T O M O R R O W T O D AY

SIGNA™ Explorer
AIR™ IQ Edition data sheet

gehealthcare.com/mr
Magnet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Patient Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Gradients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Host computer and Recon engine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

RF Transmit and Receive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

RF Coils and Arrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Imaging and Display Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Autoflow Workflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Imaging Options and Parallel Imaging Support† . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Post processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SIGNA™Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

NeuroWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

BodyWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

CVWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

OrthoWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

OncoWorks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

PaedWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

SIGNA™Works continued. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Site Planning and power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Magnet
The cornerstone of MRI Magnet Homogeneity‡
The SIGNA™ Explorer system features the stable, short-bore, highly V-RMS Homogeneity Specifications
homogeneous superconducting LCCw, a modern wide-bore design
Diameter of Spherical
magnet. Guarenteed ppm Typical ppm
Volume -DSV
10 cm 0.02 0.007
High Homogeneity 0.035
20 cm 0.06
The homogeneity of the magnet contributes to consistently 0.15 0.10
30 cm
achieving high image quality in applications such as:
40 cm 0.5 0.40
• Large FOV imaging, up to 50 cm x 50 cm x 50 cm
45 cm 1.25 1.04
• Off-center imaging such as Liver, Shoulders and dual-breasts.
48 cm 2.75 2.1
• Robust and dependable Fat saturation and ‡
Volume Root-Mean-Square (V - RMS) Values are computed from
• Other advanced applications such as whole body coverage, 24 measurements on each of 32 planes with linear terms set to
Diffusion EPI, Tensor Imaging and Spectroscopy zero.
• Zero boil off*
Patient comfort features:
The SIGNA™ Explorer magnet enclosures are designed for patient
comfort.
Operating Field 1.5 Tesla
• Dual-flared patient bore with 105 cm flare in the front
Active Shield with 3 Linear
Magnet shielding • 45.7 cm spacious vertical space between the table-top
shim channels
and the gantry inside the bore
Magnet Shimming Active and passive
• In-bore lighting and ventilation
EMI shielding 99% shielding factor
Magnet length 195 cm • Two-way In-bore Intercom system
Magnet weight 3900 kg • Feet-first positioning
Magnet cooling Liquid Helium only • Laser alignments for axial and sagittal reference planes
Long term magnet stability < 0.1 ppm • Dual sided controls
Manufacturer GE Healthcare

*Under normal operating conditions

3
Patient Table
The SIGNA™ Explorer system can be configured with two patient Lite detachable table
table options (A) Low Height Fixed Table with Express Posterior
Patient Table Height 49.0 cm to 96.5 cm continuous
Array embedded coil and (B) detachable table.
Automated, power driven
Patient Table Drive
Vertical & longitudinal
Low Height Fixed Table Longitudinal Speed
10.0 cm/sec (fast) and
1.25 cm/sec (slow)
Total Table Length 213.0 cm
Low Height Fixed table
Total Table Travel 244.0 cm
Patient Table Height 49.0 cm to 96.5 cm continuous
Positioning repeatability ± 1.0 mm
Automated, power driven
Patient Table Drive Maximum Patient weight for
Vertical & longitudinal 160kg
scanning
10.0 cm/sec (fast) and
Longitudinal Speed
1.25 cm/sec (slow)
Vertical Speed 1.7 to 2.6 cm/sec Standard detachable table
Total Table Length 215.5 cm Patient Table Height 68.5 cm to 96.5 cm continuous
Total Table Travel 244.0 cm Automated, power driven
Positioning repeatability ± 1.0 mm Patient Table Drive
Vertical & longitudinal
Maximum Patient weight for 10.0 cm/sec (fast) and
200 kg (440 lbs) Longitudinal Speed
scanning 1.25 cm/sec (slow)
Total Table Length 225.5 cm
Detachable table Total Table Travel 244.0 cm
The SIGNA™ Explorer detachable table allows your technologists Positioning repeatability ± 1.0 mm
to scan one patient while preparing another outside the scan Maximum Patient weight for
160 kg
room. When the scan room is free, the next patient can be moved scanning
quickly and easily to the magnet by a single technologist. The
detachable table not only enables productivity, but also provides
additional patient safety. If an emergency arises, the detachable
table is designed to allow a technologist to remove the patient
from the scan room in less than 30 seconds.

