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This paper discusses the stability of an explicit time integration algorithm (HHT3) for pseudo-dynamic tests on nonlinear structures, highlighting that while implicit methods are unconditionally stable, explicit methods typically are not. The study demonstrates that the new HHT3 algorithm is unstable for stiffness hardening nonlinear structures, but stability can be improved by identifying and updating the structure's stiffness. Numerical tests confirm that the HHT3 algorithm is applicable for collision structure tests after implementing the stiffness identification method.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views3 pages

Paper Format

This paper discusses the stability of an explicit time integration algorithm (HHT3) for pseudo-dynamic tests on nonlinear structures, highlighting that while implicit methods are unconditionally stable, explicit methods typically are not. The study demonstrates that the new HHT3 algorithm is unstable for stiffness hardening nonlinear structures, but stability can be improved by identifying and updating the structure's stiffness. Numerical tests confirm that the HHT3 algorithm is applicable for collision structure tests after implementing the stiffness identification method.

Uploaded by

aminaalshameri64
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Stability of an Explicit Time Integration Algorithms for Pseudo-Dynamic

Test Considering Stiffness Hardening Behavior

ABSTRACT
The stability of a time integration algorithm is the key of a pseudo dynamic test for nonlinear structure. The
numerical integral method mainly includes implicit and explicit integral method. The explicit method is always
conditional stability, although some explicit method is unconditional stability. The implicit methods are always
un-conditional stable. The unconditional stability of some explicit algorithms is developed from implicit ones.
This paper proposed an explicit un-conditional stability algorithm (HHT3) developed from HHT-α algorithm
and analyzed its stability. The unconditional stability for linear specimen is proved by the spectral radius
method. And the stability of new algorithm for nonlinear structure is analyzed by the discrete system root locus
method. The analysis and numerical results show that the new method is unstable for stiffness hardening
nonlinear. In order to improve the stability of new method, the structure stiffness is identified and undated in
new method. The correlation fit method is used to identified the structure stiffness. Numerical and pseudo-
dynamic test results of the collision structure prove the stiffness identified method can improve the stability of
HHT3 algorithm. Pseudo-dynamic test proves that HHT3 algorithm is applicable for take collision structure test.
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KEYWORDS: Explicit integration algorithm, Unconditional stability, HHT-α algorithm, Root locus technique
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1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
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Please use A4 size paper with the margin settings set to be: Top: 25 mm; Bottom: 25 mm; Left: 25 mm; Right:
25 mm.
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The text content must be in the format of Times New Roman 10 point size with single line spacing. Do not use
bold or underline any text. Use same format for tables, figure captions, acknowledgement and references.
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Paper length must not exceed 8 pages including abstract, main text, all figures, tables and references.
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1.1. Title, Author and Affiliation
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The title must be in the format of bold Times New Roman 14 point size, left alignment and single line spacing.
The title must be fitted in the first three rows of the above table. The layout of the above table is fixed and must
not be altered. Please capitalize all the words in the title except “a,” “an,” “and,” “at,” “but,” “by,” “for,” “in,”
“nor,” “of,” “on,” “or,” “so,” “the,” “to,” “up,” and “yet.”
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The authors must be written in the format of bold Times New Roman 11 point size with single line spacing. The
name must be first the initials and then the last name. The title, affiliation, and E-mail address of each co-author
must be listed as shown above. Type the correct information in the line below the author's name using italic
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procedure until all the information has been typed.
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before Section Heading and one blank line between the heading and the first line of text.
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should be single spaced, alignment-justified, providing the 25-mm margins.
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2.1. Secondary Heading or Sub-headings (11 pt bold, only first letter capital)
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Sub-headings are typed in 11pt bold as shown above. Use upper and lower case letters. Leave one blank line
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tertiary headings.
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3. TABLES
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Table heading and table text must be typed in Times New Roman 10 pt regular. Table heading should be centred
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Leave one blank line before the table heading and one blank line after the table as shown below.
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Table 3.1 This is an example of a table heading (10 pt regular)
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Row 2 1 2 3 4
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4. FIGURES AND PHOTOGRAPHS
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Figures must be centred, with the illustration and caption below the figure with one blank line 10 pt. Type as
follows: ‘Figure 4.1 Caption’, Times New Roman 10 pt. Figures must be numbered as “chapter number. figure
number”. The figure quality must be high enough for printing. Illustration must be quoted in the text, e.g. see
Fig. 4.1. One 10pt blank line should be left between the text and figure, as well as the figure caption and the
next paragraph. Excessive notes must be prohibited. Photographs must have a resolution of at least 250 dpi.
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Figure 4.1 Illustration of an example figure
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Text after the figure.
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5. EQUATIONS
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Use the equation editor of the selected word processing programme. Equations must be centred and numbered
consecutively. Refer to equations by these numbers. Leave one blank line above and below each equation.
Equation references are in the form of “chapter number. equation number” and should be referred to in the text
in the form as Eq. 5.1. All symbols must be explained within the manuscript. The vectors or matrices in the
equation must be typed in bold.
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A b  c d (5.1)
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AKCNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgement heading is typed in Times New Roman 10 pt bold and with all caps. Do not number the
heading. Text of the acknowledgement must be typed in Times New Roman 10 pt regular and justified. No
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REFERENCES
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blank lines before Reference Heading and one blank line between the heading and the first reference. The
references should be typed in 10 pt Times New Roman. References should be typed following the example as
shown below. Please number the reference which should be cited in the manuscript as [1] or (Shao and
Reinhorn, 2012).
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1. Author name/s. (year). Paper title. Journal title. Journal volume: issue, pages.
2. Author name/s. (year), Book title, Publisher
3. Author name/s. (year). Paper title. Conference title. City, Country.
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Example
1. Shao, X., and Reinhorn, A. M. (2012). Development of a Controller Platform for General Force-Based Real
Time Hybrid Simulation. Journal of Earthquake Engineering. 16:2, 274-295.
2. Ioannou, P.A., and Fidan, Bariş (2006). Adaptive Control Tutorial, Society for Industrial and Applied
Mathematics, Philadelphia.
3. Spencer Jr., B. F., and Cho, S. (2011). Recent Advances in Wireless Structural Health Monitoring of Civil
Infrastructure. International Symposium on Innovation and Sustainability of Structures in Civil
Engineering. Xiamen, China.
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