CH. ll TRANSPORTATION IN INDI A.

• h ·
Q . 1 Mentio n t wo reason s why more people use railway s rather t an airways .

• A.l Two reason s why people use railways rather than air~ay s:

~ !Railways are a chea R.2 r means of transp ort than airways.

A
1QApart from big cities even small towns anf conne cted by railways.
t/ .<Y'L.)~.in pl~ ei'J.-,·::l wer
~ c1-, ,t~i\ i t1~0\Yf~f".I '- ~n~ ivt.- AirMriho-.f1
#· \
i) A Why in its impor tance? G1ve'two reason s! o~:~~uJ_a .s ·
O\V7".,... r"\~- Q.~ 1s rnland wafertvays decfin ing
~ ·t. '\,
Q A.2 In/and waterw ays is declini ng in its impor tance becaus e:
i) it is a ~ means of transp ort.

ii) it conne cts only towns and cities which are locate d on the river
ban ks . ..~·- m rkei byno . eJ-
~ R,~ .in T<ll; ~ C\~ cJ-- sWct i /enflh l- Ct<>J. rwi--- ~CJ, (}!,
~ .3 Menti on two Advan tages and one disad\Ya ntage of "Yater_l."{ays.' LJ~ . . ,•,'
J "1 it!~
Y""lf?

A.3 Two advan tages of waterw ays are:

i) it is the cheaJJ est source of transp ort. •0,~.

' ¼, ..,l

ii) most suita ble transp ort to..farry heavy i:!nd q?l.kYif ;bods.
. .1 . ·, ' . -~' 'i~
--,Oone disadv a.ntag e of waterw ays is : .,_ ...'::~,,_.,··,
'.h~ .

as fast as airway s or
!)Dem and for waterw ays is declin ing b·ec~u_s e fts movem ent is not
railwa ys. ,e:,. ·,,,~•> '\. ."
., . ,;,..

.;,-.o.4 Roadw ays are alway\ ci o~id; r~) \ more .impor tant than any other
means of