4
Gradients
The SIGNA™ Explorer gradients deliver outstanding spatial and The gradients are non-resonant and actively shielded to reduce
temporal resolution. The high slew rate and 100% duty cycle eddy currents.
provide short TR, TE and echo spacing (ESP) to achieve adequate The gradient coil and Body coil are integrated into a single module.
temporal resolution.
The SIGNA™ Explorer 1.5T MR system utilizes a single module,
Vibro-acoustic Isolation
consisting of the gradient and RF Body coil. It is epoxy-filled and
both water and air-cooled for a high-level duty cycle performance. GE has designed a special vibro-acoustic dampening pad to
isolate the magnet from the building and thereby reduce the
The low-power water-cooled gradient amplifier ensures that
transmission of acoustic noise in the structures in the vicinity. This
SIGNA™ Explorer remains highly energy-efficient without
pad is positioned under the feet of the magnet and its dampening
compromising the temporal resolution.
characteristics are optimized for the 1.5T magnet.

3D Geometry Correction
This standard feature applies gradient-position error correction
in asymmetric, off-centre and large FOVs to improve the image
quality. It is available for gapless 2D prescriptions and all 3D
prescriptions except single slice, radial slices, multi-angle and
PROPELLER.

Peak Amplitude 33 mT/m

Peak Slew Rate 120 T/m/s
Maximum FOV 50 cm
Gradient Duty Cycle 100%

5
Host computer and Recon engine
SIGNA™ Explorer provides adequate processing speed and image Host Computer
storage capacity to handle even the most demanding applications.
Main CPU Intel Xeon W-2123 CPU (4 core, 8 threads)
Clock rate 3.6 GHz
Recon Engine
Main Memory 64 GB
Reconstruction performance today is challenged by explosive
Cabinets Single Tower
growth in data, and increased computational complexity. The
amount of data to be stored and processed continues to increase Hard disk 1024 GB SSD
with the advances in MR system technology. The SIGNA™ Explorer Image Storage 3,300,000 uncompressed 256 x 256 image
is designed to meet that challenge with 64 GB-memory and fast CD/DVD drive. Image exchange and short-term
recon speed. Media Drives storage is possible with DVD writer. The DVD
capacity is 35,000 images per 4.7 GB DVD
Recon Engine Network Gigabit (10/100/1000) Ethernet
Main Processor Dual Intel Xeon Sliver 4110
Clock rate 2.1 GHz Orchestra Reconstruction Platform
Memory 64 GB Orchestra is a high performance computing software library
Hard disk storage 1 x 480 GB SSD toolbox that enables new possibilities for integration of advanced
reconstruction elements. Delivering enhanced productivity gains
Intel i350 QP 1GB Network by increased image reconstruction speed and minimizing workflow
Ethernet Transfer speed
Card disruptions. A powerful platform not only built to support the
37,000 FFT/second at 256 x most demanding application such as DISCO.
Reconstruction speed
256 matrix for full FOV

AIR™ Recon
Reconstruction System Gen Reconstruction is at the heart of every scan, and reducing noise
7 during reconstruction is critical to achieving clear images.
PRFORMANCE-DL** With AIR™ Recon, GE's smart reconstruction algorithm available
Operating system Scientific Linux on several key applications like PROPELLER, Cube, FSE and Flex,
Processor Dual Intel Xeon Silver 4214 you can reduce background noise and out-of-FOV artifacts while
improving SNR. The result is cleaner, crisper images without having
Clock rate 2.2 GHz
to overcompensate in your scanning protocol.
Memory >= 128GB
Network 1 GbE
AIR™ Recon DL**
Hard disk storage >= 960 GB
Deep Learning based reconstruction to reduce noise, blurring and
2D FFT/second 63000 ringing artifacts for MR images. AIR™ Recon DL, a GE-first deep-
GPU Nvidia Tesla T4 learning application for MR image reconstruction, is designed to
improve signal-to-noise and image sharpness, enabling shorter
scan times. It uses trained neural networks to remove noise and
ringing from the reconstructed image.

