6)
2 1 x2 y2
(b2 + bc + c2 + ca + a2 + ab] = 32 1
1 2 x3 y3 a = + and a = –1
= [ac + a2 + ab + b2 + bc + c2 – b2 – bc – c2 – 2 B
2 ca – a2 – ab] x1 y1 Aliter:
(–9, 0)
1 p p (a, a–2a), (–a+1, 2a), (–4–a, 6–2a)
= [0] = 0 sq.units. x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3 D
(–1, –2)
et

et
2 1 5 6
= 32 1 x1 - x2 x1 - x3 C (–6, –3)
Aliter: 2 5 -2 Area of ∆ = =0
2 y1 - y2 y1 - y3 Before determining the area of the 1
(a, b+c), (b, c+a), (c, a+b) p p = [(10 + 45 + 28 + 2) – (10 + 20 + 9 + 14)] A (–8, 6), B (–9, 0), C (–6, –3), D (–1, –2)
i.N

i.N

i.N
quadrilateral, plot the vertices in a graph 2
x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3 a + a -1 a+4+a
p p =0 A (8, 6), B (5, 11), C (–5, 12) and D (–4, 3). 1 -8 6
2 - 2a - 2a 2 - 2a - 6 + 2a = [85 – 53]
1 x1 - x2 x1 - x3 5 6 Therefore, area of the quadrilateral ABCD 2 -9 0
Area of ∆ = = 64
2 y1 - y2 y1 - y3 2a - 1 2a + 4 x1 y1 1 1
5 -2 =0 8 6 = [32] = 16 sq.units Area of the quadrilateral = -6 -3
la

la
2 - 4a -4 2 2
1 a-b a-c p p x2 y2 5 11 -1 -2
= –4(2a–1) – (2–4a) (2a+4) = 0 1 1 So, Area of parking lot = 16 sq.feets.
2 b+c-c-a b+c-a-b (6p–10+5p) – (5p+30–2p) = 64 x3 y3 = -5 12 -8 6
sa

sa
–8a+4 – [4a+8–8a2–16a] =0 2 2 Construction rate per square fee = ` 1300 1
1 a-b a-c 6p – 10 + 5p – 5p – 30 + 2p = 64 x4 y4 -4 3 = [(0+27+12 –6) – (–54+0+3+16)]
= –8a+4–4a–8+8a2+16a =0 Therefore, total cost for constructing the 2
2 - ( a - b) - ( a - c ) 8p – 40 = 64 x1 y1 8 6 parking lot = 16 × 1300 = ` 20,800
1 8p = 64 + 40 8a2+4a–4 =0 1 1
= [27+12–6+54–3–16]
da

da
= [(a–b) (a–c) + (a–b) (a–c)] = [(88 + 60 – 15 – 24) – (30 – 55 – 48 + 24)] 4. F
ind the area of the quadrilateral whose 2
2 8p = 104 2a2+a–1 =0 2
1
vertices are at
= [0] = 0 p =
104 (a+1) (2a–1) =0 1
= [88 + 60 – 15 – 24 – 30 + 55 + 48 – 24] (i) (–9, –2), (–8, –4), (2, 2) and (1, –3) = 1 [(27+12+54) – (6+3+16)]
2 1 2 2
8 a = –1 (or) a =
Pa

Pa
2 1 Solution: 1 1
The given points are collinear. p = 13 = [88 + 60 + 55 + 48 – 15 – 24 – 30 – 24] = [93–25] = [68] = 34 sq. units
5 Marks 2
6. V
ertices of given triangles are taken in order 7. I n each of the following, find the value of ‘a’ 2 2
1. T
he floor of a hall is covered with identical 1
and their areas are provided aside. In each for which the given points are collinear. = [251 – 93] Aliter:
tiles which are in the shapes of triangles. 2
case, find the value of ‘p’.
w.

w.
(i) (2, 3), (4, a) and (6, –3) One such triangle has the vertices at (–3, 2), 1 A(–8, 6), B(–9, 0), C(–6, –3), D(–1, –2)
Area (–1, –1) and (1, 2). If the floor of the hall is = [158] = 79 sq.units.
S.No. Vertices (ii) (a, 2–2a), (–a+1, 2a) and (–4–a, 6–2a) 2 A D
(2, 2)
x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3 x4, y4
(sq.units) completely covered by 110 tiles, find the area
Solution: (–9, –2)
(i) (0, 0), (p, 8), (6, 2) 20 of the floor. 3. T
he given diagram shows a plan for Area of the quadrilateral
ww

ww
i. (2, 3), (4, a) and (6, –3) constructing a new parking lot at a campus. C (1, –3)
1 x1 - x3 x2 - x4
(ii) (p, p), (5, 6), (5, –2) 32 Solution:
=
∆=0 It is estimated that such construction would B (–8, –4)
Vertices of one triangular tile are at 2 y1 - y3 y2 - y4
Solution: cost ` 1300 per square feet. What will be the
x1 y1 2 3 (–3, 2), (–1, –1) (1, 2) Let A (–9, –2), B (–8, –4), C (1, –3), D (2, 2)
i.
A (0, 0), B (p, 8), C (6, 2) total cost for making the parking lot? 1 -8 - (-6) -9 - (-1)
x2 y2 4 a -3 2 -9 -2 =
Area of ∆ABC = 20 sq.units. =0 =0 Solution: 2 6 - (-3) 0 - (-2)
x1 y1 x3 y3 6 -3 1 -1 -1 -8 -4
Area of this tile = The parking lot is a quadrilateral whose vertices 1
1 x2 y2 x1 y1 2 3 2 1 2 Area of the quadrilateral = 1 -3 1 -8 + 6 -9 + 1 1 -2 -8
= Area of ∆ABC A (2, 2), B (5, 5), C (4, 9) and D (1, 7). 2 = =
2 x3 y3 [(2a–12+18) – (12+6a–6)] =0 -3 2 2 2 2 6+3 0+2 2 9 2
1 Therefore, Area of parking lot is
x1 y1 2a – 12 + 18 – 12 – 6a + 6 =0 = {(3–2+2)–(–2–1–6)} x1 y1 -9 -2 1 1
2 2 2 1 = [–4 + 72] = [68] = 34 sq. units
0 0 –4a =0 = [(36+24+2–4) – (16–4–6–18)] 2 2
1 x2 y2 5 5 2
= (12) = 6 sq.units 1 1
1 p 8 a =0 2 x3 y3 = 4 9 1
= 20 Since the floor is covered by 110 triangle 2 2 = [(36+24+2–4–16+4+6+18)]
2 6 2 x4 y4 1 7 2
shaped identical tiles, 1
0 0 x1 y1 2 2 = [(36+24+2+4+6+18) – (4+16)]
Area of the floor = 110 × 6 = 660 sq. units 2
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

44 45 46
ind the value of k, if the area of a
5. F -5 -4 10. A
player sitting on the top of a tower of
quadrilateral is 28 sq.units, whose vertices
x1 y1
= (1 + cosq )2 = (1 + cosq )2 (1 + sin q )2 (1 - sin q )2 AC = 75 ´ 2 ´ 3 =
150 3
height 20 m observes the angle of depression
1 x2 y2 1 1 6 = + 3
are (–4, –2), (–3, k), (3, –2) and (2, 3) SEP-20 Area of the ∆ABC = = 1 - cos 2 q sin 2 q 1 - sin 2 q 1 - sin 2 q 3 3 of a ball lying on the ground as 60°. Find the
2 x3 y3 2 7 -4 2
distance between the foot of the tower and
Solution: æ 1 + cos q ö 1 + cos q (1 + sin q ) + (1 - sin q )2
2 AC = 50 3 m
= = =
x1 y1 -5 -4 èç sin q ø÷ sin q cos 2 q Hence, the length of the string is 50 3 m. the ball. ( 3 = 1.732)
-4 -2 cos 2 q
1 1 cos q
-3 k = [(–30 – 4 –28) – (–4 + 42 + 20)] = + 1 + sin q 1 - sin q 8. F
ind the angle of elevation of the top of a
1 2 sin q sin q = + tower from a point on the ground, which is
3 -2 = 28 cos q cos q
2 1 LHS = cosecθ + cotθ 30 m away from the foot of a tower of height
= [–62 – 58] 1 + sin q + 1 - sin q 2
2 3 LHS = RHS = = 10 3 m. SEP-21
2 cos q cos q
-4 -2 4. Prove the following identities. = 2secθ Solution:
1
(–4k + 6 + 9 – 4) – (6 + 3k – 4 –12) = 56 = [–120] (i) cotθ + tanθ = secθ cosecθ Hence Proved.
2
(11 – 4k) – (3k – 10 ) = 56 Solution: 6. A
tower stands vertically on the ground.
= 60 sq. units.

et
11 – 4k – 3k + 10 = 56 LHS = cotθ + tanθ From a point on the ground, which is 48 m
60
21 – 7k = 56 The required number of buckets = = 10 cos q sin q away from the foot of the tower, the angle of
6 = +
7k = –35 sin q cos q elevation of the top of the tower is 30°. Find

i.N

i.N
*** Solution:
k = –5 cos 2 q + sin 2 q 1 the height of the tower.
= = Let BC be the height of the tower and A be the
6. I f the points A (–3, 9), B (a, b) and 6. Trigonometry sin q cos q sin q cos q
position of the ball lying on the ground.
C (4, –5) are collinear and if a + b = 1, then = secθ cosecθ In ∆ABC
2 Marks Then, BC = 20 m and

la
find a and b. LHS = RHS. opposite side 10 3
sinA 1 - cosA tanθ = tan θ = XCA = 60° = CAB
1. Prove that = Adjacent side 30
Solution: (ii) tan4θ + tan2θ = sec4θ − sec2θ Let AB = x metres.
1 + cosA sinA

sa
iven A (–3, 9), B(a, b), C(4, –5) are collinear
G Solution: 3 3 In the right angled triangle ABC,
Solution: tan θ = tan θ =
and a + b = 1 ..... (1) LHS = tan4θ + tan2θ = tan2θ (tan2θ + 1) 3 3 3 20
sin A sin A 1 - cos A Solution: 1 tan 60° =
Area of the triangle formed by 3 points = 0 = ´ = tan2θ (sec2θ) ( 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ) PQ tan θ = θ = 30° AB
da
1 + cos A 1 + cos A 1 - cos A

da
In ∆PQR tanθ = 3 20
-3 9 = (sec2θ – 1) (sec2θ) ( tan2θ = sec2θ – 1) QR 3 =
sin A (1 - cos A) 9. A road is flanked on either side by AB
1 a b = = sec4θ – sec2θ h
=0 tan 30° = continuous rows of houses of height 20 3
2 4 -5 (1 + cos A)(1 - cos A) LHS = RHS 48 4 3 m with no space in between them. A AB = ×
3
Pa

Pa
3
-3 9 sin A (1 - cos A) 5. Prove the following identities. 1 h pedestrian is standing on the median of
= = 20 ´ 1.732
1 - cos 2 A 1 + sinq 3 48 the road facing a row house. The angle of AB = 20 3 =
(–3b – 5a +36) – (9a + 4b + 15) = 0 (i) = secθ tanθ SEP-20 3 3
sin A (1 - cos A) 1 - cos A 1 - sinq elevation from the pedestrian to the top of
–5a – 3b + 36 – 9a – 4b – 15 = 0 = = 48 3 48 3 34.640
h= ´ = = 16 3 the house is 30°. Find the width of the road. = = 11.54 m
w.

w.
– 14a – 7b + 21 = 0 sin 2 A sin A Solution: 3 3 3 3
Solution:
–14a – 7b = –21 1 + sin q 1 + sin q Therefore the height of the tower is, Hence, the distance between the foot of the
2. Prove that 1+
cot 2q
= cosecθ
LHS = × D
1 - sin q 1 + sin q h = 16 3 m tower and the ball is 11.55 m.
14a + 7b = 21 (÷7) 1 + cosecq
ww

ww
2a + b = 3 ..... (2) Solution: = (1 + sin q )2 = (1 + sin q ) 2

7. A
kite is flying at a height of 75 m above the
11. F
rom the top of a rock 50 m high, the
Given a + b = 1 ..... (1) 1 - sin q 2
cos q 2 angle of depression of a car on the ground is
cot 2 q cosec 2q - 1 ground. The string attached to the kite is
1+ = 1+ 1 + sin q 1 sin q observed to be 30°. Find the distance of the
(1) – (2) a = 2 b = –1 1 + cosecq cosecq + 1 = = + temporarily tied to a point on the ground. I n the figure, BC – House, AB – Width of Road,
cos q cos q cos q car from the rock. MAY-22
[ cosec2θ – 1 = cot2θ] The inclination of the string with the ground P – Median of Road
7. A
triangular shaped glass with vertices at = secθ + tanθ = RHS is 60° . Find the length of the string, assuming Solution:
A (–5, –4) , B (1, 6) and C (7, –4) has to be = 1+
(cosecq + 1)(cosecq - 1) AP = PB = x
Hence Proved. that there is no slack in the string. BC
painted. If one bucket of paint covers 6 cosecq + 1 In ∆PBC, tan30° =
Solution: PB
square feet, how many buckets of paint will = 1+(cosecθ – 1) = cosecθ 1 + sinq 1 - sinq 1
(ii) + = 2secθ AB 4 3 4 3
be required to paint the whole glass, if only 1 - sinq 1 + sinq In ∆ABCsinθ = tan30° = =
1 + cosq AC PB 3 PB
one coat of paint is applied. 3. Prove that = cosecθ + cotθ
1 - cosq Solution: 75 PB = 4 3 × 3 = 4 × 3 = 12
Solution: sin 60° =
Solution: 1 + sin q 1 + sin q AC Hence, Width of Road
LHS = ´ opposite side
The required number of buckets = 1 - sin q 1 + sin q 3 75 = AP + PB = 12 + 12 = 24 m In ∆ABC, tanθ =
1 + cos q 1 + cos q 1 + cos q = Adjacent side
Area of the ∆ABC
1 - cos q
= ´
1 - cos q 1 + cos q + 1 - sin q ´ 1 - sin q 2 AC
Area of the paint covered by one bucket 1 + sin q 1 - sin q
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

47 48 49
4 3 3. A container open at the top is in the form of a
tan 30° =
50 3
7. Mensuration p r1 r3 (4 x)3 43 ´ x 3
= 22 (5 + 2) × 5 frustum of a cone of height 16 cm with radii 8. Statistics and Probability
KC = 3 = 13 = = 3 3 7
of its lower and upper ends are 8 cm and 20
1 50 3 2 Marks 4 3 r2 (7 x)3 7 ´x 22 2 Marks
= pr = ×7×5 cm respectively. Find the cost of milk which
3 KC 3 2 7
1. T
he slant height of a frustum of a cone is can completely fill a container at the rate of 1. F
ind the range and coefficient of range of the
43 64 = 110 m2
KC = 50 3 × 3 5 cm and the radii of its ends are 4 cm and = = `40 per litre. MAY-22 following data: 25, 67, 48, 53, 18, 39, 44.
1 cm. Find its curved surface area. 73 343 T.S.A. = π(R +r)l + πR2 + πr2 sq. units
= 50 (3) = 150 m Solution: Solution:
Hence the ratio of the volumes is 64 : 343
Solution: = π[(R+r)l +R2+r2] Largest value L = 67; Smallest value S = 18
12. T
he horizontal distance between two h = 16 cm, r = 8 cm, R = 20 cm,
l = 5 cm, R = 4 cm, r = 1 cm 5. A
solid sphere and a solid hemisphere have 22 Range R = L − S = 67 − 18 = 49
buildings is 70 m. The angle of depression of = [(5+2)5+52+22] Volume of the frustum
equal total surface area. Prove that the ratio 7
the top of the first building when seen from C.S.A of the frustum = π (R + r) l sq.units 1 L-S
22 of their volume is 3 3 :4. 22 1408 = πh[R2 + Rr + r2] cu. units Coefficient of range =
the top of the second building is 45°. If the = (4+1) × 5 = (35+25+4) = = 201.14m2 3 L+S
height of the second building is 120 m, find 7 Solution: 7 7
22 ´ 5 ´ 5 550 1 22 67 - 18 49
the height of the first building. ( 3 = 1.732) = = Given Therefore, C.S.A. = 110 m2 and = × × 16 [202 + 20(8) + 82] Coefficient of range = = = 0.576
67 + 18 85
et

et
7 7 Total Surface Area of a solid Sphere 3 7
Solution: T.S.A. = 201.14 m2
= 78.57 cm2 1 22 2. Find the range of the following distribution.
= Total surface Area of a solid hemisphere 2. T
he frustum shaped outer portion of the = × × 16 [400 + 160 + 64]
2. T
he radius and height of a cylinder are in 4πR2 = 3πr2 3 7 Age (in 16- 18- 20- 22- 24- 26-
i.N

i.N

i.N
table lamp has to be painted including the
the ratio 5:7 and its curved surface area is R2 3 R 1 22 years) 18 20 22 24 26 28
= =
3 top part. Find the total cost of painting the = × × 16 × 624
5500 sq.cm. Find its radius and height. 3 7 Number
r2 4 r 2 lamp if the cost of painting 1 sq.cm is ` 2. 0 4 6 8 2 2
Solution: Ratio of their volumes = 10459 cm3 of students
Solution:
r : h = 5 : 7 r = 5x cm , h = 7x cm 4 3
la

la
pR 3 3 = 10.459 litre Solution:
2R 3 R é 3ù
CSA = 5500 sq.cm = 3 = 3 = 2 éê ùú = 2 ê ú The cost of milk is ` 40 per litre Here
2 3 r ërû
22 pr ë 2 û The cost of 10.459 litres milk = 10.459 × 40 Largest value, L = 28
sa

sa
2πrh = 5500 2 × × 5x × 7x = 5500 3
7 3 3 = ` 418.36 Smallest Value, S = 18
CD – First Building,
x2 =
5500
= 25 x = 5 2× 3 3 =
AB – Second Building 2 ´ 22 ´ 5 8 4 4. If the radii of the circular ends of a frustum Range R = L–S
which is 45 cm high are 28 cm and 7 cm, find R = 28 – 18 = 10 Years.
da

da
From the figure AB = 120 m, Hence, Radius = 5 × 5 = 25 cm, Ratio of their volumes = 3 3 : 4
From the given figure, r = 6m, R = 12m the volume of the frustum. SEP-21
EB = CD = x, AE=120 – x, Height = 7 × 5 = 35 cm 5 Marks and h = 8m. 3. T
he range of a set of data is 13.67 and the
Solution: largest value is 70.08. Find the smallest
EC = BD = 70 m 3. T
he volumes of two cones of same base 1. A
n industrial metallic bucket is in the shape
AE But, l = h2 + ( R - r )2 height of the frustum, h = 45 cm, value.
Pa

Pa
In ∆ACE, tan 45° = radius are 3600 cm3 and 5040 cm3. Find the of the frustum of a right circular cone whose
EC bottom radii, R = 28 cm, Solution:
ratio of heights. |May 22| top and bottom diameters are 10 m and 4 m = 82 + 62 = 10 = 10
120 - x and whose height is 4 m. Find the curved top radii, r = 7 cm Range R = 13.67
1= Solution: l = 10 m
70 and total surface area of the bucket. Volume of the frustum Largest value L = 70.08
Ratio of the volumes of two cones The required total arc of table lamp
w.

w.
1 1 Solution: 1 Range R = L − S
120 – x = 70 m = πr2 h1: πr2 h2 = πh [R2 + Rr + r2] cu.units
= CSA of frustrum + Area of the top 3
x = 50 m 3 3 13.67 = 70.08 −S
= h1 : h2 = π(R + r)l + πr2 1 22
= × × 45 [282 + 28 × 7 + 72] S = 70.08 −13.67 = 56.41
ww

ww
*** 22 22 3 7
= 3600 : 5040 = ×18×10 + ×6×6 Therefore, the smallest value is 56.41
7 7 1 22
= 360 : 504 = × × 45 [784 + 196 + 49] 4. F
ind the range and coefficient of range of
22 22 3 7
= 40 : 56 Let h, l, R and r be the height, slant height, = ×6[30+6] = × 6 × 36 following data SEP-20
7 7 1 22
=5:7 outer radius and inner radius of the frustum. = × × 45 ×1029 (i) 63, 89, 98, 125, 79, 108, 117, 68
= 678.86 m2 3 7
4. I f the ratio of radii of two spheres is 4:7, find Given that, diameter of the top =10 m; (ii) 43.5, 13.6, 18.9, 38.4, 61.4, 29.8
Cost of painting for 1 sq.m. is ` 2. = 22 × 15 × 147 = 48510 cm3
the ratio of their volumes. radius of the top R = 5 m. Solution:
diameter of the bottom = 4 m; The total cost of painting i.63, 89, 98, 125, 79, 108, 117, 68
Solution: ***
radius of the bottom r = 2 m, height h = 4 m = 678.86 × 2 = `1357.72. L = 125, S = 63
The ratio of radii of two spheres = 4 : 7
Let radius of first sphere is 4x, h2 + ( R - r )2 Range, R = L – S = 125 – 63 = 62
Now, l =
that is r1 = 4x L-S
= 42 + (5 - 2) 2 Coefficient of Range =
Let radius of second sphere is 7x, L+S
that is r2 = 7x l = 16 + 9 = 25 =5 m 125 - 63 62
= = = 0.33
The ratio of their volumes C.S.A. = π(R + r)l sq. units 125 + 63 188

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

50 51 52
ii. 43.5, 13.6, 18.9, 38.4, 61.4, 29.8 9. I f the standard deviation of a data is 3.6 and 2
765 n(A) = 3 2 2 1 n + 1 é n - 1ù n2 - 1
each value of the data is divided by 3, then σ= Sx 2 æ Sx ö = - (6)
2
3 21. If P(A) = , P(B) = , P(A B) = then find Variance σ2 = =
L = 61.4, S = 13.6 -ç ÷ n(A)
n è nø 5 P(A) = = P(A B). 3 5 3 2 êë 6 úû 12
Range, R = L – S = 61.4 – 13.6 = 47.8 find the new variance and new standard n(S) 8
L-S deviation. = 153 - 36 = 117 Solution: 2. T
wo dice are rolled. Find the probability
17. What is the probability that a leap year
Coefficient of Range = Solution: 2 2 1 that the sum of outcomes is (i) equal to 4
L+S = 10.8 selected at random will contain 53 Saturdays. P(A) = , P(B) = , P(A B) =
he new standard deviation of a data is 3.6, and
T 3 5 3 (ii) greater than 10 (iii) less than 13 SEP-21
47.8 47.8 s Solution:
= = = 0.64 each of the data is divided by 3 then the new CV = × 100% P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B) Solution:
61.4 + 13.6 75.0 x A leap year has 366 days.
standard deviation is also divided by 3. 1080
2 2 1 When we roll two dice, the sample space is
5. If the range and the smallest value of a set of =
10.8
× 100 = = 180% So it has 52 full weeks and 2 days. = + –
3.6 6
3 5 3 given by
data are 36.8 and 13.4 respectively, then find The new standard deviation = =1.2 6 52 Saturdays must be in 52 full weeks.
the largest value. 3 10 + 6 - 5 S = { ( 1 , 1 ) , ( 1 , 2 ) , ( 1 , 3 ) , ( 1 , 4 ) , ( 1 , 5 ) , ( 1 , 6 )
14. A bag contains 5 blue balls and 4 green balls. S = {(Sun - Mon, Mon - Tue, Tue - Wed, =
The new variance = (Standard Deviation)2 A ball is drawn at random from the bag. 15 (2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6)
Solution: Wed - Thu, Thu - Fri, Fri - Sat, Sat - Sun)} 11
= σ2 = (1.2)2 = 1.44 Find the probability that the ball drawn is P(A B) = (3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6)
Range, R = 36.8 n(S) = 7
(i) blue (ii) not blue. 15 (4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6)

et
Smallest Value, S = 13.4 10. T
he mean of a data is 25.6 and its coefficient Let A be the event of getting 53rd Saturday.
of variation is 18.75. Find the standard (5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6)
Largest Value, L = R + S Solution: Then A = {Fri - Sat, Sat - Sun} n(A) = 2 22. T
he probability that atleast one of A and B
deviation. (6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6) };
= 36.8 + 13.4 = 50.2 Total number of possible outcomes Probability of getting 53 Saturdays in a leap occur is 0.6. If A and B occur simultaneously

i.N

i.N
with probability 0.2, then find P(A)+P(B). n (S) = 36
Solution: n(S) = 5 + 4 = 9 n(A) 2
6. Calculate the range of the following data. year is P(A) = = i) Let A be the event of getting the sum of outcome
Mean x = 25.6 i) Let A be the event of getting a blue ball. n(S) 7 Solution:
Income 400-450 450-500 500-550 values equal to 4.
Coefficient of variation, C.V. = 18.75 Number of favourable outcomes for the Given P(A B) = 0.6, P(A B) = 0.2
Number of s 18. A
die is rolled and a coin is tossed Then A = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 1)}; n(A)= 3.
event A. Therefore, n(A) = 5 P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B)

la
8 12 30 C.V = × 100 simultaneously. Find the probability that the Probability of getting the sum of outcomes
workers x Probability that the ball drawn is blue. P(A) + P(B) = P(A B) + P(A B)
s die shows an odd number and the coin shows equal to 4 is
Income 550-600 600-650 18.75 = × 100 n(A) 5 = 0.6 + 0.2
Therefore, P(A) = = a head. 3 1

sa
25.6 SEP-21 n(A)
Number of n(S) 9 = 0.8 P(A) = = =
21 6 18.75 ´ 25.6 Solution: n(S) 36 12
workers σ = = 4.8 ii) A will be the event of not getting a blue ball. P(A) + P(B) = 1 – P(A) + 1 – P(B)
100 5 4 ii) L et B be the event of getting the sum of outcome
Solution:
So P(A) = 1− P(A) = 1 − = = 2 – [P(A) + P(B)]
da

da
11. The standard deviation and mean of a values greater than 10.
Given: Largest Value, L = 650 9 9 = 2 – 0.8
data are 6.5 and 12.5 respectively. Find the Then B = {(5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)}; n(B) = 3
Smallest Value,, S = 400 coefficient of variation. 15. Two coins are tossed together. What is the = 1.2
Probability of getting the sum of outcomes
Range = L – S = 650 – 400 = 250 probability of getting different faces on the 5 Marks
Solution: greater than 10 is
Pa

Pa
s coins? MAY-22
7. F
ind the standard deviation of first 21 Co-efficient of variation C.V. = × 100. ind the mean and variance of the first n
1. F n(B) 3 1
x Solution: P(B) = = =
natural numbers. σ = 6.5, x =12.5 natural numbers. n(S) 36 12
Solution: When two coins are tossed together, the sample iii) Let C be the event of getting the sum of
s 6.5 Solution:
CV = × 100 = × 100 space is Sum of all the observations outcomes less than 13. Here all the outcomes
w.

w.
Standard Deviation of first 21 natural numbers, x 12.5 Mean x =
S = {HH,HT,TH,TT}; n (S) = 4 Number of observations have the sum value less than 13. Hence C = S .
n2 - 1 6500
σ = = = 52 % Let A be the event of getting different faces on Therefore, n(C) = n(S) = 36
12 125 the coins.
Sample space = Sxi = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n = n (n + 1)
Probability of getting the total value less than
ww

ww
12. If the mean and coefficient of variation of a S = {1H, 1T, 2H, 2T, 3H, 3T, 4H, 4T, 5H, 5T, n n 2´ n
(21)2 - 1 441 - 1 440 A = {HT,TH}; n (A) = 2 n +1 13 is
= = = data are 15 and 48 respectively, then find the 6H, 6T}; x= n(C) 36
12 12 12 Probability of getting different faces on the 2 P(C) = = =1
value of standard deviation. n(S) = 12
coins is Variance σ2 n(S) 36
= 36.66 = 6.05 Solution: Let A be the event of getting an odd number
n(A)
x = 15 , C.V. = 48, P(A) = = 2=1 and a head. 2 2 2 2 2
Sxi 2 æ Sxi ö Sxi = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n
2
3. T
wo dice are rolled together. Find the
8. I f the standard deviation of a data is 4.5 and n(S) 4 2 = -ç
if each value of the data is decreased by 5, s A = {1H, 3H, 5H}; n(A) = 3 n è n ÷ø (Sx )2 = (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n) 2 probability of getting a doublet or sum of
CV = × 100 16. A
coin is tossed thrice. What is the probability n(A) 3 1
i
faces as 4.
then find the new standard deviation. x P(A) = = = 2
of getting two consecutive tails? n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1)
Solution: C.V ´ x 48 ´ 15 720 n(S) 12 4 = - Solution:
σ= = = = 7.2 6´n 2´n
standard deviation of a data, σ = 4.5 Solution: 19. If P(A) = 0.37 , P(B) = 0.42 , P(A B) = 0.09 n(S) = 36
100 100 100
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, then find P(A B) . n + 1 é 2n + 1 n + 1 ù When two dice are rolled together, there will be
each value of the data decreased by 5, = -
13. If n = 5 , x = 6 , x2 = 765, then calculate the TTT} Solution: 2 ëê 3 2 ûú 6×6 = 36 outcomes.
the new standard deviation does not change and coefficient of variation.
it is also 4.5. n(S) = 8 P(A) = 0.37 , P(B) = 0.42 , P(A B) = 0.09 n + 1 é 4n + 2 - 3n - 3 ù Let S be the sample space. Then n(S) = 36
Solution: =
Event A : P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B) 2 ëê 6 ûú Let A be the event of getting a doublet and B be
n = 5, x = 6 , Σx2 = 765 Two Consecutive tails = {HTT, TTH, TTT} the event of getting face sum 4.
P(A B) = 0.37 + 0.42 − 0.09 = 0.7
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

53 54 55
Then A = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)} 5. T
wo unbiased dice are rolled once. Find the n(B) 7 et A – probability of getting Defective Bulbs
L 11. T
wo customers Priya and Amuthan are n(A) 1
B = {(1,3), (2,2), (3,1)} probability of getting n(B) = 7 P(B) = = n(A) = x visiting a particular shop in the same week P(A) = =
n(S) 8 n(S) 8
A B = {(2,2)} (i) a doublet (equal numbers on both dice) n(A) x (Monday to Saturday). Each is equally likely
(ii) the product as a prime number iii) C = Probability of getting atmost one head. P(A) = = to visit the shop on any one day as on another ii) F
or getting Entry Fess getting atleast one
Then, n(A) = 6 , n(B) = 3 , n(A B) = 1 n(S) x + 20
(iii) the sum as a prime number C = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT} day. What is the probability that both will Head
n(A) 6 From Given data B = Probability of Getting One or Two
P(A) = = (iv) the sum as 1 SEP-20 n(C) 4 1 visit the shop on
n(S) 36 n(C) = 4 P(C) = = = x 3 (i) the same day Heads
Solution: n(S) 8 2 =
n(B) 3 x + 20 8 (ii) different days B = {TTH, THT, HTT, HHT, HTH, THH}
P(B) = = n(S) = 36
n(S) 36 iv) D = Probability of getting atmost two tails. 8x = 3x + 60 (iii) consecutive days?
i) A = Probability of getting Doublets n(B) = 6
n (A Ç B) 1 D = {TTH, THT, HTT, HHT, HTH, THH, 5x = 60 Solution: n(B) 6 3
P(A B) = = (Equal numbers on both dice) HHH} P(B) = = =
n(S) 36 n(D) x = 12 n(S) = 36 n(S) 8 4
A = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)} 7
n(D) = 7 P(D) = = Number of defective bulbls = 12 i) A be the Probability of Priya and Amuthan
P (getting a doublet or a total of 4) = P(A B) n(A) 6 1 n(S) 8 iii) To loss the entry fees, she have to get no
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B) n(A) = 6; P(A) = = = to visit shop on same day Heads
36 7. A
bag contains 5 red balls, 6 white balls, 7 9. S
ome boys are playing a game, in which the
et

et
n(S) 6
6 3 1 8 2 A = {(Mon, Mon), (Tue, Tue), (Wed, Wed), C = Probability of Getting No Heads
= + – = = B = Probability of getting the product of the green balls, 8 black balls. One ball is drawn stone thrown by them landing in a circular
36 36 36 36 9 at random from the bag. Find the probability region (given in the figure) is considered (Thurs, Thurs), (Fri, Fri), (Sat, Sat)} C = {TTT}
prime number
n(A) = 6
i.N

i.N

i.N
2 that the ball drawn is as win and landing other than the circular n(C) = 1
Hence, the required probability is . ii) B = {(1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (2,1), (3,1), (5,1)} n(A) 6 1
9 (i) white region is considered as loss. What is the P(A) = = = n(C) 1
4. I f A is an event of a random experiment such n(B) 6 1 (ii) black or red probability to win the game? (π = 3.14) n(S) 36 6 P(C) = =
n(B) = 6; P(B) = = = n(S) 8
that P(A) : P( A )=17:15 and n(S) = 640 then n(S) 36 6 (iii) not white ii) P (Priya and Amuthan Visit on Different 1
13. If A and B are two events such thatP(A) =
la

la
find (i) P( A ) (ii) n(A). C = Probability of getting sum of the prime (iv) neither white nor black Days) 1 4
1 5 1
Solution: number. Solution: = P(A) = 1 – P(A) = 1 – = P(B) = and P(A and B) = , find
6 2 8
6
sa

sa
Given n(S) = 640 iii) C ={(1,1), (2,1), (1,2), (1,4), (4,1), (1,6), S = {5 Red, 6 White, 7 Green, 8 Black} (i) P (A or B)
iii) C be the Probability of Priya and Amuthan
17 (6,1), (2,3), (2,5), (3,2), (3,4), (4,3), n(S) = 26 to visit on Consequent days (ii) P(not A and not B).
P(A)
= (5,2), (5,6), (6,5)} i) A – probability of getting white balls
P(A) 15 C = {( Mon, Tue), (Tue, Wed), (Wed, Thurs), Solution:
3
da

da
n(C) 15 6
1 - P(A) 17 n(C) = 14; P(C) = = = 5 n(A) = 6; P(A) = = Solution: (Thurs, Fri), (Fri, Sat) (Tue, Mon), (Wed, i. P (A or B) = P(A B)
= n(S) 36 12 26 13 Total Region = 4 × 3 = 12 sq.ft Tue), (Thurs, Wed), (Fri, Thurs), (Sat, Fri,)}
P(A) 15 = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B)
iv) D = Probability of getting the sum as 1 ii) B – Probability of getting black (or) red n(S) = 12 n(C) = 10
15[1–P(A)] = 17P(A) 1 1 1 5
n(D) balls P (A or B) = + − =
Pa

Pa
n(D) = 0; P(D) = =0 Winning Region = Area of circle n(C) 10 5 4 2 8 8
15–15P(A) = 17P(A) n(S) 13 1 P(C) = = =
n(B) = 8 + 5 =13; P(B) = = = πr2 = π(1)2 n(S) 36 18
15 = 15P(A) + 17P(A) 6. Three fair coins are tossed together. Find the 26 2 ii. P (not A and not B) = P(A B)
probability of getting = π = 3.14 sq. unit
32P(A) = 15
15 (i) all heads
iii) C – Probability of not getting white balls
20 10 n(A) = 3.14
12. I n a game, the entry fee is ` 150. The game
consists of tossing a coin 3 times. Dhana
= P A È B ( )
w.

w.
P(A) = n(C) = 20; P(C) = = n(A)
(ii) atleast one tail 26 13 P(Winning the Game) = bought a ticket for entry . If one or two = 1−P (A B)
32 n(S)
(iii) atmost one head heads show, she gets her entry fee back. If 5 3
P(A) = 1–P(A) (iv) atmost two tails iv) D – Probability of getting of neither white 3.14 314 she throws 3 heads, she receives double the P(not A and not B) = 1− =
= = 8 8
ww

ww
15 nor black 12 1200 entry fees. Otherwise she will lose. Find the
= 1– Solution: 12 6 14. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards.
32
Possible Outcomes = {HHH, HHT, HTH, n(D) = 12; P(D) = = 157 probability that she (i) gets double entry fee
26 13 = Find the probability of getting a king or a
32 - 15 17 THH, TTT, TTH, THT, 600 (ii) just gets her entry fee (iii) loses the entry
= = 8. I n a box there are 20 non-defective and some heart or a red card.
32 32 HTT} 10. The standard deviation and coefficient fee.
defective bulbs. If the probability that a bulb Solution:
n(A) No.of possible outcomes, of variation of a data are 1.2 and 25.6 Solution:
P(A) = selected at random from the box found to be Total number of cards = 52 ; n(S) = 52.
n(S) n(S) = 2×2×2 = 8 respectively. Find the value of mean. S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT,
3 Let A be the event of getting a king card.
17 n(A) defective is then, find the number of Solution: HTT}
= i) A = Probability of getting all heads 8 n(A) 4
32 640 A = {HHH} n(A) = 1 defective bulbs. σ = 1.2, CV = 25.6, x = ? n(S) = 8 n(A) = 4 ; P(A) = =
20 s i) For Receiving double entry Fees have to get n(S) 52
17 ´ 640 n(A) 1 Solution: CV = × 100
n(A) = P(A) = = x Three Heads Let B be the event of getting a heart card
32 n(S) 8 I n a box there are 20 non – defective and 1.2 1200
x = s × 100 = × 100 = A = Probability of Getting three Heads n(B) = 13; P(B) =
n(B)
=
13
n(A) = 340 x defective bulbs C.V 25.6 256
ii) B = Probability of getting atleast one tail A = {HHH} n(S) 52
n(S) = x + 20 x = 4.7
B = {HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, n(A) = 1
HTT}

