A

Micro-Project
On

NETWORK HACKING

Submitted To
MSBTE
In Partial Fulfilment of Requirement of Diploma Of
Computer Engineering
Under I Scheme
Submitted By

Ms.Tanaya Hanumant Paste

Ms.Arya Swanand Pawar

Ms.Dashmi Prakash Rane

Ms.Lochan Dashrath Sawant

Ms.Komal Jayprakash Sawant

Under the Guidance Of

Mr. T.M.Patil

FOR ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025

YASHWANTRAO BHONSALE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SAWANTWADI
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that,

Ms.Tanaya Hanumant Paste Roll No.91
Ms.Arya Swanand Pawar Roll No.92
Ms.Dashmi Prakash Rane Roll No.93
Ms.Lochan Dashrath Sawant Roll No.96
Ms.Komal Jayprakash Sawant Roll No.97

Of Sixth semester of diploma in COMPUTER ENGINGEERING of institute

Yashwantrao Bhonsale Institute of Technology(1742) has completed the
MicroProject satisfactorily in subject Network Hacking(22618) for the
academic year 2024 to 2025 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Subject Faculty HOD Principal

Seal of

Institutio

n
 INDEX

Sr. Topic Name Page

No. No.
1. Abstract 1

2. Introduction 2

3. Aim Of The Project 3

4. Network Hacking 4-8

5. Ways To Prevent Network Hacking 9-10

6. Skill Developed 11

7. Application 12

8. Conclusion 13

9. Reference 14
Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

1. Abstract:-

This microproject explores the concept of network hacking, focusing on the

techniques, tools, and ethical considerations involved in unauthorized access to
computer networks. The project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of
how vulnerabilities in networks can be exploited, emphasizing methods such as packet
sniffing, denial of service attacks (DoS), man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks, and Wi-Fi
network breaches. Using a controlled lab environment, the project demonstrates these
techniques in a secure manner to prevent any misuse and to highlight the importance of
network security practices. Furthermore, it emphasizes ethical hacking and the role of
penetration testing in identifying and mitigating network vulnerabilities. The findings
underscore the critical need for robust cybersecurity measures and awareness in an
increasingly interconnected digital world.

Network hacking refers to the unauthorized access, manipulation, or disruption of

computer networks and systems. This malicious activity can occur through various
techniques, including exploiting vulnerabilities in network protocols, weak passwords,
or unpatched software. Hackers may deploy methods such as phishing, man-in-the-
middle attacks, denial of service (DoS), and exploiting zero-day vulnerabilities to
breach a network's security. The consequences of network hacking can be severe,
leading to data theft, loss of privacy, financial damage, and operational disruption. The
increasing sophistication of cyber-attacks has made it essential for organizations and
individuals to adopt robust cybersecurity measures such as firewalls, encryption,
intrusion detection systems (IDS), and regular security updates. Network hacking is a
constantly evolving threat, requiring continuous vigilance and research to prevent
breaches and minimize risks.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

2. Introduction:-
In today’s increasingly interconnected world, network security is of paramount
importance. Networks form the backbone of communication systems, enabling
businesses, governments, and individuals to exchange data and conduct online
activities. However, as reliance on digital networks grows, so do the risks associated
with cyberattacks and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Network hacking
refers to the act of exploiting vulnerabilities in a network, often with malicious intent,
to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or disrupt services.

This microproject aims to delve into the techniques and tools used in network hacking,
shedding light on common methods such as packet sniffing, man-in-the-middle
(MitM) attacks, and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. By exploring these techniques in
a controlled lab environment, the project will emphasize the importance of securing
networks against potential threats and highlight the role of ethical hacking and
penetration testing in improving security measures.

While the term "network hacking" often carries negative connotations, it is important
to distinguish between malicious hackers and ethical hackers—those who use their
skills to identify vulnerabilities and strengthen network defenses. In this project, we
will also focus on the ethical considerations of hacking and the critical need for robust
cybersecurity protocols.

Network hacking refers to the unauthorized intrusion into or manipulation of a

computer network with the intention to exploit, steal, damage, or disrupt its operations.
The advent of the digital age and the increasing reliance on interconnected systems
have created vast opportunities for both legitimate users and cybercriminals to access
networked resources. However, this interconnectedness also introduces significant
security vulnerabilities that malicious actors often exploit.