0 Trans portat ion. Give~tw 9 re~ son in suppo rt of the statem ent.
~~~~ ·~
~i~
,;~ •,:.. ~~f'

means of transp ortatio n

A.4 Roadw ays_; r~~9 ~~f:?{gd more impor tant than any other
'( ~
L~~ ~~- .,L-1"'
becau se: -~ ~l°' 'f14j_:__,: f"Vp'
'"--~ •. '
i) it is a _£heap t r~~)>rt
for long distan ces and for bulky produ cts. ('~ ·(1'1'\111·r - ~
G8<'.,S-\<l~$-"rl ~,u,
~ ,,,.. ~, fe
~'fl~
, __ A."'4
_ tes n ationa l integr ation and integr ation within states .
IA
t' pr'omo -
wh,o-i,,JJ ,-~~ r-~ .J-1 "- ~
1-i
11 ~ r,oi~e ..it,~ pt'<>~, '~ d.P-cr ~d:- .tt ~111 ~
&.' d Wti{·i~Railwa y an impor tant means of Transp ortatio n as compa red to
Airwa ys? ~~r.1>

~
~ A.5 i) Railwa y is an impor tant means of transp ort as compa red
to airway s as it is cheap a~ "
\i(\t,.!10\ ,.,,... h'IJ'- · ~ ey ..,
has '!!_9re ca rry~ ca pacity of passen gers and goods .i-,\,i\G\"e.CV> ~.,
- l\U"'-\'r-L-
t.
{ '~ State one econo mic benefi t of the Golde n Quadr ilatera l Projec
it leads to gener al
A.6 Econo mic benefi ts of golden quadri lateral projec t is that
impro vemen t of the area with more emplo yment .
a Highw ay.
Q. 7 State one impor tant differe nce betwe en an Expre ssway and
 \\ ,, 0
A.7 Ex ressway is a ~ix-lane hi ~6 and three wheelers are not aHaw..ed .~
highway is a two-la neroad~ ~i:;..g,~ ~~~ar~ea_:a::.:.ll~o~w~e~.
\i
Q.8 Name the first expressway constructed in the country.

~ -8 Mumbai Pune exp ressWay is the first expressway constructed in the country~ /~n,e)
Q.9 State a reason why the Northern Rivers are more suitable for nav1gat1on than the

f J~
. ~~
)flffl
'rf' Deccan Rivers .

A,9 Northern rivers are more suitable fo(:f'•jvigation than deccan rivers becaus~~ y are
· /2nnial in nature and flow over ge ~ e slbP.i□g plains, ,,.,.._ \
1
1 fle(f Ci\nJ, !,clroh,..,;µ. ·1 - '- ·t~ St ) ·
.Io Why ts Read transport in India is con:;idered more useful than Rat trap s~ r · a e
_ ~ ~~
\.. ..\:',4 .!l
reason in support of your answer.

A.10 Road transport is more useful than rail tra:isportas: ~ '>,.,

)1/..J ,,.,.
t.
\ !
•· •
~ oar to door service is most attractive feature of road transpo~
f"' ., \t f!

ii)they can be constructed in hilly areas as they can neg0ti~te.sharp bends and slopes.
~ \ ' -
Q.11 Mention one advantage and one..disadv antage -
'?e' ach of{ nla ~d waterways .

A.11 Advantage of inland waterways: they are ~lf"~~~ .n an,yether transport. :

~ '\ '\ .
\. Dis.advantage: because of slow speed it caon~~ tb~P,ete with other means of transport. _,
I>'' --=:;.:,--' ' t ':.I
rtatio'n · ·
. :

• - ~ Q.12 Give.one d.isadv.antage· of ~ir ·t ~an;p,ort:~ -trt is still popula'r me~n~ ot"transpo
11 -' ·_. , ~- : . . •• · -"." . ·_-
"I)~~• · in India'?°- ·. · · ' ·· · ' '. ·· • · ' ;,. ';,_ · · , • · • . ,. ,;

, :(\~.(' •~ · ~ MJX1~fi}x..,, '~ -•' ,Ii ' · • . · . , \' •/.1 ~ ·.:·:

and
~":~{; A.12 disadvantage: It has limited cTrrying; capacity ~ill it is popular because it is•fastest
(}J\J ~ f physical b~rriers,su cf<I as mo,untain range, valley etc. ,~t-\~ J.,·~t:1JY ? ~le Jx.~y
0~~ '\ ', ~---