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

56 57 58
11
Let C be the event of getting a red card 16. T
wo dice are rolled once. Find the probability n(B) = 11; P(B) = 20. I n an apartment, in selecting a house from 1
n(C) 26 of getting an even number on the first die or 18 door numbers 1 to 100 randomly, find the 1 MARK QUESTIONS 10. If f (x) = 2x2 and g(x) =
3x
, then f o g is
n(C) = 26; P(C) = = A B = {7} n(A B) = 1
a total of face sum 8. probability of getting the door number of 3 2
n(S) 52 1 A) B) 2
P(A B) = P(getting heart king) =
1 Solution: P(A B) =
18
the house to be an even number or a perfect 1. Relations and Functions 2x 2
3x
52 S = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6) square number or a perfect cube number. 2
13 P(Either A or B) = P(A B) 1. If n (A×B) = 6 and A = {1, 3} then n (B) is C) 2 D) 1 2
(2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6) Solution: 9x 6x
P(B C) = P(getting red and heart) = = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B) A) 1 B) 2
52 (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6) Total number of houses n(S) = 100 11. If f : A → B is a bijective function and if
3 11 1 13 C) 3 D) 6
P(A C) = P(getting red king) = 2 (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6) = + – = Let A be the event of getting door number even. n(B) = 7, then n (A) is equal to
52 (5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6) 18 18 18 18 A = {2, 4, 6, 8, ........ 100} 2. A = {a, b, p}, B = {2, 3}, C = {p, q, r, s} then A) 7 B) 49
P(A B C) = P(getting heart, king which is (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)} 18. T
hree unbiased coins are tossed once. Find n[(A C) × B] is
1 n(A) = 50 C) 1 D) 14
red) = n(S) =36 the probability of getting atmost 2 tails or n( A) 50 A) 8 B) 20
52 \ P(A) = = 12. Let f and g be two functions given by
A = Probability of getting an even number in atleast 2 heads. n( S ) 100 C) 12 D) 16
Therefore, required probability is f = {(0, 1), (2, 0), (3, −4), (4, 2), (5, 7)},
the first die. Solution: Let B be the n( Bevent
) 10 of getting door number 3. If A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D

et
P (A B C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – P(A B) – = g = {(0, 2), (1, 0), (2, 4), (−4, 2), (7, 0)} then
A = {(2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6) S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, perfect square n( S ) 100 = {5, 6, 7, 8} then state which of the following
n( A) 50 the range of f o g is
P(B C) – P(A C) + P(A B C) (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6) HTT} A = {1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100}
nn((C ) = 1004 statement is true.
S ) A) {0, 2, 3, 4, 5} B) {–4, 1, 0, 2, 7}

i.N

i.N
4 13 26 1 13 1 (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6))} n(S) = 8 n(A) = 10 = A) (A×C) (B×D) B) (B×D) (A×C)
= + + – – – 2 + n( S ) 100
n( B) 10 C) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} D) {0, 1, 2}
52 52 52 52 52 52 52 n(A) 18 A = Probability of getting atmost 2 tails C) (A×B) (A×D) D) (D×A) (B×A)
n(A) = 18; P(A) = = \ P(A) = 5 =
28 7 n(S) 36 A = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTH, THT, n( S ) 2 1002 1 13. Let f (x) = 1 + x 2 then
= = n( A)100 50
100 100 100 4. If there are 1024 relations from a set A =
52 13 B = Probability of getting a total face sum is 8 HTT} Let C be the nn((C ) = 100
event 4 getting door numbern( A) = 50
of A) f(xy) = f(x).f(y) B) f(xy)³ ≥ f(x).f(y)
50S ) =10 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} to a set B, then the number of

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7 4 5 2 2 1
15. I n a class of 50 students, 28 opted for NCC,
B = {(2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2)} n(A) = 7 P(A) = perfect cube n( S )+ 100+ - - - n( S ) + 100 elements in B is C) f(xy) ≤ f(x).f(y) D) None of these
8 n( B ) 100
100 10 100 100 100 100 100
n(B) A = {1, 8, =27, 64}
5( S ) 2 1002 1 n( B) 10
30 opted for NSS and 18 opted both NCC 5 B = Probability of getting atmost 2 heads n65 9 56 14 = A) 3 B) 2 14. If g = {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7)} is a function
n(B) = 5; P(B) = =

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and NSS. One of the students is selected at n(S) 36
n(A) = 4100 - 100
100 = 100 = n( A)n( S )50 100
B = {HHT, HTH, THH, HHH} n(C ) 1004 100 25
100 = C) 4 D) 8 given by g (x) = αx + β then the values of a
random. Find the probability that A B = {(2,6), (4, 4), (6, 2)} \ P(A) = 50 =10 4 5 2n( S )n(2C100) 14
and b are
n(B) = 4 P(B) =
4 n( S )+ 100+ - - - += 5. The range of the relation R = {(x, x2) | x is a
(i) The student opted for NCC but not NSS. 100 100 100 100 n( A 100 )n100
)n( B50
( S )10 100
100 A) (–1, 2) B) (2, –1)
n(A B) = 3 8 P(AÇB) = P5 2 2 1 = prime number less than 13} is
da

da
(ii) The student opted for NSS but not NCC. P(A B) =
4 65 9 56 14 n( S )n=( S100 ) 5 100 2 2 1 C) (–1, –2) D) (1, 2)
3 (getting even - 100
100perfect
100 =square
100 =number) = A) {2,3,5,7} B) {2,3,5,7,11}
(iii) The student opted for exactly one of P(A B) = 8 100 100 100 25 n(C )100 100 4 100 100
36 P (A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B) P(BÇC) = 50 P 10 4 5 n( B)2 = 10=2 1 C) {4,9,25,49,121} D) {1,4,9,25,49,121} 15. f (x) = (x + 1)3 − (x − 1)3 represents a function
them. MAY-22 + + - - n( S-) 50 100 + 10 4 5 2 2 1
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A∩B) (getting even 100perfect 100 square
100 nand
100 n( S100
( A)perfect ) cube
50 100100 + 100 + - - - + which is
7 4 4 7 = 5 100 2 2100 1 100 100 100 100 100 6. If the ordered pairs (a+2, 4) and (5, 2a+b)
Pa

Pa
NCC NSS 18 5 3 = + – = number) 65 - 9 = 56 =n14 ( S ) n(C100) = 465 A) linear B) cubic
= + – 8 8 8 8 = 100 - 9100 56 14 are equal then (a, b) is
36 36 36 100 100 100 n25 100 100 = = C) reciprocal D) quadratic
( B) n( S10 ) 100 A) (2, –2) B) (5, 1)
28 – 18
18
30 – 18
20 5 19. A
flower is selected at random from a basket P(AÇC) = P = 50 100 10 1004 1005 25 2 2 1
=10 =12 = = n( S ) 5 100 2 +2 1+ - - - + C) (2, 3) D) (3, –2)
36
containing 80 yellow, 70 red and 50 white n( A) even
(getting 50 perfect cube number) 100
= 100 100 100 100 100 100 2. Numbers and Sequences
9
w.

w.
flowers. Find the probability of selecting a n( A) = 50 n(C )100 100 465 1009100 56 14
n ( S ) = 100 = 7. Let n(A) = m and n(B) = n then the total
P(AÇBÇC)
n( S ) 100= P 10- 4= 5=
Solution:
17. A
box contains cards numbered 3, 5, 7, 9, yellow or red flower?
n( B) 10 perfect square and n( S ) 50100 +
100 +
100 -
100 -25
2
-
2
+
1
number of non-empty relations that can be 1.
Euclid’s division lemma states that for
… 35, 37. A card is drawn at random from (getting
n( B) =even 10 perfect
100 100 cube 100 100 100 100 100 positive integers a and b, there exist unique
Total number of students n(S) = 50 Solution: 5 2 2 1 defined from A to B is
the box. Find the probability that the drawn n( S ) = 100
ww

ww
number)n( S ) 100 65 =9 56 14 integers q and r such that a = bq + r, where r
i. A : A : opted only NCC but not NSS Total number of flowers 100 100 - 100
100 = = A) mn B) nm
card have either multiples of 7 or a prime n(C ) 4 100 100 100 25 must satisfy.
n(A) 10 1 n(S) = 80 + 70 + 50 = 200 n(C ) = probability
Required 4 50 10 4 5 2 2 1 C) 2mn – 1 D) 2mn
P(A) = = = number. n( S ) = 100 + + - - - + A) 1 < r < b B) 0 > r > b
n(S) 50 5 No. of yellow flowers n(Y) = 80 n( S ) 100= P(A) + P(B) +100
P(AÈBÈC) P(C) 100– P(AÇB) 100 – 100 100 100 100
Solution: 5 2 2 1 8.
If {(a, 8), (6, b)} represents an identity C) 0 ≤ r < b D) 0 < r ≤ b
n(Y ) 80 5 2 2 1 65 9 56 14
ii. B : opted only NSS but not NCC S = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, \ P(Y) = n(Y ) = 80 P(BÇC)100 100 – P(AÇC)
100 100 + P(ABÇC) - = = function, then the value of a and b are
n( S ) = 200 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 25 2. Using Euclid’s division lemma, if the cube of
n(B) 12 6 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37} 50 10 4 5 2 2 1 respectively
No. of red nflowers any positive integer is divided by 9 then the
P(B) = = = n((SR)) 200n(R)
70 = 70 = 50 + 10 + 4 - 5 - 2 - 2 + 1 A) (8, 6) B) (8, 8)
n(S) 50 25 n(S) = 18 n( R ) = 70 100 + 100 + 100 - 100 - 100 - 100 + 100 possible remainders are
\ P(R) = nn((YS )) = 200 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 C) (6, 8) D) (6, 6)
iii. C : opted only one Let A = Multiple of 7 80 65 9 56 14 A) 0, 1, 8 B) 1, 4, 8
( S ) = 70
n80 200 150 3 65 - 9 = 56 = 14
n(C) (10 + 12) = 22 = 11 n
Y and R are 80( S ) 200
+ 70exclusive
mutually = 150 = 3 = 100 - 100 = 100 = 25 9. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {4, 8, 9, 10}. C) 0, 1, 3 D) 1, 3, 5
P(C) = = A= {7, 21, 35}, n(A) = 3 100 100 100 25
n(S) 50 3 n200
P(YÈR) = P(Y) ( R )+ 20070 = 200 = 4 A function f : A → B given by f = {(1, 4),
50 25
P(A) = 200 +=P(R)200 200 4 3. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the
18 n( Sdrawing
Probability of ) 200either a yellow or red flower (2, 8), (3, 9), (4, 10)} is a
*** form of 65m – 117, then the value of m is
Let B = a Prime number 80 70 150 3 A) Many-one function B) Identity function
P(YÈR) = + = = A) 4 B) 2
200 200 200 4 C) One-to-one function D) Into function
B = {3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37} C) 1 D) 3

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics 1 Marks

59 60 61
4.
The sum of the exponents of the prime 13. The next term of the sequence 3 x 8 15. If A is a 2×3 matrix and B is a 3×4 matrix, 9. Two poles of heights 6 m and 11 m stand
factors in the prime factorization of 1729 is A) 124 B) 127
6. –
x – 25 x2 – 6x + 5
2
gives
how many columns does AB have 4. Geometry vertically on a plane ground. If the distance
A) 1 B) 2 C) 23 D) 181 x 2 - 7 x + 40 x 2 + 7 x + 40 A) 3 B) 4 AB BC between their feet is 12 m, what is the
A) B) 1. If in triangles ABC and EDF, = then
C) 2 D) 5 DE FD
C) 3 D) 4 14. If the sequence t1, t2, t3, ......... are in A.P. then ( x - 5)( x + 5) ( x - 5)( x + 5)( x + 1) they will be similar, when distance between their tops?
5. The least number that is divisible by all the the sequence t6, t12, t18, ......... is x 2 - 7 x + 40 x 2 + 10 16. If number of columns and rows are not equal A) B = E B) A = D A) 13 m B) 14 m
C) 2 D) 2 in a matrix then it is said to be a
numbers from 1 to 10 (both inclusive) is A) a Geometric Progression (
x - 25 ( x + 1)) ( )
x - 25 ( x + 1)
A) diagonal matrix B) rectangular matrix
C) B = D D) A = F C) 15 m D) 12.8 m
A) 2025 B) 5220 B) an Arithmetic Progression 2. In ΔLMN, L = 60°, M = 50°. 10. In the given figure, PR = 26 cm, QR = 24
C) 5025 D) 2520 C) neither an Arithmetic Progression nor a 256x8y4z10 C) square matrix D) identity matrix
7. The square root of is equal to If ΔLMN ~ ΔPQR then the value of R is
Geometric Progression 25x6y6z6 17. Transpose of a column matrix is cm, PAQ = 90° , PA = 6 cm and
6. 74k ≡ _____ (mod 100) A) 40° B) 70°
D) a constant sequence 16 x 2 z 4 y2 A) unit matrix B) diagonal matrix QA = 8 cm. Find PQR
A) 1 B) 2 A) B) 16 2 4 C) 30° D) 110°
5 y2 x z C) column matrix D) row matrix A) 80° B) 85°
C) 3 D) 4 15. The value of (13 + 23 + 33 + ........ + 153) 3. If ΔABC is an isosceles triangle with
16 xz 2 C) 75° D) 90°
− (1 + 2 + 3 + ........ + 15) is C) 16 y2
et

et
7. Given F1 = 1, F2 = 3 and Fn = Fn–1 + Fn–2 then D) æ 1 3ö æ 5 7ö C = 90° and AC = 5 cm, then AB is
18. Find the matrix X if 2X + ç =ç
F5 is
A) 14400 B) 14200 5 xz 5 y è 5 7ø÷ è 9 5÷ø A) 2.5 cm B) 5 cm 11. A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at
C) 14280 D) 14520 C) 10 cm D) 5 2 cm the
A) 3 B) 5
i.N

i.N

i.N
8. Which of the following should be added to æ -2 -2ö æ2 2 ö
A) ç B) ç
C) 8 D) 11
3. Algebra make x4 + 64 a perfect square è 2 -1÷ø è 2 -1÷ø 4. In a given figure ST || QR, PS
10= 62 cm and SQ A) centre B) point of contact
8. The first term of an arithmetic progression is A) 4x2 B) 16x2 æ1 2ö 2 1ö = 3 cm. Then the ratio of the area
3 of ΔPQR to C) infinity D) chord
1. A system of three linear equations in three C) ç D) æç the area of ΔPST is
unity and the common difference is 4. Which C) 8x2 D) –8x2 è2 2÷ø è 2 2÷ø 1 1
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variables is inconsistent if their planes A) 25 : 4 12. How many tangents can be drawn to the
of the following will be a term of this A.P. 3 3
A) intersect only at a point 9. The solution of (2x − 1)2 = 9 is equal to 19.
Which of the following can be calculated B) 25 : 7 circle from an exterior point?
A) 4551 B) 10091 B) intersect in a line A) –1 B) 2 æ 1 2ö
sa

sa
C) 7881 D) 13531 C) 25 : 11 A) one B) two
C) coincides with each other C) –1, 2 D) None of these from the given matrices A = ç 3 4÷ , D) 25 : 13 C) infinite D) zero
ç ÷
9. If 6 times of 6th term of an A.P. is equal to 7 D) do not intersect è 5 6ø
10. The values of a and b if 4x4 − 24x3 + 76x2 + ax æ 1 2 3ö 5. The perimeters of two similar triangles
times the 7th term, then the 13th term of the 2. The solution of the system x + y − 3z = −6, 13. The two tangents from an external points P
B = ç 4 5 6÷
da

da
+ b is a perfect square are ΔABC and ΔPQR are 36 cm and 24 cm
A.P. is −7y + 7z = 7, 3z = 9 is ç ÷ to a circle with centre at O are PA and PB. If
A) 100, 120 B) 10, 12 è 7 8 9ø respectively. If PQ = 10 cm, then the length
A) 0 B) 6 A) x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 B) x = −1, y = 2, z = 3 2 APB = 70° then the value of AOB is
C) –120, 100 D) 12, 10 of AB is
C) 7 D) 13 C) x = −1, y = −2, z = 3 D) x = 1, y = −2, z = 3 (i) A2 (ii) B2
2 10 6 A) 100° B) 110°
Pa

Pa
11. If the roots of the equation q2x2 + p2x + r2 = (iii) AB (iv) BA A) 6 cm B) cm
10. An A.P. consists of 31 terms. If its 16th term 3. If (x – 6) is the HCF of x2 – 2x – 24 and 3 3 C) 120° D) 130°
0 are the squares of the roots of the equation A) (i) and (ii) only B) (ii) and (iii) only
is m, then the sum of all the terms of this A.P. 2
x2 – kx – 6 then the value of k is qx2 + px + r = 0, then q, p, r are in _______ C) (ii) and (iv) only D) all of these C) 66 cm D) 151 cm1 14. In figure CP and CQ are tangents to a circle
is 3
A) 3 B) 5 A) A.P B) G.P 3 3
with centre at O. ARB is another tangent
w.

w.
A) 16 m B) 62 m C) 6 D) 8 æ1 0 ö 6. If in ΔABC , DE || BC. AB = 3.6 cm, AC = 2.4
31 C) Both A.P and G.P D) none of these æ 1 2 3ö touching the circle at R. If CP = 11 cm and
C) 31 m D) m 20. If A =A = ç , B = ç 2 -1÷ and cm and AD = 2.1 cm then the length of AE is
2 4.
3y – 3 7y – 7
÷ is 12. Graph of a linear equation is a _______. è 3 2 1ø÷ ç ÷ BC = 7 cm, then the length of BR is
è0 2 ø A) 1.4 cm B) 1.8 cm
11. In an A.P., the first term is 1 and the common y 3y2 A) straight line B) circle æ 0 1ö
ww

ww
C= ç . Which of the following C) 1.2 cm D) 1.05 cm A) 6 cm
difference is 4. How many terms of the A.P. 9y 9 y3 C) parabola D) hyperbola è -2 5ø÷
A) B) 7. In a ΔABC, AD is the bisector of BAC. If B) 5 cm
must be taken for their sum to be equal to 7 (21y - 21) 13. The number of points of intersection of the
statements are correct?
120? AB = 8 cm, BD = 6 cm and DC = 3 cm. The C) 8 cm
C)
21y 2 - 42 y + 21
D)
(
7 y2 - 2 y + 1 ) quadratic polynomial x2 + 4x + 4 with the æ 5 5ö
æ 0 1ö
length of the side AC is
A) 6 B) 7 3 y3 X-axis is (i) AB + C = ç (ii) BC = ç 2 -3÷ D) 4 cm
è 5 5ø÷
2
y ç ÷ A) 6 cm B) 4 cm
C) 8 D) 9 A) 0 B) 1 è -4 10 ø 15. In figure if PR is tangent to the circle at P
1 C) 3 cm D) 8 cm
12. If A = 265 and B = 264 + 263 + 262 + ........ +20 5. y2 + is not equal to C) 0 or 1 D) 2 æ 2 5ö æ -8 20ö and O is the centre of the circle, then POQ
y2 (iii) BA + C = ç (iv) (AB)C = ç 8. In the adjacent figure BAC = 90° and
which of the following is true? è 3 0ø÷ è -8 13ø÷
2
æ1 3 5 7 ö AD BC then is
y4 + 1 æ 1ö
A) B is 264 more than A A) B) ç y + ÷ A) (i) and (ii) only B) (ii) and (iii) only A) 120°
y2 è yø 14. For the given matrix A = ç 2 4 6 8 ÷ A) BD . CD = BC2
B) A and B are equal ç ÷
C) (iii) and (iv) only D) all of these
2 2 è 9 11 13 15ø B) AB . AC = BC2 B) 100°
C) B is larger than A by 1 æ 1ö
C) æ y - 1 ö + 2 D) ç y + ÷ – 2 the order of the matrix AT is C) BD . CD = AD2 C) 110°
D) A is larger than B by 1 çè y ÷ø è yø
A) 2×3 B) 3×2 D) AB . AC = AD2 D) 90°
C) 3×4 D) 4×3
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics 1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics

62 63 64
9. If A is a point on the Y axis whose ordinate A) 45° B) 30° 9. A solid sphere of radius x cm is melted and
5. Coordinate Geometry is 8 and B is a point on the X axis whose 6. Trigonometry C) 90° D) 60°
7. Mensuration cast into a shape of a solid cone of same
1. The area of triangle formed by the points abscissae is 5 then the equation of the line 1 1. The curved surface area of a right circular radius. The height of the cone is
1. The value of sin2θ + is equal to 11. The electric pole subtends an angle of 30°
(−5, 0), (0, −5) and (5, 0) is AB is 1 + tan2q at a point on the same level as its foot. At a cone of height 15 cm and base diameter A) 3x cm B) x cm
A) 8x + 5y = 40 B) 8x − 5y = 40 A) tan2θ B) 1 second point ‘b’ metres above the first, the 16 cm is
A) 0 sq.units B) 25 sq.units C) 4x cm D) 2x cm
C) x = 8 D) y = 5 C) cot2θ D) 0 depression of the foot of the pole is 60°. The A) 60π cm2 B) 68π cm2
C) 5 sq.units D) none of these 10. A frustum of a right circular cone is of height
10. The equation of a line passing through the height of the pole (in metres) is equal to C) 120π cm2 D) 136π cm2
2.
A man walks near a wall, such that the 2. tanθcosec2θ – tanθ is equal to 16 cm with radii of its ends as 8 cm and 20
origin and perpendicular to the line A) secθ B) cot2θ A) 3b B) 2. If two solid hemispheres of same base radius
distance between him and the wall is 10 cm. Then, the volume of the frustum is
7x − 3y + 4 = 0 is C) sinθ D) cotθ r units are joined together along their bases,
units. Consider the wall to be the Y axis. The b b A) 3328π cm3 B) 3228π cm3
A) 7x − 3y + 4 = 0 B) 3x − 7y + 4 = 0 C) D) then curved surface area of this new solid is
path travelled by the man is 3. If (sinα + cosecα)2 + (cosα + secα)2 = k + tan2α 2 3 C) 3240π cm3 D) 3340π cm3
C) 3x + 7y = 0 D) 7x − 3y = 0 A) 4πr2 sq. units B) 6πr2 sq. units
A) x = 10 B) y = 10 + cot2α, then the value of k is equal to 12. A tower is 60 m heigh. Its shadow is x metres
11. Consider four straight lines C) 3πr2 sq. units D) 8πr2 sq. units 11. A shuttle cock used for playing badminton

et
C) x = 0 D) y = 0 A) 9 B) 7 shorter when the sun’s altitude is 45° than
(i) l1 : 3y = 4x + 5; (ii) l2: 4y = 3x − 1 3. The height of a right circular cone whose has the shape of the combination of
C) 5 D) 3 when it has been 30°, then x is equal to
3. The straight line given by the equation (iii) l3 : 4y + 3x = 7 (iv) l4 : 4x + 3y = 2 radius is 5 cm and slant height is 13 cm will A) a cylinder and a sphere
4. If sinθ + cosθ = a and secθ + cosecθ = b, then A) 41.92 m B) 43.92 m

i.N

i.N
x = 11 is be B) a hemisphere and a cone
Which of the following statement is true? the value of b(a2 – 1) is equal to C) 43 m D) 45.6 m
A) parallel to X axis A) 12 cm B) 10 cm C) a sphere and a cone
A) l1 and l2 are perpendicular A) 2a B) 3a 13.
The angle of depression of the top and
B) parallel to Y axis C) 13 cm D) 5 cm D) frustum of a cone and a hemisphere
B) l1 and l4 are parallel C) 0 D) 2ab bottom of 20 m tall building from the top
C) passing through the origin 4. If the radius of the base of a right circular

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C) l2 and l4 are perpendicular 5 1 of a multistoried building are 30° and 60° 12. A spherical ball of radius r1 units is melted
D) passing through the point (0, 11) D) l2 and l3 are parallel 5. If 5x = secθ and = tanθ , then x2 – 2 is respectively. The height of the multistoried cylinder is halved keeping the same height,
x x to make 8 new identical balls each of radius
equal to building and the distance between two then the ratio of the volume of the cylinder

sa
4. If (5, 7), (3, p) and (6, 6) are collinear, then 12. A straight line has equation 8y = 4x + 21. 1 thus obtained to the volume of original r2 units. Then r1 : r2 is
A) 25 B) buildings (in metres) is
the value of p is Which of the following is true? 25 cylinder is A) 2:1 B) 1:2
A) The slope is 0.5 and the y intercept is 2.6 A) 20, 10 3 B) 30, 5 3
A) 3 B) 6 C) 5 D) 1 A) 1:2 B) 1:4 C) 4:1 D) 1:4
C) 20, 10 D) 30, 10 3
da

da
C) 9 D) 12 B) The slope is 5 and the y intercept is 1.6 C) 1:6 D) 1:8
6. If sinθ = cosθ, then 2tan2θ + sin2θ − 1 is equal 13. The volume (in cm3) of the greatest sphere
C) The slope is 0.5 and the y intercept is 1.6 14. Two persons are standing ‘x’ metres apart
5. The point of intersection of 3x − y = 4 and to 5. The total surface area of a cylinder whose that can be cut off from a cylindrical log of
D) The slope is 5 and the y intercept is 2.6 from each other and the height of the first 1
x + y = 8 is -3 3 person is double that of the other. If from the radius is of its height is wood of base radius 1 cm and height 5 cm is
A) B) 3
Pa

Pa
13.
When proving that a quadrilateral is a 2 4
A) (5, 3) B) (2, 4) 2 middle point of the line joining their feet an A) π B) 10 π
A) 9p h sq.units
2
trapezium, it is necessary to show 2 B) 24πh2 sq.units
C) (3, 5) D) (4, 4) C) D) -2 observer finds the angular elevations of their
8
3 3
A) Two sides are parallel 3 3 tops to be complementary, then the height of 20
6. The slope of the line joining (12, 3), (4, a) is C) 5π D) π
C) 8p h sq.units D) 56p h sq.units
2 2
1 . B) Two parallel and two non-parallel sides 7. If x = atanθ and y = bsecθ then the shorter person (in metres) is 3
w.

w.
. The value of ‘a’ is C) Opposite sides are parallel x 9 9
8 2 2 2 2
A) y2 - x 2 = 1 B) x 2 - y2 = 1 A) 2 x B)
6. In a hollow cylinder, the sum of the external
14. The height and radius of the cone of which
A) 1 B) 4 . D) All sides are of equal length b a a b 2 2
the frustum is a part are h1 units and r1 units
C) x D) 2x and internal radii is 14 cm and the width is
ww

ww
C) –5 D) 2 14.
When proving that a quadrilateral is a x 2
y 2
x 2
y2 respectively. Height of the frustum is h2 units
C) 2 + 2 = 1 D) 2 - 2 = 0 2 4 cm. If its height is 20 cm, the volume of the
7. The slope of the line which is perpendicular parallelogram by using slopes you must find a b a b material in it is and radius of the smaller base is r2 units. If
15. The angle of elevation of a cloud from a
to a line joining the points (0, 0) and (–8, 8) is A) The slopes of two sides 8. (1 + tanθ + secθ) (1 + cotθ − cosecθ) is equal point h metres above a lake is b. The angle of A) 5600π cm3 B) 11200π cm3 h2 : h1 : = 1 : 2 then r2 : r1 is
B) The slopes of two pair of opposite sides to depression of its reflection in the lake is 45°.
A) –1 B) 1 C) 56π cm3 D) 3600π cm3 A) 1 : 3 B) 1 : 2
C)
1
D) –8 C) The lengths of all sides A) 0 B) 1 The height of location of the cloud from the
3 D) Both the lengths and slopes of two sides 7. If the radius of the base of a cone is tripled C) 2 : 1 D) 3 : 1
C) 2 D) –1 lake is
and the height is doubled then the volume is
8. If slope of the line PQ is 1 then slope of the 15. (2, 1) is the point of intersection of two lines. 9.
acotθ + bcosecθ = p and bcotθ + acosecθ = q h (1 + tan b ) h (1 - tan b ) 15. The ratio of the volumes of a cylinder, a cone
3 A) B) A) made 6 times B) made 18 times
A) x − y − 3 = 0; 3x − y − 7 = 0 then p2 – q2 is equal to 1 - tan b 1 + tan b and a sphere, if each has the same diameter
perpendicular bisector of PQ is C) made 12 times D) unchanged
B) x + y = 3; 3x + y = 7 A) a2 – b2 B) b2 – a2 C) h tan(45° − β) D) none of these and same height is
A) 3 B) – 3 8. The total surface area of a hemi-sphere is
C) 3x + y = 3; x + y = 7 C) a2 + b2 D) b – a how much times the square of its radius. A) 1 : 2 : 3 B) 2 : 1 : 3
C) 1 D) 0 D) x + 3y − 3 = 0; x − y − 7 = 0 C) 1 : 3 : 2 D) 3 : 1 : 2
3 10. If the ratio of the height of a tower and the A) π B) 4π
length of its shadow is 3 : 1 , then the angle C) 3π D) 2π
of elevation of the sun has measure
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

65 66 67
10.
The probability a red marble selected at 6. Graph the following quadratic equations and
8. Statistics and Probability ANSWERS Relations and Functions
1. Which of the following is not a measure of
random from a jar containing p red, q blue
and r green marbles is
q p
1. Relations and Functions
state their nature of solutions.
(i) x2 − 9x + 20 = 0 (ii) x2 − 4x + 4 = 0
(iii) x2 + x + 7 = 0 (iv) x2 − 9 = 0
1
dispersion? 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.A
A) B) (v) x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 (vi) (2x − 3)(x + 2) = 0 2 Marks STAGE 2
2
A) Range B) Standard deviation p+q+r p+q+r 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.D 7. Draw the graph of y = x2 − 4 and hence solve
2
2
= g æç ÷ö = 2 çæ ÷ö – 1
p+q p+r è xø è xø
C) Arithmetic mean D) Variance x2 − x − 12 = 0 1. If f(x) = 3x −2 , g(x) = 2x + k and if fog = gof,
C) D) 8
p+q+r p+q+r 2. Numbers and Sequences then find the value of k.
4
= 2 ç 2 - 1ö÷ = 2 – 2
æ
2. The range of the data 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, ........, 8 is 8. Draw the graph of y = x2 + x and hence solve èx ø x
11. A page is selected at random from a book. 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.C Solution:
A) 0 B) 1 x2 + 1 = 0 fog ≠ gof
The probability that the digit at units place 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.C f(x) = 3x – 2 g(x) = 2x + k
C) 8 D) 3 9. Draw the graph of y = x2 + 3x + 2 and use it to x+6
of the page number chosen is less than 7 is solve x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 fog = f [g(x)] gof = g[f(x)] iii. f(x) = , g(x) = 3 – x
3. Algebra 3
3. The sum of all deviations of the data from its A)
3
B) 7 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.B 10. Draw the graph of y = x2 + 3x − 4 and hence use
= f [2x + k)] gof = g[3x – 2] (3 - x) + 6
= 3(2x + k) – 2 = 2 (3x – 2) + k (fog)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(3 – x) =
mean is 10 10 it to solve x2 + 3x − 4 = 0 3
et

et
9.C 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B 16.B = 6x + 3k – 2 = 6x – 4 + k 9- x
A) Always positive B) always negative 3 7 11. Draw the graph of y = x2 − 5x − 6 and hence =
C) D) 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.A 3
C) zero D) non-zero integer 9 9 solve x2 − 5x − 14 = 0 fog = gof 6x + 3k – 2 = 6x – 4 + k
æ
(gof)(x) = g(f(x)) = g ç x + 6 ö
3k – k = – 4 + 2 2k = –2 k = –1
i.N

i.N

i.N
4. The mean of 100 observations is 40 and their 12. The probability of getting a job for a person 4. Geometry 12. Draw the graph of y = 2x2 − 3x − 5 and hence è 3 ø÷
x 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C solve 2x2 − 4x − 6 = 0 2. Find k if fof (k) = 5 where f(k) = 2k − 1. 9- x-3 6- x
standard deviation is 3. The sum of squares is . If the probability of not getting the job
3 = 3 – x+6 = =
9.A 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.A 13. Draw the graph of y = (x − 1) (x + 3) and hence Solution: 3 3 3
of all deviations is 2
is then the value of x is solve x2 − x − 6 = 0 fog ≠ gof
fof (k) = 5
la

la
A) 40000 B) 160900 3 5. Coordinate Geometry
fo(2k – 1) = 5 iv. f(x) = 3 + x, g(x) = x – 4
C) 160000 D) 30000 A) 2 B) 1 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.B GEOMETRY
(2x – 1) o (2k – 1) = 5 (fog)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(x – 4)
sa

sa
C) 3 D) 1.5 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B
5. Variance of first 20 natural numbers is 1. Construct a ΔPQR in which PQ = 8 cm, 2(2k – 1) – 1 = 5 = 3 + (x – 4) = x – 1
A) 32.25 B) 44.25 13. Kamalam went to play a lucky draw contest. R = 60° and the median RG from R to PQ is
135 tickets of the lucky draw were sold. If the
6. Trigonometry 4k – 2 = 5+1 (gof)(x) = g(f(x)) = g(3 + x)
C) 33.25 D) 30 5.8 cm. Find the length of the altitude from R
1 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C = 3+x–4=x–1
da

da
probability of Kamalam winning is , then to PQ. 4k – 2 = 6
6. The standard deviation of a data is 3. If 9 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.A fog = gof
the number of tickets bought by Kamalam is 2. Construct a triangle ΔPQR such that QR = 5 4k = 8
each value is multiplied by 5 then the new cm, P = 30° and the altitude from P to QR is k = 2 v. f(x) = 4x2 – 1, g(x) = 1 + x
A) 5 B) 10 7. Mensuration
variance is of length 4.2 cm.
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1.D 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C 3. Using the functions f and g given below, find (fog)(x) = f(g(x))
A) 3 B) 15 C) 15 D) 20
3. Draw a triangle ABC of base BC = 8 cm, fog and gof . Check whether fog = gof . = f(1 + x)
9.C 10.A 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.D
C) 5 D) 225 14.
If a letter is chosen at random from the A = 60° and the bisector of A meets BC at D
(i) f (x) = x − 6, g(x) = x2 = 4(1 + x2 + 2x) – 1
English alphabets {a, b, ......., z}, then the 8. Statistics and Probability such that BD = 6 cm. 2
7. If the standard deviation of x, y, z is p then (ii) f (x) = , g(x) = 2x2 − 1 = 4x2 + 8x + 3
w.

w.
probability that the letter chosen precedes x 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A 4. Construct a ΔPQR which the base PQ = 4.5 cm,
the standard deviation of 3x + 5, 3y + 5, x
12 1 R = 35° and the median from R to RG is 6 cm. x+6 (gof)(x) = g(f(x))
3z + 5 is A) B) 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.D (iii) f (x) = , g(x) = 3 − x
13 13 5. Construct a ΔPQR in which QR = 5cm, P = 40° 3 = g(4x2 – 1)
A) 3p + 5 B) 3p (iv) f (x) = 3 + x, g(x) = x − 4
ww

ww
C)
23
D)
3 Problems for Practice and the median PG from P to QR is 4.4 cm. = 1 + 4x2 – 1
C) p + 5 D) 9p +15 26 26 Find the length of the altitude from P to QR. (v) f (x) = 4x2 − 1, g(x) = 1 + x = 4x2
8. If the mean and coefficient of variation of
GRAPH 6. Construct a ΔPQR such that QR = 6.5 cm, Solution: fog ≠ gof
15. A purse contains 10 notes of ` 2000, 15 notes 1. Discuss the nature of solutions of the following P = 60° and the altitude from P to QR is of
a data are 4 and 87.5% then the standard i.f (x) = x – 6, g(x) = x2
of ` 500, and 25 notes of ` 200. One note is quadratic equations. length 4.5 cm. 4. Find the value of k, such that fog = gof
deviation is drawn at random. What is the probability (f o g)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(x2) = x2 – 6
(i) x2+x −12 = 0 (ii) x2−8x+16 = 0 7. Construct a ΔABC such that AB = 5.5 cm, (i) f (x) = 3x + 2, g(x) = 6x − k
A) 3.5 B) 3 that the note is either a ` 500 note or ` 200 (iii) x2+2x+5 = 0 (g o f)(x) = g(f(x)) = g (x – 6)
C = 25° and the altitude from C to AB is 4 cm. (ii) f (x) = 2x − k, g(x) = 4x + 5
C) 4.5 D) 2.5 note? 2. Draw the graph of y = 2x2 and hence solve = (x – 6)2 = x2 – 12x + 36
1 3
8. Draw a triangle ABC of base BC = 5.6 cm, Solution:
A) B) 2x2 − x − 6 = 0 A = 40° and the bisector of A meets BC at D fog ≠ gof i) f(x) = 3x + 2 g(x) = 6x – k
9. Which of the following is incorrect? 5 10 3. Draw the graph of y = x2 + 4x + 3 and hence such that CD = 4 cm. 2
A) P(A) > 1 B) 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1 C)
2
D) 4 ii. f(x) = , g(x) = 2x2 – 1 (3x + 2) o (6x – k) = (6x – k) o (3x + 2)
find the roots of x2 + x + 1 = 0 9. Draw ΔPQR such that PQ = 6.8 cm, vertical x
C) P(φ) = 0 D) P(A) + P(A) = 1 3 5 2 3(6x – k) + 2 = 6(3x + 2) – k
4. Draw the graph of y = x2 + x − 2 and hence angle is 50° and the bisector of the vertical (fog)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(2x2 – 1) =
solve x2 + x − 2 = 0. 2x2 - 1 18x – 3k + 2 = 18x + 12 – k
angle meets the base at D where PD = 5.2 cm. (gof)(x) = g(f(x))
*** 5. Draw the graph of y = x2 + x − 2 and hence – 3k + k = 12 – 2
***
solve x2 + x − 2 = 0.
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

