Lesson 10: secondary growth

1. The roots and stems grow in length with the help of:
(a) cambium (b) secondary growth (c) apical meristem (d) vascular parenchyma
2. The increase in the girth of plant is called:
(a) primary growth (b) tertiary growth (c) longitudinal growth (d) secondary growth
3. The secondary vascular tissues include:
(a) secondary xylem and secondary phloem
(b) secondary xylem, cambium strip and secondary phloem
(c) secondary phloem and fascicular cambium
(d) secondary xylem and primary phloem
4. 4. Choose the correct statements.
(i) A strip of vascular cambium is present between xylem and phloem of the vascular bundle.
(ii) Vascular cambium is believed originate from fusiform initials.
(iii) The vascular cambium is originated from procambium of vascular bundle
(iv) Vascular cambium is present between fusiform initials and ray initials

(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

5. Match the following:

A. Xylem i. Treachery elements

B. Secondary xylem ii. Water transport

C. Phloem iii. Sieve elements

D. Secondary Phloem iv. Food transport

(a) B – (i); A – (ii); C – (iii); D – (iv) (b) B – (ii); A – (iii); C – (i); D – (iv)
(c) A – (ii); B – (i); C – (iv); D – (iii) (d) A – (i); B – (ii); C – (iii); D – (iv)

6. The axial system of the secondary xylem includes:

(a) treachery elements, sieve elements, fibers and axial parenchyma
(b) treachery elements, fibers and axial parenchyma
(c) treachery elements and fibers
(d) sieve elements and axial parenchyma

7. The study of wood by preparing sections for microscopic observation is termed as:
(a) histology (b) xylotomy (c) phoemtomy (d) anatomy

8. Ray cells are present between:

(a) primary xylem and phloem (b) primary xylem and secondary xylem
(c) secondary xylem and phloem (d) secondary phloem and cambium

9. The axial system Consists of vertical files of:

(a) treachery elements and sieve elements
(b) treachery elements and apical parenchyma
(c) sieve elements are fibers
(d) treachery elements, fibers and wood parenchyma

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10. Morus rubra has:
(a) porous wood (b) soft wood (c) spring wood (d) sap wood

11. Which of the statement is not correct?

(a) In temperate regions, the cambium is very active in winter season.
(b) In temperate regions, the cambium is very active in spring season.
(c) In temperate regions, cambium is less active in winter season.
(d) In temperate regions early wood is formed in spring season.

12. Usually more distinct annual rings are formed:

(a) in tropical plants (b) in seashore plants
(c) in temperate plants (d) in desert plants

13. False annual rings are formed due to:

(a) rain (b) adverse natural calamities (c) severe cold (d) none of the above

14. determination of the age of a tree by counting the annual rings is called:
(a) chronology (b) dendrochronology (c) palaeology (d) histology

15. The age of American sequoiadendron tree is about:

(a) 350 years (b) 3,000 years (c) 3400 years (d) 3500 years

16. The wood of Acer plant has:

(a) ring porous (b) diffuse porous (c) central porous (d) none of the above

17. In fully developed tyloses:

(a) only starchy crystals are present (b) resin and gums only are present
(c) oil and tannins are present
(d) starchy crystals, resins, gums, oils, tannins or colored substances are present

18. In bombax:
(a) the sieve tubes are blocked by tylose like outgrowths
(b) the resin ducts are blocked by tylose like outgrowths
(c) the phloem tube is blocked by tylose like out growths
(d) none of the above

19. Which of the statement is not correct?

(a) Sap wood and heart wood can be distinguished in the secondary xylem
(b) Sap wood is paler in colour
(c) Heart wood is darker in colour
(d) The sap wood conducts minerals, while the heart wood conduct water

20. Timber from heart wood is:

(a) more fragile and resistant to the attack of insects
(b) more durable and more resistant to the attack of micro organism and insects
(c) more hard and less resistant to the attack of micro organism
(d) less durable and more resistant to the attack of micro organism and insects

21. The dye, haematoxylin is obtained from:

(a) the heart wood of haematoxylum campechianum
(b) the sap wood of haematoxylum campechianum

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(c) cambium cells of haematoxylum campechianum
(d) the seeds of haematoxylum campechianum

22. Canada balsam is produced from:

(a) Pisum sativum (b) resin of Arjuna plant
(c) Abies balsamea (d) the root of Vinca rosea