-"'•"' Q.13 Give two reasons why Peninsular rivers are not ideal for navigation.
o'v \ ' .
.· ... ,~-, ·,-
A.13 Peninsular f iver:~ are nbt ideal for navigation because
~ -

a) n~ers a..re seasona~ ,n nature. , _,

I
. . ·. "\-'\ ..g
b) Ri vers ljow-..trJJ.ough undulating rocky plateau region. 5·k,}fl)ui in (1'f'>o}Jr-
-· ·.:.1 t
tWU' Jt:vJJ,.e
..,'JI , ~
-J. Q~l ~ l'~? ~e.._af>ort in the East coast which is often hit _by Cyclones during the r:nonths of
f October a~nd Nov.

A.14 \Lishakbapatnam port.is often hit by cyclones during act and Nov.

~or?-15 Why has importance of inland waterways declined? Give any two reasons.

)-<.?~15 Importance of waterways is declining:

a) it is a slow means of transport.

b) Rivers of India do not have a regular flow of water as water is diverted for irrigation.

\
 Q.l 6 Name two areas where Helicopter serviceJ r;n_ay be used.

A.16 Helicopter services may be used in:

i) mountains ii) Flooded ar...,as. .

~ ~ " 'Q~l 7 Ment;on any three problems being faced by Indian Railways.

~ : ; ~ A.17 Problems faced by Indian railways are: ·,.

'Od°' I) It lacks reoair and maintenance of bridges and tracks. _
·· ~ ..,oarher which
. . . 'd ~ -ft frqm ore EP' ,god~ " ,.,
ii) India's railway operations are on their gauges a n , .. : •., . · .. _
leads 10 prnblems:" '
~ · ' r1 d
hie to carry the jp.cr'eased lga an
iii) 'ifil traffic has increased, and the ojd tracks are not a .. ,
accidents are frequent. . ..
_}. . . which i't ~ill help in economi~ .
~ · Q.18 What is Golden Quadrilateral? Mention any two ways in . , ·
(') development of the country. • . • ·

r-JM/t -: .
. ~ '~
A.A A.18 Golde □ Q11adriia1erai cornpcises the oar,ao::>J
~
. :_ • Delhi - Mumbai -. n~he;'.;i"!
(If l"I cp enna1 Kalkata by ;1 6 lane sq per highway. It has 1 _ 5 46km.
t
Two ways 1t
enl2' ·
f1) 6'" (I"~ teJl?s in the eco~omic development of the country are: ·~ · }
_. .... "Hf
CP'Aj:ofl
•ul) r J-
CAl\t,& •~ts
slMoJC•~pe~ J-o J..+,, vc.k:, J..ro,rj h'-"nf
A India is fi/ land of v st distances from north- ~Q ~th as weir as rom east - wes ·
1
t They form

~'12' · ;;in int grated tran~port syste~and bring 'i:l_iffe fen't' eople to&_~ther.
• I e,
.i ·t;al.'yin~ cios.e ~o %~~ r~ad ~ -· be·w~ ~ ~e.fl,~Jf;~~•~ j~, _ ~of our
c rl ~-e?,-0 in¥ 1 t . H.i-. , s~lt !,/'7-°')j t4 J, A<1'1~
;,, 1't,\,\~W U)kf'()~~~\ff~ ~- {
--J Q.19 Why i~oad transpo,:l fa~qyr~-~-:- iil't'he nor~hern Plains of lnq_ia? ,
/. · . , ~~U'\tl~~ h'-..h½f C..1va, ktf l mJt-,½~ 1 ~ ·
.469 ~oad transport is_favoured in'ffie northern plains of Ind ~eca e: his is agricultural
• 1 rich region and roacjs are reqyired to transport huge amount-of fertilizers, food grains from

. ,_'$'•
~-
t,eJl',·•·.J'
one region toan0t h~ Ii) 1his is a levelled region where construction of road is easy.
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•
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Q.20 Give reason-J:o~~~._pfain the lack of rail transport in Northern lndia.('~c\1,~p, t'l \~ r~Y?
'1> • , .
) . ,:-If . ot ftXP\1'r ,c.>'\.cr.A ~