68 69 70
–2k = 10 Solution: Find (i) f (−3) + f (2) (ii) f (7) – f (1) Solution: 6. If f (x) = 2x + 3, g(x) = 1 − 2x and h(x) = 3x. 8. Consider the functions f(x), g(x), h(x) as
–10 2 f (-2) - f (6) 1 Prove that fo(goh) = (fog)oh given below. Show that
k = (iii) 2f (4) + f (8) (iv) s(t) = gt2 + at + b
2 f (4) + f (-2) 2 Solution: (fog)oh = fo(goh) in each case.
k = –5 Solution: Let t be 1, 2, 3,…… seconds f(x) = 2x + 3, g(x) = 1 – 2x, h(x) = 3x (i) f (x) = x − 1, g(x) = 3x + 1 and h(x) = x2
ii. f(x) = 2x – k g(x) = 4x + 5 i) f(–3) + f(2) s(t1) = s(t2) Now, (fog)(x) = f(g(x))
The function f is defined by three values in (ii) f(x) = x2, g(x) = 2x and h(x) = x + 4
fog = gof = [6x + 1] + [5x2 – 1] 1 2 1 = f(1 – 2x) = 2(1–2x) + 3 (iii) f(x) = x − 4, g(x) = x2 and h(x) = 3x − 5
I, II, III as shown by the side gt1 + at1 + b = gt22 + at2 + b
= [6(–3) + 1] + [5(2)2 – 1] 2 2 = 2 – 4x +3 = 5 – 4x
(2x – k) o (4x + 5) = (4x + 5) o (2x – k) For a given value of x = a, find out the interval Solution:
at which the point a is located, there after find = [–18 + 1] + [5(4) –1] = –17 + [20 – 1] 1 1 Then,
2(4x + 5) – k = 4(2x – k) + 5 gt12 + at1 + b – gt22 – at2 – b = 0 i. (fog)oh = fo(goh)
f(a) using the particular value defined in that 2 2
8x + 10 – k = 8x – 4k + 5 = –17 + 19 = 2 1 (fog) o h(x) = (fog)(h(x)) = (fog) (3x)
interval. g(t12 – t22) + a (t1 – t2) = 0 [(x–1) o (3x+1)] o x2 = (x–1) o [(3x+1) o x2]
–k + 4k = 5 – 10 ii) f(7) – f(1) 2 = 5 – 4(3x)
3k = –5 i) First, we see that, x = 4 lie in the third interval. [3x + 1 – 1] o x2 = (x – 1) o [3x2 + 1]
= [3x – 4] – [6x + 1] g [(t1 – t2) (t1 + t2) + a(t1 – t2)] = 0 = 5 – 12x ..... (1)
–5 Therefore, f(x) = 3x – 2; [3x] o x2 = 3x2 + 1 – 1

et
k = = [3(7) – 4] – [6(1) + 1] 1 (goh) (x) = g(h(x)) = g(3x) = 1 – 2(3x)
3 f(4) = 3(4) – 2 = 10 (t1 – t2) [ g (t1 + t2) + a ] = 0
2 = 1 – 6x 3x2 = 3x2
ii) x = –2 lies in the second interval. = [21 – 4] – [6 + 1] = 17 – 7 = 10 t1 – t2 = 0
x +1 So, (fog)oh = fo(goh)

i.N

i.N
5. If f (x) = 2x − 1, g(x)= , show that Therefore, f(x) = x2 – 2; iii) 2f(4) + f(8) 1
fog = gof = x 2 [ g [(t1 + t2)+ a ≠ 0] Hence proved.
fo(goh)(x) = f (1 – 6x) = 2 (1 – 6x) + 3
f(–2) = (–2)2 – 2 = 2 = 2[5x2 – 1] + [3x – 4] 2 t1 = t 2
Solution: = 2 – 12x + 3 = 5 – 12x ..... (2) ii. (fog)oh = fo(goh)
fog = (fog)(x) = f(g(x)) iii) From (i), f(4) = 10. To find f(1), first we seet = 2[5(4)2 – 1] + [3(8) – 4] s(t) it is one – one function From (1) and (2),

la
that, x = 1 lies in the second interval. = 2[5(16) –1] + [24 – 4] [(x–4) o x2] o (3x–5) = (x–4) o [x2o (3x–5)]
fog = gof 5. The function ‘t’ which maps temperature in we get (fog)oh = fo(goh)
Therefore, f(x) = x2 – 2 f(1) = 12 – 2 = –1 = 2[80 –1] + [20] = 2[79] + 20 Celsius (C) into temperature in Fahrenheit
So, f(4) + 2f(1) =10 + 2(–1) = 8 9 Hence Proved. [x2 – 4] o [3x – 5] = (x – 4) o [(3x – 5)2]

sa
x + 1ö x + 1ö
(2x – 1) o æç = æç o (2x – 1) = 158 + 20 = 178 (F) is defined by t(C) = F where F = C + 32.
è 2 ø÷ è 2 ø÷ iv) We know that f(1) = –1 and f(4) = 10. Find 5 7. Find x if gff(x) = fgg(x), given f(x) = 3x + 1 [3x – 5]2 – 4 = [3x – 5]2 – 4
2 f (-2) - f (6) Find, (i) t(0) (ii) t(28) (iii) t(–10)
æ x + 1ö 2x - 1 + 1 finding f(–3), we see that x = –3 lies in the first iv) and g(x) = x + 3 . [ (a–b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2]
2= ç – 1 = f (4) + f (-2) (iv) the value of C when t(C) = 212
è 2 ø÷ interval.
da

da
2 Solution: (fog)oh = fo(goh)
2x Therefore, f(x) = 2x + 7, 2 [6 x + 1] - [3x - 4] (v) the temperature when the Celsius value
x+ 1 – 1 = = gff(x) = g [f{f(x)}] = g [f(3x + 1)] Hence proved.
2 is equal to the Farenheit value.
ëé5 x - 1ûù + [6 x + 1]
thus f(–3) = 2(–3) + 7 = 1 2

x =x Solution: = g [3(3x + 1) + 1] = g(9x + 4) iii. (fog)oh = fo(goh)

f (1) - 3 f (4) -1 - 3(10)
Pa

Pa
9
fog = gof = x Hence, = = –31 2 ëé6 (-2) + 1ûù - éë3(6) - 4 ùû t(c) = F = C + 32 g(9x+4) = [(9x + 4) + 3] = 9x + 7 [(x2 o 2x] o (x + 4) = (x2 o [2x o (x + 4)]
f (-3) 1 = 5
6. If f(x) = x2 − 1, g(x) = x − 2 find a, é5 (4)2 - 1ù + é6 (-2) + 1ù 9 fgg(x) = f[g{g(x)}] = f[g(x+3)]
2. If the function f is defined by ë û ë û i) t(0) = (0) + 32 = 32°F [2x]2 o (x + 4] = x2 o [2(x + 4)]
if go f(a) = 1. 5
ì x + 2; x > 1 2 [-12 + 1] - [18 - 4] = f[(x+3) + 3] = f(x+6) [2(x + 4)]2 = [2(x +4)]2
w.

w.
Solution: ï = 9
gof =1 f(x) = í2; -1 £ x £ 1 éë5 (16) - 1ùû + [-12 + 1] ii) t(28) = (28) + 32 = 50.4 + 32 = 82.4°F f(x+6) = [3(x+6) + 1] = 3x + 19 (fog)oh = fo(goh)
ï x - 1 -3 < x < -1 5
(x – 2) o (a2 – 1) =1 î 2 [-11] - [14] gff(x) = fgg(x) Hence proved.
9
find the values of = iii) t(–10) = (–10)+32 = –18 + 32 =14°F
ww

ww
a2 – 1 – 2 =1 [80 - 1] + [-11] 5 Thus two quantities begin equal we get ***
a3 – 3 =1 (i) f (3) (ii) f (0) (iii) f (−1 5) (iv) f (2) + f (−2) 9x + 7 = 3x + 19
-22 - 14 iv) t(c) = 212
a2 =4 Solution: =
79 - 11 9 9 9x – 3x = 12 6x = 12 x=3
a = ±2 i) f(3) = x + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5 212 = C + 32 C + 32 = 212
-36 -9 5 5
5 Marks STAGE ii) f(0) = 2 = = 9 9
2 iii) f(–1.5) = x – 1 = –1.5 – 1 = –2.5
68 17 C = 212 – 32 C = 180
5 5
1. If the function f : R → R is defined by 4. The distance S an object travels under 5
iv) f(2) + f(–2) C = 180 × = 100°C
ì2 x + 7; x < -2 the influence of gravity in time t seconds 9
ï = [x+2] + [x–1] 1
f(x) = í x 2 - 2; -2 £ x < 3 is given by S(t) = gt + at + b where, (g is v) Celsius Value = Farenheit Value
= [2+2] + [–2–1] = 4 + [–3] = 4 – 3 = 1 2
ï
î3 x - 2; x ³ 3 the acceleration due to gravity), a, b are 9
C = C + 32 5C = 9C + 160
3. A function f:[−5, 9] → R is defined as follows:
then find the values of (i) f(4) (ii) f(–2) constants. Verify whether the function S(t) is 5
ì6 x + 1; -5 £ x < 2 9C – 5C = –160 4C = –160;
(iii) f(4) + 2f(1) (iv) ( )
f 1 - 3 f (4) ï 2 one-one or not.
f(x) = í5 x - 1; 2 £ x < 6 -160
f (-3) ï C= = –40°
î3 x - 4; 6 £ x £ 9 4

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

71 72 73
12 = kd gives d divides 12. 16. Prove that 2n + 6×9n is always divisible by 7
x = 15k + 1 If k = 6, x =
6(6) + 4 36 + 4 40

2 Numbers and Sequences The divisors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. 3 5

=
5
=
5
=8 for any positive integer n.
Solution:
But d should be larger than 3 and so the possible 1 6(11) + 4 66 + 4 70
x = 5k + If k = 11, x = = = = 14 9 ≡ 2 (mod 7 )
values for d are 4, 6, 12. 3 5 5 5
2 Marks STAGE iii) To find HCF of 10224 and 9648 1
x = 2, 8, 14, …… 9n ≡ 2n (mod 7)
2 6. Find the least positive value of x such that Since 5k is an integer, 5k + cannot be an
3 6 × 9n = 6 × 2n (mod 7)
10224 = 9648(1) + 576 (i) 67 +x ≡ 1 (mod 4) (ii) 98 (x + 4) (mod 5) integer.
1. If the Highest Common Factor of 210 and 55 12. Solve: 3x − 2 ≡ 0 (mod 11) 2n + 6 × 9n = 2n + 6 × 2n (mod 7)
9648 = 576(16) + 432 So there is no integer solution.
is expressible in the form 55x – 325 , find x. Solution: Solution: = 2n (1 + 6) (mod 7)
576 = 432(1) + 144 i) 67 + x ≡ 1 (mod 4) 10. Find the least positive value of x such that
Solution: 3x – 2 ≡ 0 (mod 11) 2n + 6 × 9n = (7) 2n (mod 7)
432 = 144(3) + 0 67 + x – 1 = 4n
Using Euclid’s Division Algorithm, let us find (i) 71 ≡ x (mod 8) (ii) 78 + x ≡ 3 (mod 5) 3x – 2 = 11k 2n + 6 × 9n is always divisible by 7 for any
HCF of 10224 and 9648 is 144 66 + x = 4n
the HCF of given numbers (iii) 89 ≡ (x + 3) (mod 4) 3x = 11k + 2 positive integer n
210 = 55 × 3 + 45 3. If d is the Highest Common Factor of 32 and 66 + x is a multiple of 4. x 11k + 2 17. Find the remainder when 281 is divided by
(iv) 96 ≡ (mod 5) x= , k = 2, 5, 8, ….
et

et
55 = 45 × 1 + 10 60, find x and y satisfying d = 32x + 60y. 68 is the nearest multiple of 4 more than 66. 7 3 17.
45 = 10 × 4 + 5 Solution: Therefor the least positive value of x is 2. (v) 5x ≡ 4 (mod 6) 11(2) + 2 22 + 2 24 Solution:
If k = 2, x = = = =8
Applying Euclid’s Division Lemma, 3 3 3 281 ≡ (29)9 ------- (1)
i.N

i.N

i.N
10 = 5 × 2 + 0 ii) 98 ≡ (x + 4) (mod 5) Solution:
Remainder = 0 a = bq + r 98 −(x + 4) = 5n, for some integer n. i) 71 ≡ x(mod 8) 71 – x = 8k 11(5) + 2 55 + 2 57 29 ≡ 512 (Mod 17) 0 ≤ r < b
If k = 5,x = = = = 19
So, the last divisor 5 is the Highest Common 60 = 32 × 1 + 28 64 + 7 – x = 8k 3 3 3 29 ≡ 2 (Mod 17)
94 – x = 5n
Factor. 32 = 28 × 1 + 4 x=7 11(8) + 2 88 + 2 90 (1) 281 ≡ (2)9 (Mod 17)
94 – x is a multiple of 5.
la

la
If k = 8, x = = = = 30 = 2 (Mod 17)
Since, HCF is expressible in the form 28 = 4 × 7 + 0 Therefore, the least positive value of x must be 3 3 3
ii) 78 + x ≡ 3 (mod 5) The remainder is 2
55x – 325 = 5 H.C.F. of 32 and 60 is 4 4 x = 8, 19, 30, ……
78 + x – 3 = 5k
sa

sa
gives 55x = 330 That is d = 4. d = 32x + 60y 13. What is the time 100 hours after 7 a.m.? 18. Find the first four terms of the sequences
94 − 4 = 90 is the nearest multiple of 5 less 75 + x is multiple of 5.
4 = 32x + 60y whose nth terms are given by
Hence, x =6 than 94. The least positive value of x = 0
Solution:
(i) an = n3 −2 (ii) an = (–1)n+1n(n+1)
4 = 32(2) + 60(–1) 100 ≡ x (mod 24)
2. Use Euclid’s Division Algorithm to find the (iii) an= 2n2 – 6
da

da
7. Solve 8x ≡ 1 (mod 11) iii) 89 ≡ (x + 3) (mod 4).
Highest Common Factor (HCF) of x = 2, y = –1 100 – x = 24 n
Solution: Solution:
89 – x – 3 = 4k 100 – x is a multiple of 24 (100 – 4 = 96)
(i) 340 and 412 (ii) 867 and 255 4. Find the remainders when 70004 and 778 is 8x – 1 = 11n i) an = n3 – 2
86 – x = 4k x must be 4.
(iii) 10224 and 9648 divided by 7. a1 = – 1, a2 = 6, a3 = 25, a4 =62
Pa

Pa
8x = 11n + 1 86 – x is multiple of 4 x = 2 The time 100 hrs after 7 a.m. is = 7 + 4
Solution: Solution: 11n + 1 ii) an = (–1)n +1 n(n+1)
x= x = 11 a.m
By Euclid’s Division Algorithm Since 70000 is divisible by 7 8
iv) 96 ≡ (mod 5) a1 = (–1)2. 1(2) = 2
7 14. What is the time 15 hours before 11 p.m.?
a = bq + r 70000 ≡ 0 (mod 7) n=5 x=7 x a2 = (–1)3. 2(3) = –6
w.

w.
96 – = 5k Solution:
i)To find HCF of 340 and 412 70000 + 4 ≡ 0 + 4(mod 7) 7 a3 = (–1)4. 3(4) = 12
n = 13 x = 18……. 11 P.M. = 23 hours
412 = 340(1) + 72 70004 ≡ 4(mod 7) x a4 = (–1)5. 4(5) = –20
8. Compute x, such that 104 ≡ x (mod 19) 96 – is multiple of 5 x = 7 Before 15 hours
340 = 72(4) + 52 Therefore, the remainder when 70004 is 7 The first terms are 2, –6, 12, –20
ww

ww
Solution:
23 – 15 ≡ 8 (mod 24)
72 = 52(1) + 20 divisded by 7 is 4 v) 5x ≡ 4 (mod 6) iii) an = 2n2 – 6
The time 15 hours in the past was 8 p.m.
52 = 20(2) + 12 777 is divisible by 7 102 = 100 ≡ 5 (mod 19) 5x – 4 = 6k a1 = 2(1) – 6 = –4, a2 = 2(4) – 6 = 2
101 = (102)2 ≡ 52 (mod 19) 15. Today is Tuesday. My uncle will come after
20 = 12(1) + 8 777 ≡ 0 (mod 7) put, k = 1, 5x – 4 = 6; x = 2 a3 = 2(9) – 6 = 12, a4 = 2(16) – 6 = 26
45 days. In which day my uncle will be
12 = 8(1) + 4 777 + 1 ≡ 0 + 1(mod 7) 104 = 25 (mod 19) coming? The first terms are –4, 2, 12, 26
11. Solve: 5x ≡ 4 (mod 6)
8 = 4(2) + 0 Remainder 0 778 ≡ 1(mod 7) 104 = 6 (mod 19) [since 25 ≡ 6 (mod 19)] Solution: 19. Find the nth term of the following sequences
Solution:
The remainder is 0, when the last divisor is 4. Therefore, the remainder when 778 is divisible Therefore, x = 6 Today is Tuesday, now use modulo 7. (i) 2, 5, 10, 17, ... (ii) 0, 1 , 2 , ...
5x ≡ 4 (mod 6)
HCF of 340 and 412 is 4 by 7 is 1. 9. Find the number of integer solutions of Week days = 7 (iii) 3, 8, 13, 18, ... 2 3
5x – 4 = 6k
ii) To find HCF of 867 and 255 5. Determine the value of d such that 15 ≡ 3 3x ≡ 1 (mod 15). 45 ≡ x (mod 7) Solution:
5x = 6k +4
(mod d) 45 – x = 7n i) 2, 5, 10, 17, …
867 = 255(3) + 102 Solution: 6k + 4
Solution: x= , k = 1, 6, 11, …. 45 – x is multiple of 7. 1 + 1, 4 +1, 9 +1, 16 + 1
255 = 102(2) + 51 3x ≡ 1 (mod 15) can be written as 5
6(1) + 4 6 + 4 10
The least Positive value of x is 3 an = n2 + 1, n N
102 = 51(2) + 0 Remainder 0 15 ≡ 3 (mod d) means 3x – 1 = 15k for some integer k If k = 1, x = = = =2 The required day:
HCF of 340 and 412 is 51 15 – 3 = kd, for some integer k. 3x = 15k + 1 5 5 5
Tuesday + 3 days in Friday.
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

74 75 76
= 20 [6 + 156] Solution: Solution: 4n = 46 a
ii) 0, 1 , 2 ,… S∞ = = 9 = 63
2 3 = 20[162] Sn = 2n2 – 3n Given t8 = 768 ar7 = 768, r = 2 n =6 1- r 2
= 3240 S1 = 2(1)2 – 3(1) = 2 – 3 = –1, To find t10. 1 1-
1-1 2 -1 3 -1
, , ,.... an =
n -1
,n N 32. Find the sum 3 + 1 + +… ∞ 5 Marks 3 STAGE 2
1 2 3 ii) a = 102, d = –5, n = 27 S2 = 2(2)2 – 3(2) = 8 – 6 = 2, t10 = ar9 = ar7 × r2 = 768 × 4 = 3072 3
n Solution:
n S3 = 2(3)2 – 3(3) = 18 – 9 = 9; 1. Find the HCF of 396, 504, 636.
iii) 3, 8, 13, 18, …. Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] 29. If a, b, c are in A.P. then show that 3a, 3b, 3c t2 1
2 t1 = S1 = –1 Here a = 3, r = =
5–2, 10–2, 15–2, 20–2,,…. are in G.P. t1 3 Solution:
27 t2 = S2 – S1 = 2 + 1 = 3 a 3 9
5(1) – 2, 5(2) – 2, 5(3) – 2, 5 (4) – 2,…. S27 = [ 2(102)+26(–5)] Solution: Sum of infinite terms, S∞ = = = o find HCF of three given numbers, first we
T
2 1- r 1 2 have to find HCF of the first two numbers.
t3 = S3 – S2 = 9 – 2 = 7 If a,b,c are in A.P. 1-
an = 5n–2, n N. 27 27 3
= [204 – 130] = [74] t3 – t2 = 4 and t2 – t1 = 4. t3 – t2 = t2 – t1 t2–t1 = t3 – t2 To find HCF of 396 and 504.
20. First term a and common difference d are 2 2 33. Find the sum of first six terms of the G.P.
The given series is an A.P. b–a=c–b Using Euclid’s division algorithm we get
given below. Find the corresponding A.P. = 27 × 37 = 999 5, 15, 45, … 504 = 396 × 1 + 108
26. How many terms of the series 1 + 5 + 9 + ... 2b = a + c → (1)
(i) a = 5, d = 6 (ii) a = 7, d =−5 iii) a = 6, d = 7, l = 97 Solution: The remainder is 108 ≠ 0
must be taken so that their sum is 190? 3a, 3b, 3c are in G.P.
3 G.P. 5, 15, 45, ……

et
(iii) a = , d = æ l - aö 97 - 6 Solution: If a,b,c are inG.P. 396 = 108 × 3 +72
4 n= ç + 1= + 1=14 15
è d ÷ø 7 t t Here, a = 5, r = = 3, n= 6 The remainder is 72 ≠ 0
Solution: Here we have to find the value of n, 2 = 3 5
n t1 t2 108 = 72 × 1 +36

i.N

i.N
Given a = 5, d = 6. General Form of A.P a, Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] such that Sn = 190.
a + d, a + 2d, … 5, 11, 17, 23,…
2
First term a = 1, b c Sn =
(
a rn -1 ) The remainder is 36 ≠ 0
14 14 = b2 = ac 72 = 36 × 2 + 0
Given a = 7,d = –5. General Form of A.P a, S14 = [2(6)+13(7)] = [12+91] Common Difference d = 5 – 1 = 4. r -1
2 2 a b
a + d, a + 2d, … 7, 2, –3, –8,… = 7 ×103 = 721 Sum of first n terms of an A.P. (3 ) = 3a. 3c 32b = 3a+c
b 2
S6 =
(
5 36 - 1
=
) 5 (729 - 1)
=
5 (728) The remainder is Zero.

la
3 1 n Therefore HCF of 396, 504 = 36.
Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] = 190 2b = a+ c → (2) 2 2 2
Given a = , d = General Form of A.P 23. How many consecutive odd integers To find the HCF of 636 and 36.
4 2 2 From (1) and (2) it is proved. 3a, 3b, 3c are in = 5 × 364
3 5 7 9 beginning with 5 will sum to 480? n Using Euclid’s division algorithm we get

sa
a, a + d, a + 2d, … , , , ,... [2×1+(n–1)×4] = 190 G.P. S6 = 1820
4 4 4 4 Solution: 2 636 = 36 × 17 + 24
21. Find the first term and common difference 5 + 7 + 9 + ….. n , Sn = 480. n [4n – 2] = 380 30. Find the sum of 8 terms of the G.P. 34. Find the first term of the G.P. whose common
The remainder is 24 ≠ 0
of the Arithmetic Progressions whose nth 2n2 – n – 190 = 0 1, −3, 9, −27, … ratio 5 and whose sum to first 6 terms is
Here a = 5, d = 2 36 = 24 × 1 + 12
46872.
da

da
terms are given below n 19 Solution:
Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] But n = 10 as n = – is impossible. The remainder is 12 ≠ 0
(i) tn = −3 +2n ii) tn = 4 − 7n 2 Here a = 1, Solution:
2 -3 24 = 12 × 2 + 0
n , n = 10. Common ratio, r = = –3 < 1. n=8. Given in G.P. r = 5, n = 6, Sn = 46872.
Solution: [2(5)+(n–1)2] = 480 1 The remainder is zero.
2 27. The 104th term and 4th term of an A.P. are a (r n - 1)
Pa

Pa
i) tn = –3 + 2n n (5 + n – 1) = 480 Sum ton terms of a G.P. is To find a, = Sn Therefore HCF of 636, 36 = 12.
125 and 0. Find the sum of first 35 terms. r -1
t1 = –3 + 2(1) = –1, n(4 +n) = 480
Solution: a (r n - 1) a (5 - 1)
6 Therefore, Highest Common Factor of
t2 = –3 + 2(2) = 1 n2 + 4n – 480 = 0 Sn = ,r≠1 396, 504 and 636 is 12.
t104 = 125 a + 103d = 125 -----(1) r -1 = 46872
a = –1, d = t2 – t1 = 1 + 1 = 2 5 -1
(n + 24) (n – 20) = 0
(
1 (-3) - 1 ) 2. Use Euclid’s Division Algorithm to find the
w.

w.
n

w.
t4 = 0 a + 3d = 0 -----(2) 6561 - 1 15624 ù
ii) tn = 4 – 7n n = –24 (or) n = 20
(1) – (2) 100d = 125
Hence, S8 = = a éê = a[3906] = 46872 Highest Common Factor (HCF) of 84, 90
t1 = 4 – 7(1) = –3 The required answer n = 20. (-3) - 1 -4 ë 4 ûú
125 46872 and 120.
t2 = 4 – 7(2) = –10 d = = 1.25 6560 a =
24. Find the sum of first 28 terms of an A.P.
ww

ww
100 = = –1640 3906 Solution:
t1 = –3 , t2 = –10 whose nth term is 4n – 3. -4
To find S35, 31. How many terms of the series 1 + 4 + 16 + ... a = 12 To find HCF of 84, 90 and 120
d = t2 – t1 = – 7 Solution: (1) a + 103 (1.25) = 125 make the sum 1365? 35. Find the sum to infinity of First to find HCF of 84 and 90
a = –3, d = –7 Given in A.P. tn = 4n – 3 a+128.75 = 125 Solution: 28
(i) 9 + 3 + 1 + ... (ii) 21 + 14 + + ... 90 = 84q + r (6 ≠ 0)
22. Find the sum of the following: a = t1 = 4(1) – 3 = 1, a = – 3.75 Let n be the number of terms to be added to get 3 90 = 84 × 1 + 6
n Solution:
(i) 3, 7, 11, … up to 40 terms. t2 = 4(2) – 3 = 5 Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] the sum 1365 84 = 6 × 14 + 0
2 i) 9 + 3 + 1 + …. Here, a = 9 , r = 1/3
(ii) 102, 97, 92, … up to 27 terms. d = t2 – t1 = 5 – 1 = 4 4 HCF of 84, 90 = 6.
35 a = 1, r = = 4 >1 ( –1 < r < 1)
(iii) 6 + 13 + 20 + ... + 97 l = t28 = 4(28) – 3 = 109 S35 = [2(–3.75)+(34)1.25] 1 a 9 27 Then to find HCF of 6 and 120
Solution: n
2 a (r n - 1) S∞ = = =
Sn = [a+l] 35 Sn = 1365 = 1365 1- r 1 2 120 = 6 × 20 + 0
= [–7.50+42.50] r -1 1-
i)
a = 3, d =4, n = 40 2 3 HCF of 84, 90,120 is 6
28 2
n S28 = [1+109] = 1540 35 1(4n - 1) 28 2
Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] 2 1225 = 1365 3. Find x, y and z, given that the numbers
2 = [35] = = 612.5 ii) 21 + 14 + + … Here, a =21 , r =
25. The sum of first n terms of a certain series is 2 2 4 -1 3 3
40 (4n–1) = 4095 2 x, 10, y, 24, z are in A.P.
S40 = [2(3)+39(4)] given as 2n2 – 3n . Show that the series is an ( –1< < 1)
2 28. Find the 10th term of a G.P. whose 8th term is 3
A.P. 4n = 4096
768 and the common ratio is 2.
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

77 78 79
Solution: Solution: successive step requires two bricks less than n the first year and the expenses increases by 42 8
If S1, S2 and S3 are the sum of first n, 2n and 3n the previous step. Sn= [a+l] ₹900 per year. How long will it take for her
A.P. x, 10, y, 24, z 2 7 300 7 600
10 + 24 34 terms of an A.P. respectively then (i) How many bricks are required for the top x ( x - 1) = 49 (50) – x ( x + 1) to save ₹20,000 per month.
That is y = = = 17 28 56
2 2 n most step? 2 Solution:
S1 = [2a+(n – 1)d], 2 2 20 40
A.P = x, 10, 17, 24, z 2 (ii) How many bricks are required to build x2 – x = 2450 – x2 – x 1 year 2 year
2n 14 35
S2 = [2a+(2n – 1)d], the stair case? 2x2 = 2450 Income `15,000 `16,500
Here we know that d = 17 – 10 = 7 6 5
2 Solution: x2 = 1225
x = 10 – 7 = 3 Expenses `13,000 `13,900
3n iven 100 + 98 + 96 + … , a = 100,
G a = 300 + 7 – 6 l = 600 – 5
S3 = [2a+(3n – 1)d], x = 35 Savings `2,000 `2,600
z = 24 + 7 = 31 2 d = –2, n = 30 Senthil’s house number = 35 Annual Savings `2,000, `2,600, `3,200… a = 301 l = 595
x = 3, y = 17, z = 31. S2–S1
i) To find t30 595 - 300 294
2n n Here a = 2,000, d = 600, tn = 20,000 n = +1= +1
4. Find the sum of all odd positive integers less = [2a+(2n–1)d] – [2a+(n–1)d] tn = a + (n – 1)d 11. The sum of three consecutive terms that are 7 7
2 2 a+(n–1)d = 20,000
than 450. t30 = 100 + 29 (–2) = 100 – 58 = 42 in A.P. is 27 and their product is 288. Find n = 42 + 1
n 2000+(n–1)600 = 20,000
= [[4a+2(2n–1)d] – [2a+(n – 1)d] the three terms. SEP-21 n = 43
et

et
Solution: 2 ii) To find S30 (n–1)600 = 20,000 – 2000
n Solution: n
The required answer = 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + 449 S2 – S1 = × [2a+(3n – 1)d] n 30 = 18000 Sn = (a + l)
2 Sn = [a + l] S30 = [100+42] = 2130 Let the 3 consecutive terms in an A.P. be 2
Here, a = 1, d = 2, l = 449 3n 2 2 18000
i.N

i.N
43

i.N
3(S2 – S1) = [2a+(3n – 1)d] 9. In a Geometric progression, the 4th term is a–d, a, a+d. n–1 = 43
2 S43 = (301 + 595) = (896) = 43 × 448
æ l - aö 449 - 1 600 2 2
n =ç +1= + 1 = 225 8 and the 7th term is 64 . Sum of three terms
è d ø÷ 2 3(S2 – S1) = S3 n – 1 = 30 S43 = 19264
9 243 a–d + a + a+d = 27
225 n 7. If lth, mth and nth terms of an A.P. are x, y, z n = 31 years
Sn = [1 + 449] Sn = [a+1] Find the Geometric Progression. 3a = 27, 16. Find the 15th, 24th and nth term (general term)
la

la
2 2 respectively, then show that |May 22| 27 The savings of Priya after 31 years is
= 225 × 225 (i) x (m −n)+y(n −l)+z (l −m) = 0 Solution: a = of an A.P. given by 3, 15, 27, 39,…
3 ` 20,000.
(ii) (x −y)n +(y −z)l +(z−x)m = 0 8 8 Solution:
= 50625 4 term t4 =
th
ar3 = ..... (1)
sa

sa
9 9 a = 9 14. A mother divides ₹207 into three parts such
Solution: We have, first term = a = 3 and common
5. Find the first five terms of the following 64 64 Product of three terms that the amount are in A.P. and gives it to
a i) Let a be the first term and d be the common 7th term t7 = ar6 = ..... (2) difference = d = 15 – 3 = 12
sequence a1=1, a2=1, an= n -1 ; n≥3, n N 243 243 (a–d) (a) (a+d) = 288 her three children. The product of the two
an - 2 + 3 difference. It is given that least amounts that the children had ₹4623. We know that nth term (general term) of an A.P.
Dividing (2) by (1)
da

da
Solution: a(a2 – d2) = 288 with first term a and common difference d is
t1 = x, tm = y, tn = z 64 Find the amount received by each child.
The first two terms of this sequence are given 9(92 – d2) = 288 given by tn = a + (n–1)d
Using the general term formula ar 6 64 9 8
by a1 = 1, a2 = 1. The third term a3 depends on we get 3 = 243 = × = 81 – d2 =
288 Solution:
t15 = a + (15 – 1)d = a + 14d = 3 + 14(12) = 171
a + (l – 1)d = x -------(1) ar 8 243 8 27 Let the amount received by the three children
the first and second terms 9
Pa

Pa
an -1 a + (m – 1)d = y -------(2) 9
(Here a = 3 and d =12)
Given an = 8 2 81 – d2 = 32 be in the form of a – d, a, a + d.
an - 2 + 3 a + (n – 1)d = z -------(3) r =
3
r= Since, sum of the amount is ` 207 t24 = a + (24 –1)d = a + 23d = 3 + 23(12) = 279
a3-1 a2 1 1 27 3 49 = d2 d = ±7 The nth term (general term)is given by
a3 = = = = x(m–n) + y(n–l) + z(l–m) Substituting the value of r in (1), (a – d) + a + (a + d) = 207.
a3- 2 + 3 a1 + 3 1 + 3 4 The three terms of A.P are 3a = 207 a = 69 tn = a + (n – 1)d
= [a+(l–1)d] (m–n) + [a+(m–1)d](n–l) + æ 2ö
3
w.

w.
8
1 1 we get, a × ç ÷ = a=3 2, 9, 16 (or) 16, 9, 2 It is given that product of the two least amounts tn = 3 + (n – 1)12
[a+(n–1)d] (l–m) è 3ø 9
a4-1 a3 is 4623.
a4 = = = 4 = 4 = [a+ld–d](m–n) + [a+md–d](n–l) + [a+nd–d] Therefore the Geometric Progession 12. The ratio of 6th and 8th term of an A.P. is 7:9. tn = 12n – 9
a4- 2 + 3 a2 + 3 1 + 3 4
[l–m] Find the ratio of 9th term to 13th term. (a – d)a = 4623
4 17. Determine the general term of an A.P. whose
ww

ww
1 1 1 a, ar, ar2….. That is , 3, 2, ,…. (69 – d)69 = 4623;
= × = = am–an + lmd–lnd–md + nd + an–al + mnd – 3 Solution: MAY-22 7th term is −1 and 16th term is 17.
4 4 16 1 lmd – nd +ld + al–am+lnd–mnd–ld+md 10. The houses of a street are numbered from 4623
t6 : t8 = 7 : 9 69 – d = = 67 Solution:
a5-1 a4 1 4 1 to 49. Senthil’s house is numbered such 69
a5 = = = 16 = × =0 t6 7 a + 5d 7 d =2
Let the A.P. be t1, t2, t3, t4,….
a5- 2 + 3 a3 + 3 1 13 that the sum of numbers of the houses prior = =
+ 3 16 ii) On subtracting equation (2) from equation (1), t8 9 a + 7d 9 It is given that t7 = –1 and t16 = 17
1 4 to Senthil’s house is equal to the sum of Therefore, amount given by the mother to her
= equation (3) from equation (2) and equation (1) a + (7 – 1) d = –1 and a + (16 – 1) d = 17
52 numbers of the houses following Senthil’s 9a + 45d = 7a + 49d a = 2d three children are `(69 – 2), `69 , `(69 + 2)
from equation (3), we get a + 6d = –1 …..(1)
house. Find Senthil’s house number? To find t9 : t13 That is `67, `69 and `71.
Therefore, the first five terms of the sequence x–y = (l–m)d; y–z = (m–n)d; z–x=(n–l)d a + 15 d = 17 …..(2)
1 1 1 Solution: t9 15. Find the sum of all natural numbers between
are 1, 1, , , (x–y)n+(y–z)l+(z–x)m a + 8d 10d 5 subtracting equation (1) from equation (2),
4 16 52 Let Senthil’s house number be x. = = = 300 and 600 which are divisible by 7.
= [(l–m)n+(m–n)l+(n–l)m]d t13 a + 12d 14d 7 we get 9d = 18 d = 2.
6. The sum of first n, 2n and 3n terms of an 1 + 2 + 3 + … + (x–1) = (x+1)+ (x+2) + …+ 49 Solution:
= [ln – mn + lm–nl + nm–lm]d = 0 The required ratio is 5 : 7. putting d = 2 in equation (1),
A.P. are S1, S2, and S3 respectively. Prove that 1 + 2 + 3 + … + (x–1) 301 + 308 + 315 + … + 595 = ?
8. A brick staircase has a total of 30 steps. 13. Priya earned ₹15,000 in the first month. we get a + 12 = –1. a = –13
S3 = 3(S2 − S1). = [1 + 2 + 3 + … + 49] – [1 + 2 + 3 +…+ x] a = 300; d = 7; l = 595
The bottom step requires 100 bricks. Each Thereafter her salary increased by ₹1500 Hence, General term
( x - 1) [1+(x–1) ] = 49 [1+49] – x [1+x] æ l - aö
per year. Her expenses are ₹13,000 during n= ç +1
2 2 2 è d ø÷
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

80 81 82
tn = a + (n–1)d Solution: 91 = a–2d × a2d × r2d × r–2d (x – y ) Sn = (x2 – y2)+ (x3 – y3) + (x4 – y4) + ….
= –13 + ( n – 1)2 = 2n – 15 S1 =
n
[2(1) + (n – 1)1] Hence, a æç 1 + 1 + r ö÷ = = a–2d+2d × r2d–2d n terms
èr ø 3
2 = a0 × r0 = 1 × 1 = 1 = (x2 + x3 + x4 + …. n terms)
18. In an A.P., sum of four consecutive terms is n æ1+ r + r2 ö 91
[ Sn= [2a + (n–1)d]] – (y2 + y3 + y4 + …. n terms)
28 and their sum of their squares is 276. Find 2 gives 7 ç ÷ø = 3 25. Find the least positive integer n such that
è r
the four numbers. n
S2 = [2(2) + (n–1)3] 1 + 6 + 62 + ... + 6n > 5000 é x 2 ( x n - 1) y 2 ( y n - 1) ù a (r n - 1)
Solution: 2 3 + 3r + 3r2 = 13r gives 3r2 – 10r + 3 = 0 Solution: ê - ú Sn=
n 1 êë x - 1 y -1 ú
û r -1
Let us take the four terms in the form S3 = [2(3) + (n–1)5] (3r –1)(r – 3) = 0 gives r = 3 or r = That is, to find the least value of n,
2 3 Hence the proof.
(a – 3d), (a – d), (a+d) and (a +3d) . 7 such that Sn > 5000
If a = 7, r = 3 then the three terms are ,7,21
a (r n - 1) 1(6 - 1)
n
Since, sum of the four terms is 28 . 3 6n - 1 28. Find the sum of the series
n 1 7 We have, Sn = = =
a – 3d + a – d + a + d + a + 3d = 28 Sm = [2(m) + (n–1) (2m–1)] If a = 7, r = then the three terms are 21, 7, r -1 6 -1 5 (23 −13) + (43 −33) + (63 − 53) +.... to
2 3 3
4a = 28, n
6 -1 (i) n terms (ii) 8 terms
S1+ S2 + S3 ,………+Sm 23. Sivamani is attending an interview for a job Sn > 5000 > 5000
a=7 n 5 Solution:
and the company gave two offers to him.