23. Some commercially important phloem or bast fibres are obtained from:
(a) banana (b) bamboo (c) vinca rosea (d) cannabis sativa

24. Phellogen comprises:

(a) homogeneous sclerenchyma cells
(b)homogeneous meristamatic cells
(c) homogeneous collenchyma cells
(d) none of the above cells

25. Phelloderm is otherwise called as:

(a) primary cortex (b) cork wood (c) secondary cortex (d) rhytidome

26. Lenticel is helpful in:

(a) transportation of food (b) photosynthesis
(c) exchanges of gases and transpiration (d) transportation of water

27. The antimalarial compound quinine is, extracted from:

(a) seeds of cinchona (b) bark of cinchona
(c) leaves of cinchona (d) flowers of cinchona

28. Gum Arabic is obtained from:

(a) Hevea brasiliensis (b) Acacia Senegal (c) Pinus (d) Dilonix regia

29. Turpentine used as thinner of paints is obtained from:

(a) Acacia Senegal (b) Vinca rosea (c) Hevea brasiliensis (d) Pinus

30.Rubber is obtained from:

(a) Bombax mori (b) Hevea brasiliensis (c) Quercus suber (d) Morus rubra

Lesson 9: tissue and tissue system

1. Who is the father of plant anatomy?

(a) David Muller (b) Katherine Esau (c) Nehemiah Grew (d) Hofmeister
2. The study of internal structure and organisation of plant is called:
(a) plant taxonomy (b) plant anatomy (c) plant physiology (d) plant ecology
3. The book “Anatomy of seed plants” is written by:
(a) Hanstein (b) Schmidt (c) Nicholsen (d) Katherine Esau
4. The term meristem is coined by:
(a) Nageli (b) Robert (c) Stevers (d) Clowes
5. Which of the statement is not correct?
(a) Meristematic cells are self perpetuating
(b) Meristematic cells are most actively dividing cells

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 (c) Meristematic cells have large vacuoles
(d) Meristematic cells have dense cytoplasm with prominent nucleus
6. Apical cell theory is proposed by:
(a) David brown (b) Hofmeister (c) Land mark (d) Clowes
7. The tunica is:
(a) the peripheral zone of shoot apex, that forms cortex
(b) the inner zone of shoot apex, that forms stele
(c) the peripheral zone of shoot apex, that forms epidermis
(d) the inner zone of shoot apex, that forms cortex and stele
8. Which of the histogens gives rise to root cap?
(a) Plerome (b) Periblem (c) Dermatogen (d) Calyptrogen
9. Quiescent centre concept was proposed by:
(a) Lindall (b) Clowes (c) Holstein (d) Sanio
10. Parenchyma cells which stores resin, tannins, calcium carbonate and calcium oxalate are
termed as:
(a) critoblast (b) chromoblasts (c) idioblasts (d) astroblasts
11. Petioles of banana is composed of:
(a) storage parenchyma (b) stellate parenchyma
(c) angular collenchyma (d) prosenchyma
12. Which of the following statement is not correct?
(a) Sclerenchyma is a dead cell (b) It lacks protoplasm
(c) The cell walls of these cells are uniformly thickened
(d) Sclerenchyma are actively dividing cells
13. The seed coat of ground nut is made up of:
(a) stone cells (b) osteosclereids (c) macrosclereids (d) parenchyma cells
14. Plant fibers are modified:
(a) sclerenchyma cells (b) collenchyma cells
(c) parenchyma cells (d) none of the above
15. The term xylem was introduced by:
(a) Alexander (b) Nageli (c) Holstein (d) Schemidt
16. What type of xylem arrangement is seen in Selaginella sp?
(a) Endarch (b) Exarch (c) Centrarch (d) Mesarch
17. In cross section, the tracheids are:
(a) hexagonal in shape (b) rectangular in shape
(c) triangular in shape (d) polygonal in shape
18. In grasses the guard cells in stoma are:
(a) bean shaped (b) irregular shaped
(c) dumbbell shaped (d) bell shaped
19. Bulliform cells are present in:
(a) mango (b) grasses (c) ground nut (d) potato
20. The sunken stomata:
(a) reduce water loss by transpiration
(b) increase water loss by transpiration
(c) increase heat loss by evaporation
(d) neither reduce nor increase water loss by transpiration
21. In Ocimum the trichomes are:
(a) non – glandular (b) fibrous (c) glandular (d) none of these