Network hackers use a variety of methods and techniques to infiltrate systems,

including exploiting weaknesses in software, hardware, and network protocols,
phishing attacks, social engineering, and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. These
breaches can have catastrophic consequences, ranging from data breaches and
financial losses to service disruptions and reputational damage.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

3. Aim Of The Project:-

The aim of this microproject is to investigate and demonstrate various techniques used
in network hacking, while highlighting the importance of securing networks against
cyber threats. Specifically, the project will:

1. Explore Network Vulnerabilities: Identify common weaknesses in network

configurations and protocols that can be exploited by attackers.
2. Demonstrate Hacking Techniques: Showcase practical methods of network
hacking, including packet sniffing, man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks, denial-
of-service (DoS) attacks, and Wi-Fi network breaches, within a controlled and
ethical environment.
3. Emphasize Ethical Hacking: Illustrate the role of ethical hackers in detecting
vulnerabilities and improving network security through penetration testing and
vulnerability assessments.
4. Raise Awareness on Cybersecurity: Promote understanding of the importance
of strong network defenses, such as encryption, firewalls, and secure access
controls, to mitigate risks from malicious hackers.
5. Recommend Security Measures: Provide suggestions and best practices for
organizations and individuals to enhance their network security and protect
against common cyber threats.

The overall goal is to educate and inform about the methods of network hacking, while
reinforcing the need for robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard sensitive
information and prevent unauthorized access.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

4. Network Hacking:-

1)Network Infrastructure :
To have secure operating systems and applications, you need a secure network.
Devices such as routers, firewalls, and even generic network hosts (including servers
and workstations) must be assessed as part of the security testing process.
There are thousands of possible network vulnerabilities, equally as many tools, and
even more testing techniques. You probably don't have the time or resources
available to test your network infrastructure systems for all possible vulnerabilities,
using every tool and method imaginable. Instead, you need to focus on tests that will
produce a good overall assessment of your network and the tests I describe in this
chapter produce exactly that.

Fig 1.1

You can eliminate many well-known, network-related vulnerabilities by simply

patching your network hosts with the latest vendor software and firmware updates.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

2)Network Infrastructure Vulnerabilities:

Network infrastructure vulnerabilities are the foundation for most technical security
issues in your information systems.
These lower-level vulnerabilities affect practically everything running on your
network. That's why you need to test for them and eliminate them whenever possible.
Your focus for security tests on your network infrastructure should be to find
weaknesses that others can see in your network so you can quantify and treat your
network's level of exposure.

Fig 1.2

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

3)Scanning-Ports:
A port scanner shows you what's what on your network by scanning the network to
see what's alive and working. Port scanners provide basic views of how the network
is laid out. They can help identify unauthorized hosts or applications and network
host configuration errors that can cause serious security vulnerabilities.
The big-picture view from port scanners often uncovers security issues that might
otherwise go unnoticed. Port scanners are easy to use and can test network hosts
regardless of what operating systems and applications they're running. The tests are
usually performed relatively quickly without having to touch individual network
hosts, which would be a real pain otherwise.
The trick to assessing your overall network security is interpreting the results you get
from a port scan. You can get false positives on open ports, and you might have to dig
deeper. For example, User Datagram Protocol (UDP) scans like the protocol itself are
less reliable than Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) scans and often produce false
positives because many applications don't know how to respond to random incoming
UDP requests

Fig 1.3

If your results don't match after you run the tests using different tools, you might want
to explore the issue further. If something doesn't look right such as a strange set of
open ports it probably isn't. Test again; if you’re in doubt, use another tool for a
different perspective.

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 Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

Port Service Protocols

No

7 Echo UDP
19 Chargen TCP, UDP
20 FTP data (File Transfer Protocol) TCP
22 SSH TCP
23 Telnet TCP
8080 HTTP HTTP proxy TCP
443 HTTPS (HTTP over TLS) TCP

4) Ping Sweep:

 What is Ping Sweep?