et
Similarly, since sum of their squares is 276, = [2(1+2+3+…+m) 6n – 1 > 25000 6n > 250001 i) (23–13) + (43–33) + (63–53) + ... + (2n)3 – (2n–1)3
2 Offer A: ₹20,000 to start with followed by n
+ (n–1) (1+3+5+…. +(2m–1)] Since, 65 = 7776 and 66 = 46656 n
(a – 3d)2 + (a – d)2 + (a + d)2 + (a + 3d)2 = 276 a guaranteed annual increase of 6% for the = å (2 3
+ 43 + 63 + .... – ) å (1 + 3
3 3
)
+ 53 + ....
n é m (m + 1) ù first 5 years. Offer B: ₹22,000 to start with The least positive value of n is 6 such that

i.N

i.N
a2 – 6ad + 9d2 + a2 – 2ad + d2 + a2 + 2ad + d2 + = + (n - 1) m 2 ú
1 1
ê2 followed by a guaranteed annual increase of 1+ 6 + 62 + … + 6n > 5000. n
a2 + 6ad + 9d2 = 276 2 ë 2 û å ëé(2n) - (2n - 1) ûù
3 3
=
4a2 + 20d2 = 276 4(7)2 + 20d2 = 276 n n 3% for the first 5 years. What is his salary in 26. A person saved money every year, half as 1
= [m +m+m n – m ] = [m2n +m]
2 2 2
the 4th year with respect to the offers A and
4(49) + 20 d2 = 276 196 + 20d2 = 276 2 2 much as he could in the previous year. If he [ a3 – b3 = (a–b)3 + 3ab (a–b)]
B?

la
20d2 = 80 d2 = 4 d = ± 4 then d =±2 1 had totally saved ₹ 7875 in 6 years then how
= mn[mn +1]. Hence Proved.
If d = 2 then the four numbers for 2 Solution: much did he save in the first year? = å (2n - 2n + 1) + 3(2n)(2n–1)[2n–2n+1]
21. Find the sum Offer A: P = ` 20,000, r = 6%, n = 3(4th Year) Solution:

sa
7 – 3(2), 7 – 2, 7 + 2 and 7+3(2) n
= å éë(1) + 6n (2n - 1)(1)ùû
3 3

That is the four numbers are 1, 5, 9 and 13. é a - b 3a - 2b 5a - 3b ù æ r ö Total amount saved in 6 years is S6 = 7875
+ + + ... to 12 terms ú A = P ç1 +
ëê a + b a+b a+b û è 100 ø÷ Since he saved half as much money as every
1
If a = 7, d = –2 then 3 3 = Σ13 + Σ12n2 – Σ6n
Solution: æ 6 ö æ 106 ö year he saved in the previous year,
the four numbers are 13, 9, 5 and 1
da

da
= 20,000 ç1 + = 20,000 ç = Σ1 + 12Σn2 – 6Σn
From the given, have first term, t1 =
a-b è 100 ÷ø è 100 ÷ø 1
The four consecutive terms of the A.P are a+b
We have, r = < 1, é n (n + 1)(2n + 1) ù é n (n + 1) ù
Common difference = 20,000(1.06)3 = `23,820 2 = n + 12 ê ú –6 ê ú
1, 5, 9 and 13. 6
3a - 2b a-b 2a - b Offer B: ë û ë 2 û
d= – = and n = 12 æ æ 1ö ö 6
Pa

Pa
19. Find the sum of 0.40 + 0.43 + 0.46 + ... + 1 a ç1 - ç ÷ ÷ = n+2 [(n2+n) (2n+1)] – 3[n(n+1)]
Solution:
a+b
n
a+b a+b P = `22,000 r = 3% (
a 1- rn )= è è 2ø ø
= 7875 = n+2 [2n3+n2+2n2+n] – 3[n2+n]
Sn = [2a+(n–1)d] n = 3(4th Year) 1- r 1
Here the value of n is not given. But the last 2 3 1- = n+2[2n3+3n2+n] – 3n2–3n
12 é æ a - b ö æ 2a - b ö ù æ r ö 2
term is given. From this, we can find the value A = P ç1 +
S12 = ê2 ç ÷ + 11çè ÷
a + b ø úû è 100 ø÷ = n+4n3+6n2+2n – 3n2–3n
w.

w.
of n. Given: a = 0.40 and tn = l = 1, 2 ë è a + bø æ 1ö
a ç1 - ÷ = 4n3 + 3n2 = sum of n terms
d = 0.43 – 0.40 = 0.03 3 è 64 ø
æ r ö 103 ö
3
= 7875
æ l - aö æ 1 - 0.40 ö =6× ç
æ 2a - 2b + 22a - 11b ö = 22,000 ç1 + = 22,000 æç 1 ii) When n = 8
Therefore, n = ç +1 = ç + 1 = 21 è a+b ø÷ è 100 ÷ø è 100 ÷ø 1-
è d ÷ø è 0.03 ÷ø
ww

ww
2 Sum of 8 terms = 4(8)3 + 3(8)2
6 = 22,000(1.03) = ` 24,040
3 63
Sum of first n terms of an A.P. = (24a – 13b) = 7875 a× = 4(512)+3(64)
n a+b 32
Sn = [a+l] 24. If a, b, c are three consecutive terms of an 7875 ´ 32 = 2048+192
2 22. The product of three consecutive terms of a = a
A.P. and x, y, z are three consecutive terms 63 = 2240
Here, n = 21 Geometric Progression is 343 and their sum
21 91 of a G.P. then prove that xb−c × yc−a × za−b a = 4000
Therefore, S21 = [0.40+1] =14.7 is . Find the three terms. = 1. ***
2 3 The amount saved in the first year is `4000.
So, the sum of 21 terms of the given series is Solution:
Solution:
a,b,c are three consecutive terms of an A.P. 27. If Sn = (x+y) + (x2 + xy + y2) +
14.7
Since the product of 3 consecutive terms is (x3 + x2y +xy2 + y3)+.... n terms then prove
20. If S1, S2, S3, ..., Sm are the sums of n terms of Let a = a, b = a + d, c = a + 2d
given.
x, y, z are three consecutive terms of an G.P. a (r n - 1)
m A.P.’s whose first terms are 1, 2, 3, ..., m a that (x–y)Sn =
We can take them as ×a ×ar. x = a, y = ar, z = ar2 r -1
and whose common differences are 1, 3, 5, ..., r Solution:
(2m – 1) respectively, then Product of the terms = 343 LHS = xb–c × yc–a × za–b Sn = (x + y) + (x2 + xy + y2) + (x3 + x2y + xy2 +
1 a = 7 gives a = 7
3 3
= aa+d–a–2d × (ar)a+2d–a × (ar2)a–a–d
show that S1 + S2 + S3 + ... + Sm = mn(mn+1) 91 y3) + … n terms
2 Sum of the terms = = a–d × a2d r2d × a–d r–2d
3
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

83 84 85
f ( x) ´ g ( x) Solution:
9. Solve: 2x2 −2 6x+3=0 5x2 – 24x – 5 = 0

3 Algebra LCM =
GCD i)
14x 7x 4
÷ 4 =
3y
14x 4
× = 6x3y3 Solution:
5x – 25x + x – 5 = 0
2

y y 1
( x)( x - 3a)(x 2 + 3xa + 9a 2 )( x - 3a)2 2x2 – 2 6 x + 3 = 0 = 2x2 – 6 x – 6x+3 x = 5, –
5
= x 2 - 16 x-4 x 2 - 16 x+4 (by splitting the middle term)
2 Marks STAGE 2 = (x – 1) (x + 1 + x .1) (x + 1)
2 2 x - 3a ii) ÷ = × 13. Determine the nature of roots for the
x+4 x+4 x+4 x-4 = 2x( 2x– 2)– 3 ( 2 x– 3)
1. Solve: 2x − 3y = 6, x + y = 1 = (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x + 1) LCM = (x)(x–3a)2 (x2 + 3xa + 9a2) following quadratic equations
g(x) = x3 + 1 =
( x + 4)( x - 4) ×
x+4
= x+4 (i) x2 − x − 20 = 0 (ii) 9x2 − 24x + 16 = 0
Solution:
4. Reduce each of the following rational = ( 2 x – 3) ( 2 x – 3)
x+4 x-4
= x3 + 13 = (x + 1) (x2 + 12 – x . 1) Now, equating the factors to zero we get, (iii) 2x2 − 2x + 9 = 0
expressions to its lowest form.
= (x + 1 ) (x2 – x + 1) 16 x 2 - 2 x - 3 8 x 2 + 11x + 3 Solution:
2
iii) ÷ 2 ( 2 x – 3) ( 2 x – 3) = 0
i) x2 - 1
2

GCD = (x + 1) ii) x 2- 11 x + 18 3x 2 - 2 x - 1 3x - 11x - 4 (i) x2 – x – 20 = 0

x +x x - 4x + 4
LCM = (x + 1) (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x2 – x + 1) 16 x 2 - 2 x - 3 3 x 2 - 11x - 4 ( 2 x– 3 )2 = 0 Here, a = 1, b = –1, c = –20
2
p 2 - 3 p - 40 = × 2
f(x) × g(x) = (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x + 1) (x + 1) iii) 39 x - 281 x iv) 3x 2 - 2 x - 1 8 x + 11x + 3 2x– 3 = 0 Now, ∆ = b2 – 4ac;
x - 8x - 9x 2 p 3 - 24 p 2 - 64 p
et

et
(x2 – x + 1) ∆ = (–1)2 – 4(1) (–20) = 81
Solution:
(8 x + 3)(2 x - 1) (3x + 1)( x - 4) 3
LCM × GCD = (x + 1) (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x2 – x = × The solution is x = Here ∆ = 81 > 0.
+ 1) (x + 1) x2 - 1 x 2 - 12 ( x + 1)( x - 1) (3x + 1)( x - 1) (8 x + 3)( x + 1) 2
i) = = So the equation will have real and unequal
i.N

i.N

i.N
Hence, f(x) × g(x) = LCM × GCD x2 + x x ( x + 1) x ( x + 1) (2 x - 1)( x - 4) = 2 x 2 - 9 x + 4 10. Solve: 2m2 +19m + 30 = 0 roots.
=
(iii) (x2y + xy2), (x2 + xy) ( x - 1) ( x - 1)( x + 1) x2 - 1 Solution:
(ii) 9x2 – 24x + 16 = 0
= 2m2 + 19m + 30
2x – 3y = 6 ..... (1) f(x) = (x2y + xy2) = xy(x + y) x 1 2 x3 + x2 + 3 Here, a = 9, b = –24, c = 16
7. Subtract from
la

la
( x - 9)( x - 2) = x - 9 = 2m2 + 4m + 15m + 30
( )
2
x+y=1 ..... (2) g(x) = (x2 + xy) = x (x + y) x 2 - 11x + 18 x2 + 2 x2 + 2 Now, ∆ = b2 – 4ac;
ii) = Solution: = 2m(m+2) + 15(m + 2)
(1) × 1 2x – 3y = 6 LCM = xy(x+y) x2 - 4x + 4 ( x - 2)( x - 2) x - 2 2 x3 + x 2 + 3 1 ∆ = (–24)2 – 4(9) (–16) = 0
= (m + 2) (2m + 15)
sa

sa
GCD = x (x + y) – 2 Here ∆ = 0.
(2) × 3 3x + 3y = 3(+) 9 x 2 + 81x = 9 x ( x + 9) ( )
2
x2 + 2 x +2 Equating the factors to zero we get,
f(x) × g(x) = x2y(x + y)2 iii) So the equation will have real and equal roots.
9 LCM × GCD = x2y(x + y)2
x3 - 8 x 2 - 9 x (
x x2 + 8x - 9 ) 2 x3 + x 2 + 3 - x 2 + 2 ( ) (m + 2) (2m + 15) = 0
5x = 9 x = = (iii) 2x2 – 2x + 9 = 0
9 x ( x + 9) m + 2 = 0 m = –2 or 2m + 15 = 0
5 9
(x )
da

da
2
9 Hence, f(x) × g(x) = LCM × GCD = =
2
+2 Here, a = 2, b = –2, c = 9
(2)
5
+y = 1
3. Find the LCM of each pair of the following
( x)( x + 9)( x - 1) x - 1 2 x3 + x 2 + 3 - x 2 - 2 2 x3 + 1 m=
-15
9 = = 2 Now, ∆ = b2 – 4ac;
y = 1– ( p - 8)( p + 5)
polynomials
(x ) (x ) -15
2 2
5 p 2 - 3 p - 40 2
+2
2
+2 Therefore the roots are –2 or ∆ = (–2)2 – 4(2) (9) = –68
iv) =
Pa

Pa
5-9 -4 (i) a2 + 4a −12, a2 −5a + 6 whose GCD is a -2 2 p 3 - 24 p 2 - 64 p 2 p ( p - 8)( p - 4) 2 ∆ = –68 < 0.
y = = 8. Which rational expression should be 11. Solve x4 − 13x2 + 42 = 0
5 5 (ii) x 4 –27a3x, (x – 3a)2 whose GCD is ( p + 5) 2
subtracted from x +36 x + 8 to get Solution:
So the equation will have no real roots.
9 -4 =
Therefore, x = , y = (x –3a) 2 p ( p - 4) 3 x +8 14. i) Find the values of ‘k’, for which the
5 5 Given : x4 – 13x2 + 42 = 0
Solution: quadratic equation
w.

w.
2. Find the LCM and GCD for the following x3 x2 - 2 x + 4 Let x2 = y
i) f(x) = a2 + 4a – 12 5. (i) Multiply by 275y Solution: kx2 −(8k + 4)x + 81 = 0 has real and equal
and verify that f(x)×g(x) = LCM ×GCD 9 y2 x y2 – 13y + 42 = 0
= (a + 6) (a – 2) roots?
(i) 21x2y, 35xy2 Required equation y = 6 (or) y = 7
g(x) = a2 – 5a + 6 x 4b2 x2 - 1 ii) Find the values of ‘k’ such that quadratic
ww

ww
(ii) Multiply by 4 3 x2 + 6x + 8 3 x2 = 6 (or) x2 = 7
(ii) (x3 − 1)(x + 1), (x3 + 1) x -1 ab = – 2 equation
= (a – 3) (a – 2) x3 + 8
(iii) (x2y + xy2), (x2 + xy) Solution: x - 2x + 4 x = ± 6 (or) x = ± 7 (k + 9)x2 +(k + 1)x + 1 = 0 has no real
GCD = a – 2
Solution: i)
x3 27 y
× 5 =
27
= 2
3
=
( x + 2)( x + 4)
– 12. If the difference between a number and its roots?
f ( x) ´ g ( x) x 9 yx 2 x y 24
i) 21x2y, 35xy2 LCM = 9 y2 x 3 + 23 x - 2x + 4 reciprocal is , find the number. Solution:
GCD 5
f(x) = 21x2y = 3 × 7 × x2 × y x 4b 2 x2 - 1 x4 ( x + 1)( x - 1) ( x + 2)( x + 4) 3 Solution:
i) kx2–(8k+4)x + 81 = 0
g(x) = 35xy2 = 5 × 7 × x × y2 =
(a + 6)(a - 2) ´ (a - 3)(a - 2) ii)
x -1
× 4 3 =
ab x -1
×
a 4b
=
( x + 2) ( x 2 - 2 x + 4 )
–
x2 - 2x + 4 Since the equation has real and equal roots, ∆ =
a-2 Let x be the required number 0.
LCM = 3 × 5 × 7 × x2 × y2 = 105x2y2
= (a + 6) (a – 3) (a – 2) =
x 4 ( x + 1)
=
( x + 4) – 3 1
be its reciprocal That is b2 – 4ac = 0 Here a = k,
GCD = 7 × x × y = 7xy
f(x) × g(x) = 3 × 5 × 72 × x3 × y3 ii) f(x) = x4 – 27a3x
a 4b (x 2
- 2x + 4 ) x2 - 2x + 4 x
1 24 b = –(8k+4), c = 81
6. Find Given x – =
LCM × GCD = 3 × 5 × 72 × x3 × y3 = x(x3 – (3a)3) x+ 4-3 x +1 x 5 That is,[–(8k+4)]2 – 4(k)(81) = 0
14x 4 7x x 2 - 16 x-4 = = 2
Hence, f(x) × g(x) = LCM × GCD = (x) (x–3a)(x2 + 3xa + 9a2) (i) ÷ ii) ÷ x2 - 2x + 4 x - 2x + 4 x 2 - 1 24 64k2 + 64k + 16 – 324 k = 0
y 3 y4 x+4 x+4 =
g(x) = (x – 3a)2 x 5 64k2 – 260k + 16 = 0
ii) (x – 1 ) (x + 1), x + 1.
3 3 2
iii) 16 x2 - 2 x - 3 ÷ 8 x 2 + 11 x + 3
2
5x2 – 5 = 24x Dividing by 4 we get,
f(x) = (x3 – 1) (x + 1) 3x - 2x - 1 3 x - 11 x - 4
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

86 87 88
16k2 – 65k + 1 = 0 2 5ö 1 -3ö 2
æ cos q sin q ö æ cos q - sin q ö 5 Marks STAGE 2x + y = 3
17. If A = æ ,B= æ
2

(16k – 1) (k – 4) = 0 çè 2 5 ÷ø
find AB, æ 1ö
ç x - ÷ =
9 3
= çæ ÷ö AAT = ç 2 2x + y = 3
1
çè 4 3÷ø è 4ø 16 è 4ø è - sin q cos q ÷ø çè sin q cos q ÷ø 1. Solve the following system of linear equations
k= or k = 4.
16 BA and verify AB = BA? 1 3 æ cos 2 q + sin 2 q 0 ö in three variables 0 =0
æ 2 5ö æ 1 -3ö x = + = ç
ii) (k + 9) x2 + (k +1)x +1 = 0. 4 4 è cos 2 q sin 2 q + cos 2 q ø÷ 3x – 2y + z = 2, 2x + 3y – z = 5, x + y + z = 6. Here we arrive at an identity 0 = 0.
A= ç ,B= ç
Since the equation has real and equal roots, è 4 3ø÷ è 2 5 ø÷ 1 3 1 æ 1 0ö Solution: Hence the system has an infinite number of
x = 1 or x = – = –
æ 1 -3ö 4 4 2 = ç =1 3x – 2y + z = 2 ..... (1) solutions.
∆<0 æ 2 5ö
AB = ç ×ç è 0 1ø÷
è 2 5 ÷ø æ cosq 0 ö æ sinq 0 ö
That is b2 – 4ac = 0. è 4 3ø÷ 20. If A = ç , B = 2x + 3y – z = 5 ..... (2) 3. Solve: 3x + y – 3z = 1 ; –2x – y + 2z = 1;
cosq ø÷ æ 5 -4ö
Here a = k+9, b = k +1, c = 1 è 0 èç 0 sinq ø÷ 22. Verify that A2 = I when A = ç x + y + z = 6 ..... (3) –x – y + z = 2.
æ 2 + 10 -6 + 15 ö æ12 9ö è 6 -5÷ø
=ç = ---(1) then show that A2 +B2 = I. Adding (1) and (2)
That is,(k + 1)2 – 4(k +9)(1) < 0 è 4+6 -12 + 15ø÷ çè10 3÷ø Solution: Solution:
k2 + 2k + 1 – 4k – 36 < 0 Solution: æ 5 -4ö æ 5 -4ö 3x – 2y + z = 2 3x + y – 3z = 1 ..... (1)
æ 1 -3ö æ 2 5ö A2 = A × A = ç
k2 – 2k – 35 < 0 BA = ç æ cos q 0 ö æ sin q 0 ö è 6 -5÷ø çè 6 -5÷ø 2x + 3y – z = 5(+) –2x – y + 2z =1 ..... (2)
è 2 5 ø÷ èç 4 3ø÷ A= ç ,B= ç
(k + 5) (k – 7) < 0 è 0 cos q ø÷ è 0 sin q ø÷ –x – y + z = 2 ..... (3)

et
æ 25 - 24 -20 + 20ö
æ 2 - 12 5 - 9 ö -8 -4ö =ç
Therefore, –5 < k < 7. {If α < β and if =ç =æ ---(2) Proof A + B = I
2 2
è 30 - 30 -24 + 25÷ø 5x + y = 7 ..... (4) Adding (1) and (2),
(x – α)(x – β)<0 then, α < x < β}. è 4 + 20 10 + 8ø÷ çè 24 18 ÷ø Adding (2) and (3) 3x + y – 3z = 1
æ 1 0ö

i.N

i.N
(1), (2) AB ≠ BA A2 = A . A =ç =1 2x + 3y – z = 5 –2x – y + 2z = 1 (+)
15. Determine the nature of the roots for the è 0 1÷ø
We conclude, product matrix is not æ cos q 0 ö æ cos q 0 ö x + y + z = 6 (+)
following quadratic equations =ç
commutative. è 0 cos q ÷ø çè 0 cos q ÷ø x–z = 2 ..... (4)
(i) 15x2 + 11x + 2 = 0 SEP-21 Adding (1) and (3),
æ 1 2ö 3x + 4y = 11 ..... (5)

la
(ii) x2 − x − 1 = 0 18. Show that the matrices A = ç , æ cos 2 q + 0 0+0 ö
è 3 1÷ø =ç (4) × 4 – (5) 3x + y – 3z = 1
Solution: æ 1 -2ö è 0+0 0 + cos 2 q ø÷
20x + 4y = 28 –x – y + z = 2 (+)
B = ç satisfy commutative
è -3 1 ø÷

sa
(i) 15x2 + 11x + 2 = 0 æ cos 2 q 0 ö
=ç 3x + 4y = 11 (–) 2x – 2z = 3……(5)
a = 15, b = 11, c = 2 property AB = BA è 0 cos 2 q ÷ø
∆ = b2 – 4ac Solution: (5) × 1 2x – 2z = 3
B2 = B . B 17x = 17 x=1 (4) × 2 2x – 2z = 4 (–)
da

da
= 112 – 4 × 15 × 2 æ 1 2ö æ 1 -2ö
Given : A = ç ,B= ç æ sin q 0 ö æ sin q 0 ö Substituting x = 1 in (4), 5 + y = 7 y=2
= 121 – 120 = 1 = (+)ve è 3 1÷ø è -3 1 ÷ø =ç
è 0 sin q ø÷ çè 0 sin q ø÷ Substituting x = 1, y = 2 in (3), 1 + 2 + z = 6 0 = –1
The roots are real and unequal. æ 1 2ö æ 1 -2ö
AB = ç ×ç æ sin 2 q + 0 we get, z = 3 Here we arrive at a contradiction as 0 ≠ –1.
÷ ÷ 0+0 ö
Pa

Pa
(ii) x2 – x – 1 = 0 è 3 1ø è -3 1 ø =ç Therefore, x = 1, y = 2, z = 3
a = 1, b = –1, c = –1 è 0+0 0 + sin 2 q ÷ø This means that the system is inconsistent and
æ 1 - 6 -2 + 2ö æ -5 0 ö 2. Solve: x + 2y – z = 5 ; x − y + z = −2; has no solution.
=ç =ç æ sin 2 q
∆ = b2 – 4ac è 3 - 3 -6 + 1÷ø è 0 -5÷ø =ç
0 ö
− 5x − 4y + z = −11 y z z
y
= (–1)2 – 4(1) (–1) è 0 sin 2 q ø÷ 4. Solve x – 1 = +1= + 2; + = 13
w.

w.
æ 1 -2ö æ 1 2ö Solution: 2 6 7 3 2
=1+4=5 BA = ç ×
è -3 1 ÷ø çè 3 1ø÷ A +B
2 2
x + 2y – z = 5 ..... (1) Solution:
The roots are real and unequal.
æ cos 2 q + sin 2 q 0 ö x – y + z = –2 ..... (2) x y
æ 1 - 6 -2 + 2ö æ -5 0 ö =ç –1 = +1
ww

ww
16. A girl is twice as old as her sister. Five years =ç =ç è 0 cos 2 q + sin 2 q ÷ø –5x – 4y + z = –11 ..... (3)
è -3 + 3 -6 + 1÷ø è 0 -5÷ø 2 6
hence, the product of their ages (in years) Adding (1) and (2) we get
æ 1 0ö x y
will be 375. Find their present ages. (1), (2) AB = BA. =ç =I x + 2y – z = 5 – = 1+ 1
è 0 1ø÷ 2 6
Solution: Hence the commutative property Satisfied x – y + z = –2 (+)
Let the present age of the girl and her sister be A2 + B2 = I. Hence the proof. 6x - 2 y
19. Solve: 2x2 – x – 1 = 0. =2
2x, x. 2x + y = 3 ..... (4) 12
Solution: æ cosq sinq ö
(x + 5) (2x + 5) = 375 21. If A = ç prove that AAT = I. Subtracting (2) and (3) 2 (3 x - y )
2x2 – x – 1 = 0 è -sinq cosq ø÷ =2
2x2 + 10x + 5x + 25 – 375 = 0 x – y + z = –2 12
Dividing 2 make co-efficient of x2 as 1. Solution:
2x2 + 15x – 350 = 0 –5x – 4y + z = –11 (–) 3x - y
x æ cos q sin q ö
(x – 10) (2x + 35 ) = 0 x2 – = 1 A= ç 6
=2
2 2 è - sin q cos q ÷ø 6x + 3y = 9
3x – y = 12 …..(1)
35 Dividing by 3 2x + y = 3 ..... (5)
x = 10, x = – (x can’t be Negative) x æ 1 ö
2
1 æ 1ö
2
æ cos q - sin q ö
2 x2 – + ç ÷ =
+ç ÷ AT = ç Considering
2 è 4ø 2 è 4ø Subtracting (4) and (5),
The present ages are 20, 10 years old. è sin q cos q ø÷
x z
–1 = +2
2 7
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

89 90 91
x z 6p + 9p – 4r = 3 Substituting y = 2 in (5), (1) + (2) –2x + 4z = – 6 ..... (4) Vani’s Present Age = 24 years x+2
– = 1+2 15p – 4r = 3 ------(4) –14 + 7z = 7 (4) + (3) × 2 2x – 4z = 6 Father’s Present Age = 51years
2 7 x2 – x + 1 x3 + x2 – x + 2
Substituting (2) in (3) we get 7z = 7 + 14 = 21 Grand father’s Age = 84 years x3 – x2 + x (–)
7x - 2z 0 =0
=3 15p – 3(3p) + 60r = 32 z =3
14 10. Discuss the nature of solutions of the 2x2 – 2x + 2
15p – 9p + 60r = 32 Substituting y = 2 and z = 3 in (1), Here we arrive at an identity 0 = 0.
7x – 2z = 42…..(2) following system of equation 2x2 – 2x + 2
6p + 60r = 32 (÷3) 3x + 2 + 6 = 5 Hence the system has an infinite number of
y z solution. (ii) 2y +z = 3(−x +1); −x + 3y −z = −4; 0
+ = 13 3p + 30r = 16 ------(5) 3x + 8 = 5 1 Here we get zero remainder.
3 2 9. Vani, her father and her grand father have 3x+2y+z = –
Solve (4) and (5) 3x = –3 2 Therefore, GCD (2x3 –5x2 + 5x – 3,
2 y + 3z an average age of 53. One-half of her grand
= 13 15p – 4r = 3 x = –1 Solution: x3 + x2 – x + 2) = x2 – x + 1
6 father’s age plus one-third of her father’s
(5) × 5 15p +150r = 80 (–) Therefore, x = –1, y = 2, z = 3. 2y + z = 3(–x + 1)
2y+3z = 78 …..(3) age plus one fourth of Vani’s age is 65. Four 12. Find the GCD of 6x3 − 30x2 + 60x − 48 and
7. Solve the following system of linear equations years ago if Vani’s grandfather was four 2y + z = –3x+3 3x3 − 12x2 + 21x − 18.
Eliminating z from (2) and (3)
– 154r = – 77 in three variables SEP-21 times as old as Vani then how old are they all 3x + 2y + z = –3 ……(1) Solution:
et

et
(2) × 3 21x – 6z = 126 1
we get, r = x + y + z = 5 ; 2x − y + z = 9 ; x − 2y + 3z = 16 now? –x + 3y – z = –4 ……(2)
(3) × 2 4y + 6z = 156 (+) f(x) = 6x3 – 30x2 + 60x – 48
2 Solution: Solution: 1
1 3x + 2y + z = – = 6(x3 – 5x2 + 10x – 8)
Substituting r = in (4) we get,
i.N

i.N

i.N
x+y+z=5 ..... (1) Let the present age of Vani, her father, grand 2
21x + 4y = 282 2 and g(x) = 3x3– 12x2 + 21x – 18
1 2x – y + z = 9 ..... (2) father be x, y, z respectively. 6x + 4y + 2z = – 1 ……(3)
(1) × 4 12x – 4y = 48 (+) 15p – 2 = 3 p = = 3(x3 – 4x2 + 7x – 6)
3 x – 2y + 3z = 16 ..... (3) By data given, (1) + (2) 3x + 2y + z = –3
Now, we shall find the GCD of
From (2), q = 3p, we get q = 1 (1) – (3) 3y – 2z = –11 ..... (4) x+ y+ z –x + 3y – z = –4
= 53 x3 – 5x2 + 10x – 8 and x3 –4x2 + 7x – 6
la

la
33x = 330 x = 10 1 3
1 1 (2) 2x – y + z = 9
Substituting x = 10 in (1), 30 – y = 12 we get, Therefore, x = = 3 , y = = 1, z = = 2. x + y + z = 159 ..... (1) 2x + 5y = –7 ……(4) 1
p q r (1) × 2 2x +2y + 2z = 10 (–)
y = 18 x3 – 5x2 + 10x x3 – 4x2 + 7x – 6
sa

sa
i.e., x = 3, y = 1, z = 2. 1 1 1 From (1) & (3)
Substituting x = 10 in (2), 70 – 2z = 42 then –3y – z = –1 ..... (5) z + y + x = 65 – 8 x3 – 5x2 +10x – 8 (–)
2 3 4 (1) × 2 6x + 4y + 2z = – 6
z = 14 6. The sum of thrice the first number, second (4) + (5) x2 – 3x + 2
6 z + 4 y + 3x (3) × 1 6x + 4y + 2z = –1 (–)
number and twice the third number is 5. If 3y – 2z = –11 = 65
x = 10, y = 18, z = 14.
da

da
thrice the second number is subtracted from 12 x–2
1 1 1 1 –3y – z = –1(+) 3x + 4y + 6z = 780 ..... (2) 0 ≠ –5
1 1 the sum of first number and thrice the third x2 – 3x + 2 x3 – 5x2 + 10x – 8
5. Solve : + – = ; = ;
2x 4y 3z 4 x 3y we get 2. If the third number is subtracted –3z = – 12 (z – 4) = 4(x – 4) Here, we arrive at a contradiction as 0 ≠ –7. x3 – 3x2 + 2x
1 1 4 2 from the sum of twice the first, thrice the z =4 4x – z = 12 ..... (3) This means that the system is inconsistent and
Pa

Pa
– + =2 –2x2 + 8x – 8
x 5y z 15 second, we get 1. Find the numbers. Substitute z = 4 in (5) From (1) & (2) has no solution.
–2x2 + 6x – 4 (–)
Solution: (1)×4 4x + 4y + 4z = 636 11. Find the GCD of the polynomials
Solution: –3y – 4 = –1 2x – 4
Let the three numbers be x, y, z. –3y = 3 (2) 3x + 4y + 6z = 780 x3 + x2 − x + 2 and 2x3 − 5x2 + 5x − 3.
1 1 1 = 2(x – 2)
Let = p, = q, = r
w.

w.
From the given data we get the following equations y = –1 Solution:
x y z x–1
3x + y + 2z = 5…….( 1) Substitute y = –1, z = 4 in (1) (subtracting) x – 2z = – 144 ..... (4) Let f(x) = 2x3– 5x2 + 5x – 3 and
The given equations are written as x – 2 x2 – 3x + 2
x – 3y + 3z = 2…….( 2) x–1+4 = 5 From (3) & (4) g(x) = x3 + x2 – x +2
p q r 1 x2 – 2x (–)
ww

ww
+ - = 2x + 3y – z = 1…….( 3) x+3 = 5 (3)×2 8x – 2z = 24 2
2 4 3 4 –x + 2
(1) × 1 3x + y + 2z = 5 x =2 (4) x – 2z = –144 x3 + x2 – x + 2 2x3 –5x2 + 5x – 3
6 p + 3q - 4r 1 (2) × 3 3x –9y + 9z = 6 (–) –x + 2 (–)
= Therefore, x = 2, y = –1, z = 4 2x3 + 2x2 – 2x + 4 (–)
12 4 (subtracting) 7x = 168 ..... (5) 0
8. Discuss the nature of solutions of the –7x2 + 7x – 7
6p + 3q – 4r = 3 ------(1) 10y –7z = –1 …….( 4) 168 Here, we get zero as remainder, GCD of leading
following system of equation x = = 24 = –7(x2 – x + 1)
q (1) × 2 6x + 2y + 4z = 10 7
coefficients 3 and 6 is 3.
p= x + 2y − z = 6; −3x −2y + 5z = −12; Substitute x = 24 in(3) –7(x – x + 1) ≠ 0,
2
3 (3) × 3 6x + 9y – 3z = 3 (–) Thus, GCD [(6x3 – 30x2 + 60x – 48,
3p = q ------(2) x − 2z = 3 4(24) – z = 12 note that – 7 is not a divisor of g(x).
3x3 –12x2 + 21x – 18)] = 3(x – 2)
Solution: 96 – z = 12 Now dividing g(x) = x3 + x2 – x + 2 by the
q 2 32 –7y + 7z = 7 …….( 5) 13. Find the GCD of the given polynomials
p– + 4r = 2 = x + 2y – z = 6 ..... (1) z = 84 new remainder x2 – x + 1 (leaving the constant
5 15 15 Adding (4) and (5) factor), we get (i) x4 + 3x3 − x − 3, x3 + x2 − 5x + 3 SEP-20
–3x – 2y + 5z = –12 ..... (2) (1) 24 + y + 84 = 159
15p – 3q + 60r = 32 ------(3) 10y – 7z = –1 (ii) x4 – 1, x3 − 11x2 + x − 11
x – 2z = 3 ..... (3) y = 51
Substituting (2) in (1) we get –7y + 7z = 7 (iii) 3x4 + 6x3 − 12x2 − 24x, 4x4 + 14x3 + 8x2 − 8x
6p + 3(3p) – 4r = 3 (iv) 3x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 3, 6x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 12
3y = 6 y=2
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

92 93 94
Solution:
x2 + 4x + 4 x3 + 2x2 –4x – 8 ii) f(x) = x3 + y3 = (x + y) (x2 – xy + y2) 1 1 20. Iniya bought 50 kg of fruits consisting of ( x - 9)( x - 2)
i. f(x) = x4 + 3x3 + x – 3 and g(x) = x4 + x2y2 + y4 = = apples and bananas. She paid twice as much =
x3 + 4x2 +4x (–) A+ B 2x + 1 2x - 1
+ per kg for the apple as she did for the banana.
( x - 1)( x - 2)( x - 3)( x - 5)
g(x) = x3+x2 – 5x + 3 – 2x2 – 8x – 8 = ( x2 – xy + y2) (x2 + xy + y2) 2x - 1 2x + 1 x-9
LCM = (x3 + y3) (x2 + xy + y2) If Iniya bought ₹1800 worth of apples and =
x +2 – 2x2 – 8x – 8 (–) 1 ( x - 1)( x - 3)( x - 5)
= ₹600 worth bananas, then how many kgs of
x3 + x2 –5x x4 + 3x3 + 0 – x – 3 0 = (x + y) (x2 – xy + y2) (x2 + xy + y2) (2 x + 1)2 + (2 x - 1)2 each fruit did she buy? 22. Find the square root of the following
+ 3 x4 + x3 –5x2 + 3x GCD of ( f(x), g(x)) = x(x2 + 4x + 4) GCD = f ( x) ´ g ( x) (2 x + 1)(2 x - 1) Solution: expressions
2x3 + 5x2 –4x –3 LCM (2 x + 1)(2 x - 1) Let x be the number of kgs of apples; (i) 16x2 + 9y2 − 24xy + 24x − 18y + 9
iv. f(x) = 3x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 3 ( x + y )(x 2 - xy + y 2 )(x 2 - xy + y 2 )(x 2 + xy + y 2 ) =
2x3 + 2x2 – 10x +6 (–) y be the number of kgs of bananas (ii) (6x2 + x − 1) (3x2 + 2x − 1) (2x2 + 3x + 1)
= 3(x3 + x2 + x + 1) =
( x + y )(x 2 - xy + y 2 )(x 2 + xy + y 2 ) (2 x + 1)2 + (2 x - 1)2
3x2 +6x – 9
= 3(x2 + 2x – 3)
g(x) = 6x3 +12x2 + 6x + 12
GCD = x2 – xy + y2 [2 x ]2 - 12
Let 1kg of banana = `z (iii) éë 15 x + 3 + 10 x + 2 ùû éë 5 x + 2 5 + 1 x + 2 ùû éë 3 x +
2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( 2+2 3 )
=
x–1
= 6(x3 + 2x2 + x + 2)
b 2 + 3b - 28 2 4x2 + 1 + 4x + 4x2 + 1 - 4x
1kg of Apple = `2z
Given x+y = 50––––(1)
é 15 x 2 + 3 + 10
ë ( )
x + 2 ù é 5 x 2 + 2 5 + 1 x + 2ù é 3 x 2 + 2 + 2 3 x + 2 2 ù
ûë ûë û ( ) ( )
GCD of(3, 6) = 3 ÷ b - 49
x2 + 2x – 3 x3 + x2 –5x + 3
15. Simplify:
b 2 + 4b + 4 b 2 - 5b - 14
2
= 4 x2 - 1 =
4x - 1 2
é 15
x × (2z)
ë = 1800 ( )
x 2 + 3 + 10 x + 2 ù é 5 x 2 + 2 5 + ( )
1 x + 2ù é 3 x 2 + 2 + 2 3 x + 2 2 ù ( )

et
1 ûë ûë û
x3 + 2x2 –3x (–) Solution: 8x + 2 2 (4 x 2 + 1) 1800
x3 + x2 + x + 1 x3 + 2x2 + x + 2 900 Solution:
– x2 – 2x + 3 x= =
x3 + x2 + x + 1 (–) b 2 + 3b - 28 b 2 - 49 x 1 2z z i) 16x2 + 9y2 – 24xy + 24x – 18y + 9

i.N

i.N
– x2 – 2x + 3 (–) ÷ 2 18. If A = ,B= 600
x2 + 0x + 1 b 2 + 4b + 4 b - 5b - 14 x +1 x +1 y×z = 600; y = = (4 x) + (-3 y ) + 3 + 2 (4 x)(-3 y ) + 2 (-3 y )(3) + 2 (4 x)(3)
2 2 2
0 z
GCD of ( f(x), g(x)) = x2 + 2x – 3 x+1 =
(b - 4)(b + 7)
×
(b - 7)(b + 2) ( A + B)2 + ( A - B)2 = (
2 x2 + 1 ) Substitute x and y in eqn (1)
(b + 2)(b + 2) (b + 7)(b - 7)
prove that
x ( x + 1)
2 (4 x - 3 y + 3)2 = |4x – 3y + 3|
x2 + 0x + 1 x3 + x2 + x + 1 A¸ B x+y = 50

la
ii. f(x) = x4 – 1 and g(x) = x3–11x2+x – 11 b-4 Solution:
x +11
x3 + 0x2 + x (–) =
b+2 Given A =
x
,B=
1 900
+
600
= 50 ii) (6 x2 + x - 1)(3x2 + 2 x - 1)(2 x2 + 3x + 1)
x2 + 0x + 1 x +1 x +1 z z
= (3x - 1)(2 x + 1)(3x - 1)( x + 1)(2 x + 1)( x + 1)

sa
x3– x4 + 0x3 + 0x2 – 0x –1 x2 + 0x + 1 a 2 + 3a - 4 a 2 + 2a - 8 1500
11x2+x–11 x4 – 11x3 + x2 –11x (–)
0
16. If x =
3a 2 - 3
and y =
2a 2 - 2a - 4 ( A + B)2 + ( A - B)2 =
(
2 A2 + B 2 ) z
= 50 = |(3x–1) (2x+1) (x+1)|
11x3 – x2 + 11x – 1 find the value of x2y–2. A¸ B A¸ B 1500 = 50z
GCD of ( f(x), g(x)) = 3(x2 + 1) 2 iii) First let us factorize the polynomials
x 1
da

da
11x3–121x2 +11x – 121(– Solution: x2 + 1
A +B = + = 1500
( )
2 2
14. Find the GCD of each pair of the following z = = 30 15 x 2 + 3 + 10 x + 2 =
)
polynomials
a 2 + 3a - 4 (a + 4)(a - 1) = (a + 4) ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2 50
x= =
120x2 + 120 3a 2 - 3 3(a + 1)(a - 1) 3(a + 1) x x +1 z = 30 15 x 2 + 3x + 10 x + 2
(i) 12(x4 – x3), 8(x4 −3x3 + 2x2) whose LCM is A÷B= × =x
= 120(x2 + 1) ( a + 4) 2
900 600 ( ) ( )
Pa

