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4 - Numerical Mod1

The document contains a series of numerical problems related to optical fibers, specifically focusing on step index and graded index fibers. It includes calculations for numerical aperture, relative refractive index, acceptance angle, guided modes, and cutoff wavelength for single-mode operation. Each problem is presented with given parameters and derived formulas to find the required values.

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Harish Krishnan.P
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75 views22 pages

4 - Numerical Mod1

The document contains a series of numerical problems related to optical fibers, specifically focusing on step index and graded index fibers. It includes calculations for numerical aperture, relative refractive index, acceptance angle, guided modes, and cutoff wavelength for single-mode operation. Each problem is presented with given parameters and derived formulas to find the required values.

Uploaded by

Harish Krishnan.P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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N umerical

⦁ A step index fiber has n1=1.44 and n2=1.40. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Relative refractive index

c) Acceptance angle

1 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index fiber has n1=1.44 and n2=1.40. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Relative refractive index

c) Acceptance angle

NA  n12  n22  0.337


n1  n2
  0.0277
n1

 a  sin 1 ( NA)  19.690

2 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ The refractive index of the core of the step index fiber is 1.46 and the
relative refractive index is 2%. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Critical angle

3 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ The refractive index of the core of the step index fiber is 1.46 and the
relative refractive index is 2%. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Critical angle

NA  n1 2  0.292
n1  n2

n1
n2  1.4308
1  n2 
c  sin    78.520
 n1 
4 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT
N umerical
⦁ A graded index fiber has a core with parabolic index profile which has a
diameter of 50 μm. The fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.2. Estimate the
total number of guided modes in fiber at 1 μm wavelength.

5 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A graded index fiber has a core with parabolic index profile which has a
diameter of 50 μm. The fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.2. Estimate the
total number of guided modes in fiber at 1 μm wavelength.

2a
V n12  n22  31.4

   V 2
V 2
M     246.49
  2  2 4

6 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index fiber in air has a numerical aperture of 0.16, a core refractive
index of 1.45 and core diameter of 60 μm. Determine the normalized
frequency of the fiber when input light transmitted at the wavelength of
0.82 μm. Estimate the number of guided modes.

7 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index fiber in air has a numerical aperture of 0.16, a core refractive
index of 1.45 and core diameter of 60 μm. Determine the normalized
frequency of the fiber when input light transmitted at the wavelength of
0.82 μm. Estimate the number of guided modes.

2a
V n  n  36.76
2 2


1 2

V2
M  376
2

8 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index fiber has a normalized frequency of V=26.6 at 1300 nm
wavelength. If the core radius is 25 μm, what is the numerical aperture?

9 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index fiber has a normalized frequency of V=26.6 at 1300 nm
wavelength. If the core radius is 25 μm, what is the numerical aperture?


NA  V  0.22
2a

10 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A multimode step-index fiber with a core diameter of 80 μm and a relative
index difference of 1.5 % is operating at a wavelength of 0.85 μm. If the
core refractive index is 1.48, estimate (a) the normalized frequency for the
fiber; (b) the number of guided modes.

11 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A multimode step-index fiber with a core diameter of 80 μm and a relative
index difference of 1.5 % is operating at a wavelength of 0.85 μm. If the
core refractive index is 1.48, estimate (a) the normalized frequency for the
fiber; (b) the number of guided modes.

2a
V n1 2  75.8

V2
M  2873
2

12 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ Determine the cutoff wavelength for a step-index fiber to exhibit single-
mode operation when the core refractive index is 1.46 and the core radius
is 4.5 μm, with the relative index difference of 0.25 %.

13 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ Determine the cutoff wavelength for a step-index fiber to exhibit single-
mode operation when the core refractive index is 1.46 and the core radius
is 4.5 μm, with the relative index difference of 0.25 %.

2a
c  n1 2  1214nm
V

14 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index multi mode fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.2 supports
approximately 1000 modes at an 850 nm wavelength.
(a). Calculate the fiber core diameter
(b). How many modes does the fiber support at 1320 nm?
(c). How many modes does the fiber support at 1550 nm?

15 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A step index multi mode fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.2 supports
approximately 1000 modes at an 850 nm wavelength.
(a). Calculate the fiber core diameter
(b). How many modes does the fiber support at 1320 nm?
(c). How many modes does the fiber support at 1550 nm?

16 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ Find the core radius necessary for the single mode operation at 1320 nm of
the step index fiber with n 1 =1.480 and n 2 =1.478. Also, determine the NA
and the maximum acceptance angle of the fiber.

17 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ Find the core radius necessary for the single mode operation at 1320 nm of
the step index fiber with n 1 =1480 and n 2 =1.478. Also, determine the NA and
the maximum acceptance angle of the fiber.

NA  n12  n22  0.077

 a  sin 1 ( NA)  4.40

18 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A silica fiber with a core diameter is large enough to be considered for ray
theory analysis has a core refractive index of 1.5 and cladding refractive
index of 1.47. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Critical and acceptance angle

19 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A silica fiber with a core diameter is large enough to be considered for ray
theory analysis has a core refractive index of 1.5 and cladding refractive
index of 1.47. Find

a) Numerical Aperture

b) Critical and acceptance angle

NA  n12  n22  0.3

 a  sin 1 ( NA)  17.40

 n2 
c  sin    78.50
1

 n1 
20 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT
N umerical
⦁ A typical relative refractive index difference for an optical fiber is 1%.
Estimate the NA and solid acceptance angle in air when the core index is
1.46. Further calculate the critical angle at the core cladding interface
within the fiber.

21 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT


N umerical
⦁ A typical relative refractive index difference for an optical fiber is 1%.
Estimate the NA and solid acceptance angle in air when the core index is
1.46. Further calculate the critical angle at the core cladding interface
within the fiber.

NA  n1 2  0.21

 a  sin 1 ( NA)  12.20

 n2 
c  sin    81.90
1

 n1 

22 Dr. T.Ilavarasan, Associate Professor,SENSE, VIT

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