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22. In dicot stem, the hypodermis is generally:
(a) parenchymatous (b) sclerenchymatous
(c) collenchymatous (d) none of these
23. Casparian strips contain thickenings of:
(a) calcium carbonate and calcium oxalate
(b) carbohydrate, protein and lignin
(c) crystal of calcium oxalate
(d) lignin, suberin and some other carbohydrates
24. Indicate the correct statement:
(a) Albuminous cells in gymnosperms are a nucleated parenchyma cells.
(b) Albuminous cells in gymnosperms are nucleated collenchyma cells.
(c) Albuminous cells in gymnosperms are nucleated, thin walled parenchyma cells.
(d) Albuminous cells in gymnosperms are a nucleated sclerenchyma cells..
25. Secondary phloem is derived from:
(a) apical meritesm (b) vascular cambium
(c) primary phloem (d) none of the above
26. Which of the following statement is not correct?
(a) The outer most layer of the root is called piliferous layer.
(b) The chief function of piliferous layer is protection.
(c) Piliferous layer is made up of parenchyma cells with intracellular space.
(d) Piliferous layer is made up of parenchyma cells without intracellular space.
27. In beans, the metaxylem vessels are generally:
(a) polygonal in shape (b) circular in shape (c) rectangular in shape
(d) none of the above
28. Who discovered the Annular collenchyma?
(a) Clowes (b) Sanio (c) Nageli (d) Duchaigne
29. The main function of xylem is:
(a) to conduct the minerals to various parts of plants
(b) to conduct oxygen to various parts of plant body
(c) to conduct water and minerals from root to the other parts of the plant body
(d) to conduct stored food to various parts of plant body
30. In maize the vascular bundles are:
(a) scattered (b) concentric (c) excentric (d) radial
31. stomata in leaves of a plant are used for:
(a) transpiration (b) transpiration and gas exchange
(c) gas exchange (d) none of the above
32. Which of the statement is not correct?
(a) Palisade parenchyma cells are seen beneath the upper epidermis
(b) Palisade parenchyma cells contain more chloroplasts
(c) Palisade parenchyma cells are irregularly shaped
(d) The function of palisade parenchyma is photosynthesis
33. Spongy parenchyma cells are:
(a) irregularly shaped (b) elongated cylindrical cells
(c) very lightly arranged cells
(d) with more number of chloroplasts than palisade parenchyma

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34. The main function of spongy parenchyma is:
(a) photosynthesis (b) exchange of gases
(c) exchange of minerals (d) water transport
35. All mesophyll cells in monocot leaf are nearly:
(a) isodiametric and thick walled (b) irregular and thick walled
(c) isodiametric and thin walled (d) irregular and thin willed
36. Structurally, hydathodes are modified:
(a) cambium tissue (b) parenchyma (c) pith (d) stomata
37. Hydathodes occurs in the leaves of:
(a) desert plants (b) submerged aquatic plants
(c) floating aquatic weeds (d) forest trees

38. The process of guttation is seen in:

(a) grasses (b) dicot plants (c) desert plants (d) Nerium
39. Salt glands are present in:
(a) xerophytes (b) hydrophytes (c) halophytes (d) merophytes
40. The term sieve tubes is coined by:
(a) Schleiden (b) Hanstein (c) Tsehireh (d) Hartig

Lesson 8: Biomolecules

1. Who invented electron microscope?

(a) Janssen (b) Edison (c) Knoll and Ruska (d) Landsteiner
2. Specific proteins responsible for the flow of materials and information into the cell are
called …………… .
(a) Membrane receptors (b) carrier proteins (c) integral proteins
(d) none of these
3. Omnis – cellula – e – cellula was given by …………… .
(a) Virchow (b) Hooke (c) Leeuwenhoek (d) Robert Brown
4. Which of the following is responsible for the mechanical support, protein synthesis and
enzyme transport?
(a) cell membrane (b) mitochondria
(c) dictyosomes (d) endoplasmic reticulum
5. Genes present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are found in …………… .
(a) mitochondria and inherited via egg cytoplasm
(b) lysosomes and peroxisomes
(c) Golgi bodies and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Plastids inherited via male gametes
6. In which one the following would you expect to find glyoxysomes?
(a) Endosperm of wheat (b) Endosperm of castor
(c) Palisade cells in leaf (d) Root hairs
7. A quantosome is present in …………… .
(a) Mitochondria (b) Chloroplast (c) Golgi bodies (d) ER
8. In mitochondria the enzyme cytochrome oxidase is present in …………… .
(a) Outer mitochondrial membrane (b) inner mitochondrial membrane
(c) Stroma (d) Grana