**AIR Recon DL is not CE marked. It can not be placed on the market until it has been registered in regulated countries. 6
RF Transmit and Receive
The SIGNA™ Explorer is based on 8/16 high bandwidth receivers. RF Receive
Signals from independent receive coils within an array, are directly
Receive channels 16 selectable
connected to independent receive channels for excellent SNR in all
applications. Analogue to Digital converters 16 selectable
Sampling rate 80 MHz @ 16 bits per channel
ADC sampling resolution 16 bit
Optical RF
Receive signal filtering/ Digital, non-recursive, linear
Conventional design of the MR scanner places the RF receivers in decimation FIR
the electronics room. In such design strategies, the MR signal is
Quadrature demodulation Digital
susceptible to random electrical noise prior to being digitized by
the ADCs. Receive dynamic range >145 dB/Hz
The OpTix RF receivers are located inside the magnet enclosures Receive signal resolution Up to 32 bits
in the shielded scan room, isolated from external noise sources. Pre-amplifier noise figure <0.5 dB for body
The MR signal is digitized within the scan room and transmitted via
fiber optic cables to the reconstruction engine in the electronics
room. The close proximity of the receivers to the patient reduces
noise and improves image quality.
Optical RF technology increases SNR for all volume acquisitions,
independent of which surface coil is being used.

RF Transmit
Water-cooled compact, solid-
RF amplifier
state
10 kw for body and 2 kw for
Maximum output power
head
Maximum RF field >24 µT
RF Exciter Frequency 63.86 ± 0.65 MHz
Amplitude control 16 bit
Frequency resolution >0.596Hz/step
Phase resolution <0.0055 deg/step
Amplitude stability <0.09 dB/minute
Phase stability <1.5 deg/minute
Frequency stability 14 parts per billion
RF pulse control Digital

7
RF Coils and Arrays
SIGNA™ Explorer offers an assortment of quadrature and Optional Surface coils
multi-channel array coils to ensure outstanding image quality
8-channel lnvivo Brain array
and coverage.
8-channel Breast array
All configurations include the following two Transmit/Receive coils: 3-channel shoulder array
8-channel Cardiac array
Transmit/Receive coils 8-channel shoulder array
16-rung quadrature birdcage coil with Quadrature Knee/Foot birdcage coil with chimney design
look-out mirror 8-channel Foot/Ankle array
Patient friendly with split-top design 8-channel Transmit/Receive Invivo Knee array
Transmit /
Receive head coil 28 cm diameter and 38 cm length 8ch Body array
Applications include brain, extremities and 16ch Flex Array Small 23 x 38 cm
other miscellaneous applications when 16ch Flex Array Medium 23 x 48 cm
other specialty coils are not available
16ch Flex Array Large 23 x 70 cm
Transmit Receive 16-rung quadrature birdcage coil Endo-rectal coil with Interface
integrated body
coil 60 cm inner diameter for up to 50 cm FOV 8-channel Wrist array
4ch Flex Coil Large 53.5 x 24.0 cm

The Express coil suite, compatible with the fixed table 4ch Flex Coil Small 37.5 x 24.0 cm
configuration, is designed to provide outstanding coverage, and 3” Round coil for orbits. ankle. IAC, wrist and other
convenient workflow. small structures
5” Round coil for orbits. ankle. lAC, wrist and other
Express coil suite small structures
• 16-element Dual Array adapter for simultaneous use of 2 x 3” round coils for
the applications such as high-resolution dual TMJ
Express • Optimized for Brain, C-spine and Neuro-
Vascular MRA 16ch 29-element Head-Neck-spine array
Head-Neck
array 12-channel Body Array
• Removable top with Open-face design
8-channel lnvivo NV array
• Lookout mirror
8-channel CTL spine array
• 12-element coil with superb SI
Express Posterior coverage of thorax, abdomen, pelvis, 8ch Flex 40 Array 20 x 40 cm
Array coil and TL spine 8ch Flex 50 Array 20 x 50 cm
embedded in
• High-sensitivity elements ensure 8ch Flex 70 Array 20 x 70 cm
the cradle
excellent contrast and resolution Some of the coils need 16-channel configuration and detachable
• 12-ch imaging of the thorax, abdomen table. Please contact GE representative for more details or refer to
and pelvis in conjuction with Express the techno-commercial offer for SIGNA Explorer.
Express Anterior Posterior Array
array AA coil
• Offers improved SNR and coverage up
9-element for the
to 56 cm in SI direction
16-channel system
• Light weight with openings for EKG
leads