The IP address has many functionalities. Ping sweep is a term related to it. Scanning
ping is one of the most efficient ways to find network vulnerabilities and tackle
network-related discoveries. It also saves lots of time because the procedure related to
ping sweep is pretty simple. Pinging a simple service similar to google.com gives back
many results and we can learn our situation depending on the result we get back.
Pinging a network or system allows us to determine if a host is alive or dead.
simple IP or brute check a list of IPs in a single or continuous scan. In response to
pinging a host, we get back data as an echo. By calling it alive, we can identify if the
system is active and what is the network-based status around it. And dead means the
host is either inactive or non-responsive or in shutdown mode. Hosts can be the
network servers, computers, websites, printers, or any remote network device.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

 Best tools for Ping Sweep

Since there are many tools to map Ping Sweep, we are only highlighting the best
ones. They are simple to use and can perform all the advanced tasks easily that an
admin may require. As ping sweep requires packages and special features, it is
important to use tools. It saves time and the display systems in tolls are well thought
out. Revelling and going through data become easier for anyone looking to find a
situation of network or finding vulnerabilities. Our top pick consists of:
1. SolarWinds IP Address Manager (IPAM)
2.SolarWinds Engineer’s Toolset (ETS)
3.ManageEngine OpManager
4.Advanced IP Scanner
5.Paessler PRTG Network Monitor

5)Scanning SNMP:
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is built in to virtually every network
device. Network management programs (such as HP Open View and LANDesk) use
SNMP for remote network host management. Unfortunately. SNMP also presents
security vulnerabilities.

Fig 1.4

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

5. Ways To Prevent Network Hacking:-

Preventing network hacking requires a combination of proactive measures, proper
configuration, and continuous monitoring. Below are key methods to safeguard
networks against hacking attempts:

1. Use Strong Encryption Protocols:

o Encryption ensures that data transmitted over networks is unreadable to
unauthorized users. Protocols like AES (Advanced Encryption
Standard) for data encryption and TLS (Transport Layer Security) for
secure communications are essential.
o VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) can also encrypt traffic, protecting
users when accessing public networks.

2. Implement Strong Authentication Mechanisms:

o Multi-factor authentication (MFA) significantly increases security by
requiring users to provide two or more forms of verification (e.g.,
password, fingerprint, or security token).
o Regularly update and enforce the use of strong, complex passwords to
avoid exploitation of weak authentication.

3.Secure Wireless Networks:

o Change the default username and password of Wi-Fi routers to prevent

unauthorized access.
o Use WPA3 encryption for Wi-Fi networks, as it is more secure than
older standards like WPA2 or WEP.
o Disable WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) to avoid vulnerabilities in
wireless network connections.

4.Monitor Network Traffic and Logs:

 Use network monitoring tools to track traffic patterns and detect unusual
activities that may indicate a potential security breach.
 Regularly review log files from servers, firewalls, and routers to identify signs
of hacking attempts or unauthorized access.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

5.Educate Users on Security Best Practices:

 Train employees and network users about phishing attacks, social engineering,
and other common techniques hackers use to gain access.
 Emphasize the importance of not clicking on suspicious links or downloading
files from untrusted sources.

6. Implement Access Control Policies:

 Use role-based access control (RBAC) to grant users access to only the
resources they need.
 Enforce the principle of least privilege, ensuring that users have the minimum
access necessary to perform their tasks.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

6.Skill Developed:-
Network hacking involves a wide range of technical skills and knowledge, which are
developed through practice, study, and real-world experience. Some of the key skills
developed in network hacking include:

1. Cybersecurity Knowledge: A deep understanding of network security

protocols, encryption methods, and firewalls is essential for both identifying
vulnerabilities and defending against attacks.
2. Programming and Scripting: Proficiency in languages such as Python, C, C+
+, Java, or scripting languages like Bash and PowerShell is necessary to write
custom tools, automate tasks, and exploit vulnerabilities.
3. Network Protocols Understanding: Knowledge of networking protocols such
as TCP/IP, DNS, HTTP, and others helps hackers identify and exploit
weaknesses in network communications.
4. Penetration Testing: The ability to conduct authorized security tests (ethical
hacking) to identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks by simulating
cyber-attacks.
5. Vulnerability Assessment: Identifying and exploiting weaknesses in operating
systems, software, and network infrastructure.
6. Cryptography: Understanding encryption and decryption techniques, which are
used to break security mechanisms or secure communications.
7. Malware Analysis: The ability to analyze and reverse-engineer malware to
understand how it works and find ways to counter it.
8. Social Engineering: Developing skills to manipulate individuals into revealing
sensitive information through techniques like phishing, pretexting, or baiting.
9. Forensics and Incident Response: Analyzing and responding to security
breaches, tracking attack vectors, and gathering evidence to understand the
scope and impact of the attack.
10.Tool Proficiency: Familiarity with various hacking tools like Metasploit,
Wireshark, Nmap, Burp Suite, and others, which aid in vulnerability scanning,
network analysis, and exploit development.

