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Lab 12

The document provides an overview of Python arrays, explaining their purpose, how to access and modify elements, and various built-in methods such as append(), pop(), and count(). It includes examples of reversing an array and counting occurrences of a specified element. Additionally, it clarifies that while Python does not have built-in support for arrays, lists can be used as an alternative.

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hamza zahid
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13 views9 pages

Lab 12

The document provides an overview of Python arrays, explaining their purpose, how to access and modify elements, and various built-in methods such as append(), pop(), and count(). It includes examples of reversing an array and counting occurrences of a specified element. Additionally, it clarifies that while Python does not have built-in support for arrays, lists can be used as an alternative.

Uploaded by

hamza zahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 12: Python Arrays

Arrays
Arrays are used to store multiple values in one single variable:
Create an array containing car names:
cars = ["Ford", "Volvo", "BMW"]
['Ford', 'Volvo', 'BMW']

What is an Array?
An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time.
If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single
variables could look like this:
car1 = "Ford"
car2 = "Volvo"
car3 = "BMW"
However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you
had not 3 cars, but 300?
The solution is an array!
An array can hold many values under a single name, and you can access the values by
referring to an index number.

Access the Elements of an Array


You refer to an array element by referring to the index number.
Get the value of the first array item:
x = cars[0]
Ford
Modify the value of the first array item:
cars[0] = "Toyota"
['Toyota', 'Volvo', 'BMW']

The Length of an Array


Use the len() method to return the length of an array (the number of elements in an array).
Return the number of elements in the cars array:
x = len(cars)
3
Note: The length of an array is always one more than the highest array index.
Looping Array Elements
You can use the for in loop to loop through all the elements of an array.
Print each item in the cars array:
for x in cars:
print(x)
Ford
Volvo
BMW

Adding Array Elements


You can use the append() method to add an element to an array.
Add one more element to the cars array:
cars.append("Honda")
['Ford', 'Volvo', 'BMW', 'Honda']

Removing Array Elements


You can use the pop() method to remove an element from the array.
Delete the second element of the cars array:
cars.pop(1)
['Ford', 'BMW']
You can also use the remove() method to remove an element from the array.
Delete the element that has the value "Volvo":
cars.remove("Volvo")
['Ford', 'BMW']
Note: The list's remove() method only removes the first occurrence of the specified value.

Array Methods
Python has a set of built-in methods that you can use on lists/arrays.

Method Description

append() Adds an element at the end of the list

clear() Removes all the elements from the list

copy() Returns a copy of the list


count() Returns the number of elements with the specified value

extend() Add the elements of a list (or any iterable), to the end of the current list

index() Returns the index of the first element with the specified value

insert() Adds an element at the specified position

pop() Removes the element at the specified position

remove() Removes the first item with the specified value

reverse() Reverses the order of the list

sort() Sorts the list

Note: Python does not have built-in support for Arrays, but Python Lists can be used
instead.

Tasks

• Write a Python program to reverse the order of the items in the array.

• Write a Python program to get the number of occurrences of a specified element in


an array.
LAB 12

Q1: Write a Python program to reverse the order of the


items in the array and also give explanations in python
Ans :
CODE

# Define the array (or list)


arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# Print the original array


print("Original array:", arr)

# Reverse the array using slicing


reversed_arr = arr[::-1]
# Print the reversed array
print("Reversed array:", reversed_arr)

OUTPUT :
Original array: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Reversed array: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

Explanation :
Array Definition:
➢In Python, an array is usually represented as a
list. We start by defining a list called arr that
contains five numbers: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
Slicing for Reversing:
➢The key part of reversing the array is using
slicing with the notation [::-1].
Here's how it works:
➢The general syntax for slicing is
arr[start:end:step].
➢start specifies the index where to begin, end
specifies where to stop, and step controls how
the elements are accessed.
➢When start and end are omitted and step is set
to -1, the entire array is traversed backward,
effectively reversing it.

Q2 : Write a Python program to get the


number of occurrences of a specified element
in an array. and also give explanations to code
Ans :

CODE :
# Define the array (or list)
arr = [1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5]

# Specify the element you want to count


element = 2
# Count the occurrences of the specified
element using the count() method
occurrences = arr.count(element)

# Print the result


print(f"The element {element} appears
{occurrences} times in the array.")

OUTPUT :

The element 2 appears 3 times in the array.

Explanation

Array Definition:
We start by defining a list called arr. In this
example, the list is [1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5], which
contains the number 2 multiple times.

Specifying the Element:

We specify the element we want to count in


the list. In this case, we want to count how
many times the number 2 appears. The
variable element holds the value

2.Using the count() Method:

Python lists have a built-in method called


.count() that returns the number of
occurrences of a specified element in the list.
Here, we call arr.count(element), which
returns the number of times 2 appears in the
list arr.
Printing the Result:

Finally, we print the result, showing how many


times the specified element (element = 2)
appears in the list arr.

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