8
Imaging and Display Parameters
• Direct axial, sagittal, coronal, oblique and • ClariView Image Filtering
Imaging double/triple oblique plane imaging
planes • 5 image filters to achieve image sharpening
• 3 Plane Localizer pulse sequence and image smoothing
• 0.1 mm to 100 mm in 0.1 mm increments in Image Display
• Minified Reference Scoutview
2D mode Features
• Cine Paging (up to 4 windows and 128
• 0.05 mm to 10 mm in 0.1 mm increments in images/window)
3D mode
• Add/Subtract /Edit Patient Data
• Operator variable inter-slice spacing in • Two Graphic/Text planes overlay the entire
Slice
increments as small as 0.1 mm. Interleave screen
thickness
multi-slice imaging Image
• Grid placement with anatomical reference
• 4 – 512 contiguous slice volume imaging in Annotation
on an image
increments of 2 in 3D mode Features
• Drawing and annotation may be added to
• 2D Standard Multi-Slice Imaging with as and removed from images
many as 2048 slices
• Respiratory Triggered FSE
• 1 to 50 cm in 1 cm increments in all planes
• Flow Compensation
FOV • Ability to scan off-center FOV and
Asymmetric FOV • Respiratory Compensation
• Phase encoding from 32 to 1024 in steps of • Peripheral Pulse Gating
32. Frquency ecoding of 64 to 1024 • Graphic Prescription
• Respiratory Triggering concurrent with ECG • Explicit Saturation (SAT outside and inside
gating the FOV and concatenated SAT)
• ZIP (Zero Filled Interpolation Processing) Imaging • Graphic Saturation (oblique and cursor
methods: Parameters placement SAT inside the FOV)
Imaging • Through-plane ZIP (slice) reconstructs • No Phase Wrap
Matrix images interpolated between acquired slices
• Fat/Water (Spectral Chem-Sat) Saturation
for high-resolution 3D reformations
• Extended Dynamic Range
• In-plane ZIP (matrix) reconstructs data at a
higher resolution matrix than selected, for • Phase and Frequency Offset
optimized balance between SNR and spatial • Asymmetric FOV
resolution. Options include 512 ZIP and 1024
ZIP • Flexible NPW

• Peripheral Gating • Square Pixel

• Respiratory gating • DICOM 3.0 Basic Grayscale Print Service

Gating Class
• VCG Fating Networking
Protocols • DICOM 3.0 send, receive and query/retrieve
• Cardiac adaptive digital gating
supported • InSite point-to-point
Image Display • 256 Image buffer (256 x 256) at 35 fps
• TCP/IP (for system administration)
• Zoom/Roam/Flip/Rotate/Scroll
• DICOM 3.0 Modality Work List Service
• Explicit Magnify & Magnifying Glass Class supported with optional Connect Pro
• Image Measurement Tools Grid On/Off software
• Cross Reference/User Annotation • DICOM 3.0 Storage Service Class
Image Display • Exam/Series Page • Service Class User (SCU) for image send
Features DICOM
• Hide Graphics/Erase Annotation/Screen • Service Class Provider (SCP) for image
Conformance
Save receive
Standards
• Accelerator Command Bar • DICOM 3.0 Query/Retrieve Service Class
• Compare Mode/Reference Image/ Image • DICOM 3.0 Storage Commitment Service
Enhance Class
• DICOM 3.0 Basic Grayscale Print Service 9
Class
Imaging and Display Parameters (continued)
TR, TE, and Echo Spacing
Sequences Parameters 64 x 64 128 x 128 256 x 256 512 x 512
2D Spin Echo Min. TR N/A 3 ms 4 ms 5 ms
Min. TE N/A 1.712 ms 2.112 ms 2.552 ms
Min. slice thickness N/A 0.6 mm 0.6 mm 0.6 mm
2D Fast Spin Echo Min. TR N/A 3 ms 4 ms 6 ms
Min. TE N/A 1.712 ms 2.112 ms 2.928 ms
Min. slice thickness N/A 0.1 mm 0.1 mm 0.1 mm
Min. ESP N/A 1.712 ms 2.112 ms 2.928 ms
Max. ETL N/A 480 480 480
3D Fast Spin Echo Min. TR N/A 61 ms 61 ms 110 ms
Min. TE N/A 6 ms 7 ms 16.7 ms
Min. slice thickness N/A 0.3 mm 0.3 mm 0.3 mm
Min. ESP N/A 1.984 ms 2.552 ms 7.984 ms
Max. ETL N/A 329 329 329
2D Fast Gradient Echo Min. TR 0.7 ms 0.9 ms 1.1 ms 1.6 ms
Min. TE 0.224 ms 0.224 ms 0.228 ms 0.24 ms
Min. slice thickness 0.1 mm 0.1 mm 0.1 mm 0.1 mm
3D Fast Gradient Echo Min. TR 0.7 ms 0.88 ms 1.14 ms 1.54 ms
Min. TE 0.22 ms 0.22 ms 0.22 ms 0.24 ms
Min. slice thickness 0.1 mm 0.1 mm 0.1 mm 0.1 mm
Echo Planar Imaging Min. TR 4 ms 5 ms 5 ms N/A
Min. TE 1.1 ms 1.2 ms 1.6 ms N/A
Min. slice thickness 0.4 mm 0.4 mm 0.4 mm N/A
Min. FOV 40 mm 40 mm 40 mm N/A
Min. ESP 0.252 ms 0.352 ms 0.564 ms N/A
Images per second 142 78 32 N/A
Max. b value 10000 s/mm 2
10000 s/mm 2
10000 s/mm 2
N/A
Max. # for ADC 40 40 40 N/A
Max. Diffusion Tensor Directions 300 300 300 N/A