L ..;t l,-...~
A. .20 ,Th e~:e 1s .a 41cl\·o ca, 1 rraospnrr 10 gprt h 1n India because it is a mounta ·~..,...,
_ ~ ~- '$c • : . • • -. inous region
-_-, •
\V','n~~()
"' •
~ -t1:-.er,e c. str~ ct1on of road,~ comparatively easier than laying railway tracks.
, N1tl.0_ ... lt\Nl n~cv~ S~t" f <;k ~~ L _ L
b9{)! }-,- ' p
Q.21••~t m.e th following: YOJr rq_ I 1 C4'-Jr?rt/),- '-'¥
i) An important inl~nd waterway of North east India.

ii) One expressway with its Terminal Cities.

iii) A major Port which is located on the Sea coast and is at . 1

coast along t~e banks of a river. . a distance of 128 km from the

A.21 i) National waterways between Sadiyan and Dh b . th

.. . u n rough ~rabrnap'ltra river.
11) Pune - Mumbai expressway its terminal ,
c· t· -
,es are Pune and Mumbai
 A·f '' ' ~-' , n "v"t:' .:Jen1 en-e,1 ,,,,oJ1kj;, 'I '~1
l
ri bl Go. t c, a. \'0" Y ~ c.av o~yw, ~ \.o,:,~ Sc} ~
At-O cJ- f\o,., jl, Io u¢"
g~~ d1ret-610i:' oYlcJ.. r~1\~ys 0> n~g flt", <1 ',v t~ ~e J ~
r 1¼ 1Y>~ Jh ro ~ v- 1>'I~ c.,' ~ffl'.-0 S~Jc,9, 11
e,, ,.~_ct ~
iii\,,l{ o lka ta port
...
O ~ t w o reasons for "the mea
ns of tran spor t" being called the lifelin
es of a natio n's

~~
ec on ~~ ~rh ~A ~ IO _(h,.p Dhbt,,.DA ~v rb C- t1r1fcJf n AJ" rlvj~r ili:1
w)/1i
A.22
. t,
s~r t~6 t1 ~a"s -~n
,~6 -0c ,~ U(F ~t..4 1'iur1Y
)(l'r a'l .s0~qr~ati~n h~p s the IQd,ustrte
rr~. . r; \ ·
'Vil por t~ ro) lc·'r'Faa , '
avn, '>u6f1,ev · tJ
s \o lin witt, pla_
ce;; where Raw-1)1ateri.~I are easily
avai lable . 111/~ )'t, f~ )di r,.,
)f)fr })':) }~ e'dc-oJ w () ~~vi">~ J,~ ~}er,
..,... r-
Q.23 Give two way s in whic h rail tran I
spor t is useful for the people of India
.
A.23 i) It is Y.!ry chea p
- '\ ! q~ - ~ - ~ '-
ii) Rail Tran spor t has vast '1 /c ~ ~ Ct~ ~ )d'-1,ta n , t;,t\ cvr- ..., , •ett j
. ----
netw ork aM'~ ~ ~ te{;J lo wa o~ ace s i ~-ia- .
t.
Q.24 Give thre e reasons as to why Airw
ays are becoming a popu lar means of
mod ern India . tran spor t in

.,~ .:~·.:.
' ..
' :·A:.~ a~~-th e'f a~t~st' ~ -od e(bftr ans ~brt ation -.,• t
" ~ \ ... . 'available·i'h-.th e c·b,~rit ry. . . . ,. - • ~
~
\

. ii)~The y are: ~igr.iifi'can.LiJ1 hilly and vJ.

,p' rom inen t. C( ~ ,
bord er areas where railways aQd road
ble. ways are not '!..J "C_
• • _ "'· , ·,
~? {
-.; I
I I ' '
_J;k .'-,
)10-h~y :3 re beco ming cost effective day by day .
~·- \ · J'
•

Q.25 Nam e the extr eme stati ons wh

....,J,,
C:
~ "3
~~ ~
i~ Q)

\\--!~ ~
ich are cbri.hecte"ct.by the East- Wes t Corr
idor. _ i$. ~-_- -
'f..._A .25 Silch ar and Porb ande r. \ ~<
-. ·/:;. "

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l 26 Nam e the extr eme stations 'whic
~Q. "· ~
h.are conn ected by Nort h- South corr.idor .

-.:._
_ _____, '"ft
~ ·,, • ~ -9
I/ •
-A.26 Sr,in agar and Kanyakumar~ e~._
\"'- ~
'lo

~.
:..r, ~
~ --:5
~ ~ X'
1t§-
Q.27 Nam e the auth o rjty"W htGQ: impl
eme nts the Super Highways.

~
j: ~ ~ !
A.27 The iona l Hi hwa' A . of Ind'Ia .
ont
. ~).. ~~ 'f ~
{)'AA Q. hat is t h e ooje ctive 9f the Pradhan M 11
?J W~ i Gram . ?~ ·ki r,r-wJ i"\ i \