Pa
x +1 1 x= = 30 y = = 20 = 3x 5 x + 1 + 2 5 x + 1
24x 3(x – 1)(x – 2) x2 =
x –11
(ii) (x3 + y3), (x4 + x2y2 + y4) whose LCM is (x3
9 (a + 1)
2
(
2 A2 + B 2 )æ x2 + 1 ö æ 1 ö
= (2) ç
30
x = 30 and y = 20
30
= 5 x + 1 ´ 3x + 2 ( ) ( )
x2 – 0x +1 x3 –11x2 + x – 11 2÷ ç ÷
+ y3)(x2 + xy + y2) a 2 + 2a - 8 (a + 4)(a - 2) = (a + 4) A¸ B è ( x + 1) ø è x ø
x3 + 0x2 + x (–) y=
2a 2 - 2a - 4
=
2 (a + 1)(a - 2) 2 (a + 1)
( )
Hence Iniya bought 30 kgs of apples and 20 kg 2
5x + 2 5 + 1 x + 2 =( ) 5x2 + 2 5x + x + 2
w.

w.
Solution: 2 x2 + 1 of bananas
–11x2 + 0x – 11
–11x2 + 0x – 11 (–)
i) f(x) = 12(x4 – x3) = 22 × 3 × (x3) × (x –1)
y2 =
(a + 4)2
y–2 =
4 (a + 1)
2 =
x ( x + 1)
2
21. Simplify: = 5 x ( x + 2) + 1( x + 2) = ( )
5 x + 1 ( x + 2)
4 (a + 1) ( a + 4) ( )
2
g(x) = 8(x4 – 3x3 + 2x2) = 23 × (x2) × 2
1 1
– 2 1
2
0 19. Pari needs 4 hours to complete a work. His + 2 3x + 2+2 3 x+2 2 =
ww

ww
(x2 – 3x + 2) x2 - 5 x + 6 x - 3x + 2 x - 8 x + 15
GCD of (f(x), g(x)) = x2 + 1
= 23 × (x2) × (x – 2) (x – 1) x2y–2 =
(a + 4)2 .
4 (a + 1)
2

=
4 friend Yuvan needs 6 hours to complete the 2
3x + 2 x + 2 3x + 2 2
9 (a + 1) (a + 4)2 same work. How long will it take to complete Solution:
( ) ( 3x + 2 )
2
iii. f(x) = 3x4 + 6x3 – 12x2 – 24x LCM = 24 x3(x – 1)(x – 2) 9
if they work together? 1 1 1 = x 3x + 2 + 2
= 3x(x3 + 2x2 – 4x – 8) f ( x) ´ g ( x) 2x + 1 2x - 1 + 2 – 2
17. If A = ,B= = ( x + 2) ( 3 x + 2 )
LCM = Solution: x2 - 5x + 6 x - 3x + 2 x - 8 x + 15
g(x) = 4x4 + 14x3 + 8x2 – 8x GCD 2x - 1 2x + 1
1 From the given, 1 1 1
= 2x(2x3 +7x2 + 4x – 4) 2B 1 = + – Therefore,
GCD = f ( x) ´ g ( x) find
A- B
– 2
A - B2
Pari Work done by in 1 hour = ( x - 2)( x - 3) ( x - 2)( x - 1) ( x - 5)( x - 3)
G.C.D of (3x, 2x) is x
2x + 3
LCM
( ) ( )
22 ´ 3 ´ x 2 ´ ( x - 1) ´ 23 ´ x 2 ´ ( x - 2)( x - 1) Solution:
Yuvan Work done by in 1 hour =
4 1
6 ( x - 1)( x - 5) + ( x - 3)( x - 5) - ( x - 1)( x - 2)
é 15 x 2 +
ë ( ûë )
3 + 10 x + 2 ù é 5 x 2 + 2 5 + 1 x + 2 ù é 3x 2 +
ûë ( ) ( )
2 + 2 3 x + 2 2ù
û
= Pari and Yuvan Work done by in 1 hour =
1 2B ( x - 1)( x - 2)( x - 3é)( x - 52)
x3 +2x2 – 4x 2x3 + 7x2 + 4x – 4 24 x 3 ( x - 1)( x - 2)
A- B
– 2
A - B2 1 1 10 ë
15 x + ( 3+ ) û ë
(
10 x + 2 ù é 5 x 2 + 2 5 + 1 x + 2 ù é 3x 2 +
ûë ) ( )
2 + 2 3 x + 2 2ù
û
– 8 2x3 + 4x2 – 8x – 16 (–) = 22 × (x2) × (x – 1) = + =
4 6 24 =
(x 2
) ( ) (
- 6 x + 5 + x 2 - 8 x + 15 - x 2 )
- 3x + 2
3x2 +12x + 12 GCD = 4x2 (x–1) =
1
–
2B
A - B ( A + B )( A - B )
They work together, take time to complete ( x - 1)( x - 2)( x - 3)( x - 5) = ( 5x + 1 )( 3x + 2 )( )
5 x + 1 ( x + 2) ( )
3 x + 2 ( x + 2)
= 3(x2 + 4x + 4) x 2 - 11x + 18
x –2 A + B - 2B ( A - B) the work =
24
10
hours =
( x - 1)( x - 2)( x - 3)( x - 5)
= ( 5x + 1 )( 3 x + 2 ( x + 2) )
= =
( A + B)( A - B) ( A + B)( A - B) = 2 hours 24 minutes
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

95 96 97
23. Solve x2 + 2x − 2 = 0 by formula method x2 – 9 = 0 Solution: a [a3+b3+c3 – 3abc] = 0
Therefore, x =
5
x=– 5 the original speed T1 = 90
Solution: gives (x–3) (x+3) = 0 x Given (a – b)x + (b – c)x + (c – a) = 0.
2
a = 0 or a3+b3+c3 – 3abc = 0
3
Compare x2 +2x – 2 = 0 with the standard form Then, x = ± 3 (Rejecting – 3 as age cannot be Time taken to cover the same distance in The roots are real and equal that is ∆ = 0. a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
26. Solve pqx2 −(p +q)2x +(p +q)2 = 0 |May 22|
ax2 + bx +c = 0 negative). 90 To prove that, b, a, c are in A.P 34. If the difference between the roots of the
Solution: the increased speed T2 =
a = 1, b = 2, c = –2 Kumaran’s present age is 3 years. x + 15 2a = b + c. equation x2 − 13x + k = 0 is 17 find k.
Compare the coefficients of pqx2 – (p+q)2 x + 1
Substituting the values of a, b and c in the 28. A passenger train takes 1 hr more than an Given that T1 – T2 = Here, A = a – b, B = b – c, C = c – a Solution:
(p+q)2 = 0 with the standard form ax2+bx +c= 0
fomula we get, express train to travel a distance of 240 km 2 b2 – 4ac = 0 x2 – 13x + k = 0,
a = pq, b = – (p + q)2, c = (p + q)2 90 90 1
2 from Chennai to Virudhachalam. The speed – = (b–c)2 – 4(a–b)(c–a) = 0 Here a = 1, b = –13, c = k
x = -b ± b - 4ac substituting the values of a, b and c in the
of passenger train is less than that of an x x + 15 2
2a formula we get, b2 + c2 – 2bc – 4(ac–a2 – bc + ab) = 0 Let α. β be the roots of the equation, Then
express train by 20 km per hour. Find the æ1 1 ö 1 b2 + c2–2bc–4ac+4a2 + 4bc–4ab = 0
(2)2 - 4(1)(-2) -2 ± 4 + 8 90 ç -
è x x + 15 ÷ø
= b - (-13)
x = -2 ± = 2
x = -b ± b - 4ac
average speed of both the trains. 2 (–2a)2+b2 + c2 –4ab + 2bc – 4ac = 0 α+β=– = = 13 ..... (1)
2 a 1
2(1) 2a Solution: æ x + 15 - x ö 1
90 ç (–2a+b+c) = 0
÷ = 2 Also α – β = 17 ..... (2)
( ) (- ( p + q) ) - 4 pq ( p + q) Let the average speed of passenger train be x
et

et
= -2 ± 12 =
-2 ± 2 3
= –1 ± 3 - - ( p + q) ±
2 2 2 2
è x ( x + 15) ø –2a+b+c = 0 2a = b+c.
2 = km/hr. (1) + (2) we get, 2α = 30 gives α = 15.
2 æ 15 ö 1 Hence the proof.
2 pq Then the average speed of express train will be 90 ç 2 = Therefore, 15 + β = 13
Therefore, x = –1+ 3 , x = –1– 3 è x + 15 x ÷ø
i.N

i.N

i.N
2 32. If a, b are real then show that the roots
( p + q)2 ± ( p + q)4 - 4 pq ( p + q)2 (x + 20) km/hr. (from (1)) gives β = –2
24. Solve 2x2 − 3x − 3 = 0 by formula method. = x2 + 15x = 2700 of the equation (a −b)x2 −6(a +b)x −
Time taken by the passenger train to cover c k
Solution: 2 pq x2 + 15x – 2700 = 0 9(a − b) = 0 are real and unequal. But αβ = = ,
240 a 1
Compare 2x2 – 3x – 3 = 0 with the standard distance of 240 km = hr (x + 60) (x − 45) = 0 Solution:
( p + q)2 ± ( p + q)2 éë( p + q)2 - 4 pq ùû x 15 × (–2) = k we get, k = –30
la

la
form ax2 + bx + c 0 = Time taken by the express train to cover x = −60 is not admissible, So x = 45 Given (a – b)x2 – 6(a + b)x – 9(a – b) = 0 and a,
2 pq b are real. 35. If α and β are the roots of x2 + 7x + 10 = 0 find
a = 2, b = –3, c = –3 240 The original Speed is 45 km /hr.
distance of 240 km = hr the values of
sa

sa
substituting the values of a, b and c in the ( p + q)2 ± ( p + q)2 éë p 2 + q 2 + 2 pq - 4 pq ùû x + 20 30. There is a square field whose side is 10 m. A ∆ = b2 – 4ac. A = a – b, B = –6(a + b),
i) α – β ii) α2 + β2 iii) α3 – β3
formula we get, = 240 240 C = –9(a – b)
square flower bed is prepared in its centre a b
vi) a + b
2 2
2 pq Given, = +1 iv) α4 + β4 v) +
2
x x + 20 leaving a gravel path all round the flower ∆ =[–6(a+b)]2 – 4(a–b)(–9(a–b)]
x = -b ± b - 4ac ( p + q)2 ± ( p + q)2 ( p - q)2 b a b a
da

da
2a = 240 240 bed. The total cost of laying the flower bed = 36(a2+2ab+b2)+36(a2–2ab+b2) Solution:
2 pq – = 1 and gravelling the path at ₹3 and ₹4 per
x x + 20 = 36 (a2+2ab+ b2+ a2–2ab + b2) x2 + 7x + 10 = 0
- (-3) ± (-3)2 - 4 (2)(-3) 3 ± 9 + 24 square metre respectively is ₹364. Find the
x= = ( p + q)2 ± ( p + q)( p - q) é1 1 ù =36 (2a2+ 2b2) = 72(a2+b2) Here, a = 1, b = 7, c = 10
2 ( 2) 4 = 240 ê - = 1 width of the gravel path.
ë x x + 20 úû a and b2 are always positive integers.
2
2 pq If α and β are the roots of the equation then
Pa

Pa
3 ± 33 Solution:
= ( p + q) ëé( p + q) ± ( p - q)ùû é x + 20 - x ù ∆ > 0. b - (+7)
4 = 240 ê Let the length of side of flower bed is 'x' α+β=– = = –7
3 + 33 2 pq ú = 1 Hence, the roots are real and unequal. a 1
ë x ( x + 20) û
3 33
Therefore , x = ,x= The Area of flower bed = A1 = x2 c 10
4 ( p + q)[ p + q + p - q ] , ( p + q)[ p + q - p + q ] 4800 = (x2+20x) Cost of laying the flower bed = 3x2
33. If the roots of the equation αβ = = = 10
w.

w.
= (c2 − ab)x2 − 2(a2 − bc)x + b2 − ac = 0 are a 1
25. Solve 3p2 +2 5 p −5 = 0 by formula method. 2 pq 2 pq x2 + 20x – 4800 = 0 The length of the square land = 10m real and equal prove that either a = 0 (or)
Solution:
( p + q)[2 p ] ( p + q)[2q ] (x + 80) (x – 60) = 0 Area of the square land = 100m a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
i) (α – β) = (a + b )2 - 4ab
Compare 3p2 + 2 5 p – 5 = 0 with the standard = ,
x = –80 or 60
ww

ww
2 pq 2 pq Area of the gravel path = 100 – x2
form ax2 +bx +c = 0 Solution: = (-7)2 - 4 ´ 10 = 9 =3
p+q p+q Therefore x = 60 (Rejecting -80 as speed cannot The cost of laying the gravel path (c – ab)x – 2(a – bc)x + b – ac = 0
2 2 2 2
a = 3, b = 2 5 , c = –5 x= , be negative)
q p = 4(100 – x2) = 400 – 4x2 A = c2 – ab, B = – 2(a2 – bc), C = b2 – ac ii) α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 – 2αβ
substituting the values of a, b and c in the Average speed of the passenger train is
27. The product of Kumaran’s age (in years) The total cost = 3x2 + 400 – 4x2 = 364 ∆=0 = (–7)2 – 2 × 10 = 29
formula we get,
two years ago and his age four years from 60 km/hr. 400 – 364 = x2 iii) α3 – β3 = (α – β)3 + 3αβ(α–β)
2 B2 – 4AC = 0.
x = -b ± b - 4ac now is one more than twice his present age. Average speed of the express train is 80 km/hr. x2 = 36 The roots are real and equal. = (3)3 + 3(10)(3) = 117
2a What is his present age? 29. A bus covers a distance of 90 km at a uniform x =6 [–2(a2 – bc)]2 – 4[c2 – ab] [b2 – ac] = 0 iv) α4 + β4 = (α2 + β2)2 – 2α2β2
(2 5 ) - 4(3)(-5) Solution:
2
-2 5 ± speed. Had the speed been 15 km/hour more Hence the width of the gravel path 4(a2 – bc)2 – 4(c2 – ab) (b2 – ac) = 0
Let the present age of Kumaran be x years. (From (ii), α2 + β2 = 29)
x= it would have taken 30 minutes less for the 10 - x 10 - 6
2 (3) 4[a4+ b2c2 – 2a2bc] Thus, 292 – 2 × (10)2 = 641
Two years ago, his age is (x – 2) years. journey. Find the original speed of the bus. = = = 2m
2 2 – 4 [b2c2 – ac3 – ab3 + a2bc] = 0
= -2 5 ± 20 + 60 =
-2 5 ± 80 Four years from now, his age = (x + 4) years Solution: 31. If the roots of (a − b)x2+(b −c)x+(c−a)=0 are
4[a4+ b2c2 –2a2bc – b2c2 v)
a b
+ =
a2 + b2
=
(a + b ) - 2ab 2

6 6 Given Let x be the original speed. real and equal, then prove that b, a, c are in b a ab ab
arithmetic progression. +ac3 + ab3 – a2bc] = 0
-2 5 ± 4 5 - 5±2 5 (x–2) (x+4) = 1 + 2x From the given data Time taken to cover the 49 - 20 29
= = a4 + ab3 + ac3 – 3a2bc = 0 = =
6 6 x2 + 2x – 8 = 1 + 2x distance in 10 10
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

98 99 100
a2 b2 a3 + b3 37. Solve the following system of linear equations 2x – 3y = – 20 ……(1) The required equation is, x2 – (Sum of the = 36 + 8 41. If one root of the equation 2y2 − ay + 64 = 0
vi) + = in three variables 3y roots)x + (Product of the roots) = 0 = 44 is twice the other then find the values of a.
b a ab + 10 = 2z + 5
1 2 1 1 2 x2 – (–1)x – 2 = 0 x2 + x – 2 = 0 Product of the roots Solution:
(a + b ) - 3ab (a + b )
3 (i) – + 4 = 0; – + 1 = 0;
= x y y z 3y+20 = 4z+10 α2β2 = (αβ)2 = (–4)2 = 16 2y2 – ay + 64 = 0
ii) α2 β, β2α
ab 2 3 3y – 4z = –10 ……(2) Here, a = 2, b = –a, c = 64
+ = 14 Sum of the roots = α2β + β2α = αβ (α+β) x2 – (Sum of the roots)x + (Product of the roots)
(-343) - 3(10 ´ (-7)) -343 + 210 z x 2z+5 = 110 – (y+z) 1 æ 1ö 1 =0 α+β= ..... (1)
= = 3y =– ç ÷ =–
10 10 (ii) x + 20= = 2z + 5 = 110 – (y + z) 2z + 5 = 110 – y – z x2 – 44x + 16 = 0
2 è 2ø 4
-133 2 y + 3z = 105 ……(3) 64
= Solution: Product of the roots = (α2β) × (β2α) = (αβ)3 2 2 αβ = = 32 ..... (2)
ii) and 2
10 From (2)& (3) a b
1 3

36. If α, β are the roots of the equation i) – 2 + 4=0…….(1) (3) × 3 3y + 9z = 315
æ 1ö
= ç- ÷ = –
1 2 2 2a + 2b Now, α = 2β
x y è 2ø 8 Sum of the roots = + =
3x2 + 7x − 2 = 0, find the values of (2) × 1 3y – 4z = –10 (–) a b ab (2) αβ = 32 2β2 = 32
1 The required equation is, x2 – (Sum of the roots)x
ii) a + b – 1 + 1=0………(2) 2 (a + b )
2 2
i) a + b 2 (-6) -12 β2 = 16 β = ±4
b a y z + (Product of the roots) = 0 = = = =3 Substitute β = 4 in eqn (2)

et
b a 13z = 325 ab -4 -4
2 3 æ 1ö 1 2 4 4α = 32 then, α = 8,
Solution: + = 14……….(3) z = 25 x2 – ç - ÷ x – = 0 8x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 Product of the roots = 2 × =
z x è 4ø 8 b ab Substitute β = –4 in eqn (2)
3x2 + 7x – 2 = 0 Substitute z = 25 in (5) a

i.N

i.N
1 1
Here, a = 3, b = 7, c = –2 Let a = , b = , c = 1 y + 3(25) = 105 iii) 2α + β, 2β + α 4 –4α = 32 then, α = –8,
x y z = = –1 a
Since α, β are the roots of the equation y + 75 = 105 Sum of the roots = 2α + β + 2β + α -4 (1) 4+8=
(1) a – 2b = –4 …….(4) x – (Sum of the roots)x + (Product of the roots)
2 2
b -7 y = 30 æ 1ö 3
i) α+β =– = (2) b – c = –1 …….(5) = 3(α+β) = 3 ç ÷ = =0 a

la
a 3 Substitute y = 30 in (1) è 2ø 2 12 =
c -2 (3) 3a + 2c = 14 …….(6) Product of the roots x2 – 3x – 1 = 0 2
αβ = = From (4) & (5) 2x – 3(30) = – 20 = (2α+β) × (2β+α) = 4αβ + 2α + 2β + αβ
2 2
a = 24
a 3 iii) α2β and β2α

sa
(4) × 1 a – 2b = –4 2x – 90 = – 20 = 5αβ + 2(α2+β2) = 5αβ + 2[(α+β)2–2αβ] a = 24 and a = –24
a b
+ =
a +b
2 2
=
(a + b )2 - 2ab 2x = 70 x = 35 Sum of the roots = α2β + β2α
b a (5) × 2 2b – 2c = –2 (+) 1 é1 1ù 42. If one root of the equation 3x2 + kx + 81 = 0
ab ab
x = 35, y = 30, z = 25. = 5 æç - ö÷ + 2 ê - 2 ´ - ú = αβ(α+β) = (–4)(–6) = 24
2 è 2ø ë4 2û Product of the roots = (α2β) (β2α) = α3β3 (having real roots) is the square of the other
æ -7 ö æ -2 ö 49 4 49 + 12
da

da
- 2ç ÷ + a – 2c = –6 …….(7) 38. If α, β are the roots of the equation then find k.
èç 3 ø÷ è 3ø 9 5 é1 ù = (αβ)3 = (–4)3 = –64
= = 9 3 = From (6) & (7) 2x2 − x − 1 = 0 , then form the equation =– + ê + 1ú Solution:
-2 -2 -2 1 2 ë4 û x2 –(Sum of the roots)x + (Product of the roots)
(6) × 1 3a + 2c = 14 whose roots are (i) 1 , (ii) α2 β, β2 α Given 3x2 + kx + 81 = 0
3 3 3 a b 5 1 =0
Pa

Pa
(7) × 3 3a – 6c = –18 (–) (iii) 2α + β, 2β + α =– + +2=0 Here a = 3, b = k, c = 81
61 3 -61 2 2 x2 – 24x – 64 = 0
= ´ = k
9 -2 6 Solution: The required equation is , x2 – (Sum of the 40. If α, β are the roots of 7x + ax + 2 = 0 and if
2 α+β=– ..... (1)
8c = 32 3
2x2 − x −1 = 0 roots)x + (Product of the roots) = 0 -13
a2 b2 a3 + b3 β–α= . Find the values of a. MAY-22 αβ = 27 ..... (2)
ii) + = c =4 Here, a = 2 , b = −1 , c = −1 3 7
w.

w.
b a ab x2 – x + 0 = 0 Solution: But α = β 2
Substitute c = 4 in (5) b - (-1) 1 2 -a
α+β=– = = From equation (2)
=
(a + b )3 - 3ab (a + b ) b–4+1 =0 a 2 2 2x2 – 3x = 0 7x2 + ax + 2 = 0 α + β=
7
..... (1)
c 2 -13 β3 = 27
ab b–3 =0 1 αβ = ; β – α =
ww

ww
αβ = = – 39. The roots of the equation x2 + 6x − 4 = 0 β = 3
æ -7 ö
3
æ -2 ö æ -7 ö b =3 a 2 7 7
- 3ç ÷ ç ÷ are α, β. Find the quadratic equation whose 13 α=9
èç 3 ø÷ è 3 øè 3 ø Substitute b = 3 and c = 4 in(4) i) Given roots are ,
1 1
2 2 α–β= ..... (2) k k
= roots are (i) α2 and β2 (ii) and 7 (1) 9+3 = – 12 = –
-2 a – 2b + 4 = 0 a b b (α – β) = (α+ β) – 4αβ 3 3
a 2 2

3 a – 2(3) + 4 = 0 1 1 a +b (iii) α2β and β2α k = –36

Sum of the roots = + = 2
æ - a ö
2
2
æ ö
-343 42 -343 - 126 a–6+4 =0 a b ab Solution: æç 13 ö÷ = ç ÷ – 4 ç ÷ æ 7 0ö
- è 7ø è 7ø è 7ø 43. Find X and Y if X + Y = ç and
27 a–2 =0 1 i)α2 and β2 ÷
= 27 9 = è 3 5ø
-2 -2 x2 + 6x – 4 = 0 169 a2 8 æ 3 0ö
a =2 = 2 = –1 = – X−Y= ç
3 3 1 1
But if a = 2, x = , if b = 3, y = , -
1 a = 1, b = 6, c = –4 49 49 7 è 0 4ø÷
217 3 2 3 2 6 -4 169 a 2 - 56 Solution:
= ´ α + β = – = – 6, αβ = = –4 =
27 -2 1 1 1 1 1 1 49 49 æ7 0ö
if c = 3, z = Product of the roots = × =
4 b ab Sum of the roots X+Y= ç ..... (1) and
=–
469
3y
a a2 – 56 = 169 è3 5÷ø
18 ii) x+20 = + 10 1 α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 – 2αβ a2 = 225
2 = = –2 æ3 0ö
1 = (–6)2 – 2(–4) X–Y= ç ..... (2)
2x+40 = 3y+20 - a = ±15 è0 4ø÷
2
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

101 102 103
10 0ö æ -2x ö æ 5ö (ii) (A−B)C = AC −BC æ8 + 0 0 + 0 ö
2X = æ 46. Solve for x, y æ x ö + 2 ç
æ8 0 ö
2
(1) + (2)
èç 3 9ø÷
Solution: èç y 2 ø÷
=
è - y ÷ø çè 8ø÷ (iii) (A−B)T = AT −BT
= ç
è 2 + 5 0 + 10ø÷
=ç
è 7 10ø÷ 4 Geometry
æ5 0ö Solution:
æ x 2 ö + 2 æ -2xö = æ 5ö æ 4 4ö æ 8 0 ö
X= ç3 9 ÷ æ1 2ö æ 4 0ö æ 2 0ö AC – BC = ç –
ç ÷ çè y 2 ÷ø çè - y ÷ø çè 8÷ø A= ç ,B= ç ,C= ç è 5 6ø÷ çè 7 10ø÷ 2 Marks STAGE The corresponding sides are not proportional.
è2 2ø è1 3ø÷ è 1 5ø÷ è 1 2ø÷ 2 Therefore ∆ABC is not similar to ∆PQR
5 0ö æ2 0ö æ -4 4 ö 1. Show that ΔPST ~ ΔPQR
æ 7 0ö æ æ x 2 + (-4 x)ö æ 5ö i) A(BC) = (AB) C =ç -----(2)
(1) Y= –ç ÷ = ç3 1÷ ç 2 ÷ = ç 8÷ è -2 -4ø÷ 3. Observe Figures and find P.
èç 3 5ø÷ ç 3 9 ÷
Solution:
ç ÷ è y + (-2 y )ø è ø æ 4 0ö æ 2 0ö æ 8 0 ö
è 2 2ø è2 2ø BC = ç ×ç = (1), (2) (A – B) C = AC – BC
x2 – 4x – 5 = 0 ..... (1) è 1 5ø÷ è 1 2ø÷ çè 7 10÷ø
æ 4ö -2 4
44. Find x and y if x ç ÷ + y æ ö = æ ö y2 – 2y – 8 = 0 ..... (2) æ1 2ö æ8 0 ö iii) (A – B)T = AT – BT
è -3ø èç 3 ø÷ çè 6ø÷ A(BC) = ç ×
Solution: (1) (x–5) (x+1) = 0 ( By Factorization) è1 3ø÷ èç 7 10ø÷ A–B= æ
-3 2 ö
æ 4ö èç 0 -2ø÷ (i) In ∆PST and ∆PQR ,
æ 4ö æ -2ö x = 5, x = –1 æ 8 + 14 0 + 20ö
x ç ÷ + y ç ÷ = ç ÷ =ç
et

et
PS 2 2
è -3ø è 3ø è 6ø (2) (y–4) (y + 2) = 0 ( By Factorization) è 8 + 21 0 + 30ø÷ æ -3 0 ö
(A – B)T = ç = = , Solution:
æ 4x ö æ -2 y ö æ 4ö y = 4, y = –2 æ 22 20ö è 2 -2ø÷ PQ 2 +1 3
+ç =ç ÷ =ç -----(1) In ∆BAC and ∆ PRQ,
èç -3xø÷ è 3 y ø÷ è 29 30ø÷
i.N

i.N

i.N
è 6ø æ 1 -1ö æ 1 1ö T æ 4 1ö PT 4 2 AB 3 1 BC 6 1
æ1 2 ö AT = ç B =ç = = = = , = =
æ 4 x - 2 y ö æ 4ö 47. If A = (1 −1 2), B = ç 2 1 ÷ and C = ç æ1 2ö æ 4 0ö è 2 3÷ø è 0 5÷ø PR 4+2 3 RQ 6 2 QP 12 2
= ç ÷ è 2 -1ø÷ AB = ç ×ç PT
èç -3x + 3 yø÷ çè 6ø÷ è1 3 ø è1 3÷ø è 1 5ø÷ æ -3 0 ö Thus, PS = and CA 3 3 1
show that(AB)C = A(BC). AT – BT = ç PQ PR = =
æ 4 + 2 0 + 10ö æ 6 10ö è 2 -2÷ø
la

la
4x – 2y = 4 2x – y = 2 ..... (1) PR 6 3 2
Solution: =ç = P is common
–3x + 3y = 6 –x + y = 2 ..... (2) è 4 + 3 0 + 15ø÷ çè 7 15ø÷ (1), (2) (A – B)T = AT – BT Therefore,
AB
=
BC
= CA
æ 1 -1ö Therefore, by SAS similarity,
(1) + (2) x = 4, æ 6 10ö æ 2 0ö RQ QP PR
sa

sa
AB = (1 –1 2) ç 2 1 ÷ (AB) C = ç ×ç a bö æ 1 0ö ∆PST ~ ∆PQR
(2) –4 + y = 2 ç ÷ è 7 15ø÷ è 1 2ø÷ 49. If A = æç and I = ç By SSS similarity,
y=6
è1 3 ø è c d ÷ø è 0 1ø÷ we have ∆BAC ~ ∆QRP
12 + 10 0 + 20ö
= (1–2+2 –1–1+6) =æ show that A2 – (a+d)A = (bc – ad) I2 P= C (Since the corresponding parts of
èç 14 + 15 0 + 30ø÷
da

da
45. Find the non-zero values of x satisfying the
matrix equation = (1 4) Solution: similar triangle)
æ 22 20ö
æ1 2 ö =ç -----(2) æ a bö æ 1 0ö P = C=180° – ( A + B)
æ 2 x 2ö æ 8 5 xö æ x 2 + 8 24 ö (AB) C = (1 4) ç è 29 30ø÷ A= ç I= ç (ii) In ∆PST and ∆PQR
xç + 2ç
è 4 4 x ÷ø
=ç è 2 -1÷ø è c d ø÷ è 0 1ø÷ = 180°–(90° + 60°)
è 3 x ÷ø è 10 6 x ÷ø
Pa

Pa
(1), (2) A(BC) = (AB) C PS 2 2 PT 2 2 P = 180°–150° = 30°
Solution: = (1+8 2–4) æ a bö æ a bö = = , = =
A2 = ç ×
æ 2 x 2ö æ 8 5 xö æ x 2 + 8 24ö = (9 –2) ii) (A – B) C = AC – BC è c d ø÷ èç c d ø÷ PQ 2+3 5 PR 2+3 5 4. A
boy of height 90cm is walking away from
xç + 2ç = 2ç PT the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.2m/sec.
è 3 xø÷ è 4 4 xø÷ è 10 6 xø÷ æ 1 -1ö
æ -3 2 ö
(A – B) = ç =ç
æ a 2 + bc ab + bd ö Thus, PS = and If the lamppost is 3.6m above the ground,
è 0 -2ø÷
w.

w.
æ1 2 ö è ac + cd bc + d 2 ø÷ PQ PR
æ 2x 2
2 xö æ16 10 xö æ 2 x + 16 48 ö
2 BC = ç 2 1 ÷ ç find the length of his shadow cast after 4
+ç ç ÷ è 2 -1÷ø æ -3 2 ö æ 2 0ö P is common.
÷ =2 ç A – (a + d) A
2
èç 3 x x 2 ø÷ è 8 8 x ø è 20 12 xø÷ è1 3 ø (A – B) C = ç ×ç ÷
seconds.
è 0 -2÷ø è 1 2ø æ a 2 + bc ab + bd ö æ a bö
Therefore, by SAS similarity
æ 1 - 2 2 + 1ö æ -1 3 ö
ww

ww
æ 2 x 2 + 16 12 x ö = ç – (a+d) ç ∆PST ~ ∆ PQR
æ 2 x 2 + 16 48 ö
= ç 2 + 2 4 - 1÷ = ç 4 3 ÷ æ -6 + 2 0 + 4ö è ac + cd bc + d 2 ÷ø è c d ÷ø
çè 3x + 8 x 2 + 8 x÷ø = 2 ç =ç
è 20 12 xø÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ è 0 - 2 0 - 4ø÷ æ a 2 + bc ab + bd ö 2. Is ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR?
è 1 + 6 2 - 3ø è 7 -1ø = ç
12x = 48 x = 4 æ -4 4 ö è ac + cd bc + d ø 2÷ Solution:
æ -1 3 ö =ç -----(1)
3x+8 = 20 3x = 12 x = 4 è -2 -4ø÷ æ a + ad ab + bd ö
2
x2+8x = 12x A(BC) = (1 –1 2) ç 4 3 ÷ –ç
ç ÷ æ1 2ö æ 2 0ö è ac + cd ad + d 2 ø÷ Solution:
x2–4x = 0 è 7 -1ø AC = ç ×ç
è1 3÷ø è 1 2÷ø æ bc - ad 0 ö Speed = 1. 2 m/s
x(x–4) = 0, = ( –1–4+14 3–3–2) = ç
æ 2 + 2 0 + 4ö æ 4 4ö è 0 bc - ad ø÷ Time = 4 seconds
x = 0, x = 4 = (9 –2) =ç =ç In ∆ABC and ∆ PQR Distance = Speed × Time
x=4 è 2 + 3 0 + 6ø÷ è 5 6ø÷ = (bc–ad) ç
æ 1 0ö
= (bc–ad)I
LHS = RHS = 1.2 × 4 = 4.8 m = BD
è 0 1ø÷ PQ 3 QR 4 2
æ 4 0ö æ 4 0ö æ 2 0ö = = 1, = = Let x be the length of the shadow after 4 seconds
æ 2 0ö BC = ç ×ç AB 6 2 BC 10 5
48. Let A = , B = ç
è 1 5÷ø
,C= ç è 1 5ø÷ è 1 2ø÷ *** BE AB
è 1 2÷ø 1 2 PQ QR Since, ∆ABE ~ ∆CDE, =
Since ≠ , ≠ DE CD
Show that (i) A(BC) = (AB)C 2 5 AB BC

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

104 105 106
4.8 + x 3.6 Solution: Therefore the length Solution: Solution: CL = CM = AC – AM
gives = =4 he ratio of the corresponding sides of similar
T of the ladder is approximately 8.1 ft. = 9 – 3 = 6 cm
x 0.9
4.8+x = 4x gives 3x = 4.8, so, x = 1.6 m. triangles is same as the ratio of their perimeters. 10. In the Figure, DE || AC and DC || AP. BC = BL + CL
The length of his shadow DE = 1.6m Since, ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR = 4+6
BE BC
AB BC AC 36 Prove that = = 10 cm
5. In Figure A = CED prove that = = = EC CP
ΔCAB ~ ΔCED. Also find the value of x. PQ QR PR 24 17. I f radii of two concentric circles are 4cm and
Solution: AB 36 AB 36 5cm then find the length of the chord of one
= gives = P Given OP = 5 cm, radius r = 3 cm circle which is a tangent to the other circle.
PQ 24 10 24
While Going through Street C, To find the length of tangent PT. Solution:
36 ´ 10
AB = =15 cm. In right angled Triangle OTP OA = 4 cm,
24 SJ = (1.5)2 + (2)2
OP2 = OT2 + PT2 OB = 5 cm,
8. I n ΔABC, if DE || BC, AD = x, DB = x − 2, AE Solution:
= 2.25 + 4 = 6.25 (By Phythagorous Theorem) also OA BC
= x +2 and EC = x − 1 then find the lengths In ∆ BPA, DC || AP, By Basic Proportionality

et
In Figure ∆CAB and ∆CED, C is common, Theorem = 2.5 miles 52 = 32 + PT2 OB2 = OA2 + AB2
of the sides AB and AC.
A= CED BC BD If one chooses A street and B street he has to go PT2 = 25 – 9 = 16 52 = 42 + AB2
Solution: we get, = -------(1)
Therefore, ∆CAB ~ ∆CED (BY AA similarity)

i.N

i.N
CP DA SP + PJ = 1.5 + 2 = 3.5 miles Length of the tangent PT = 4 cm. AB2 = 25 – 16 = 9
CA AB CB Required Shorter Distance along Therefore AB = 3 cm, BC = 2AB
Hence, = = In ∆ BCA, DE || AC, By Basic Proportionality 15. I n Figure, O is the centre of a circle. PQ is
CE DE CD hence, BC = 2 × 3 = 6 cm
Theorem C street = 3.5 – 2.5 = 1 mile a chord and the tangent PR at P makes an
AB CB 9 10 + 2 BE BD 18. CEVA’S Theorem
= gives, = angle of 50° with PQ. Find POQ.