Slice Thickness and FOV

Minimum slice thickness in 2D 0.1 mm
Minimum slice thickness in 3D 0.05 mm
Minimum FOV 10 mm
Maximum FOV 500 mm
Min/Max matrix 32-1024

10
Autoflow Workflow
SIGNATM Explorer's AutoFlow suite of features makes workflow • Display and export ROI statistics from the Summary table
easier and more efficient than ever: • Export graph values as csv file
• Save State let you save and restore the state of the
processed images at any stage.
• Contextual help pages that give general assistance about the
image processing algorithms.
• Save all generated parametric images in one click.

Ready Brain Application

An MRI examination of the brain consists of a number of
connected steps. Ready Brain provides the flexibility to
Ready Interface System automate these connected steps from acquiring a localizer
The SIGNA™ Creator Ready Interface incorporates many features image, prescribing acquisition planes, scanning relevant series,
designed to lighten the workload of the technologists. The SIGNA™ performing post-processing up to transferring the final image data
Creator includes an automated protocol-driven workflow and to a reading station. By standardizing the steps of an exam and
user interface designed for consistency in generating high-quality the location of the scan planes, such automation could result in
imaging for all patients and from all technologists.Simultaneous greater consistency, especially in the longitudinal follow-up.
scanning, reconstructions, filming, archiving, networking, and Ready Brain features an automatic localizer, automatic
post-processing can help achieve productivity, efficiency, and calculation of the mid-sagittal plane for 2D/3D prescription,
streamlined data management. determination of the AC-PC line, and correction for
extreme (>45 degree) rotation.
Analyze the following type of MR data sets:
• Time series Express coil productivity
• Diffusion weighted scan The Express coil suite, compatible with the fixed table
configuration, is designed to provide convenient workflow when
• Diffusion tensor scan
imaging the central nervous system, thorax, abdomen and pelvis.
• Variable echo imaging
• Blood oxygen level dependent imaging Auto Protocol Optimization (APx)
• Spectroscopy (single voxel and 2D or 3D CSI) Auto protocol Optimization enables a simple and automated
• Elastography1 imaging workflow for breath-hold imaging. Technologists are liberated
from torublesome parameter adjustments to optimize scan
• Simple workflow to process and fuse functional data.
time and image quality by selecting among protocol parameters
• Select and process functional data with One Touch single automatically calculated by the MR system. Auto Protocol
click capability. Optimization enables braeth-hold exams with more reliable image
• READY View automatically selects the most relevant quality and more predictable exam duration, regardless of patient
protocol for you. profile (breath hold capability and physical characteristics) or
operator skill level.
• Efficient multi-contrast exam reading using MR General
Review based on smart layout technology.
• Adaptive multi-parametric protocols as guided workflow Auto Navigators:
to streamline processing and analysis of multi-parametric Delivers real-time robust free breathing respiratory motion
studies. compensation tostreamline routine and advanced body imaging.
• Display all multi-parametric images and get all related They are compatible with DISCO, Turbo LAVA,Turbo LAVA Flex ,
functional values from a single ROI deposition. GE’s body and cardiac imaging suite.