~ ~A.28 UncierJfthis
J·,/ ' s-r5hto,l"l l!)d 1'Jo ~uA
:> 1\ c-i rw , "
"' rll-e. GV \£.rr))1:1t-:~P<!Mic.A::J,
~ch.~me spec ial provi 5Ion s.2r9 m < f . f7i ~ ~
\ ()vv\ Ii · 1
'
i
b I season
d e - ~ Vl 4 P J . 0 - . ~S c.,~
~0 .!\
t (A./1-<;}ll-''>
·
. f?r. ,._,i.J ~ ~ J -¥
- to a '

- ....
.
' - ho main tains the bord er road s?~
M-t,rre .-~ d-vr'lt-f1~()1 ~
. .
(<.o?
\ ' I) L "" l,l I.. , n r t1'1.da in Sd-t
- l(J >7 UI :)i~le,, ,~
.~
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0
I: ~
n ,t>, ~ 1•
"' · v7 ---, ~
Ll
A.29 Th' e Bord er Roads Organisation
., ~er--j(j~~ c;r~ ' h~ \( ~ ~
c...-
1
~
.. -yir;w c;\c ~~,~ ' 0
~ Wha t is t hetc lt ah·e1:[email protected] engt h of the

~ Total route of lndia ril, railways is more~ tn

India
--- n railways.
, '1 °' rco---~ '\
~
i=i - ~
~
.c.

'
Q.31 Nam e any MJMt pats 'of the East
'}_f t1Y' !)
.
coast and West Coast of India .
6603 .Qlms,.
1t
~
~J
\[\
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A.31 East coast- Haldia, Paradi p ,Vish
aka pata nam , C~
~ .

~
 Q.3 2 What is Port?

A .32 The port 0 f h · · · called a

, , arbour where goods are loaded and unloaded from the shms is
port · Ports are man-mad e comrae:r:ci:a:! ~la ces built along the coastlin ~.

Q.33 Write one Natural and one Artificial port of India .

A.33 Artificial Port- Cbeooai

Natural Port- Mumbai.

\

1
~ ctr'u ·34 Name the deepest landlocked port. •&
~ ) \ yH"') A.34 Vi~apatnam. .
I f"'-{,,6.. OJv#"O~me the company which provides Helicopter Services to the Oil and Natur-al Gas
I Comission .

A.35 Pawan Hans Helico pters Ltd .

~~ ,_;~ ~ {'lo rq)N,-; ,u,l~k p,, 1t-11 '1 ~ -,.c,4~'('6f"UJ
• ,, _(I · X ~t,'C..)l"f),,. s,,lr'ttrcr
, <r-.J... i.e..
Q~ e beneficial for the farmers? · ~• .. r1rr.> pt'Of'
,,,~ . ,. ~- o-inl_twh-,~)b.o ~,~
A.36 The roads help the farmers to v - e - t ~sha-bie (flow~rs, fruits, milk) and ~A JY\ ~
Perisha commodities (Wheat, Maize etc) to th~ ~ J,,o 1w-1
What is IWAI? ';" .•
~
'
. --------
. ~-.~Jer
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A.37 Inland Waterwa ys Authority of lodia;.Was'cieve la p@d fo.Ltbe develope g_gnd ,r:g_g.1,1-1-ati.on
pt lola od wa t erw ays tar shi pping ansJ naviga~ion . :·
'It_.., ..
~
\)e,ki7f-3-s What is Transport? ,... _ A"

.,.
\ . ,, I
A.38 A transporS,is a syster:n in whichpassengers and goods are carried from one place to
~
~ ::Z:Super H;-ih•~.ay;i• ._
A.39 The Super Highways have been planned SQ.m eet the cegujrements of the fa.st
nt o ,- he .government has launched a major road development project
. "--Q
i-Kolkatc1~Mumbai and Delhi by six lane super Highways.
~
Q. ha t ar; ·'National Highways?

Jjip/Ylf'b1A.40,~he~~ ai ~ roads which are connected and mai ntain ed b~ th e-Ce.Dtra l_Gover~ ~ e
~
kn.own a's
National Highwa'K,5. The w oRds cc;>nnect the state capital, b ig cities and important
ports . - s<>~ 1-0,;e/'f-j - u00 ~. ~()"-a.,,~,~ by
~k:t~ 0
:~c-4. ~('» Unk Mr,,..,CC¥J ~ ::::::-.
-fo~ () C1}1 Nl ,~ht-,.,✓~
h Iv) r--i, r A d,,) J-r,~
-l't) H}1 ,,I-,, l,,..J t:"f /J. Jr _K f