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9. Which organelle is present in higher number in secretory cell?
(a) Mitochondria (b) Chloroplast (c) Nucleus (d) Dictyosomes
10. Major site for the synthesis of lipids …………… .
(a) Rough ER (b) smooth ER (c) Centriole (d) Lysosome
11. Golgi complex plays a major role in …………… .
(a) post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
(b) translation of proteins (c) Transcription of proteins (d) Synthesis of lipid
12. Main arena of various types of activities of a cell is …………… .
(a) Nucleus (b) Mitochondria (c) Cytoplasm (d) Chloroplast
13. The thylakoids in chloroplast are arranged in …………… .
(a) regular rings (b) linear array (c) diagonal direction (d) stacked discs
14. Sequences of which of the following is used to know the phylogeny rRNA?
(a) mRNA (b) rRNA (c) tRNA (d) Hn RNA
15. Structures between two adjacent cells which is an effective transport pathway?
(a) Plasmodesmata (b) Middle lamella (c) Secondary wall layer
(d) Primary wall layer
16. In active transport carrier proteins are used, which use energy in the form of ATP to
…………… .
(a) transport molecules against concentration gradient of cell wall
(b) transport molecules along concentration gradient of cell membrane
(c) transport molecules against concentration gradient of cell membrane
(d) transport molecules along concentration gradient of cell wall
17. The main organelle involved in modification and routing of newly synthesised protein to
their destinations is …………… .
(a) Mitochondria (b) Glyoxysomes (c) Spherosomes
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
18. Algae have cell wall made up of …………… .
(a) Cellulose, galactans and mannans (b) Cellulose, chitin and glucan
(c) Cellulose, Mannan and peptidoglycan
19. The percentage of water in the total cellular mass is …………… .
(a) 50% (b) 60% (c) 70% (d) 80%
20. The metabolites which does not show any direct function in growth is called ……………
metabolite.
(a) Primary (b) Secondary (c) Tertiary (d) Quarternary
21. Molecular formula for carbohydrates is …………… .
(a) (CH2O)2 (b) (CH6O) (C) (C2H2O)n (d) (CH6O)n
22. Number of carbon molecule in glucose is …………… .
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 12
23. Number of sugar units in oligo saccharides are …………… .
(a) 6 to 10 (b) 1 to 10 (c) 2 to 8 (d) 2 to 10
24. Which of the following is a trisaccharide?
(a) Maltose (b) Stachyose (c) Ramnose (d) Aldose
25. …………… are also called as Glycan.
(a) Monosaccharides (b) Disaccharides
(c) Polysaccharides (d) Multisaccharides

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26. Sucrose is a combination of …………… and fructose.
(a) α – glucose (b) β – glucose (c) Ketoses (d) Maltose
27. …………… is also called as animal starch.
(a) Amylose (b) Glycogen (c) Glucose (d) Glycerol
28. …………… reagent is used in starch test.
(a) Potassium permanganate (b) Potassium iodide
(c) Calcium chloride (d) Calcium iodide
29. Glycogen is not seen in …………… cells.
(a) liver (b) skeletal (c) muscle (d) brain
30. Benedicts solution is nothing but …………… .
(a) Copper II sulphate (b) Cuprous sulphate
(c) Cupric sulphate (d) Copper I sulphate
31. …………… is not a reducing sugar.
(a) Glucose (b) Fructose (c) Sucrose (d) Ketose
32. …………… form the exoskeleton of insects & arthropods.
(a) N – acetyl glucosamine (b) N – butyl glucosamine
(c) N – phenyl glucosamine (d) N – methyl glucosamine
33. Number of fatty acids in triglyceride is …………… .
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
34. The major structural component of cell membrane is …………… .
(a) glucolipids (b) phospholipids (c) proteolipids (d) triglycerides
35. There are …………… different amino acids existing naturally.
(a) about 20 (b) about 10 (c) about 25 (d) about 22
36. A zwitterion also called as …………… ion.
(a) dipolar (b) monopolar (c) tripolar (d) nonpolar
37. …………… test is used as an indicator of the presence of protein.
(a) Biuret test (b) Iodine test (c) Benedict’s test (d) Starch test
38. The competitive inhibitor is …………… for succinic dehydrogenase.
(a) malonate (b) succinate (c) oxalate (d) citrate
39. …………… is the abundant protein in whole biosphere.
(a) RUBP (b) NAD+ (c) NADPH (d) RUBISCO
40. …………… is an active enzyme with its non – protein component.
(a) Apoenzyme (b) Holoenzyme (c) Coenzymes (d) Enzymes
41. Flavin adenine dinucleotide contains …………… which helps to accept hydrogen.
(a) ascolac acid (b) cyanocobalamin (c) riboflavin (d) keratinine
42. …………… is a catalytic RNA.
(a) mRNA (b) Ribozyme (c) Ribonuclease (d) rRNA
43. …………… protects the end of the chromosomes from damage.
(a) Satellite (b) Kinetochore (c) Primary constriction (d) Telomere