• Fully customizable workflows with adjustable layouts,

personalized parameter and settings, custom review steps.
• Easy-to-use slide bars let you segment parametric images in
real time.

11
Autoflow Workflow (continued)
Pause and Resume: Inline processing capabilities
Eliminates the need to redoscans or retrace your steps, giving you Diffusion Weighted Automatic compute and save
greater flexibility to respond to patient needs mid-scan. Images ADC/ eADC Maps
Diffusion Tensor Images Automatic compute and save
eXpress PreScan 2.0 FA/ADC Maps
Optimized PreScan step leading to an increase in efficiency of the Image Filtering: A-F, SCIC, Automatic compute and save
calibration process enabled by the new eXpress algorithm 2.0 PURE
FSE phase correction algorithms. This leads to as much as a 40% Maximum/Minimum Automatic compute and save
reduction in pre-scan time, translating to a time savings per exam Intensity Projection
of up to 6 minutes* (Based on a routine MSK protocol containing Reformat to orthogonal Automatic compute and save
conventional FSE based sequences). planes
T2 Map for cartilage Automatic compute and save
evaluation
Modality Worklist
FiberTrak Automatic load
The modality worklist (MWL) provides an automated method
Spectroscopy – Single voxel Automatic load
of obtaining exam and protocol information for a patient directly
brain and breast metabolite
from a DICOM Worklist server. The protocol may be selected
well in advance of the patient’s arrival at the MR suite, thereby 3D Volume Viewer Automatic load
simplifying exam preparation and reducing necessary work by the Spectroscopy – 2D/3D Automatic load
technologist during the time-critical procedure. The ConnectPro Chemical Shift Imaging
software enables the DICOM worklist server class for the SIGNA™ BrainStat (Readyview) Automatic load
Explorer Operator’s Console. Image Fusion Automatic load
Pasting Automatic compute and save
Inline viewing SER (Readyview) Automatic load
Inline viewing allows the user to conveniently view, eDWI Automatic compute and save
compare, and analyze images without having to switch 3D ASL Automatic compute and save
to the Browser. Simply select the series to view from the Workflow
Manager and the images are displayed along
with standard image display tools. By selecting multiple
series at a time, a user can perform image comparisons.
The integrated viewer allows the user to seamlessly
move between scanning and image viewing.

Inline processing
The SIGNA™ Explorer workflow automates many of the routine
tasks that previously required user interaction. This dramatically
reduces the workload for the user and helps ensure that
consistent and repeatable images are presented for review.
Processing steps are automatically completed immediately after
the data has been reconstructed and the images saved into the
database. These automated processing steps can be saved in the
Protocol Library to ensure consistent exam workflow for each type
of patient.
For certain tasks, such as vascular segmentation, the user must
accept the results, or complete additional steps prior to saving the
images to the database. In these cases the data is automatically
loaded into the appropriate tool, then the system will await
further instruction by the user. Examples of fully automated and
partially automated inline processing include:

12
SIGNA™ Explorer with AutoFlow
Autoflow ProtoCopy
The SIGNA™ Explorer with autoflow scan interface incorporates Standard on every SIGNA™ Explorer system, the ProtoCopy feature
many features designed to lighten the workload by automating enables a complete exam protocol to be shared with the click of
many routine steps. a mouse. The exam protocol can originate from either a library or
The SIGNA™ Explorer includes an automated protocol-driven previously acquired exam. This enables routine archive of protocols
user interface designed for consistency in generating high-quality for emergency backup and simple management of libraries across
imaging for all patients and from all technologists. Designed for multiple systems.
efficiency, the SIGNA™ Explorer computer platform is built upon
a parallel, multi-processor design that delivers the simultaneity Workflow manager
and speed needed for advanced clinical operation. Productivity,
Once a protocol has been selected for an exam, it is automatically
efficiency and streamlined data management are achieved
loaded into the Workflow Manager. The Workflow Manager
through simultaneous scanning, reconstruction, filming, archiving,
controls image prescription, acquisition, processing, visualization,
networking and post-processing.
and networking and may fully automate these steps if requested.
Though the protocol-driven workflow can dramatically simplify
and automate image acquisition and processing, the flexibility that
is synonymous with GE systems is maintained. If desired, the user
can have complete control of exact sequence parameters for site
optimization and patient specific situations.