la
DE we get, = -------(2) 13. T
o get from point A to point B you must avoid
CD x 8 EC DA
walking through a pond. You must walk 34
8´9 BE BC
So, x = = 6 cm. In ∆ABC we have DE || BC m south and 41 m east. To the nearest meter,

sa
12 From (1) and (2) = . Hence Proved
AD AE EC CP how many meters would be saved if it were
6. In Figure, QA and PB are perpendiculars to By Thales theorem, we have =
DB EC possible to make a way through the pond?
AB. If AO = 10 cm, BO= 6 cm and PB= 9 cm. x x+2 11. A
man goes 18 m due east and then 24 m
= gives x(x–1) = (x–2) (x+2) Solution: C
da

da
Find AQ. x-2 x -1 due north. Find the distance of his current
nd Statement:

41m
Solution: Hence, x2–x= x2–4, So x = 4. position from the starting point? Po Solution:
When x = 4 ,AD = 4, DB = x–2 = 2, Solution: OPQ = 90° – 50° = 40° Let ABC be a triangle and let D, E, F be points
C
on lines BC, CA, AB respectively.
Pa

Pa
AE = x+2 = 6, EC = x–1 = 3 (Angle between the radius and tangent is 90°)
A 34m B

24m
Hence, AB = AD + DB = 4 + 2 = 6 Then the cevians AD, BE, CF are concurrent
To make a Straight way through the pond OP = OQ (Radii of a circle are equal)
AC = AE + EC = 6 + 3 = 9 BD CE AF
OPQ = OQP = 40° (∆OPQ ) is isosceles if and only if × × =1
Therefore AB = 6, AC = 9. AC2 = AB2 + BC2 DC EA FB
A 18m B
w.

w.
= (34)2 + (41)2 POQ = 180° – OPQ – OQP where the lengths are directed.
In ∆AOQ and ∆BOP, OAQ = OBP= 90°
9. W
hat length of ladder is needed to reach a POQ = 180° – 40° – 40° = 100°
AOQ = BOP (Vertically opposite angles) In ∆ABC, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = 1156 + 1681 = 2837 This also works for the reciprocal of each of the
height of 7 ft along the wall when the base of ratios as the reciprocal of 1 is 1.
Therefore, by AA criterion of similarity, AC2 = (18)2 + (24)2 = 324 + 576 AC2 = 2837 AB = 2837 = 53.26 m 16. I n Figure, ΔABC is circumscribing a circle.
ww

ww
the ladder is 4 ft from the wall? Round off
∆AOQ ~ ∆BOP AC2 = 900 Through C one must walk Find the length of BC. 19. MENELAUS Theorem (Without Proof)
your answer to the next tenth place.
AO OQ AQ AC = 900
= = Solution: AC = AB + BC
BO OP BP AC = 30 m
Let x be the length of the ladder. = 34 + 41 = 75 m
10 AQ 10 ´ 9 The distance from the starting point is 30 m
= gives AQ = =15 cm BC = 4 ft. walking through a pond one must comes only
6 9 6
12. T
here are two paths that one can choose to 53.2m.
7. The perimeters of two similar triangles ABC AC = 7 ft.
go from Sarah’s house to James house. One The difference is (75 – 53.26) m = 21.74 m
and PQR are respectively 36 cm and 24 cm. By Pythagoras Theorem we have,
If PQ = 10 cm, find AB. way is to take C street, and the other way To the nearest, one can save 21.74 m
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
requires to take B street and then A street. 14. F
ind the length of the tangent drawn from
x2 = 72 + 42 gives x2 = 49 + 16 Solution:
How much shorter is the direct path along C a point whose distance from the centre of a Statement:
x2 = 65 AN = AM = 3 cm
street? (Using figure). circle is 5 cm and radius of the circle is 3 cm. A necessary and sufficient condition for points
Hence x = 65 (Tangents drawn from same external point are P, Q, R on the respective sides BC, CA, AB
= 8.1 equal)
BN = BL = 4 cm
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

107 108 109
(or their extension) of a triangle ABC to be Solution: P FA = 5 cm, Solution: = 1002 × 549= 1002 ×9×61
ab
collinear is that l = h æç a + b ö÷ . Therefore, h =
S CD = 10 cm è ab ø a+b AB = 100 ×3× 61
BP AR O
CQ By Ceva’s Theorem , Hence, the height of the intersection of the lines
× × = –1 where all segments in = 300 61 km
PC QA RB A BF CD AE joining the top of teach pole to the foot of the
the formula are directed segments.
65° B × × =1 5. 5
m long ladder is placed leaning towards
FA DB EC ab
opposite pole is metres. a vertical wall such that it reaches the wall
x 10 3 a+b
20. T
he length of the tangent to a circle from a T × × =1 at a point 4m high. If the foot of the ladder
point P, which is 25 cm away from the centre 5 3 4 2. A
n insect 8 m away initially from the foot of
From the figure x Since ∆AQC is a right triangle at C, is moved 1.6 m towards the wall, then find
is 24 cm. What is the radius of the circle? =1 a lamp post which is 6 m tall, crawls towards the distance by which the top of the ladder
OBT = 90° ( OB radius, BT tangent) 2 AQ2 = AC2 + QC2 ------ (1)
Solution: P it moving through a distance. If its distance would slide upwards on the wall.
OBA = 90°– 65° = 25° x = 2 cm Also ∆BPC is a right triangle,
25cm from the top of the lamp post is equal to the Solution: E
and OAB = 25° Hence, the required is 2 cm. BP2 = BC2 + CP2 ------(2)
O cm distance it has moved, how far is the insect
24
( OA = OB, then OBA = OAB) From (1) and (2) 5m x
away from the foot of the lamp post? C
AQ2 + BP2 = AC2 + QC2 + BC2 + CP2
et

et
T
AOB = 180° – ( OAB + OBA) Solution:
5 Marks STAGE 2 4(AQ2 + BP2)
From the figure, r = = 180° –50° 5m
OP 2 - AP 2 = 4AC2 + 4QC2 + 4BC2 + 4CP2 4m
1. T
wo poles of height ‘a’ metres and ‘b’ metres
i.N

i.N

i.N
AOB = 130°
= 2
25 - 24 2
are ‘p’ metres apart. Prove that the height of = 4AC2 + (2QC)2 + 4BC2 + (2CP)2
23. I n two concentric circles, a chord of length the point of intersection of the lines joining = 4AC2 + BC2 + 4BC2 + AC2 A 1.6 D B
= 625 - 576 16 cm of larger circle becomes a tangent to the top of each pole to the foot of the opposite (Since P and Q are mid points)
= 49 the smaller circle whose radius is 6 cm. Find pole is given by ab metres. Length of the Ladder, AC = 5 cm,
la

la
= 5(AC2 + BC2)

la
the radius of the larger circle. Solution:
a+b Height of Wall, BC = 4cm, AD = 1.6 cm,
r = 7cm 4(AQ2+BP2) = 5AB2 (By Pythagoras Theorem)
Solution: Let EC = X
21. P
Q is a tangent drawn from a point P to a 4. A
n Aeroplane after take off from an airport
sa

sa
circle with centre O and QOR is a diameter and flies due north at a speed of 1000 km/hr. From ∆ABC, By Pythagorous theorem
O
of the circle such that POR = 120°. Find At the same time, another aeroplane take off AB = AC 2 - BC 2
OPQ. 6 from the same airport and flies due west at
da

da
Solution: A S T S B a speed of 1200 km/hr. How far apart will be = 25 - 16 = 9
R P AB = 16 cm and OC = 6 cm
Distance between the insect and the foot of the the two planes after 1½ hours? MAY-22 AB = 3 m
120°
O But OC AB and C is divided two equal parts CL = x and LA = y. Then, x + y = p lamp post BD = 8 m. From the figure we have,
Pa

Pa
( by circles theorem) In ∆ABC and ∆LOC, we have The height of the lamp post, AB = 6 m. AB = AD + BD
Q then, AC = CB = 8cm CAB = CLO (each equal to 90°) After moving a distance of xm, let the insect be 3 = 1.6 + BD
To find OB.(OB is radius of larger circle) C = C (C – Common) at C. BD = 1.4 m
From the given, we have the figure.
By Pythagoras, ∆CAB ~ ∆CLO (by AA similarity) Let, AC = CD = x. In ∆DBE, By Pythagorous theorem
w.

w.
ROQ = 180°
OB = OC 2 + BC 2 CA AB p a Then BC = BD – CD = 8 – x (BE)2 = (DE)2 – (BD)2
Given, ROP = 120° = gives = Solution:
CL LO x h In ∆ABC, B = 90° (4 + x)2 = 52 – (1.4)2
POQ = 60° = 6 2 + 82 Let the first aeroplane starts from O and goes
ww

ww
ph AC2 = AB2 + BC2 gives x2 = 62 + (8 – x)2 upto A towards north. (4 + x)2 = 23.04
( ROQ = ROP + POQ) So, x = ------ (1)
= 36 + 64 a x2 = 36 + 64 – 16x + x2
POQ + OQP + QPO = 180° (Distance = Speed x Time) 4+x = 23.04
OB = 10 cm In ∆ALO and ∆ACD, we have 16x = 100, x = 6.25
(From triangle property) æ 3ö
24. A
n artist has created a triangular stained ALO = ACD (each equal to 90°) Then BC = 8 – x Where, OA = ç1000 ´ ÷ km = 1500 km = 4.8
then, 60° + 90° + QPO = 180° è 2ø
glass window and has one strip of small A = A (A – Common) = 8 – 6.25 = 1.75 m x = 0.8
( OQP = 90° from tangents property) length left before completing the window. Let the Second aeroplane starts from O at the
∆ALO ~ ∆ACD (By AA Similarity) Therefore, the insect is 1.75 m away from the The distance by which top of the slide moves
150° + QPO = 180° She needs to figure out the length of left out same time and goes upto B towards west.
AL OL y h foot of the lamp post. upwards is 0.8m.
portion based on the lengths of the other = gives = æ 3ö
QPO = 30°. AC DC p b Where, OB = ç1200 ´ ÷ km = 1800 km 6. T
he perpendicular PS on the base QR of a
sides as shown in the figure. 3. P
and Q are the mid-points of the sides CA è 2ø
Hence OPQ = 30° ph and CB respectively of a ΔABC , right angled ΔPQR intersects QR at S, such that QS = 3
Solution: We get y= ------ (2) The required distance to be found is BA.
22. A
tangent ST to a circle touches it at B. AB is b at C. Prove that 4(AQ2 + BP2) = 5AB2. SR. Prove that 2PQ2 = 2PR2 +QR2
From the figure, ph ph In right angled triangle AOB,
a chord such that ABT = 65° . Find AOB, (1) + (2) gives, x + y = + AB2 = OA2 + OB2
AE = 3 cm, a b
where “O” is the centre of the circle. BF = x, æ 1 1ö AB2 = (1500)2 + (1800)2
p = ph ç + ÷ (Since x+y = p)
è a bø = 1002 (152 + 182)
BD = 3 cm, EC = 4 cm,

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

110 111 112
Solution: P AE2 = AB2 + (2k)2 x + 8 = 15 In ∆COA, OF is the bisector of COA
we get y = 16
AB2 = AE2 – 4k2 ..... (2) 3 x =7 OC CF
= ..... (3)
In ∆ABD, by Pythagoras From (2) TP2 = TR2 + PR2 x + y + z = 15 OA FA
2
AD2 = AB2 + BD2 16 10 + y = 15 (1)×(2)×(3)
TP2 = æç ö÷ + 42
Q S R AB2 = AD2 – k2 ..... (3) è 3ø y =5 OA OB OC AD BE CF
Solution: × × = × ×
In ∆PQR, QR PS (1), (2) 256 400 Hence AD = 7 cm, BE = 5 cm, CF = 3 cm OB OC OA DB EC FA
= + 16 = By Meanlau’s theorem,
Given QS = 3SR AC2 – AE2 = 5k2 ( (1)=(2)) ..... (4) 9 9 12. S
how that the angle bisectors of a triangle AD BE CF
the trees P, Q, R will be collinear (lie on same × × =1
To prove: 2PQ2 = 2PR2 + QR2 (2), (3) AE2 – AD2 = 3k2 ..... (5) 20 are concurrent. DB EC FA
So TP = cm straight line)
QR = QS + SR (4) × 3 – (5) × 5 3 Solution: C But if AE, BF and CD are the bisectors of A,
BP CQ AR
= 3SR + SR 3AC2 – 3AE2 = 15k2 9. Suppose AB, AC and BC have lengths 13, 14 if × × = 1 ....(1) B and C, then
PC QA RB
QR = 4SR 5AE2 – 5AD2 = 15k2 AF 2 AB BE BC CF CA AD
and 15 respectively. If = and Given BP = 2m, CQ = 3 m, RA = 10m, E
= , = , =
1 5 F EC AB FA CB DB

et
SR = QR FB O AC
CE 5 PC = 6m, QA = 5m, RB = 2m.
4 3AC2 – 8AE2 + 5AD2 = 0 = . Find BD and DC. Hence from the above 3 equations, we get
In ∆ PQS , PQ2 = PS2 + QS2 ------ (1) EA 8 Substituting these values in (1), we get
8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 CQ AR 60 BE CF AD

i.N

i.N
In ∆ PRS, PR2 = PS2 + SR2 ------ (2) Solution: BP 2 3 10 A D B × ×
× × = × × = =1 EC FA DB
Hence the proof. PC QA RB 5 5 2 60 Let O be any point inside a triangle ABC.
(1) – (2) PQ2 – PR2 = QS2 – SR2 BC
ence the trees, P, Q, R lie on a same straight
H AB CA
= (3.SR)2 – SR2 8. P
Q is a chord of length 8 cm to a circle The bisector of CD, AE and BF meet the sides = × × = 1 (from (4) )
of radius 5 cm. The tangents at P and Q line. AC AB CB
= 9SR2 – SR2 AB, BC, CA at point D, E and F respectively.

la
intersect at a point T. Find the length of the Hence, O is point of concurrence of the angle
= 8 SR2 11. A
circle is inscribed in ΔABC having sides In ∆AOB, OD is the bisector of AOB
tangent TP. 8 cm, 10 cm and 12 cm as shown in figure, bisectors.
æ1 ö
2
Given AB = 13, AC = 14 and BC = 15. OA AD

sa
= 8 ç QR÷ Solution: Find AD, BE and CF. =
è4 ø Let BD = x and DC = y OB DB ***.
Using Ceva’s theorem, we have Solution:
1 (by angle bisector theorem) ..... (1)
= 8 ç QR 2 ö÷
æ
BD CE AF
è 16 ø × × = 1 ----(1) In ∆BOC, OE is the bisector of BOC
da

da
DC EA FB OB BE
QR 2 AF CE
PQ – PR =
2 2
Substitute the values of and in (1), = ..... (2)
2 FB OC EC
EA
2PQ2 – 2PR2 = QR2
Pa

Pa
BD 5 2
2PQ2 = 2PR2 + QR2 we have × × =1
Let TR = y DC 8 5
Hence Proved.
Since, OT is perpendicular bisector of PQ. x 10 x 1
× =1 × = 1. By result for tangents from external point
7. I n the adjacent figure, ABC is a right angled y 40 y 4
PR = QR = 4 cm
w.

w.
triangle with right angle at B and points D, E AD = AF = x, DB = BE = y, EC = CF = z
Hence, x = 4y ----(2)
trisect BC. Prove that 8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 In ∆ORP OP2 = OR2 + PR2 From the figure
BC = BD + DC = 15. So, x + y = 15 ----(3)
Solution: OR2 = 52 + 42 x + y = AB = 12 ..... (1)
From (2), using x = 4y in (3) we get
ww

ww
= 25 – 16 = 9 y + z = BC = 8 ..... (2)
4y+y=15 5y = 15 then y = 3
OR = 3 cm Substitute y = 3 in (3) we get, x = 12. z + x = CA = 10 ..... (3)
OT = OR + RT = 3 + y ..... (1) Hence BD = 12, DC = 3. (1) + (2) + (3)
In ∆PRT, TP2 = TR2 + PR2 ..... (2) AB + BC + AC = 30
10. I n a garden containing several trees, three
and ∆OPT we have, particular trees P, Q, R are located in the x+y+y+z+z+x = 30
D, E trisect BC.
OT2 = TP2 + OP2 following way, BP = 2 m, CQ = 3 m, RA = 10 2(x + y + z) = 30
Let BD = DE = EC = k, BC = 3k, BE = 2k
OT2 = (TR2 + PR2) + OP2 m, PC = 6 m, QA = 5 m, RB = 2 m, where A, x + y + z = 15 .... (4)
In ∆ABC, by Pythagoras B, C are points such that P lies on BC, Q lies
(Substiture for TP2 from (2)) AB = AD + BD = 12
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 on AC and R lies on AB. Check whether the
(3 + y)2 = y2 + 42 + 52 x + y + z = 15
AC2 = AB2 + (3k)2 trees P, Q, R lie on a same straight line.
(Substiture for OT from (1)) 12 + z = 15
AB2 = AC2 – 9k2 ..... (1)
9 + 6y + y2 = y2 + 16 + 25 z =3
In ∆ABE, by Pythagoras
AE2 = AB2 + BE2 6y = 41 – 9 x + y + z = 15

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

113 114 115
6. W hat is the slope of a line perpendicular to 9. The line through the points (–2, a) and (9, 3) ii) Given, θ=45°, y intercept, c = 11

5 Coordinate Geometry the line joining A(5, 1) and P where P is the

mid-point of the segment joining (4, 2) and
has slope –12. Find the value of a.
Solution:
Slope, m = tan θ
m = tan 45°
(–6, 4). The slope of the points (–2, a) and (9, 3) Slope, m = 1
2 Marks STAGE 4. S
how that the points (–2, 5) , (6, –1) and Solution: 1
2 (2, 2) are collinear. is the midpoint of the segment joining (4, 2)
P =– y intercept, C = 11
1. F
ind the slope of a line joining the given 2 Therefore, equation of a straight line is,
points (i) (–6, 1) and (–3, 2) (ii) (14, 10) and Solution: and (–6, 4) y -y
Slope = 2 1 y = mx + C
(14, –6) SEP-20 æx +x y +y ö x2 - x1
P(x, y) = ç 1 2 , 1 2 ÷ y = 1x + 11
è 2 2 ø
Solution: 3- a 3- a 0 = x – y + 11
æ 4 + (-6) 2 + 4 ö = =
i) (–6, 1) and (–3, 2) = ç , 9+2 11 Required equation is x – y + 11 = 0
è 2 2 ÷ø
y2 - y1 2 -1 3- a 1 12. C
alculate the slope and y intercept of the
Slope, m= = A (5, 1) and P (–1, 3) =–
x2 - x1 -3 - (-6) 11 2 straight line 8x −7y + 6 = 0 SEP-21
et

et
y -y Let m be the slope of the required line.
2 -1 Slope of AP = 2 1 6 – 2a = –11 Solution:
= x2 - x1 Since the required line is perpendicular to BC.
-3 + 6 2a = 17 8x – 7y + 6 =0
3 -1 2 -1 m × 1 = –1
i.N

i.N

i.N
1 = = = 17 8x + 6 = 7y
Slope, m = -1 - 5 -6 3 a = m = –1
3 2 8 6 7
Slope of the line perpendicular to AP (÷7) x+ = y The required line also pass through the point
ii) (14, 10) and (14, –6) 7 7 7 A (1, 4)
-1 -1 10. T
he line through the points (–2, 6) and
= = =3 8 6
y -y -6 - 10 -16 -1 - 5 -6 -3 (4, 8) is perpendicular to the line through x+ =y The equation of the required straight line is
la

la
Slope, m = 2 1 = = Slope of AB = = = slop of AP -1 7 7
x2 - x1 14 - 14 0 6+2 8 4 3 the points (8, 12) and (x, 24) . Find the value Comparing y = mx + C y – y1 = m(x – x1)
-16 2 +1 3 -3 of x. 8 y – 4 = –1(x –1)
sa

sa
Slope, m = Slope of BC = = = 7. S
how that the given points are collinear: Solution: Slope, m =
0 2-6 -4 4 (–3, –4) , (7, 2) and (12, 5) 7 y– 4 = –x + 1
The slope is undefined. Slope of line joining (–2, 6), (4, 8) 6 We get, x + y – 5 = 0
Slope of AB = Slope of BC Solution: y intercept, C =
8-6 2 1 7
2. T
he line r passes through the points Therefore, the points A, B, C all lie in a same 2 - (-4) m1 = = = 15. F
ind the equation of a line which passes
da

da
6 3
Slope of AB = = = .....(1) 4+2 6 3 13. Find the equation of a line passing through
(–2, 2) and (5, 8) and the line s passes through straight line. 7 - (-3) 10 5 -5 through (5, 7) and makes intercepts on the
the points (–8, 7) and (–2, 0). Is the line r Hence A, B and C are collinear. Slope of line joining (8, 12) (x, 24) the point (3, –4) and having slope axes equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.
5-2 3 7
perpendicular to s? Slope of BC = = .....(2) 24 - 12 12 Solution: Solution:
5. F
ind the slope of a line joining the points m2 = =
Pa

Pa
Solution: 12 - 7 5 x -8 x -8 (x1, y1) = (3, –4) Let the x intercept be ‘a’ and y intercept be ‘–a’
8-2 6 (i) (5, 5 ) with the origin
The slope of line r is m1 = = 5 - (-4) 9 3 Since two lines are perpendicular
Slope, m=–
5 The equation of the line in intercept form is
5+ 2 7 (ii) (sin θ, –cosθ) and (–sinθ, cosθ) Slope of AC = = = .....(3) m1 × m2 = –1
12 - (-3) 15 5 7

x y
+ =1
0-7 -7 Solution: Equation of the straight line a b
The slope of line r is m2 = = 1 12
w.

w.
-2 + 8 6 i) Given points are (5, 5 ) and (0, 0) From (1), (2), (3) the given points A, B, C × = –1 x y
3 x -8 y – y1 = m(x – x1)
Slope = m are collinear. + = 1 (Here b = –a)
6 -7 4 5 a b
The product of slopes = × = –1 = –1 y –(–4) = – (x –3)
7 6 y -y 0- 5 8. I f the three points (3, –1) , (a, 3) and x -8 7 x – y = a ..... (1)
= 2 1 =
ww

ww
That is, m1 m2 = –1 x2 - x1 0-5 (1, –3) are collinear, find the value of a. 7(y +4) = –5(x –3) Since (1) passes through (5, 7)
x–8 = –4
Therefore, the line r is perpendicular to line s. Solution: Therefore, 5 – 7 = a a = –2
5 1 x =4 7y + 28 = – 5x +15
= = Let the given points A (3, –1), B (a, 3) and Thus the required equation of the straight line
3. T
he line p passes through the points (3, –2), 5 5 11. Find the equation of a straight line whose 5x + 7y + 28 – 15 = 0
C (1, –3) and given A, B and C are collinear. is x – y = –2; or x – y + 2 = 0
(12, 4) and the line q passes through the ii) Given points are 5x + 7y + 13 = 0
points (6, –2) and (12, 2) . Is p parallel to q? Slope of AB = Slope of BC (i) Slope is 5 and y intercept is –9
(sinθ, –cosθ) and (–sinθ, cosθ) 14. F
ind the equation of a line passing through 16. F
ind the intercepts made by the line
MAY-22 3 - (-1) -3 - 3 (ii) Inclination is 45° and y intercept is 11
4x − 9y + 36 = 0 on the coordinate axes.
Slope = m = Solution:
the point A (1, 4) and perpendicular to the
Solution: a-3 1- a
4+2 6 2 y -y line joining points (2, 5) and (4, 7). Solution:
The slope of line p is m1 = = = = 2 1 4 -6 i) Given Slope, m = 5, y intercept, c = –9
12 - 3 9 3 x2 - x1 = Solution: Equation of the given line is 4x – 9y + 36 = 0
a-3 1- a Therefore, equation of a straight line is,
2+2 cos q - (- cos q ) et the given points be A (1, 4), B (2, 5) and
L We write it as 4x – 9 y = –36 (bringing it to the
4 2 = 4 – 4a = – 6a + 18 y = mx + c
The slope of line q is m2 = = = - sin q - sin q C (4, 7) normal form)
12 - 6 6 3 2a = 14 y = 5x – 9 7-5 2 x y
2cos q Slope of line BC = = =1 Dividing by –36 we get, + = 1 ..... (1)
Thus, slope of line p = slope of line q. = = –cotθ a = 7 0 = 5x – y – 9 4-2 2 -9 4
Therefore, line p is parallel to the line q. -2sin q
Required equation is 5x – y – 9 = 0

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

116 117 118
Comparing (1) with intercept form, Slope intercept form : Solution: 24. F
ind the equation of a straight line which 26. F
ind the intercepts made by the following 29. S how that the straight lines 2x + 3y − 8 = 0
we get x intercept a = –9; y = mx + C quation of the straight line ‘Two points Form’
E has slope –5/4 and passing through the point lines on the coordinate axes. SEP-21 and 4x + 6y + 18 = 0 are parallel.
my intercept to b = 4 1 is (–1, 2). MAY-22 (i) 3x − 2y − 6 = 0 (ii) 4x + 3y + 12 = 0 Solution:
y = x + (–3) y - y1 x - x1 Solution: Solution: Slope of the straight line 2x + 3y – 8 = 0
17. F
ind the equation of a straight line passing 3 = -5
y2 - y1 x2 - x1 Given a point (–1, 2) and slope, x y -coefficient of x 2
through the mid-point of a line segment 4 Intercepts form : + = 1 m1 = =–
3 y = x–3 3 a b
joining the points (1, –5) , (4, 2) and parallel The required equation, y – y1 = m(x – x1) coefficient of y 3
to (i) X axis (ii) Y axis æ 2ö æ -1 ö a - x intercepts, b - y intercepts
x – 3 y–3 3 = 0 i) ç 2, ÷ and ç , - 2÷ -5 Slope of the straight line 4x + 6y + 18 = 0
è 3ø è 2 ø i) 3x – 2y – 6 = 0
Solution: y–2 = (x–(–1)) -coefficient of x 2
20. Find the slope and y intercept of The required equation 4 3x 2y m2 = =–
et M be the midpoint of a line segment joining
L 3 x + (1− 3 )y = 3. 4y – 8 = –5x – 5 3x –2y = 6 – =1 coefficient of y 3
2 6 6
the points (1, –5) and (4, 2). Solution: y- 5x+4y –3 = 0 x y Here m1 = m2
3 = x-2 + =1
æ 1 + 4 -5 + 2 ö æ 5 -3 ö Given equation of the straight line is 2 1 2 -3 That is, slopes are equal.
M (x, y) = ç
è 2
, ÷ = çè 2 , 2 ÷ø -2 - - -2 25. F
ind the equation of a line whose intercepts
2 ø 3 x + (1 – 3 )y = 3 3 2 on the x and y axes are given below. a = 2, b = –3 Hence, the two straight lines are parallel.

et
i)
Equation parallel to Y – axis is y = b. 3y - 2 3 how that the straight lines x − 2y + 3 = 0
30. S
(1 – 3 )y = – 3 x + 3 x-2 (i) 4, –6 (ii) –5, ii)
4x + 3y + 12 = 0
æ 5 -3 ö 3 = 4 and 6x + 3y + 8 = 0 are perpendicular.
It passes through the points ç , ÷ æ - 3 ö -8 -5 Solution: 4x + 3y = –12 (÷ –12)
æ 3 ö

i.N

i.N
è2 2 ø Solution:
3
y= ç ÷ x + çè 1 - 3 ÷ø ( y = mx + c) 3 2 i)
x intercept, a = 4, y intercept, b = –6

4x
+
3y
=1
y =– è1- 3ø Slope of the straight line x – 2y + 3 = 0
3y - 2 2x - 4 Equation of the straight line -12 -12
2 = a 1
1
y+
3
=0 Slope, m = –
3
=
- 3
×
1+ 3 -8 -5
x y
+ =1
x
+
y
=1 m1 = – çæ ÷ö = – çæ ÷ö =
2 1- 3 1- 3 1+ 3 a b -3 -4 è bø è -2 ø 2
–15y + 10 = –16x + 32

la
2y + 3 = 0 x y Slope of the straight line 6x + 3y + 8 = 0

3+3
= =
- (
3+ 3 ) 16x – 15y – 22 =0 +
4 -6
=1 a = –3, b = –4
a æ 6ö
ii) Equation parallel to X – axis is x = a. 2 ii) (2, 3) and (–7, –1) 27. F
ind the slope of the straight line m2 = – æç ö÷ = – ç ÷ = –2

sa
-2 x y è bø è 3ø
æ 5 -3 ö - =1 6x + 8y + 7 = 0.
It passes through the points ç , ÷ 3 The required equation 4 6 1
è2 2 ø Intercept, C = Solution: m1 × m2 = × (–2) = –1
5 1- 3 y-3 x-2 6x - 4 y 2
x = = =1 Given 6x + 8y + 7 = 0
2 3
da

da
-1 - 3 -7 - 2 Product of the slopes = –1
5 = × 1+ 3 y-3 x-2
24
-coefficient of x 6 3
(
x– =0 1- 3 1+ 3 = 2 3x - 2 y ) Slope m = =– =– Hence, the two straight lines are perpendicular.
2 -4 -9 =1 coefficient of y 8 4
2x – 5 = 0 3+ 3 24 3 31. Find the slope of the following straight
= –9y + 27 = –4x + 8 Therefore, the slope of the straight line is – .
Pa

Pa
-2 3x - 2 y 4 3
18. T
he equation of a straight line is 2(x−y)+5=0. 4x – 9y + 19 = 0 =1 28. Find the slope of the line which is lines (i) 5y − 3 = 0 (ii) 7x − =0
21. F
ind the value of ‘a’, if the line through 12 17
Find its slope, inclination and intercept on Solution:
(–2, 3) and (8, 5) is perpendicular to 23. A
cat is located at the point (–6, –4) 3x – 2y = 12 (i) parallel to 3x −7y = 11
the Y axis. i) 5y – 3 = 0
y = ax +2 in xy plane. A bottle of milk is kept at 3x – 2y – 12 = 0 (ii) perpendicular to 2x − 3y + 8 = 0
Solution: -coefficient of x
w.

w.
(5, 11). The cat wish to consume the milk 3 Slope, m =
Given equation2(x – y) + 5 = 0 Solution: x intercept, a = –5, y intercept, b = Solution: coefficient of y
travelling through shortest possible distance. 4
2x–2y+5 = 0 Let m1 be the slope of line joining (–2, 3) and i) Given straight line is 3x – 7y =11 0
Find the equation of the path it needs to take ii) Equation of the straight line = =0
2y = 2x+5 (8,5) and its milk. x y gives, 3x – 7y – 11 = 0 5
ww

ww
Let m2 be slope of y = ax + 2 + =1 -3 3 3
5 Solution: a b Slope, m = = ii) 7x – =0
y = x+ 5-3 2 1 x y -7 7 17
2 m1 = = = The required equation of the line joining the + =1
( y = mx+c) 8 - (-2) 10 Since parallel line have same slopes, 3
5 points (–6, –4) and (5, 11) -5 3 7x =
m2 = a 4 slope of any line parallel to 17
Slope, m = 1, tanθ = 1, θ = 45° Two points form: 3
y - y1 x - x1 x 4y 3 0y + 7x +
5 Two lines are perpendicular, its slope are + =1 3x – 7y = 11 is 17
Y – intercept is . = -5 3 7 -coefficient of x
2 m1 m2 = –1 y2 - y1 x2 - x1 Slope , m =
19. F
ind the equation of a line whose inclination 3x - 20 y ii) Given straight line is 2x – 3y + 8 = 0 coefficient of y
1 y - (-4) x - (-6) =1
is 30˚ and making an intercept -3 on the Y × (a) = –1 a = –5 = -15 -2 2 -7
5 11 - (-4) 5 - (-6) Slope, m = = m =
axis. 3x – 20y = –15 -3 3 0
22. Find the equation of a line through the given y+4 x+6
Solution: = 3x – 20y + 15 = 0 Some product of slope is –1 for perpendicular m = ∞ (undefined)
pair of points
Given θ = 30° and C = –3 15 11 lines, slope of any line perpendicular to
2 -1 32. Find the slope of the line which is
1 (i) æç 2, ö÷ æç , - 2ö÷ (ii) (2, 3) and (–7, –1) 11y + 44 = 15x + 90 -1 -3
m = tan30°= è 3ø è 2 ø 2x – 3y + 8 = 0 is = (i) parallel to y = 0.7x − 11
3 15x – 11y + 90 – 44 =0 2 2
15x – 11y + 46 =0 3 (ii) perpendicular to the line x = −11

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

119 120 121
Solution: 5 Marks STAGE Solution: 1 Solution: = 9 + 81 = 90
i)y = 0.7x – 11
2 P = Mid point of AB =
[(44 + 54 + 66.5) – (94.5 + 38 + 44)] i) A(1, –4), B(2, –3) and C(4, –7) LM = (9 – 0)2 + (12 – 5)2
2
1. I f the points P(–1, –4), Q(b, c) and R(5, –1) 2
This line parallel to y = 0.7x – k
are collinear and if 2b + c = 4, then find the æ x1 + x2 y1 + y2 ö 1 -3 - (-4) 1 = (9)2 + (7)2
, ÷ = (11, 7) = [164.5 – 176.5] Slope of AB = = =1
The slope of the required line is 0.7
values of b and c. SEP-21 èç 2 2 ø 2 2 -1 1 = 81 + 49 = 130
1
ii) x = –11 Solution: x1 + x2
=11 x1+ x2 = 22 ..... (1) = [–12] = 6 sq.units -7 - (-3) -4 MN2 + LN2 = 40 + 90
2 Slope of BC = = = –2
x + 0y + 11 = 0 Since the three points P(–1, –4), Q(b, c) and 2 ( Area cannot be –ve) 4-2 2 = 130 = LM2.
(1) line perpendicular to 0x – y + k = 0 y1 + y2 Now,
R(5, –1) are collinear, =7 y1+ y2 = 14 ..... (2) -7 + 4 -3 Hence it is satisfied.
y = 0x + k 2 Area of ∆PQR = 6 sq.units Slope of AC = = = –1
Area of Triangle PQR = 0 Q = Mid point of BC 4 - (+1) 3 6. S
how that the given points form a
The Slope of the required line is 0. Area of ∆ABC = 24 sq.units
-1 -4 (Slope of AB)×( Slope of AC) parallelogram: A(2.5, 3.5), B(10, –4), C(2.5,
æ x2 + x3 y2 + y3 ö Area of ∆ABC = 4 × Area of ∆PQR
1 b c , = (13.5,4) –2.5) and D(–5, 5)
33. I f the straight lines 12y = −(p + 3)x +12,
=0 èç 2 2 ø÷ = 1 × (–1) = –1
12x −7y = 16 are perpendicular then find ‘p’. 2 5 -1
4. P
rove analytically that the line segment ∆ABC is a right angled triangle Solution:
x2 + x3
= 13.5 x2+ x3 = 27 ..... (3) joining the mid-points of two sides of a
et

et
Solution: -1 -4 2 ( AB AC) A (2.5, 3.5) B (10, –4),
1 triangle is parallel to the third side and is
Given equation {(–c – b – 20) – (–4b + 5c + 1)} = 0 y2 + y3 Using Pythagoras theorem, y -y
= 4 y2 + y3 = 8 ..... (4) equal to half of its length. Slope of AB = 2 1
12y = –(p + 3)x + 12 2 2 AB2 + AC2 = BC2 x2 - x1
– c – b – 20 + 4b – 5c – 1 = 0
i.N

i.N

i.N
Solution:
(p + 3)x + 12y + 12 = 0 R = Mid point of AC 7.5
3b – 6c = 21 (÷3) = ( x2 - x1 ) + ( y2 - y1 ) ) = -4 - 3.5 = –
2 2
Let P(a, b), Q(c, d) and R(e, f) be the vertices of ( d = –1
Slope, m =
-coefficient of x
=–
( p + 3) b – 2c = 7 ..... (1) æ x1 + x3 y1 + y3 ö a triangle. 10 - 2.5 7.5
coefficient of y 12 çè 2 , 2 ÷ø = (9.5,4) AB2 = (2 – 1)2 + (–3 + 4)2
Also, 2b + c = 4 ..... (2) Let S be the mid-point of PQ and T be mid- C(2.5, –2.5), D(–5, 5),
= (1)2 + (1)2 =2
la

la
Slope of the line is 12x – 7y = 16 (From given information) x1 + x3 point of PR.
= 9.5 x1 + x3 = 19 ..... (5) AC2 = (4 – 1)2 + (–7 + 4)2 5 - (-2.5)
12 12 Solving (1) and (2) we get b = 3, c = –2 2 Slope of CD =
m = – = æa+c b+dö -5 - 2.5
-7 7 y1 + y3 Therefore, S = ç ÷ and = (3)2 + (–3)2 = 18
sa

sa
2. I f the points A(–3, 9) , B(a, b) and C(4, –5) = 4 y1 + y3 = 8 ..... (6) è 2 2 ø
Two Straight lines are perpendicular to each 2 BC2 = (4 – 2)2 + (–7 + 3)2 5 + 2.5 7.5
are collinear and if a + b = 1, then find a and = = = –1
other (1)+(3)+(5) 2x1 + x2 + x3 = 68 æa+e b+ f ö = (2)2 + (–4)2 -7.5 -7.5
b. T = ç , ÷
m1 × m2 = –1 x1+ x2+ x3 = 34 ..... (7) è 2 2 ø = 4 + 16 = 20 Slope of AB = Slope of CD.
da

da
Solution:
( p + 3) 12 (2)+(4)+(6) 2y1 + y2 + y3 = 30 b+ f b+d AB2 + AC2 = 2 + 18 = 20 = BC2 So AB || CD.
– × = –1 Given A (–3, 9), B(a, b), C(4, –5) are collinear -
12 7 y1 + y2+ y3 = 15 ..... (8) 2 2 = f -d Hence it is satisfied. B (10, –4), C (2.5, –2.5),
and a + b = 1 ..... (1) Now, Slope of ST =
p + 3 =7
Area of the triangle formed by 3 points = 0
(7) – (1) x3 = 12 a+e a+c
- e-c ii) L(0, 5), M(9, 12) and N(3, 11) -2.5 - (-4)
Slope of BC =
Pa