44. Which is not a pyrimidine base?

(a) Cytosine (b) Uracil (c) Guanine (d) Thymine
45. Which type of DNA was described by Watson & Crick?
(a) Z – DNA (b) α – DNA (c) B – DNA (d) A – DNA
46. According to Chargaff’s rule, the hydrogen bonding between Adenine and Thymine is
…………… .
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) Nil

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47. The first clear crystallographic evidence for helical structure of DNA was produced
by …………… .
(a) Maurice Wilkins (b) Rosalind Franklin (c) Francis Crick (d) Chargaff
48. According to Cargaff’s rule, A : T = G : C = …………… .
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) >1 (d) <1
49. A complete turn of the helix comprises …………… .
(a) 34 nm (b) 3.4 nm (c) 20 nm (d) 2nm
50. Diameter of DNA helix is …………… .
(a) 34 Å (b) 20 nm (c) 34 nm (d) 20 Å
51. RNA is …………… .
(a) Single stranded and stable (b) Single stranded and unstable
(c) Double stranded and stable (d) Double stranded and unstable
52. rRNA constitutes …………… of total RNA.
(a) 20% (b) 70% (c) 80% (d) 15%
53. Shape to the ribosomes is provided by …………… .
(a) rRNA (b) tRNA (c) mRNA (d) DNA
54. Which RNA is also called as soluble RNA?
(a) rRNA (b) tRNA (c) mRNA (d) ssRNA
55. Which is the left – handed DNA?
(a) B – DNA (b) A – DNA (c) Z – DNA (d) dsDNA
56. Which of the following does not contain cell wall?
(a) Fungi (b) Bacteria (c) Mycoplasma (d) Algae
57. The amino acid which is both an acid and a base is called …………… .
(a) Amphibolic (b) Amphoteric (c) Amphipathetic (d) Anabolic
58. …………… leads to the loss of 3D structure of protein.
(a) Annealing (b) Extension (c) Denaturation (d) Polymerisation
59. Which of the following polysaccharides is used as solidifying agent in culture medium?
(a) Inulin (b) Heparin (c) Agar (d) Keratan sulphate
60. Which is an anticoagulant?
(a) Inulin (b) Heparin (c) Agar (d) Keratan sulphate
61. Insulin is a polymer of …………… .
(a) sucrose (b) fructose (c) glucose (d) maltose

Lesson 7: cell cycle

1. Most of the neurons in the brain are in …………… stage.
(a) G1 (b) S (c) G2 (d) G0
2. Short, constricted region in the chromosome is …………… .
(a) Kinetochore (b) Centromere (c) Satellite (d) Telomere
3. Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in the cells of …………… roots.
(a) Mirabilas (b) Orchid (c) Moringa (d) Oryza
4. Scientist who described chromosomes for the first time is …………… .
(a) Robert Brown (b) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
(c) Boveri (d) Anton Schneider
5. Number of chromosomes in onion cell is …………… .
(a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 32 (d) 64
6. Longest part of the cell cycle is …………… .
(a) Prophase (b) G1 Phase (c) Interphase (d) S phase