Protocol libraries and properties

The SIGNA™ Explorer system provides the user with complete
control of protocols for simple prescription, archiving, searching,
and sharing. The protocols are organized into two main libraries,
GE Optimized and Site Authored. For quick search and selection,
each protocol may be archived with independent properties The Workflow Manager
based on patient demographics, anatomy, type of acquisition, or automatically loads the protocol
identification number. For commonly used protocols, a favorites and controls image prescription,
acquisition, processing, and
flag may be used for quick selection from the Modality Worklist or visualization
for sharing across other libraries.

AutoStart*
If AutoStart is selected, once the landmark position has been set
and the technologist exits the scan room, the Workflow Manager
will automatically start the acquisition.

AutoScan*
With AutoScan enabled, the Workflow Manager will sequentially
Adult and Pediatric Protocol libraries for simple management of exams
go through the list of prescribed series without any user
interaction. Once a series has been completed, the next series
will be scanned automatically. For series requiring contrast, the
system will await user interaction.

Auto calibration
A calibration scan is necessary for any acquisition that uses either
ASSET parallel imaging or PURE surface coil intensity correction.
A system preference can be selected to automatically acquire
calibration data if desired. When needed, a calibration scan is
automatically prescribed and acquired based on the clinical
imaging volumes saved by the user. The reduced time lapse
Each protocol or series can be saved with user-defined properties to simplify between the calibration and clinical scan minimizes possibility of
search and selection for future use. Favorite protocols can be highlighted for
quick selection from the Modality Worklist or other libraries. patient movement and this may help improve image quality.

13
SIGNA™ Explorer with AutoFlow (continued)
Linking Image fusion
Linking automates the prescription of images for each series in an To better visualize tissue and contrast, multiple images from
exam. Once the targeted anatomical region has been located the separate acquisitions can be overlaid on one another. With the
Linking feature combines information from a prescribed imaging SIGNA™ Explorer high-resolution 2D and 3D anatomical images
series to all subsequent series in the Workflow Manager. All series can be fused with functional data or parametric maps for
that have been linked may automatically be prescribed (Rx) and no improved visualization for the user. The data is registered using
further interaction will be needed by the technologist to initiate translation and rotation to ensure accurate fusion.
the scan. The user has control over which specific parameters The automated workflow features of the system can be used
can be linked together. Series can have common fields of view, for any anatomy and for any sequence. When combining the
obliquity, slice thickness, anatomical coverage, saturation bands, technology of AutoStart,* Linking, Inline Processing, AutoVoice,*
or shim volumes. Multiple series can be linked together and saved and the AutoScan* features, an entire exam can be completed
in the Protocol Library or edited in real time. Linking may be used with just a few actions. The flexibility of the SIGNA™ Explorer
with any anatomy and with any acquisition. Once the first volume user interface and acquisition parameters helps ensure that each
is prescribed, all other subsequent series with the same planes acquisition is tailored for every patient. However, the technologist
can be automatically prescribed and acquired. steps are kept consistent
Linking Image fusion
MR Standard 3D Registration
ADC/eADC 3D Registration
Diffusion Tensor 3D Registration
BrainSTAT 3D Registration
SER (Signal Enhancement Ratio) Reformat
T2 Mapping Reformat
Spectroscopy (Brain and Breast) Automatic load

AutoVoice
The AutoVoice feature will ensure that consistent and repeatable
instructions are presented to the patient for each and every
exam. User selectable, pre-recorded instructions are presented
at defined points in the acquisition. This helps ensure that the
patient is in the right position and is fully aware of the next step
in the acquisition process. AutoVoice is particularly helpful during
breath-hold exams. The AutoVoice feature includes instructions in
over 14 languages and the user can create and include their own
unique voice instructions for local needs.