These skills are essential for both ethical hackers and malicious actors, but they should
always be used responsibly and within legal boundaries to ensure cybersecurity rather
than compromise it.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

7.Application:-
Network hacking, while often associated with malicious activity, also has several
legitimate and constructive applications, particularly in the fields of cybersecurity and
IT defense. Here are some key applications:

1. Penetration Testing (Ethical Hacking): Professionals simulate cyber-attacks to

test the security of systems and networks, identifying vulnerabilities before
malicious hackers can exploit them. This helps organizations strengthen their
defenses and protect sensitive data.
2. Vulnerability Assessment: Network hackers assess networks to find
weaknesses, misconfigurations, or outdated software that could be exploited.
This proactive approach ensures that organizations address security gaps and
reduce the risk of attacks.
3. Incident Response and Forensics: Hacking skills are used to investigate cyber
incidents, identify the cause of a security breach, and collect evidence for legal
or corrective actions. This application helps organizations respond effectively to
attacks and recover from breaches.
4. Security Research: Network hacking techniques are used by security
researchers to discover new vulnerabilities, develop better security protocols,
and create tools to protect against evolving cyber threats. This research
contributes to the overall improvement of cybersecurity standards.
5. Malware Analysis and Reverse Engineering: Hackers use their skills to study
and reverse-engineer malware, identifying how it spreads, how it can be
neutralized, and how to develop countermeasures. This helps in creating
antivirus software and other security tools.
6. Improving Network Security Tools: Ethical hackers contribute to the
development of network security tools like firewalls, intrusion
detection/prevention systems, and encryption algorithms. Their knowledge of
hacking techniques helps create more effective tools for protecting networks.
7. Hacktivism: In some cases, hacking is used to promote social, political, or
ideological causes. Hacktivists target governments or corporations to protest
perceived injustices, often in the form of DDoS attacks or defacement of
websites. While controversial, this form of hacking highlights the intersection of
technology and activism.
8. Red Teaming: In this practice, security teams simulate the tactics of real-world
hackers (often using network hacking techniques) to test the resilience of an
organization’s security posture. Red teaming helps organizations identify
weaknesses and improve their defenses.

While network hacking has these beneficial applications, it's important to emphasize
that hacking must always be done responsibly and within legal frameworks to avoid
ethical and legal consequences.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

8.Conclusion:-

In conclusion, network hacking is a complex and ever-evolving issue that poses

serious risks to digital security. While malicious hackers exploit vulnerabilities to gain
unauthorized access, steal sensitive information, and disrupt services, ethical hackers
use similar techniques to strengthen security systems and identify weaknesses before
they can be exploited. The growing reliance on digital infrastructure across industries
has made network security a priority for businesses, governments, and individuals
alike.As cyber threats become more sophisticated, it is crucial to adopt advanced
security measures such as encryption, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems.
Regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing are essential practices to
identify and mitigate potential risks. Additionally, training and awareness programs for
employees are key to reducing the risk of social engineering attacks, such as
phishing.Network hacking also highlights the importance of legal and ethical standards
in cybersecurity. While some hackers engage in hacktivism to promote political or
social causes, most acts of hacking are illegal and can lead to significant financial and
reputational damage. Therefore, it is vital to promote responsible hacking practices
within legal boundaries.

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Department Of Computer Engineering Network Hacking

9.Reference:-

https://www.campusify.co.in

Sr. Name of Specifications Quantity Remarks

No Resources/material
1 Book Emerging Trends in 01 -
Information and
Technology
2 Book Network Hacking 01 -
Author
Dylan Mach
3 Website https://www.networkn 01 -
cyclopedia.com
https://www.insecure.
in

https://www.networkencyclopedia.com

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