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7. Eukaryotic cells divides every …………… .
(a) 12 (b) 24 (c) 1 (d) 6
8. Cell cycle was discovered by …………… .
(a) Singer & Nicolson (b) Prevost & Dumans
(c) Schleider & Schwann (d) Boveri
9. G0 stage is called as …………… stage.
(a) Quiescent (b) Metabolically active (c) Synthesis of DNA (d) Replication
10. …………… protein acts as major check point in phase.
(a) Porins (b) Kinases (c) Cyclins (d) Ligases
11. Replication of DNA occurs at …………… phase.
(a) G0 (b) G1 (c) S (d) G2
12. Condensation of interphase chromosomes into mitotic forms is done by ……………
proteins.
(a) MPF (b) APF (c) AMF (d) MAF
13. Which of the following is also called as direct division?
(a) Amitosis (b) Meiosis (c) Mitosis (d) Reduction division
14. Cells of mammalian cartilage undergoes …………… .
(a) Amitosis (b) Meiosis (c) Mitosis (d) Equational division
15. Yeast cells undergo …………… .
(a) Open mitosis (b) Closed mitosis (c) Amitosis (d) Meiosis
16. …………… is the longest phase in mitosis.
(a) Anaphase (b) Telophase (c) Prophase (d) Interphase
17. The DNA protein complex present in the centromere is …………… .
(a) Cyclin (b) Kinesis (c) MPF (d) Kinetochore

18. …………… protein induces the break down of cohesion proteins leading to
chromatid separation during mitosis.
(a) APC (b) MPF (c) Cyclin (d) Kinetochore
19. Regeneration of arms of star fish is due to …………… .
(a) Meiosis (b) Amitosis (c) Mitosis (d) Budding
20. …………… is called as reduction division.
(a) Meiosis (b) Mitosis (c) Amitosis (d) Budding
21. Bivalents occur at …………… stage.
(a) Zygotene (b) Leptotene (c) Pachytene (d) Diplotene
22. Recombination of chromosomes occur at …………… .
(a) Zygotene (b) Leptotene (c) Pachytene (d) Diplotene
23. Terminalisation of chiasmata occurs at …………… .
(a) Zygotene (b) Leptotene (c) Diakinesis (d) Pachytene
24. Number of daughter cells formed at the end of Meiosis I is …………… .
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 0
25. …………… division leads to genetic variability.
(a) Mitotic (b) Amitotic (c) Meiotic (d) Equational
26. Crossing over occurs at …………… stage.
(a) Leptotene (b) Zygotene (c) Pachytene (d) Diplotene
27. Which of the following is not a mitogen?
(a) Giberellin (b) Ethylene (c) Kinetin (d) Colchicine

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 28. In plants mitosis occurs at …………… cells.
(a) Sclerenchyma (b) Meristem (c) Xylem (d) Parenchyma
29. Which of the following alone is formed in the division of plant cells?
(a) Aster (b) Centrioles (c) Spindle (d) Microtubules
30. Amphiastral type cell division is seen in …………… cells.
(a) Fungal (b) Algal (c) Plant cells (d) Animal

Lesson 6: cell the unit of life

1. Scientist who named the unicellular particles as ‘animalcules’ …………… .

(a) Aristotle (b) Robert Brown (c) Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
(d) Robert Hooke
2. Cell theory was modified by …………… .
(a) Schwann (b) Schleiden (c) Virchow (d) Dutrochet
3. Which of the following microscope produce 3D – image?
(a) Phase contrast (b) TEM (c) SEM (d) Dark field
4. Which of the following electron opaque chemical is used in Electron microscope?
(a) Strontium (b) Deuterium (c) Palladium (d) Uranium

5. Medium for electron movement in TEM is …………… .

(a) Air (b) Oil (c) Water (d) Vacuum
6. Resolving power of SEM is …………… .
(a) 5 – 10 Å (b) 2 – 10 Å (c) 5 – 20 nm (d) 5 – 20 m
7. Which among the following is NOT an exception to cell theory?
(a) Viruses (b) Viroids (c) Prions (d) Fungi
8. Scientist who named the cytoplasm as “Sarcode” is …………… .
(a) Dujardin (b) Corti (c) Purkinje (d) Hugo Van Mohl
9. The pH of protoplasm is around …………… .
(a) 6.6 (b) 6.7 (c) 6.8 (d) 6.9
10. The refractive index of protoplasm is …………… .
(a) 1.4 (b) 2.4 (c) 3.4 (d) 0.4
11. Histone proteins are seen in the DNA of …………… .
(a) Pseudokaryotes (b) Prokaryotes (c) Mesokaryotes (d) Eukaryotes
12. Which of the following organelle is believed to be an endosymbiont?
(a) Ribosomes (b) Mitochondrion (c) Golgi bodies (d) Nucleus
13. is the living content of the cell …………… .
(a) Cytoplasm (b) Protoplasm (c) Nucleoplasm (d) Nucleus
14. Fungal cell wall is made of …………… .
(a) Cutin (b) Chitin (c) Hemicellulose (d) Pectin
15. …………… acts as a channel between the protoplasm of adjacent cells.
(a) Middle lamellae (b) Pits (c) Plasmodesmata (d) Primary cell wall
16. Fluid mosaic model was proposed by …………… .
(a) Schleiden and Schwann (b) Singer and Nicolson
(c) Binning and Roher (d) G. Palade
17. Which is the largest of the internal membranes?
(a) Golgi bodies (b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Tonoplast (d) Nuclear membrane