do you me~ n by thJ Density 01' the roat1~'1 Name the state witlf' ~~°(JU~

i) Highest d~ r o ads~ density of roads.

A.41 The length of road per lOOsq.kmo farea-i s known as the density of roads. Distribution
of road is not uniform in the country. Density of";o"ad s var.i~ m Kerala and Jam mu and
Kashmir state of state.
 Q.42 Distinguish between Super Highways and National Highways.

A.42

Super Highways National Highways

1. The major objective of these is to 1. These link extreme parts of the:,
edu J;QV □ try,
between th
2. These are laid and maintained by 3. These are laid and maintained by
National Highways Authority..o.L Central Govemm@t.
India.
I

~ ~ the Himalayan Regions has low density of network of Railway?

~ A.43 1) The rugged terrain, hill and valley topogr~_pJlY..

~ ~~}>rsk,rf ~-~
~
1.442DTh~ ~~lr ion is s~se an~~ ~~om;~~~bac~
Max,mu~
r~
a}s ar:l'i6und in Nortl7ern Plains bu/1.ss in North East part of India.

A.44 i) Northern Plains are plain regions having flat level]£.c;i lands.with dense population.
~ ii) North East India is a hilly tercair Fl'li?cked by number of mourJ.1;aios and hills having steep
~
F

s~Thus it is ~fi@Jlt-tQ,CQn.s.tn:i.ctJ'..aads op steep slopes in North East part of ~ a

~ o.dv Water transport is considered to.qe ~conomical? A v~~

' ~ any other transport.
A.45 i) The fuel used by water transport is less than
~
I ___..

ii) It tjpes oot ceq~1ir~ e1o1ilding oJ: ,rny infr:asft uctur:es like roads, Bridges. track.s...e.k

'j,l Q.46 Name the followinf

.•
t

~ A.46 i) National Air t1;_a'nsport provider in India: a) Public sector b) Private Sector
' .
a) ~hljc $1?4er ~~atiE;tl'l@I A,li.n-H@l'l-€empaJl¥-Oi.1.wiia.
~
b),E.rivate sector: ,;o; Nf'"R¼'e; :f(l?i~o, v;sJt-in-, A-; 1"7J r,Ji"1
~ 1

ii)Nar~ w,Gauge mountain route - The 9arjeeling Himalayan Railways. ( Darjeeling has a_
~ larg~st t @'train in India .)
. le ,, ~
-

iii) ~\~ram Howrah to Kabul - _@:and trunk roa2_; ( It was ~

~ 4 countries -ngladesh, Pakistan, India and Afghanistan)
y_l\1.l,!gpalj>nd pas.s.e,s, fro~

~
(

dian shipping industry is facing a lot of problem . Give reason .

~
A.47 i) Due to Obsolete vessels of sailing.

---
ii) Inadequate mechanical handling.
---
iii) Port delays and high transportation cost.

!: Q,48 Waterways are not well developed in India. ExplainT() )Cl) 1 l,JvJ ~ ~ V

~
~
 cause:
no t we ll de ve lop ed be
A. 4 8 Wa ter wa ys are
n ial rivers.
i) India has few pe ren ch to fa cil ita te wa ty
r
ha,t-.o:1U
er an d In land wa t erways.J.s...uo,~
ii) The d ~ th of the riv
tra ns po rt.

d1 ~ '1 WC-i ·Y) ~~

is a tro pic al co un try
.
iii) The wa ter leyel is lmor as India
as on .
of Tr an sp ort . Gi ve Re
ys are no t co ns ide red a fle xib le me an s
Q.49 Air wa
ns po rt:
t fle xib le me an s of tra
A.4 8 Air wa ys are no

i) Th ey ca rry few passe

nge rs ar a tjm e.
ii) Th ey are tiw e bo
un d an d co stl ier .

iii) Th ey do no t ha ve
go od fre qu en cy .
-

-~~
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 _:; = \ C I I

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