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Lecture 1

The document contains various snippets of C programming code, including examples of printing text, using functions, and handling input/output. It discusses concepts such as source code, machine code, data types, control structures, and loops. Additionally, it references tools and libraries used in programming, such as Visual Studio Code and CS50's manual pages.

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Lana Eduarda
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Lecture 1

The document contains various snippets of C programming code, including examples of printing text, using functions, and handling input/output. It discusses concepts such as source code, machine code, data types, control structures, and loops. Additionally, it references tools and libraries used in programming, such as Visual Studio Code and CS50's manual pages.

Uploaded by

Lana Eduarda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 172

#include <stdio.

h>

int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
source code
01111111 01000101 01001100 01000110 00000010 00000001 00000001 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000010 00000000 00111110 00000000 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000
10110000 00000101 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
11010000 00010011 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 01000000 00000000 00111000 00000000
00001001 00000000 01000000 00000000 00100100 00000000 00100001 00000000
00000110 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101 00000000 00000000 00000000
01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
01000000 00000000 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
01000000 00000000 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
11111000 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
11111000 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00001000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000011 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000100 00000000 00000000 00000000
00111000 00000010 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
...
machine code
input → → output
source code →
source code → → machine code
source code → compiler → machine code
Visual Studio Code for CS50
cs50.dev
graphical user interface
GUI
command-line interface
CLI
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
code hello.c

make hello

./hello
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
printf("hello, world\n");
input → → output
arguments → function → side effects
→ →
escape sequences
\n

\r

\"

\'

\\

…
header files
libraries
stdio.h
Manual Pages
manual.cs50.io
manual.cs50.io/#stdio.h
manual.cs50.io/3/printf
cs50.h
manual.cs50.io/#cs50.h
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
input → → output
arguments → function → return value
→ →
string answer = get_string( );
printf("hello, %s", answer);
string answer = get_string("What's your name? ");
printf("hello, %s", answer);
string answer = get_string("What's your name? ");
printf("hello, %s", answer);
string answer = get_string("What's your name? ");
printf("hello, %s", answer);
string answer = get_string("What's your name? ");
printf("hello, %s", answer);
string answer = get_string("What's your name? ");
printf("hello, %s", answer);
printf("hello, %s", answer);
printf("hello, %s\n", answer);
printf("hello, %s\n", answer);
printf("hello, %s\n", answer);
printf("hello, %s\n", answer);
printf("hello, %s\n", answer);
cd

cp

ls

mkdir

mv

rm

rmdir

...
cd

cp

ls

mkdir

mv

rm

rmdir

...
types
bool

char

double

float

int

long

string

...
bool

char

double

float

int

long

string

...
bool

char

double

float

int

long

string

...
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
format codes
%c

%f

%i

%li

%s
%c

%f

%i

%li

%s
%c

%f

%i

%li

%s
conditionals
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else
{
printf("x is not less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else
{
printf("x is not less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else
{
printf("x is not less than y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else if (x > y)
{
printf("x is greater than y\n");
}
else if (x == y)
{
printf("x is equal to y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else if (x > y)
{
printf("x is greater than y\n");
}
else if (x == y)
{
printf("x is equal to y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else if (x > y)
{
printf("x is greater than y\n");
}
else if (x == y)
{
printf("x is equal to y\n");
}
if (x < y)
{
printf("x is less than y\n");
}
else if (x > y)
{
printf("x is greater than y\n");
}
else
{
printf("x is equal to y\n");
}
operators
=

<

<=

>

>=

==

!=

…
variables
int counter = 0;
int counter = 0;
int counter = 0;
int counter = 0;
counter = counter + 1;
counter = counter + 1;;
counter += 1;
counter++;
counter--;
bool

char

double

float

int

long

string

...
bool

char

double

float

int

long

string

...
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
get_char

get_double

get_float

get_int

get_long

get_string

...
loops
int i = 3;
while (i > 0)
{
printf("meow\n");
i--;
}
int i = 3;
while (i > 0)
{
printf("meow\n");
i--;
}
int i = 0;
while (i < 3)
{
printf("meow\n");
i++;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
printf("meow\n");
}
while (true)
{
printf("meow\n");
}
while ( )
{

}
while (true)
{

}
while (true)
{
printf("meow\n");
}
control-c
void meow(void)
{
printf("meow\n");
}
int main(void)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
meow();
}
}
void meow(int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("meow\n");
}
}
int main(void)
{
meow(3);
}
scope
If you'd like a stress ball, what do today's binary bulbs spell?
int main(void)
{
meow(3);
}
correctness, design, style
check50, design50, style50
arguments → function → side effects
constants
comments
arguments → function → return value
+

…
integer overflow
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
truncation
floating-point imprecision
1999
1999
1900
19 January 2038

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