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18. In plant cells, golgi bodies are found as small vesicles called …………… .
(a) Polysomes (b) Cytosomes (c) Cytosol (d) Dictyosomes
19. organelle plays a major role in post translation process of protein …………… .
(a) Golgi bodies (b) Nucleolus (c) Ribosomes (d) ER
20. Zymogen granules are synthesized in …………… .
(a) Lysosomes (b) Golgi bodies (c) Mitochondria (d) Chloroplast
21. Altmann named mitochondrion as …………… .
(a) Apoplast (b) Elaioplast (c) Symplast (d) Bioplast
22. DNA of mitochondrion is …………… .
(a) Helical (b) Dumb – bell (c) Circular (d) Spiral
23. Mitochondria are inherited from parent …………… .
(a) Male (b) Female (c) Both (d) None

24. F1 particles are also called as …………… .

(a) Polysomes (b) Glyoxysomes (c) Peroxisomes (d) Oxysomes
25. Elaioplasts store …………… .
(a) Starch (b) Lipid (c) Protein (d) Chlorophyll
26. The photosynthetic units are called as …………… .
(a) Oxysomes (b) Quantosomes (c) Thylakoids (d) Chloroplasts
27. Which organelle is not membrane bound?
(a) Mitochondrion (b) Golgi bodies (c) Chloroplast (d) Ribosomes
28. Ribosomes of mitochondrion are …………… .
(a) 16 S (b) 80 S (c) 70 S (d) 50 S
29. …………… mineral is required for structural cohesion of ribosomes.
(a) Ca2+ (b) H+ (c) Mg2+ (d) Cl–
30. Lysosomes originate from …………… .
(a) Mitochondrion (b) Nucleus (c) ER (d) Golgi bodies
31. In mammals, peroxisomes are seen in …………… cells.
(a) Brain (b) Lung (c) Liver (d) Heart
32. Which organelle has a single unit membrane?
(a) Ribosomes (b) Glyoxysomes (c) Polysomes (d) Nucleus
33. The single unit membrane of vacuoles is called as …………… .
(a) Tonoplast (b) Symplast (c) Apoplast (d) Amyloplast
34. Vacuoles of Apple cells store …………… .
(a) Sucrose (b) Malic acid (c) Citrate (d) Flavanoid
35. Ribosomal biogenesis occur at …………… .
(a) Mitochondrion (b) Polysomes (c) Nucleolus (d) Chromosomes
36. The term chromosome was introduced by …………… .
(a) Bridges (b) Strasburger (c) Waldeyer (d) Poster
37. Stability to chromosome is offered by …………… .
(a) Satellite (b) Telomere (c) Kinetochore (d) Nucleolus
38. Life span of the cells is determined by …………… .
(a) Kinetochore (b) Satellite (c) Chromatin (d) Telomere
39. The metacentric chromosomes are …………… shaped.
(a) L (b) V (c) J (d) I
40. Polytene chromosomes are observed in …………… of Drosophila.
(a) Endocrine gland (b) Gall bladder (c) Salivary gland (d) Exocrine gland

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41. Lampbrush chromosomes occur at …………… stage of meiotic Prophase I.
(a) Leptotene (b) Diplotene (c) Zygotene (d) Pachytene
42. Number of basal rings in gram positive bacteria …………… .
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
43. Microtubules are made of …………… .
(a) Dyenin (b) Tubin (c) Tubulin (d) Nexin

44. Cytoplasm is stained …………… by eosin.

(a) Pink (b) Blue (c) Greenish blue (d) Green
45. Key difference between plant cell & animal cell is …………… .
(a) Ribosomes (b) Vacuoles (c) Cell wall (d) Centrioles

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