Pa
p =7 – 3 p=4 (7) – (3) x1 = 7 2 2 2.5 - 10
-3 9 12 - 5 7
(7) – (5) x2 = 15 f -d Slope of LM = =
34. F
ind the equation of a straight line passing 9-0 9 -2.5 + 4 1.5 10
1 a b and Slope of QR = = = ´
through the point P(–5, 2) and parallel to the =0 (8) – (2) y3 = 1 e-c -7.5 -7.5 10
2 4 -5 14 - 12 2 1
line joining the points Q(3, –2) and R(–5, 4). (8) – (4) y1 = 7 Therefore, ST is parallel to QR. (Since, their Slope of MN = = =–
w.

w.
3-9 -6 3 15 1
Solution: -3 9 (8) – (6) y2 = 7 slopes are equal) = =–
-75 5
Slope QR parallel to the line joing the points Also, 14 - 5 9
(–3b – 5a + 36) – (9a + 4b + 15) = 0 A(7, 7), B(15, 7) and C(12, 1) Slope of LN = = =3 A (2.5, 3.5), D (–5, 5),
y -y 4+2 6 3 3- 0 3
–5a – 3b + 36 – 9a – 4b – 15 = 0
ww

ww
= 2 1 = = =– x1 y1 7 7 2
æ a + e a + cö æ b + f b + d ö
2
ST = - (Slope of MN) × (Slope of LN) 5 - (3.5)
x2 - x1 -5 - 3 -8 4 – 14a – 7b + 21 = 0 1 x2 y2 1 15 7 èç 2 ÷ +ç - ÷ Slope of AD =
Area ∆ABC = = 2 ø è 2 2 ø -5 - 2.5
3 –14a – 7b = –21 æ ö
m=– 2 x3 y3 2 12 1 =ç × (3) = –1
4 1 è ø÷ 1.5 101.5 10
This is passing through the point (–5, 2)
14a + 7b = 21 (÷7)
x1 y1 7 7 = (e - c) + ( f - d )
2 2
= ´= ´
2 -7.5 10-7.5 10
2a + b = 3 ..... (2) 1 MN LN.
y – y1 = m(x – x1) =
[(49 + 15 + 84) – (105 +84 +7)] 1 15 1
3 Given a + b = 1 ..... (1) 2 = QR ∆ LMN is a right angled triangle. = =–
y – 2 = – (x+5) (1) – (2) a = 2 b = –1 2 -75 5
4 1 1 By Pythagoras theorem,
= [148 – 196] = [–48] = 24 sq.units Thus ST is parallel to QR and half of it. Slope of BC = Slope of AD.
4y – 8 = –3x – 15 3. L
et P(11,7), Q(13.5, 4) and R(9.5, 4) be 2 2 MN2 + LN2 = LM2
( Area cannot be –ve) 5. S
how that the given points form a right So BC || AD .
4y – 8 + 3x + 15 = 0 the midpoints of the sides AB, BC and AC MN2 = (3 – 9)2 + (14 –12)2
respectively of ΔABC. Find the coordinates x1 y1 11 7 angled triangle and check whether they The given points form a parallelogram.
The required equation 3x + 4y + 7 = 0 = (–6)2 + (2)2
of the vertices A, B and C. Hence find the 1 x2 y2 1 13.5 4 satisfies Pythagoras theorem.
Area ∆PQR = = = 36 + 4 = 40
area of ΔABC and compare this with area of 2 x3 y3 2 9.5 4 i) A (1, –4), B (2, –3) and C (4, –7)
ΔPQR. ii) L (0, 5), M (9, 12) and N (3, 14) LN2 = (3 – 0)2 + (14 – 5)2
x1 y1 11 7
= (3)2 + (9)2

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

122 123 124
7. I f the points A(2, 2), B(–2, –3), C(1, –3) and Solution: 10. A
line makes positive intercepts on coordinate y-2 x-6 13. F
ind the equation of a straight line parallel i) Equation of line AB, A(0, 5) and B(4, 1)
D(x, y) form a parallelogram then find the axes whose sum is 7 and it passes through = to Y axis and passing through the point of y - y1 x - x1
G 2 -8 =
value of x and y. (–3, 8). Find its equation. intersection of the lines 4x + 5y = 13 and y2 - y1 x2 - x1
y-2 = x-6
Solution: H Solution: x − 8y + 9 = 0 .
F 1 -4 y-5 x-0
Given points A (2, 2), B(–2, –3) , C (1, –3) If a and b are the intercepts then x – 6 = –4y + 8 Solution: =
E
Given lines 4x + 5y = –13 ----(1) 1- 5 4-0
and D(x, y) are form a parallelogram. a + b = 7 or b = 7 – a x + 4y –14 = 0 4(y – 5) = –4x
x y To find the equation of Altitude through A x – 8y + 9 =0 ----(2)
Then AB || CD and BC || AD By intercept form + = 1 gives y – 5 = –x
The given points are A(–4, –2), B(5, –1), a b B(–5, –1), C(1, 9) To find the point of intersection,
Slope of AD = Slope of BC x y x+y–5 = 0
C(6, 5) and D(–7, 6) be form a quadrilateral E, We have , + =1 y -y 9 +1 solve equation (1) and (2)
y-2 -3 + 3 y-2 a 7-a Slope, BC = 2 1 = ii) The equation of a line which is perpendicular to
= =0 F, G and H are the mid points of AB, BC, CD x2 - x1 x y 1
x-2 1+ 2 x-2 1+ 5 the line AB x + y – 5 = 0 is x – y + k = 0.
and AD respectively . As this line pass through the point (–3, 8), 5 –13 4 5
y–2=0 10 5 Since it is passing through the point (4, 4) we
-4 + 5 -2 - 1ö æ 1 -3 ö we have = = –8 9 1 –8
E = æç , ÷ =ç , ÷ -3 8 6 3 x y 1 have
y = 2 2 ø è2 2 ø

et
è 2 + =1 = =
a 7-a Hence, AD BC, 45 - 104 -13 - 36 -32 - 5 4 – 4 + k = 0 gives, k = 0
Slope of CD = Slope of AB æ 5 + 6 -1 + 5 ö æ 11 ö -3 x y
F= ç , ÷ = çè , 2ø÷ –3(7 – a) + 8a = a(7–a) 1 The equation of a line which is perpendicular to
y - (-3) è 2 2 ø 2 Slope, AD = and A (6, 2) = =
-3 - 2

i.N

i.N
= –21 + 3a + 8a = 7a – a2 5 -59 -49 -37 AB and through C is x – y = 0
x -1 -2 - 2 æ 6 - 7 5 + 6ö æ -1 11ö Equation of Altitude AD is 59 49
G= ç , ÷ = çè , ø÷ So, a2 – 7a + 11a – 21 = 0 x= ,y= iii) T
he coordinate of the point of contact P of
y+3 -5 è 2 2 ø 2 2 y – y1 = m(x – x1) 37 37
= Solving this equation the tangent line AB with the circle is point of
x -1 -4 æ -4 - 7 -2 + 6 ö æ -11 ö -3 Therefore, the point of intersection intersection of line : x + y – 5 = 0 and x – y = 0.
H= ç , (a – 3) (a + 7) = 0 y–2 = (x – 6)
÷ =ç

la
5 5 , 2÷ æ 59 49 ö
= è 2 2 ø è 2 ø a = 3 or a = – 7 5 (x, y) = ç , ÷ 5 5
x -1 4 5y – 10 = –3x + 18 è 37 37 ø Solving, we get x = and y = .
Slope of EF Since a is positive, we have a = 3 and 2 2
Therefore, the coordinate of the point of

sa
x–1=4 x=5 3x + 5y – 28 = 0 The equation of line parallel to Y axis is x =c.
æ -3 ö 7 b = 7 –a = 7 – 3 = 4
2-ç ÷ æ 59 49 ö 5 5
x = 5, y = 2 è 2ø 7 x y 12. Y
ou are downloading a song. The percent y It passes through (x, y) = ç , ÷ . contact is P æç , ö÷
= = 2 = ......(1) Hence, + = 1 è 37 37 ø è 2 2ø
8. L
et A(3, –4), B(9, –4) , C(5, –7) and D(7, –7). 11 1 10 10 3 4 (in decimal form) of mega bytes remaining 59
- Therefore, c = . 15. F
ind the equation of a line passing through
da

da
Show that ABCD is a trapezium. 2 2 2 Therefore, 4x + 3y –12 = 0 is the required to get downloaded in x seconds is given by y 37
= −0.1x +1. 59 (6, –2) and perpendicular to the line joining
Solution: Slope of FG equation. The equation of the line is x =
37 the points (6, 7) and (2, –3).
I f the given vertices A(3, –4), B(9, –4), C(5, –7) 11 7 11. Find the equation of the median and altitude (i) find the total MB of the song. gives 37x – 59 = 0
-2 Solution:
and D(7, –7) are form a trapezium then its only (ii) after how many seconds will 75% of the
Pa

Pa
7 of ΔABC through A where the vertices are
one pair of opposite sides are parallel. = 2 = 2 = ......(2) 14. T
he line joining the points A(0, 5) and To find equation of the line joining points
1 11 -12 -12 A(6, 2) , B(–5, –1) and C(1, 9) SEP-21 song gets downloaded?
- - B(4, 1) is a tangent to a circle whose centre C (6, 7) and (2, –3)
-4 - (-4) 2 2 2 Solution: (iii) after how many seconds the song will be
Slope of AB = = 0 -----(1) is at the point (4, 4) find y - y1 x - x1
9-3 Slope of GH To find the equation of median through A downloaded completely? =
(i) the equation of the line AB. y2 - y1 x2 - x1
w.

w.
-7 - (-7) 11 -5 + 1 -1 + 9 ö Solution:
Slope of CD = = 0-----(2) 2- -
7 Midpoint of BC = D æç , ÷ i) Total MB of song can be obtained when,
(ii) the equation of the line through C which y-7 x-6
7-5 2 7 è 2 2 ø is perpendicular to the line AB. =
= = 2 = ......(3) time = 0 -3 - 7 2-6
-7 - (-4) 11 æ 1 ö -10 10 (iii) the coordinates of the point of contact of
-3 3 - -ç- ÷ = D (–2, 4)
ww

ww
Slope of BC = = = --(3) 2 è 2ø 2 x = 0, y = 1 MB y-7 x-6
5-9 -4 4 A (6, 2) tangent line AB with the circle. =
Slope of HE ii) Time when 75% of song is downloaded. -10 -4
-7 + 4 -3 Solution:
Slope of AD = = -----(4) 3 7 Remaining % = 25% y= 0.25 4y – 28 = 10x – 60
4 -2 -
7-3 -7
= 2 = 2 = ......(4) 0.25= –0.1x+1
0.75
10x – 4y – 32 = 0
(1) = (2) but (3) ≠ ( 4) 1 æ -11ö 12 12 0.1x = 0.75 x = 5x – 2y – 16 = 0 …..(1)
-ç ÷
Hence, AB || CD but BC ≠ AD. 2 è 2 ø 2 0.1
The equation (1) is perpendicular to
Midpoint of EG = Midpoint of HF x = 7.5 Required time : 7.5 Seconds
( BC is not parallel to AD) B D C –2x – 5y + k = 0 …..(2)
(–5, –1) (1, 9) iii) Song will be downloaded completely when
The given points A,B, C and D are form éæ 1 1 ö æ -3 11ö ù éæ 11 11 ö ù The equation (2) passing through (6, –2)
êç - ÷ ç + ÷ ú = êç - , 4÷ ú Equation of AD A(6, 2), D(–2, 4) remaining % = 0% y = 0
a trapezium. ëè 2 2 ø è 2 2 ø û ëè 2 2 ø û (2) –2(6) – 5(–2) + k = 0
y - y1 x - x1 0 = – 0.1x + 1
9. A
quadrilateral has vertices at A(–4, –2), [0,4] = [0,4] = –12 + 10 + k = 0 k = 2
y2 - y1 x2 - x1 x = 10
B(5, –1) , C(6, 5) and D(–7, 6). Show that the Midpoints of the quadrilateral form a y-2 x-6 The required equation –2x –5y + 2 = 0
Required time : 10 Seconds
mid-points of its sides form a parallelogram. parallelogram. = 2x + 5y – 2 = 0
4-2 -2 - 6
MAY-22

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

125 126 127
16. A
(–3, 0) B(10, –2) and C(12, 3) are the Equation (1) is perpendicular to 19. F
ind the equation of a straight line through (1) × 2 + (2) 6x + 2y + 4 = 0 (1) – (2) × 2 8x + 3y = 18
vertices of ΔABC. Find the equation of the 5x – 3y + k = 0 ..... (2) the intersection of lines 5x−6y=2, 3x+2y=10 x – 2y – 4 = 0 (+) 8x + 10y = 18 (–)
altitude through A and B. and perpendicular to the line 4x−7y+13=0
Equation (2) is passing though the midpoints
Solution: A (–3, 0) Solution: 7x = 0 x = 0 –7y = 0 y = 0
of AB
æ -4 + 6 2 - 4 ö 5x – 6y =2 ---- (1) Substitute x = 0 in equation (2) 9
Midpoint of AB = çè , ÷ y = 0 (2) 4x = 9 x=
2 2 ø 3x + 2y = 10 ---- (2) –2y = 4 y = –2 4
= (1, –1) (1) × 1 5x – 6y =2 Point of Intersection (0, –2)
(2) × 3 9x + 6y = 30 Point of Intersection æç 9 , 0ö÷
(2) 5(1) – 3(–1) + k = 0 To find the intersection point, è4 ø
B D C (5, –4) and (–7, 6)
(10, –2) (12, 3) 5 + 3 + k = 0 7x – 3y = –12 ----(3)
14x = 32 æ 5 - 7 -4 + 6 ö
B(10, –2) C(12, 3) k = –8 x – 2y = – 3 ----(4) Midpoint = ç , ÷ = (–1, 1)
32 è 2 2 ø
y -y 3+ 2 5 Hence, the Required Equation is x = (3) – (4) × 7 7x – 3y = –12
Slope of BC = 2 1 = = 14 The required equation of the line joining
x2 - x1 12 - 10 2 7x – 14y = –21 (–)
5x – 3y – 8 = 0 16
et

et
BC AD x = the points çæ 9 , 0÷ö and (–1, 1)
2 18. F
ind the equation of a straight line through 7 è4 ø
Slope of AD = – A (–3, 0) Substitute the value of x in equation (1) 11y = 9
5 the intersection of lines 7x + 3y = 10, 5x −4y y - y1 x - x1
9
i.N

i.N

i.N
The equation of the perpendicular line drawn = 1 and parallel to the line 13x + 5y +12 = 0 æ 16 ö 80 y = =
5 èç ø÷ – 6y = 2 – 6y = 2 11 y2 - y1 x2 - x1
from A to the opposite side of the triangle Solution: 7 7
9 9
y – y1 = m(x – x1) 13x + 5y + 12 = 0 80 14 - 80 Substitute y = in equation (4) x-
– 6y = 2 – –6y = 11 y-0 4
2 7 7 18 =
-coefficient of x 9
la

la
y – 0 = – (x +3) Slope = 66 x=– = –3 1- 0
5 66 11 -1 -
coefficient of y –6y = – y = – 4
5y = –2x – 6 7 7 ´ -6 18 15
11 x = –3 + =– 4x - 9
13 y=
sa

sa
2x + 5y + 6 = 0 11 11
m=– 7 y 4
16 11
A(–3, 0) C(12, 3) 5 Intersect point is æç , ö÷ . Point of Intersection çæ
-15 9 ö
, 1
=
13
7x + 3y =10 ---- (1) è 7 7ø è 11 11÷ø -
3 0 3 1 4x – 7y +13 = 0 4
Slope of AC = = = 5x – 4y = 1 ----(2)
da

da
12 3 15 5 4 The required equation of the line joining –13y = 4x –9
AC BE (1) × 5 35x + 15y = 50 Slope =
-15 9 ö
B(10, –2) Slope of BE = –5 (2) × 7 35x – 28y = 7 (–)
7
7 the points (0, –2) and æç , 4x+13y–9 = 0
Perpendicular Slope = – è 11 11ø÷
The equation of the perpendicular line drawn 4 Two points form :
***
Pa

Pa
from B to the opposite side of the triangle 43y = 43 7 y - y1 x - x1
y – y1 = m(x – x1) y = 1 Slope = m = – . Points æç 16 , 11ö÷
y2 - y1
=
x2 - x1
4 è 7 7ø
y + 2 = –5 (x – 10) Substitute y = 1 in equation (1) The required equation y - (-2) x-0
y + 2 = –5x + 50 7x + 3(1) = 10 =
y – y1 = m(x – x1) 9
w.

w.
15
- (-2) - -0
5x + y – 48 = 0 7x = 10 – 3 11 7 16 11 11
7x = 7 y– = – (x – ) y+2 x
17. F
ind the equation of the perpendicular 7 4 7 =
bisector of the line joining the points x =1 31 15
ww

ww
æ 11ö æ 7 x - 16 ö -
A(–4, 2) and B(6, –4). 13 4y – 4 ç ÷ = –7 ç 11 11
Slope = – , Points(1, 1) è 7ø è 7 ø÷
Solution: 5 15 31
44 – (y+2) = (x)
y – y1 = m(x – x1) 4y – = – 7x + 16 11 11
o find equation of the line joining the points
T 7
13 –15y – 30 = 31x
A(–4, 2) and B(6, –4) y–1 = – (x – 1) 28y – 44 = –49x + 112
5 31x+15y+30 = 0
49x + 28y – 156 = 0
y-2 x - (-4) 5y – 5 = –13x + 13 21. F
ind the equation of a straight line through
= 20. F
ind the equation of a straight line joining
-4 - 2 6 - (-4) 13x + 5y – 18 = 0 the point of intersection of the lines 8x+3y=18,
the point of intersection of 3x+y+2=0 and
y-2 x+4 The required equation 13x + 5y –18 = 0 4x + 5y = 9 and bisecting the line segment
= x − 2y − 4 = 0 to the point of intersection of
-6 10 joining the points (5, –4) and (–7, 6).
7x − 3y = −12 and 2y = x + 3
10y – 20 = –6x – 24 Solution:
Solution:
6x + 10y + 4 = 0 To find the intersecting point of the lines
3x + y + 2 = 0 ----(1)
3x + 5y + 2 = 0 ..... (1) 8x + 3y = 18 ----(1)
and x – 2y – 4 = 0 ----(2)
4x + 5y = 9 ----(2)

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

128 129 130
= (tan2θ+1)3 ( 1+tan2θ = sec2θ) é 1 ù a3 + b3 = (a+b) (a2+b2–ab)] Now, CD = AC + AD = 200 3 + 200
6 Trigonometry ( (x+y)3 = x3 + 3x2y+3xy2 + y3)
=
cos q ê -1
ë sin q úû = (1 + cosAsinA) – (1 – cosAsinA) [by (1) and (2)]
(tan2θ+1)3= (tan2θ)3 + 3(tan2θ)2(1)+ é 1 ù = 1 + cosAsinA – 1 + cosAsinA CD =200 ( 3 + 1) = 200 × 2.732 = 546.4
3tan2θ (1)2 + (1)3 cos q ê +1
ë sin q ûú = 2cosAsinA Distance between two ships is 546.4m
2 Marks STAGE 2 cos 2 q + sin 2 q = tan6θ + 3tan4θ + 3tan2θ + 1 cosec q - 1
= = = RHS 3. Prove the following identities. 5. F
rom a point on the ground, the angles of
1. Prove that tan2θ − sin2θ = tan2θ sin2θ sin q cos q = tan6θ + 3tan2θ (tan2θ + 1) + 1 cosec q + 1 sin 3 A + cos 3 A sin 3 A - cos 3 A
+ =2 elevation of the bottom and top of a tower
Solution: 1 = tan6θ + 3tan2θsec2θ + 1 Hence Proved sinA - cosA
sin q 2 = = secθ cosecθ sinA + cosA fixed at the top of a 30 m high building are
tan θ – sin θ = tan θ –
2 2 2
.cos2θ sin q cos q = RHS. Solution: 45° and 60° respectively. Find the height of
cos 2 q 5 Marks STAGE
LHS =RHS. Hence Proved 2 Here x = sinA, y = cosA the tower. ( 3 = 1.732) MAY-22
= tan2θ(1– cos2θ) = tan2θ sin2θ
(ii) tan4θ + tan2θ = sec4θ −sec2θ (ii) (sinθ + secθ)2 +(cosθ + cosecθ)2 1. If cosecθ + cotθ = P , then prove that sin 3 A + cos3 A sin 3 A - cos3 A Solution:
sinA sinA LHS = +
2. Prove that + = 2cosecA Solution: = 1+(sec θ + cosecθ)2 P2 - 1 sin A + cos A sin A - cos A
1 + cosA 1 - cosA cosθ = 2
Solution: LHS = tan θ+tan θ = tan θ(tan θ+1)
4 2 2 2 Solution: P +1

et
x3 + y3 = (x+y)(x2 – xy + y2)
sin A = tan2θ (sec2θ) ( 1+ tan2θ = sec2θ) LHS = (sinθ+secθ)2 + (cosθ+cosecθ)2 Solution:
+ sin A x3 – y3 = (x–y)(x2 + xy + y2)
1 + cos A 1 - cos A = (sec2θ–1)(sec2θ) = sin2θ + sec2θ + 2sinθsecθ + cos2θ cosecθ+cotθ = P ..... (1)
(sin A + cos A)(sin 2 A - sin A cos A + cos2 A)

i.N

i.N
sin A (1 - cos A) + sin A (1 + cos A) ( tan2θ = sec2θ – 1) +cosec2θ+2cosθcosecθ cosecθ –cotθ = 1/p ..... (2) =
= 1 sin A + cos A
= sec4θ – sec2θ = sin2θ + cos2θ +sec2θ +cosec2θ + 2tanθ + (1) + (2) 2 cosecθ = P +
(1 + cos A)(1 - cos A) P opposite side
LHS = RHS 2cotθ
P2 + 1 (sin A - cos A)(sin 2 A + sin A cos A + cos2 A) In ∆APB tanθ =
Adjacent side
sin A - sin A cos A + sin A + sin A cos A = 1+ sec2θ +cosec2θ +2(tanθ + cotθ) 2 cosecθ = ..... (3) +
= sin A - cos A

la
6. Prove the following identities. P 30 30
1 - cos 2 A sin q cos q sin 2 q + cos 2 q 1 = sin2A – sinAcosA + cos2A + sin2A + sinA tan 45° = 1=
(i) 1 - tan
2
q = tan2θ [ tanθ+cotθ = + = (1) – (2) 2cotθ = P – BP BP
2sin A 2sin A 2 cos q sin q sin q cos q P cosA + cos2A
= = = = 2cosecA cot 2q - 1 BP = 30m

sa
1 - cos 2 A sin 2 A sin A = secθcosecθ] 2
P -1
Solution: sin 2 q 2 cotθ = ..... (4) = 2 (sin2 A+ cos2A) ( sin2A+cos2A = 1)
3. Prove that secθ – cosθ = tanθsinθ
1 - tan 2 q
1- = 1+ sec2θ +cosec2θ +2secθcosecθ P In ∆BPC tan 60° = BC
Solution: L.H.S = = cos 2 q = 2 = RHS BP
= 1 + (secθ+ cosecθ) = RHS.
2
P2 - 1
cot 2 q - 1 cos 2 q
LHS = secθ – cosθ Hence Proved. 3 = h + 30
da

da
-1 Hence Proved 2cot q P
sin 2 q (4) / (3) = 30
1 1 - cos 2 q sin 2 q 2cosecq P2 + 1 4. T
wo ships are sailing in the sea on either
= – cosθ = = cos 2 q - sin 2 q 8. Prove the following identities. 30 3 = h + 30
cos q cos q cos q P sides of a lighthouse. The angle of elevation
= cos 2
q (i) sec4θ (1−sin4θ) − 2tan2θ = 1 of the top of the lighthouse as observed
cot q 2
h = 30 3 – 30
sin q = P2 - 1
Pa

Pa
= .sin θ = tanθ sinθ cos 2 q - sin 2 q Solution: from the ships are 30° and 45° respectively.
cos q cosecq P +1 = 30 (1.732 – 1)
sin 2 q æ 1 ö If the lighthouse is 200 m high, find the
LHS = RHS LHS = ç (1+sin2θ) (1–sin2θ) – 2tan2θ cos q 2
P -1
cos 2 q - sin 2 q sin 2 q è cos 4 q ø÷ × sinθ = 2 distance between the two ships. ( 3 = 1.732) = 30 (0.732)
= ×
4. Prove that secq - sinq = cotθ cos 2 q cos 2 q - sin 2 q æ 1 ö
sin q P +1
SEP-21 = 21. 960
w.

w.
sinq cosq = tan θ
2 = ç (1+sin2θ)cos2θ – 2tan2θ P2 - 1
Solution: è cos 4 q ø÷ cosθ = 2 . Solution: 6. A
TV tower stands vertically on a bank of
LHS = RHS P +1
1 a canal. The tower is watched from a point
1 + sin 2 q Hence Proved
– 2sin2 q
2
sec q sin q sin q cosq = on the other bank directly opposite to it. The
= cos q - (ii) = secθ – tanθ
ww

ww
- cos 2 q cos q 2. Prove that angle of elevation of the top of the tower is
sin q cos q sin q cos q 1 + sinq
æ cos 3 A - sin 3 A ö – æ cos A + sin A ö 58°. From another point 20 m away from
3 3
1 sin q Solution: 1 + sin 2 q - 2sin 2 q
= - = ç ÷ Let AB be the lighthouse.
sin q cos q cos q cos q 1 - sin q cos 2 q èç cosA - sinA ø÷ è cosA + sinA ø this point on the line joining this point to the
LHS = × Let C and D be the positions of the two ships. foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of the
1 - sin 2 q cos 2 q 1 + sin q 1 - sin q 1 - sin 2 q cos 2 q
= 2 sinAcosA
= = = = Solution: Then, AB = 200m top of the tower is 30°. Find the height of the
sin q cos q sin q cos q cos q (1 - sin q ) cos q (1 - sin q ) cos 2 q cos 2 q ACB = 30°, ADB = 45° tower and the width of the canal. (tan 58° =
= = æ cos3 A - sin 3 A ö æ cos3 A + sin 3 A ö AB
= cotθ 1 - sin 2 q cos 2 q = 1 = RHS. – In right triangle BAC, tan30° = 1.6003)
Hence Proved èç cos A - sin A ø÷ çè cos A + sin A ø÷ AC
1 - sin q 1 sin q 200
Solution:
5. Prove the following identities. = = - 1
cos q cos q cos q (ii)
cotq - cosq
=
cosecq - 1
=ç
( )
æ (cos A - sin A) cos 2 A + sin 2 A + cos A sin A ö
3
=
AC
gives, AC = 200 3 ---(1)
(i) cotθ + tanθ = secθ cosecθ = secθ – tanθ cotq + cosq cosecq + 1 cos A - sin A
÷
è ø AB
Solution: Solution: In right triangle BAD , tan45°=
LHS = cotθ+tanθ
7. Prove the following identities. cos q
- cos q –ç
( )
æ (cos A + sin A) cos 2 A + sin 2 A - cos A sin A ö
200
AD
(i) sec6θ = tan6θ + 3tan2θ sec2θ + 1 cot q - cos q ÷ 1= gives AD = 200 ---(2)
cos q sin q LHS = = sin q è cos A + sin A ø AD
= + Solution: cot q + cos q cos q Let AB be the height of the TV Tower , BC be
+ cos q [ a3 – b3 = (a–b) (a2+b2+ab)
sin q cos q LHS = sec6θ = (sec2θ)3 sin q the Width of the canal, CD = 20m

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

131 132 133
In the right angled triangle ABC h+x = 3 (5) Solution:
50 3 distance 13. A
s observed from the top of a 60 m high
50 Therefore, speed of the boat =
AB The height of the first building AB = 60m. AM = = lighthouse from the sea level, the angles of
tan 58° = h = (5 × 3) – 5 3 3 time
BC Now, AB = MD = 60m. 146.4 depression of two ships are 28° and 45°. If
AB = 5[ 3 – 1] = 5[1.732 – 1] 50 ´ 1.732 = one ship is exactly behind the other on the
1.6003 = ---(1) Let the height of the second building. = = 28.87m 10
BC = 5[0.732] = 3.66 m 3 = 14.64 m/s same side of the lighthouse, find the distance
AB = 60 m. Now, AB = MD = 60m
In the right angled triangle ABD Hence, Height of the window = 3.66m Height of the tree = CD = MB = AB – AM 3600 between the two ships. (tan28° =0.5317)
Now, AM = BD = 140m gives 14.64 × km / hr
AB = 50 – 28.87 = 21.13m 1000
tan 30° = 8. T
he top of a 15 m high tower makes an angle From the diagram,
BD of elevation of 60° with the bottom of an = 52.704 km / hr
XCA = 30° = CAM 11. A
man is watching a boat speeding away
1 AB electronic pole and angle of elevation of 30° In the right angled ∆AMC, from the top of a tower. The boat makes an 12. A
n aeroplane at an altitude of 1800 m finds
= ---(2)
3 BC + 20 with the top of the pole. What is the height of angle of depression of 60° with the man’s eye that two boats are sailing towards it in the
CM
Dividing (1) by (2) we get, the electric pole? tan 30° = when at a distance of 200 m from the tower. same direction. The angles of depression of
AM Solution:
1.6003 BC + 20
Solution: A After 10 seconds, the angle of depression the boats as observed from the aeroplane are Height of the Light house = CD = 60m
= 1 CM 60° and 30° respectively. Find the distance
= becomes 45°. What is the approximate speed
et

et
1 BC Position of the observer = D
15–x

3 140 of the boat (in km / hr), assuming that it is between the two boats. ( 3 = 1.732)
3 15m 30° From the Diagram XDA = 28° = DAC and
BC + 20 140 140 3 sailing in still water? ( 3 = 1.732) Solution:
1.732 × 1.6003 = E y D CM = = × XDB = 45° = DBC
i.N

i.N

i.N
BC x
60°
x 3 3 3 In figure, A – An Aeroplane,
2.7717 BC = BC + 20
B C From the Triangle DCB, We have
y 140 3 140 ´ 1.732 B1, B2 are Two Boats
= = = 80.83 DC
2.7717 BC – BC = 20 In figure AB Electric Pole, CD – Tower 3 3 From the figure, AP = 1800m, tan 45° =
BC[1.7717] = 20 From the figure, PB1 = y, B1B2 = x, PB2 = x + y BC
Now, h = CD = CM + MD
la

la
60
20 AB = 15, AE = 15–x m, = 80.83 + 60 = 140.83 m 1 =
BC = =11.29 m BC
1.7717 BE = CD = x, ED = y Therefore, the height of the second building is BC = 60m
sa

sa
AB In ∆AED, 140.83 m
1.6003 = [From (1)] From the Triangle DCA, we have
11.29 AE
tan 30° = 10. F
rom the top of a tower 50 m high, the angles DC
AB = 18.07 ED tan 28° =
1 15 - x of depression of the top and bottom of a tree Solution: AC
da

da
Hence, the height of the tower is 17.99 m and = are observed to be 30° and 45° respectively.
3 y Let AB be the tower. 60
the width of the canal is 11.29 m. Find the height of the tree. ( 3 = 1.732) 0.5317 =
y = (15–x) 3 ----(1) Let C and D be the positions of the boat AC
7. T
o a man standing outside his house, the XAC = 60° = ACB and 60
In ∆ABC, AP AC =
angles of elevation of the top and bottom of
Pa

Pa
AB 15 XAD = 45° = ADB, BC = 200 m In ∆APB1, tan 60° = 0.5317
a window are 60° and 45° respectively. If the tan 60° = 3 = PB1
BC y AC = 112.85m
height of the man is 180 cm and if he is 5 m In right triangle, ABC, 3 = 1800
away from the wall, what is the height of the 15 15 3 AB y Distance between two ships
y= = × =5 3 ----(2) tan60° =
window? ( 3 = 1.732) 3 3 3 Solution: BC AB = AC – BC = 112.85–60 = 52.85m
w.

w.
1800
F y =
Solution: (1) = (2) (15 – x) 3 = 5 3 Height of the tower AB = H = 50 m AB 3 14. F
rom the top of a lighthouse, the angle of
h gives 3 =
E 15 – x = 5 Let the height of the tree = CD = y and BD = x 200 1800 3 1800 3 depression of two ships on the opposite sides
x = ´ = of it are observed to be 30° and 60°. If the
ww

ww
60° x = 10m From the diagram, XAC = 30° = ACM BC = 200 3 ..... (1 ) 3 3 3
D
5m 45°
C
ence, the height of the electric pole is 10m.
H XAD = 45° = ADB In right triangle, ABD height of the lighthouse is h meters and the
1.8m 1.8m = 600 3 m line joining the ships passes through the foot
B A 9. T
he horizontal distance between two In the right angled triangle ABD, AB
5m tan45° = AP of the lighthouse, show that the distance
AB BD In ∆APB2, tan 30° =
In figure, AC – A man Standing,
buildings is 140m. The angle of depression of tan 45° = PB2 between the ships is 4h m.
the top of the first building when seen from BD 200 3 3
EF – Window, DF – House gives 1 = [by (1)] 1 1800 Solution:
the top of the second building is 30°. If the 50 BD = A
From the figure, height of the first building is 60m, find the 1 = x = 50m 3 x+ y 30o 60o
x We get, BD = 200
EF = h, ED = x, DF = x + h height of the second building. ( 3 = 1.732). x + y = 1800 3
In the right angled triangle AMC, Now, CD = 200 3 – 200 h
In ∆CDE,
AM x = 1800 3 – 600 3
DE x tan 30° = = 200 ( 3 – 1) = 146.4 30o 60o
tan45° = 1= x=5 CM C x B y D
DC 5 It is given that the distance CD is covered in x = 1200 3 m = 1200 × 1.732
1 AM 10 seconds. C, D – Positions of the two ships
In ∆CDF, = [ DB = CM] = 2078.4 m
DF 3 50 That is, the distance of 146.4m is covered in Height of the Light House AB = h m
h+ x Hence, the distance between the boats
tan60° = 3 = 10 seconds. opposite side
DC 5 = 2078.4 m In ∆ ABC tanθ =
Adjacent side
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

134 135 136
respectively. Find the height of the second AB - Ship, CE - Hill
tan30° = h Speed =
60
= 30 feet / minutes tree. ( 3 = 1.732)
x
=
x + 2h 50 + x = 50 × 3
x 2 From the figure, tan q1 tan q 2 3
1 h Solution: AB = CD = 40m, BC = AD = x, DE = h,
= 16. A pole 5 m high is fixed on the top of a tower. xtan θ2 = xtan θ1 + 2htanθ1 50 + x = 50× 3 × 3 = 150 m
3 x The angle of elevation of the top of the pole CE = 40 + h x = 150 – 50 = 100 m
x(tan θ2 – tan θ1) = 2htanθ1

x =h 3 observed from a point ‘A’ on the ground is AB 1 40 2h tan q1 Height of the cellphone tower
60° and the angle of depression to the point In ∆ABC tan30° = = = x =
h BC 3 x = x+50 = 100 + 50 = 150 m
In ∆ ABD tan60° = tan q 2 - tan q1
y ‘A’ from the top of the tower is 45°. Find the x = 40 × 3 ..... (1) Height of the cloud from the ground, Since, 150m > 120m. Yes the height of the
h height of the tower. ( 3 = 1.732)
3 = DE h CE = x + h tower does not meet the radiation norms.
Solution: In ∆ADE tan60° = = 3 =
y AD x 2h tan q1
= +h 21. T
he angles of elevation and depression of the
h tan - tanq2 q1 top and bottom of a lamp post from the top
y = h = x × 3 = 40 × 3 × 3 = 120 m
3 Height of the hill = 40 + 120 = 160 m 2h tan q1 + h tan q 2 - h tan q1 of a 66 m high apartment are 60° and 30°
=
Distance between two ships Let AB - height of second tree and The distance of the hill from the ship is tan q 2 - tan q1 respectively. Find

et
(x + y) = h 3 +
h CD - height of the first tree = 13 x = 40 × 3 = 69.28 m h (tan q1 + tan q 2 ) (i) The height of the lamp post.
=
3 AE tan q 2 - tan q1 (ii) The difference between height of the
4h In AEC, tan 45° = 19. I f the angle of elevation of a cloud from a
d = m lamp post and the apartment.

i.N

i.N
3 CE point ‘h’ metres above a lake is θ1 and the Hence Proved
x angle of depression of its reflection in the (iii) The distance between the lamp post and
15. A lift in a building of height 90 feet with 1 = 20. T
he angle of elevation of the top of a cell phone
et BC be the height of the tower and CD be
L y lake is θ2. Prove that the height that the the apartment. ( 3 = 1.732)
transparent glass walls is descending from the tower from the foot of a high apartment is 60°
top of the building. At the top of the building, the height of the pole. x = y ..... (1) cloud is located from the and the angle of depression of the foot of the Solution: E

la
the angle of depression to a fountain in the Let ‘A’ be the point of observation. CD h (tanq 1 + tanq 2 ) tower from the top of the apartment is 30°.
In BCD, tan 30° = ground is . h
garden is 60°. Two minutes later, the angle of Let BC = x and AB = y BD tanq - tanq If the height of the apartment is 50 m, find
Solution: 2 1
60°

sa
depression reduces to 30°. If the fountain is From the diagram 1 13 the height of the cell phone tower. According D
x 30° A
= E
30 3 feet from the entrance of the lift, find BAD = 60° and XCA = 45° = BAC 3 y to radiations control norms, the minimum 66m 66m
the speed of the lift which is descending. In right angled ∆ABC, y = 13 3
x height of a cell phone tower should be 120 30°
C B
Solution: θ1 m. State if the height of the above mentioned x
da

da
BC B D
tan 45° = From (1) x = y = 13 3 h
θ2 y
cell phone tower meets the radiation norms. AB - Height of the apartment,
In Figure, AC – Building, A – A lift at the top AB
h
of the building Height of the second tree, A
y C Solution: CE - Lamp Post
x A
B – The lift two minutes later, 1 = x = y ---(1) AB = AE + EB x+h From the Figure, AB = CD = 66m,
y x
Pa

Pa
D = Fountain in the garden In right angled ∆ABD = x + 13 E′ y DE = h, CE = 66+h, BC = AD = x
BC + CD E C
BD = 13 3 + 13 30°
AB
A tan 60° = = From the Figure BD - Surface of the Lake,
60°

AB AB 50 50m In ∆ABC, tan30° =

x = 13[ 3 + 1 ] E - Cloud, E' - Reflection of cloud, BC
x+5 60° 1 66
3 = 3y = x + 5 B - Observer B 30°
w.

w.
B = 13[1 + 1.732] D =
90ft

°
30

y y
AB = CD = h, BD = AC = y, ED = x, 3 x
90–x

We get, 3 x = x+5 [From (1)] = 13[2.732] AB - Cell Phone Tower, x = 66 × 3

60° CE = CE′ = h +x , DE′ = x + 2h
C D = 35.52 m CD - Height of the apartment ED
30° DE In ∆ADE, tan60° =
ww

ww
30 3 x–x = 5 In ∆BDE tan θ1 =
3

In the figure, AC = 90 feet, Height of the second tree = 35.52 m From the figure, BE = CD = 50m, AD
BD
CD = 30 3 feet, AB = x feet, x[ 3 –1] = 5 18. A
man is standing on the deck of a ship, AE = x, AB = 50 + x, BD = CE = y h
x 3 = h = 3 ×x
5 which is 40 m above water level. He observes tan θ1 = CD x
BC = 90–x feet x = y In ∆BCD, tan30° =
BC 3 -1 the angle of elevation of the top of a hill as BD = 3 ×66× 3
In ∆BCD, tan 30° = x
CD 5 3 +1 60° and the angle of depression of the base of y = ----(1) 1 = 66×3 = 198 m
= × tan q1 50
1 90 - x 3 -1 3 +1 the hill as 30°. Calculate the distance of the = i) Let CE be the height of the lamp post
= DE ' 3 y
3 30 3 5 (1.732 + 1) 5 ´ 2.732 hill from the ship and the height of the hill. In ∆BDE′ tan θ2 = CE = 66 + h = 66 + 198 = 264m
= = BD y = 50 × 3 ----(1)
90–x = 30 ( 3 = 1.732) ii) The difference between the height of the
2 2 E x + 2h AB
x = 60 feet Solution: tan θ2 = In ∆ABD, tan60° = lamp post and the apartment is
= 5×1.366 = 6.83 y BD
h 50 + x
Time taken by the lift from A to B Hence, height of the tower is 6.83 m 3 = CE – AB = 264 – 66 = 198m
60°
=
= 2 minutes A D x + 2h y iii) The distance between the lamp post and the
17. F
rom the top of a tree of height 13 m the 30° y = ----(2)
distance tan q 2 apartment is x
Speed = angle of elevation and depression of the top 40m 40m 50 + x
time (1) = (2) y = ----(2) x = 66 3 = 114.312m
and bottom of another tree are 45° and 30° B 30° C 3
From (1), (2) ***
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

137 138 139
7. T he radius of a sphere increases by 25%. Given that, r = 21 cm, R = 28 cm, h = 9cm Solution: Let the internal and external radii of the

7 Mensuration Find the percentage increase in its surface

area.
Now, the volume of hollow cylinder Let r be the radius of the hemisphere. hemispherical shell be r and R respectively.
= π(R2–r2) h Given that, volume of the hemisphere = Here R = 5m, r = 3m
Solution: 22 22 29106 cm3 C.S.A of the shell = 2π (R2+ r2) sq.units
2 Marks STAGE 4. F
ind the diameter of a sphere whose surface hen r is radius of the sphere, then surface
W = (282–212)×9 = (784 – 441)×9
2 7 7 Now, volume of new hemisphere 22
area is 154 m2. SEP-20 area = 4πr2 ......(1) = 2× (25+ 9)
1. T
he curved surface area of a right circular 22 2 7
Solution: If r is increases by 25% = × 343 × 9 = 22 ×49 ×9 = 9702 = (Volume of original sphere) 44 ´ 34
cylinder of height 14 cm is 88 cm2. Find the 7 3 =
diameter of the cylinder. Let r be the radius of the sphere. The new Radius R = r + r × 25 7
100 Therefore, volume of iron used = 9702 cm3 2
Solution: Given that, surface area of sphere = 154 m2 125r 5 = × 29106 = 213.71 m2
R= = r 10. The volume of a solid right circular cone is 3
Given that, C.S.A. of the cylinder 4πr2 = 154 100 4 Volume of new hemisphere T.S.A of the shell = π(3R2+ r2) sq.units
11088 cm3. If its height is 24 cm then find the
= 88 sq. cm 22 Now, Surfaced Area= 4πR 2 22
4× × r2 = 154 radius of the cone. = 19404 cm3 = (75+ 9)
7 æ 25r 2 ö 2 3 7
2πrh = 88 = 4π ç Solution: πr = 19404
154 7 = 264 m2
è 16 ÷ø 3
et

et
22 gives r2 = × Let r and h be the radius and height of the cone
2× × r ×14 = 88 (h = 14 cm) 4 22 2 2 22 Therefore, C.S.A = 213.71m2 and
7 æ 5r ö respectively. × × r3 = 19404
88 ´ 7 r2 = 49 = 4π ç ÷
Given that,
3 7
19404 ´ 3 ´ 7
T.S.A = 264 m2
2r = =2 è 4ø
i.N

i.N

i.N
22 ´ 14 4 r3 = = 9261
volume of the cone = 11088 cm3 2 ´ 22 3. 4 persons live in a conical tent whose slant
7 ´ 25 ´
Therefore, diameter = 2 cm r = = .....(2) 1 2 height is 19 m. If each person require 22 m2
2 πr h = 11088 r = 3 9261 = 21 cm of the floor area, then find the height of the
2. A
garden roller whose length is 3 m long 7 From (2) and (1) 3
Radius of sphere r = m; 1 22 Therefore, r = 21cm tent.
Amount of increases Area
la

la
and whose diameter is 2.8 m is rolled to level 2 × × r2 × 24 = 11088
a garden. How much area will it cover in Diameter of sphere d = 7 m 25 3 7 5 Marks STAGE 2 Solution:
= πr2 – 4πr2 r2 = 441
8 revolutions? 4 1. A
cylindrical drum has a height of 20 cm and Base area of the cone = πr2 = 22 m2.
5. T
he radius of a spherical balloon increases Therefore, radius of the cone r = 21 cm
sa

sa
æ 25 - 16 ö 9 4 persons living area = 4 × 22 = 88 m2
Solution: from 12 cm to 16 cm as air being pumped = πr2 ç = πr2 æç ÷ö 11. The ratio of the volumes of two cones is 2:3.
base radius of 14 cm. Find its curved surface
Given that, diameter d = 2.8 m and è 4 ÷ø è 4ø area and the total surface area. 22
into it. Find the ratio of the surface area of Find the ratio of their radii if the height of πr2 = 88 × r2 = 88
height = 3 m, radius r = 1.4 m The Percentage of increase, Solution: 7
the balloons in the two cases. MAY-22 second cone is double the height of the first. 7
da

da
Area covered in one revolution 9 2 Given that, height of the cylinder h = 20 cm ; r2 = 88 × = 28 cm2
Solution: pr Solution: 22
= curved surface area of the cylinder Let r1 and r2 be the radii of the balloons. Surface Area = 4 2 × 100 Let r1, h1 be the radius and height of the cone radius r =14 cm l = 19 cm l 2 = 361
4p r Now, C.S.A. of the cylinder = 2πrh sq. units
= 2πrh sq. units r 12 3 9 I and Let r2, h2 be the radius and height of the h = l 2 - r 2 = 361 - 28 = 333
Given that, 1 = = 1
Pa

Pa
22 r2 16 4 = × ×100 = 56.25% cone II. 22 Height of the tent = 18.25 m.
=2× × 1.4 × 3 4 4 C.S.A. of the cylinder = 2 × × 14 × 20
7 Ratio of C.S.A. of balloons 8. Find the volume of a cylinder whose height is Given that h2 = 2h1 and 7
4. A
girl wishes to prepare birthday caps in the
= 26.4 2 m and whose base area is 250 m2. SEP-21 Volumeof thecone I = 2 × 22 × 2 × 20
r2
2
æ 3ö
2
9 2 form of right circular cones for her birthday
4p r12 ærö =
Area covered in 1 revolution = 26.4 m2 = = 12 = ç 1 ÷ = ç ÷ = Solution: Volumeof thecone II 3 = 1760 cm2 party, using a sheet of paper whose area is
w.

w.
4p r2 2 r2 è r2 ø è 4ø 16
Area covered in 8 revolutions = 8×26.4 Let r and h be the radius and height of the T.S.A. of the cylinder = 2πr (h + r ) sq. units 5720 cm2, how many caps can be made with
Therefore, ratio of C.S.A. of balloons is 9:16. r1 h1
= 211.2 cylinder respectively. 2 22 radius 5 cm and height 12 cm.
= = 2× × 14 × (20+14)
6. T
he external radius and the length of a Given that, height h = 2 m, base area = 250 m2 3 7 Solution:
ww

ww
Therefore, area covered is 211.2 m2 r2 h2
hollow wooden log are 16 cm and 13 cm Now, volume of a cylinder = πr2h cu. units 22 In Cone shaped Caps r = 5cm, h = 12cm
3. I f the total surface area of a cone of radius r2
h 2 = 2× × 14 × 34
respectively. If its thickness is 4 cm then find = base area × h 1
´ 1 = 7 l=
7 cm is 704 cm2, then find its slant height. = 2992 cm2 h 2 + r 2 = 122 + 52
its T.S.A. r 2
2h1 3
= 250 × 2 = 500 m3 2
Solution: Therefore, C.S.A. = 1760 cm2 and = 144 + 25 = 169 = 13 cm
Solution: Therefore, volume of the cylinder = 500 m3 r12 4
Total Surface Area = 704 cm 2 = T.S.A. = 2992 cm2
In hollow cylinder, R = 16cm, h = 13 cm and W r2 2 3 Let the total number of caps = n
πr (l +r ) = 704 = R – r 4 = 16 – r r = 12 cm 9. F
ind the volume of the iron used to make a r1 n [CSA] = 5720
2 2. T
he internal and external radii of a
22 hollow cylinder of height 9 cm and whose =
× 7 (l +7)
= 704 T.S.A = 2π(R+r) (R – r + h) Sq.units r2 3 hollow hemispherical shell are 3m and 5m n [πrl] = 5720
7 internal and external radii are 21 cm and 28
704 22 respectively. Find the T.S.A and C.S.A. of 5720 5720 5720 ´ 7
l+7
= = 2× ×(16+12)( 16 – 12 + 13) cm respectively. SEP-20 Ratio of their radii = 2 : 3 n= = = = 28
22 7 the shell. p rl 22 22 ´ 5 ´ 13
Solution: 12. T
he volume of a solid hemisphere is 29106 Solution: ´ 5 ´ 13
64 22 7
= = 32 = 2× × 28 × 17 et r, R and h be the internal radius, external
L cm3. Another hemisphere whose volume is Hence, the required number of caps is 28.
2 7 radius and height of the hollow cylinder two-third of the above is carved out. Find
l + 7 = 32 l = 32 – 7 = 25 cm T.S.A = 2992 cm2
respectively. the radius of the new hemisphere.
Therefore, slant height of the cone is 25 cm.

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

140 141 142
5. T he ratio of the radii of two right circular T.S.A of cylinder B 9. I f the circumference of a conical wooden When the ∆ABC is rotated about AB as axis 13. A rul has to make arrangements for the radii of the frustum.
cones of same height is 1:3. Find the ratio of 22 21 piece is 484 cm then find its volume when its then, We get a cone in r = 6cm, h = 8cm. accommodation of 150 persons for his family Given that,
their curved surface area when the height of = 2× × ×(7+10.5) = 1155 cm2 height is 105 cm. 1 2 function. For this purpose, he plans to build
7 2 Now, Volume = πr h R = 12 cm, r = 6 cm, h2 = 12 cm,
each cone is 3 times the radius of the smaller Solution: 3 a tent which is in the shape of cylinder
Hence verified that cylinder B with greater h1 = 20 – 12 = 8 cm
cone. volume has a greater surface area. Given in cone, height = 105 cm; 1 22 surmounted by a cone. Each person occupies
= × × 6 × 6 ×8 Slant height of the frustum
Solution: circumference = 484 cm 3 7 4 sq. m of the space on ground and 40 cu.
Volumeof cylinder A 808.5 1 meter of air to breathe. What should be the l = ( R - r ) + h1 units
2 2
In cone , r1 : r2 = 1:3 iii) = = 2πr = 484 = 301.71 cm3 ----(1)
r1 = x cm, r2 = 3x cm Volumeof cylinder B 2425.5 3
When the ∆ABC is rotated about BC as axis height of the conical part of the tent if the
22 = 36 + 64
Therefore, ratio of the volumes of cylinders A 2× ×r = 484 height of cylindrical part is 8 m?
h1 : h2 = 1:1 h1 = h2 = h cm 7 then, We get a cone in r = 6cm, h = 8cm. l = 10 cm
and B is 1 : 3 484 ´ 7 1 2 Solution:
Let h = 3x r = Now, Volume = πr h Outer Surface Area
2 2
7. C
alculate the weight of a hollow brass sphere 2 ´ 22 3
l1 = r12 + h 2 = x + (3x) = 10x 2 = 2πrh2 + π(R+r)l sq.units
= 77cm 1 22
if the inner diameter is 14 cm and thickness = × ×8×8×6
l1= x 10 cm is 1mm, and whose density is 17.3 g/cm3.
1 3 7 = π(2rh2 + (R+r)l
Volume of the cone = πr2h

et
2 2 3 = 402.29 cm3 ----(2) Let h1 and h2 be the height of cylinder and cone = π(2 × 6 × 12) + (18(10))
l2 = r2 + h = (3x) 2 + (3x) 2 Solution: 1 22
= × × 77 × 77 ×105 The required difference is (2) – (1) respectively.
Let r, R be the inner and outer radii of the 3 7 = π(144 + 180)
l2= 18x 2 = 9 ´ 2x 2 =3 2 x = 402.29 – 301.71 = 100.58 cm3 Area for one person = 4 sq.m

i.N

i.N
hollow sphere. = 652190 cm3 22
Ratio of their CSA Total number of persons = 150 = × 324
Given that, inner diameter d = 14cm; 12. T
he outer and the inner surface areas of a 7
πr1l1 : πr2l2 = r1 l1 : r2 l2 10.. A conical container is fully filled with petrol. Therefore, total base area = 150 × 4
inner radius, r = 7cm, spherical copper shell are 576π cm2 and 324π = 1018.28
The radius is 10m and the height is 15 m. If πr2 = 600
x(x) 10 : (3x)(3 2 x) = 10 : 9 2 1 cm2 respectively. Find the volume of the 7 2100 Therefore, outer surface area of the funnel is
thickness = 1mm = cm the container can release the petrol through

la
material required to make the shell. r2 = 600 × = ---- (1)
2 × 5 :9 2 = 5 :9 10 its bottom at the rate of 25 cu. meter per 22 11 1018.28 cm2
71 Solution:
Hence Ratio of CSA of the cones is 5 : 9 Outer Radius, R = 7 + 1/10= = 7.1cm minute, in how many minutes the container Volume of air required for 1 person = 40m3
10 The outer surface area of the sphere 15. A vessel is in the form of a hemispherical

sa
Volume of hollow sphere will be emptied. Round off your answer to Total Volume of air required for 150 persons
6. For the cylinders A and B, bowl mounted by a hollow cylinder. The
4 the nearest minute. = 576 π cm2 = 150 × 40 = 6000 m3
(i) find out the cylinder whose volume is = π[R – r ] cu. units
3 3 diameter is 14 cm and the height of the vessel
greater. 3 Solution: 4πR2 = 576π 1 is 13 cm. Find the capacity of the vessel.
4 22 576 πr2 h1 + πr2 h2 = 6000
In conical container, r = 10m, h = 15m.
da

da
(ii) verify whether the cylinder with greater = × [357.91 – 343] R2 = = 144 cm 3 Solution:
volume has greater total surface area. 3 7 1 2 4 æ 1 ö
Volume = πr h πr2 ç h1 + h2 ÷ = 6000 In hemisphere , r = 7 cm 7 13
(iii) find the ratios of the volumes of the = 62.48 cm3 3 R = 12 cm è 3 ø In cylinder, r = 7 cm, h = 6 cm 7
cylinders A and B. But, weight of brass in 1 cm3 = 17.3 gm 1 22 The ineer surface are of the sphere
= × ×10 ×10 ×15 22 2100 æ 1 ö
Pa

Pa
Volume of the vessel = Volume of the cylinder +
Total weight = 17.3 ×62.48 = 1080.90 gm 3 7 = 324 π cm2 × ç 8 + h2 ø÷ = 6000 [Using (1)]
è
7 11 3 Volume of hemisphere
Therefore, total weight is 1080.90 grams = 1571.43 cu.metre. 4πr2 = 324π 1 6000 ´ 7 ´ 11
2
8. A
cylindrical glass with diameter 20 cm has
The petrol in the container is release at the rate
r2 =
324
= 81cm
8 + h2 =
3 22 ´ 2100 = πr2h + πr3 = πr2 æç h + 2 r ö÷
of 25 cu.metre per minute. 4 3 è 3 ø
= 10
w.

w.
water to a height of 9 cm. A small cylindrical r = 9 cm 22 æ 2 ö
metal of radius 5 cm and height 4 cm is The required time for the container will be 1 = × 7 × 7 × ç 6 + ´ 7÷
Solution: 1570 D Volume of the hollow sphere h = 10 – 8 = 2 7 è 3 ø
immersed it completely. Calculate the raise emptied = = 62.8 minutes [ T= ] 3 2
i) Volume of cylinder = πr2h cu.units 4 h2 = 6 14
of the water in the glass? 25 S
= π[R3 – r3] cu.units = 22 × 7 × éê6 + ùú
ww

ww
SEP-20
22 7 7 Hence the required time = 63 minutes 3 Therefore, the height of the conical tent is h2 is ë 3û
Volume of cylinder A = × × × 21 Solution:
7 2 2 11. A
right angled triangle whose sides are 6 cm, 4 22 6m
In cylindrical glass r1 = 10 cm, = × [123 – 93] 32
= 808.5 m3 8 cm and 10 cm is revolved about the sides 3 7 14. A funnel consists of a frustum of a cone = 22 × 7 ×
Height of water raised in the glass = h1 3
22 21 21 containing the right angle in two ways. Find 4 22 attached to a cylindrical portion 12 cm long
Volume of cylinder B = × × ×7 = × × 33 × (43 – 33) = 1642.67 cm3
7 2 2 In cylindrical metal r2 = 5 cm, h2 = 4 cm the difference in volumes of the two solids so 3 7 attached at the bottom. If the total height be Hence, the capacity of the vessel is
= 2425.5 cm3 The volume of the water raised formed. 4 ´ 22 ´ 9 88 ´ 9 ´ 37 20 cm, diameter of the cylindrical portion
= ×(64 – 27) = 1642.67 cm3
Therefore, volume of cylinder B is greater that = Volume of the cylindrical metal Solution: 7 7 be 12 cm and the diameter of the top of the
volume of cylinder A πr12h1= πr22h2 = 4186.29 cu.cm3 funnel be 24 cm. Find the outer surface area 16. Nathan, an engineering student was asked to
Hence, the volume of the material needed is of the funnel. make a model shaped like a cylinder with two
ii) T.S.A of cylinder = 2πr(h+r)sq.units r 2h 5´5´4 cones attached at its two ends. The diameter
h1 = 2 2 = =1 4186.29 cu.cm 3 Solution:
22 7 r12 10 ´ 10 of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm.
T.S.A of cylinder A = 2 × × ×(21+3.5) Let h1, h2 be the heights of the
7 2 Hence, If each cone has a height of 2 cm, find the
frustum and cylinder respectively.
= 22(24.5) the height of water raised in the glass = 1cm From the given, in right angled triangle ABC, volume of the model that Nathan made.
Let R, r be the top and bottom
= 539 cm 2 MAY-22
AB = 8, BC = 6, AC = 10 B=90°

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

143 144 145
Solution: 18. A
solid consisting of a right circular cone of 20. A
metallic sphere of radius 16 cm is melted 125 – r3 = 98 25. S
eenu’s house has an overhead tank in the 27. A solid sphere of radius 6 cm is melted into a
height 12 cm and radius 6 cm standing on a and recast into small spheres each of radius r3 = 27 shape of a cylinder. This is filled by pumping hollow cylinder of uniform thickness. If the
hemisphere of radius 6 cm is placed upright 2 cm. How many small spheres can be water from a sump (underground tank) external radius of the base of the cylinder is
r3 = 33
in a right circular cylinder full of water such obtained? which is in the shape of a cuboid. The sump 5 cm and its height is 32 cm, then find the
that it touches the bottom. Find the volume r = 3 has dimensions 2 m × 1.5 m × 1 m. The thickness of the cylinder.
Solution: Internal Diameter of the sphere overhead tank has its radius of 60 cm and
of the water displaced out of the cylinder, if Solution:
Cylinder the radius of the cylinder is 6 cm and height Let the number of small spheres obtained be n. = 2(r) = 2(3) = 6 cm height 105 cm. Find the volume of the water
3 Sphere
Diameter d = 3 cm, Radius r = cm is 18 cm. Let r be the radius of each small sphere and R 23. A conical flask is full of water. The flask has left in the sump after the overhead tank has
2 Radius, r = 6 cm
Height h1 = 12 – (2+2) = 8 cm Solution: be the radius of metallic sphere. base radius r units and height h units, the been completely filled with water from the
water is poured into a cylindrical flask of Hollow Cylinder
Cone Here, R = 16 cm, r = 2 cm sump which has been full, initially.
18

3 base radius xr units. Find the height of water External Radius R = 5cm,
Radius r = cm, height h1 = 2 cm Now, n × (Volume of a small sphere) Solution:
2 in the cylindrical flask. height, h = 32, r =?
= Volume of big metallic sphere Overhead Tank (Cylinder)
Volume of the model Solution: Volume of hollow cylinder
In cylinder, r = 6cm, h1 = 18 cm. 4 radius, r = 60 cm, height, h = 105 cm
= Volume of the cylinder + Volume of 2 cones n æç 4 p r 3 ö÷ = πR3 In conical flask, Radius = r, Height = h. = volume of sphere
et

et
In Cone, r = 6cm, h2 = 12cm; Cuboid l = 2m = 200cm,
1 è3 ø 3 In Cylindrical Flask 4 3
= πr2 h1 + 2 πr2 h2 In hemisphere, r = 6cm b = 1.5m = 150cm, h = 1m = 100 cm π(R2–r2)h = πr
3 æ4 3ö 4 Radius = xr, Height = h1 3
The required Volume n ç p ´ 2 ÷ = π × 163 Volume of remaining water left in sump
i.N

i.N

i.N
1 è3 ø 3 Volume of water in cylindrical flask
= πr2 [h1 + 2 h2] = Volume of Cone + Volume of hemisphere = Volume of water in sump(cuboid) 4
3 8n = 4096 gives n = 512 = Volume of water in Conical Flask π(52–r2)32 = π×6×6×6
2 1 2 1 2 – Volume of water Overhead tank (Cylinder) 3
22 3 3 = πr2h2 + πr3 = πr (h2 + 2r)
= × × [8 + × 2]
7 2 2 3 3 3 3 Therefore, there will be 512 small spheres. π(xr)2 h1 = 1 πr2h = l × b × h – πr2h (25 – r2) = 4 ´ 6 ´ 6 ´ 6
1 3
la

la
22

la
22 22 ´ 36 ´ 24 21. A
n aluminium sphere of radius 12 cm is 3 ´ 32
11
= × × 6 × 6 × (12 + 12) = r 2h = 200 × 150 × 100 – × 60 × 60 × 105
22 9 4 3 7 21 melted to make a cylinder of radius 8 cm. x2r2 h1 = 7 25 – r2 = 9 25 – 9 = r2
= ´ [8 + ] 32
7 4 3 = 905.14 Find the height of the cylinder. r h h = 3000000 – 1188000 r2 = 16 r = 4
sa

sa
2
Solution: h1 = = 2 = 1812000 cm = 1812 Litres
3
Hence, the volume of water displaced out is 3x 2 r 2 3x Thickness of Cylinder
33
é 2 ù
99 ê 28 ú 905.14 cm3 In Sphere, r1 = 12 cm, The height of the water in the cylindrical 26. T
he internal and external diameter of a = R – r = 5 – 4 = 1 cm
= = 66 cm3
14 ê 3 ú 19. A
capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with In Cylinder, r2 = 8 cm h hollow hemispherical shell are 6 cm and 10
da

da
ëê ûú flask is 2
two hemisphere stuck to each of its ends. If Volume of the cylinder 3x cm respectively. If it is melted and recast into
17. F
rom a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm the length of the entire capsule is 12 mm and = Volume of sphere 24. Water is flowing at the rate of 15 km per a solid cylinder of diameter 14 cm, then find ***
and the diameter 1.4 cm, a cone of the same the diameter of the capsule is 3 mm, how 4 hour through a pipe of diameter 14 cm into the height of the cylinder.
height and same diameter is carved out. πr22 h = πr13
Pa

Pa
much medicine it can hold? 3 a rectangular tank which is 50 m long and Solution:
Find the volume of the remaining solid to the 4 44 m wide. Find the time in which the level of Hollow Hemisphere
Solution: r22 h = r13
nearest cm3. water in the tanks will rise by 21 cm.
3 External Diameter = 10 cm; Radius, R = 5 cm
Solution: Solution:
4 ´ 12 ´ 12 ´ 12 Internal Diameter = 6 cm; Radius, r = 3 cm
h = = 36 cm
w.

w.
In a solid cylinder, r = 0.7cm, h = 2.4cm Cylinder (Pipe) Cuboid Tank
3´8´8 Cylinder
and a cone carved out, its r = 0.7cm, Height of the cylinder = 36 cm Diameter, R= 14cm Length = 50 m Diameter = 14 cm
h = 2.4cm. 3
In cylindrical part, Radius = mm, 22. A
solid right circular cone of diameter 14 cm Radius, r = 7 cm Width , b= 44 m Radius, r = 7 cm
ww

ww
Then the required volume 2 7
Height = 9 mm
3
and height 8 cm is melted to form a hollow r= m Height, h= 21 m Height, h = ?
= Volume of the Cylinder – Volume of the Cone In hemisphere part, Radius = mm sphere. If the external diameter of the sphere 100 100
1
Volume of the cylinder
1 2
= πr2h – πr2h = πr2h æç1 - ö÷ The required volume is 10 cm, find the internal diameter. Speed of the water
= Volume of the Hollow hemisphere
3 è 3ø Solution: = 15 km/ hour = 15000 m/hour
= Volume of cylinder + (2 × Volume of 2
22 0.8 2 Volume of water left out from the pipe in time πr2h = π(R3 – r3)
= × (0.7)2 × 2.4 ´ hemisphere Diameter of the cone = 14 cm, 3
7 3 T = Volume of the rectangular tank 2
2 2´2 ö Radius of the cone = 7 cm,
=
22
× 0.49 × 0.8 × 2 = πr2h+2 × πr3 = πr2 çæ h + ´ r÷ Base Area × time × speed = l × b × h
π × 7 ×7 × h = π(53 – 33)
3 è 3 ø Height of the cone h = 8 cm 3
7 32 πr2 × T × Speed = l × b × h 2
22 æ 2´ 2 3 ö Diameter of the sphere = 10 cm 7 ×7 × h = (125 – 27)
22 7 1 22 ´ 7 ´ 8 ´ 2 = × 2 × ç9 + ´ ÷ 11

= ´ 49 ´ 8 ´ 2 ´ = 7 2 è 3 2 ø 4 22 7 7 3 3
7 1000 1000 22 ´ 9 ´ 11 π(R3–r3) = 1 πr2 h ´ ´ ´ T ´ 15 0 00 2 98
125 = = 77.785 mm3 3 3 7 10 0 100 22 21 h = ×
154 ´ 2 308 7´4 4
2
= 50 ´ 44 ´ 3 7´7
=
125
=
125
= 2.464 cm3
Hence, the volume of the medicine in the π(53–r3) = 1 π × 7 × 7 × 8 22 ´ 21 100
3 3 T= ; T = 2 hours 2 4
Hence, the volume of the remaining solid is capsule can hold is 77.785 mm3 11 ´ 7 ´ 3 Height of Cylinder, h = = 1.33cm
125 – r3 = 7 ´ 7 ´ 8 3
2.464 cm3 4
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com www.Padasalai.Net n( B) 10 www.Trb Tnpsc.Com
n( B) = 10
n( S ) 100
n( S ) 100
10th Std - Mathematics n(C ) 4 Stage - 2
146 147 n(C ) = 4
n( S ) 100
n( S ) 100= P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – P(AÇB) –
P(AÈBÈC)
n(Y ) 80 5 2 2 1

8 Statistics and Probability \ P(Y) = n(Y ) = 80

n( S ) = 200
5 2 2 1
P(BÇC) – P(AÇC)
100 100 100 100
100 100 100 100
+ P(ABÇC)
No. of red nflowers
n((SR)) 200 n(R)
70 = 70 50 10 4 5 2 2 1
n( R ) = 70 = 50 + + 10 + 4 - 5 - 2 - 2 + 1
\ P(R) = nn((YS )) = 200
80 100 100 + 100 - 100 - 100 - 100 + 100
5 Marks STAGE 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
2 σ =
Sd 2
=
164 n
( S ) = 70
n80
( S )
200 150 3
200
65 9 56 14
65 - 9 = 56 = 14
1. F
ind the coefficient of variation of = 20.5 = 4.527 Y and R are 80 + 70exclusive
mutually = 150 = 3
n 8 = 100 - 100 = 100 = 25
24, 26, 33, 37, 29, 31. n200
P(YÈR) = P(Y) ( R )+ 20070 = 200 = 4 100 100 100 25
Coefficient of Variation 200 +=P(R) 200 200 4
Solution: n( S ) 200
Probability of drawing either a yellow or red flower 6. I f A, B, C are any three events such that
s 4.527
x d=x– x d2 = × 100% = × 100% = 10.07 % 80 70 150 3 probability of B is twice as that of probability
x 45 P(YÈR) = + = =
200 200 200 4 of A and probability of C is thrice as that of
24 –6 36 3. A coin is tossed thrice. Find the probability 1
26 –4 16 of getting exactly two heads or atleast one 5. I n an apartment, in selecting a house from probability of A and if P(A B) = , P(B C)
1 1 69
33 3 9 tail or two consecutive heads. door numbers 1 to 100 randomly, find the = , P(A C) = , P(A B C) = , P(A

et
37 7 49 Solution: probability of getting the door number of 4 1 8 10
the house to be an even number or a perfect B C) = , then find P(A), P(B) and P(C)?
29 –1 1 S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, 15
square number or a perfect cube number.
HTT}

i.N

i.N
31 1 1 Solution:
Solution:
180 Σd=0 112 n(S) = 8 P(B) = 2 P(A) ..... (1)
Total number of houses n(S) = 100
A = Exactly 2 Heads Let P(C) = 3 P(A) ..... (2)
Sx 180 Let A be the event of getting door number even.
Mean = x = = = 30 A = {HHT, HTH, THH} 1
n 6

la
A = {2, 4, 6, 8, ........ 100} and P(A B) = ,
Standard Deviation, n(A) = 3 n(A) = 50 6
3 n( A) 50 1 1
Sd 2 112 P(A) = P(B C) = , P(A C)= ,

sa
σ = = = 18.66 = 4.32 8 \ P(A) = = 4 8
n 6 n( S ) 100
B = Atleaset one tail 9 1
Let B be the n( Bevent
) 10 of getting door number P(A B C) = , P(A B C) =
Coefficient of Variation B = {HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, HTT} = 10 15
s 432 perfect square n( S ) 100 P(A B C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) –
da

da
= × 100% = × 100% n(B) = 7 n( A) 50
A = {1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100}
30 nn((C = 4
x
P(B) =
7
n(A) = 10 S )) = 100 P(A B) – P(B C) – P(A C) + P(A B C)
= 14.4 % 8 n( S ) 100 9
n( B) 10 = P(A) + 2P(A) + 3P(A)
C = Consecutively 2 heads \ P(A) = 5 = 10
2. T
he time taken (in minutes) to complete a n( S ) 2 1002 1
Pa

Pa
C = {HHH, HHT,THH} n( A)100 50 1 1 1 1
homework by 8 students in a day are given 100 = 100 100 n ( A ) 50 – – – +
Let C be the nn((C event
) 100 of
4 getting door number = 6 4 8 15
by 38, 40, 47, 44, 46, 43, 49, 53. Find the 3 50 S ) = 10 4 5 2 2 1
n(C) = 3 P(C) = perfect cube n( S )+ 100+ - - - n( S ) + 100 9 æ 4 + 6 + 3 ö 1
coefficient of variation. 8 n( B ) 100
100 10 100 100 100 100 100 = 6P(A) – ç +
3 2 A = {1, 5( S8, =27, 64} n( B) 10 10 è 24 ÷ø 15
P(A B) = ; P( B C) = n65 ) 2 100
9
2 1
56 14 =
w.

w.
Solution: n(A) = 4100
8 8 - 100
100 = 100 = n( A)n( S )50 100 9 1
Arranging the numbers in ascending order we 2 n(C ) 1004 100 25
100 = 13
2 = 6P(A) – +
P(A C) = ; P( A B C) = \ P(A) = 50 =10 4 5 2n( S )n(2C100) 14 10 24 15
get 38, 40, 43, 44, 46, 47, 49, 53 8 8 n( S )+ 100+ - - - +=
100 100 100 100 n( A 100 )n100
)n( B50
( S )10 100
100 9 13 1
=
ww

ww
x d=x– x d2 P (A B C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – P(A B) – P(AÇB) = P5 2 2 1
65 9 56 14 n( S )n=( S100 ) 5 100 2 2 1 6P(A) = 10 + 24 – 15
38 –7 49 P( B C) – P( A C) + P( A B C) (getting even 100perfect- 100
100 =square
100 =number) =
7
100 100 100 25 n(C )100 100 4 100 100 216 - 16 + 130
40 –5 25 3 3 3 2 2 2 P(BÇC) = 50 P 10 4 5 n( B)2 = 10=2 1 6P(A) =
= + + – – – + + + - - n( S-) 50 100 + 10 4 5 2 2402 1
43 –2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 100perfect
(getting even 100 square
100 nand
100 n( S100
( A)perfect) cube
50 100100 + 100 + - - - +
15 - 7 8 = 5 100 2 2100 1 100 100 330 100 100 33 11 100
44 –1 1 = = =1 number) 65 - 9 = 56 =n14 ( S ) n(C100
) = 465
= 100 - 9 56 14 = 240 = 24 = 8
8 8 100 100 100 n25 100 100 100
= =
46 1 1 ( B) n( S10) 100
4. A flower is selected at random from a basket P(AÇC) = P = 50 100 10 1004 1005 25 211 21
- P(A)- = -× ; P(A)
1
=
11
47 2 4 n( S ) 5 100 2 +2 1+ +
containing 80 yellow, 70 red and 50 white (getting even perfect cube number) = 100 100 100 1008 100
100 6 100 48
49 4 16 flowers. Find the probability of selecting a n(C )100 100 465 1009100 56 14 11 11
P(AÇBÇC) = P = 10- 4= 5(1)
= 2P(B) = 2 2 × 1 = 24
53 8 64 yellow or red flower? n( S ) 50100 +
100 +
100 -
100 -25 - + 48
360 Σd = 0 164 (getting even perfect square and perfect 100 100 cube 100 100 100 100 100
Solution: 5 2 2 1 11 11
number) 65 =9 56 14(2) P(C) = 3 × =
Sx 360 Total number of flowers 100 100 100 - 100 = = 48 16
Mean = x = = = 45 100 100 100 25
n 8 n(S) = 80 + 70 + 50 = 200 Required probability 50 10 4 5 2 2 11 1 11 11
+ + - - P(A) - = + , P(B) = , P(C) =
Standard Deviation, No. of yellow flowers n(Y) = 80 100 100 100 100 100 100 48100 24 16
65 9 56 14
- = =
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt. 100 100 100 25
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10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1) iv. p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4 (x - y) 9 (a - b)6

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Minimum Material 10th Std - Mathematics

1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics 1 Marks

10th Std - Mathematics 1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics

1 Marks 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

x =x Solution: = g [3(3x + 1) + 1] = g(9x + 4) iii. (fog)oh = fo(goh)

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

2 Numbers and Sequences The divisors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. 3 5

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

GCD = (x + 1) ii) x 2- 11 x + 18 3x 2 - 2 x - 1 3x - 11x - 4 (i) x2 – x – 20 = 0

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

3 a – 2(3) + 4 = 0 1 1 a +b (iii) α2β and β2α k = –36

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

5 Coordinate Geometry the line joining A(5, 1) and P where P is the

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

AB AB 50 50m In ∆ABC, tan30° =

We get, 3 x = x+5 [From (1)] = 13[2.732] AB - Cell Phone Tower, x = 66 × 3

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

7 Mensuration Find the percentage increase in its surface

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics

Stage - 2 10th Std - Mathematics Stage - 2

8 Statistics and Probability \ P(Y) = n(Y ) = 80

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