14
Imaging Options and Parallel Imaging Support†
Imaging options
Pulse sequence • 3 D Slice Zip x 2 (Z2)/ • Magnetization Transfer
imaging options • Zip x 4 (Z4) • MRCP
• ARC* • Multi-Phase/Dynaplan
• ART • Multi-Station
• ASSET • Navigator
• Blood Suppression • Real Time
• Cardiac Compensation • Respiratory Compensation
• Cardiac Gating/ • Respiratory Gating/Triggering
Triggering • Sequential
• Classic • SmartPrepTM
• DE Prepared • Spectral Spatial RF
• EDR • Square Pixel
• Flow Compensation • T2 Prep
• Fluoro Trigger • Tailored RF
• Full Echo Train • Zip 512/Zip 1024
• IDEAL
• IR Preparation
Parallel Imaging • 2D DT-EPI • 3D BRAVO • Cine IR
Array Spatial Sensitivity Encoding Technique (ASSET) • 2D DW-EPI • 3D COSMIC • eDWI
imaging option is a 1D image-based parallel imaging • 2D FGRE • 3D Cube T1 • Fast 2D Phase
technique used to speed data acquisition. For temporally • 2D FIESTA • 3D Cube T2 Contrast
sensitive acquisitions, ASSET reduces image blurring • 2D FIESTA FastCARD • 3D Cube T2FLAIR • FGRE Timecourse
and motion, enables greater anatomical coverage, and • 2D FIESTA FastCINE • 3D Cube DIR • IFIR
reduces SAR. Parallel imaging acceleration factors ranging • 2D FIESTA Fat Sat • 3D Cube PD • Inhance Inflow
from 1-3.0 are supported depending on the coil selected. • 3D Delta Flow • PROPELLER MB
ASSET 3.0 • 2D FRFSE • 3D Dual Echo • SWAN 2.0
Next generation reference scan algorithm which provides • 2D FRFSE-XL IDEAL • 3D Fast TOF GRE • PS-MDE
improved control over motion related artifacts and • 2D FSE IDEAL • 3D Fast TOF SPGR • BB SSFSE
dephasing which can occur during the reference scan • 2D FSE • 3D FGRE • 3D PROMO
step. The new ASSET 3.0 reference algorithm leads to a • 2D FSE Double IR • 3D FGRE IDEAL • DISCO
reduction in artifacts caused by motion or dephasing in • 2D FSE-IR • 3D FIESTA • DW Duo (LX DWI
clinical results. The improvement is also utilized in the • 2D FSE Triple IR • 3D FIESTA-C Propeller)
PURE image uniformity correction. • 2D FSE-XL IDEAL • 3D FRFSE • Flex
• 2D FSPGR • 3D FRFSE MRCP • HyperSense
ARC Parallel Imaging • 2D GRE-EPI • 3D FSPGR • IR & SR Prepared
Auto-Calibrating Reconstruction (ARC) parallel imaging • 2D MDE • 3D FSPGR IDEAL • PROMO
eliminates breath-hold mismatch errors by imbedding • 2D MFGRE • 3D Heart
the calibration data within the scan data. In addition, this • 2D SE-EPI • 3D LAVA
innovative reconstruction permits small FOV imaging by • 2D SSFSE • 3D LAVA FLEX
minimizing focal parallel imaging artifacts from the exam. • 2D SSFSE 3-Plane • 3D MDE
Supporting both 1D and 2D acceleration, net acceleration • 2D SSFSE-IR • 3D MERGE
factors of up to 4 can be achieved. ARC together with • 2D SSFSE MRCP • 3D QuickSTEP
CUBE can be used in all anatomies. • 2D T1FLAIR • 3D SWAN
With the SIGNA™ Explorer, the following applications are • 2D T2MAP • 3D TOF GRE
parallel imaging enabled: • 3D TOF SPGR
• 3D TRICKS
• 3D Velocity Inflow
• 3D VIBRANT
• 3D VIBRANT FLEX

†Some product features may not be available in all countries 15

Post processing
easily. Some of the key capabilities of READYView are
Quick way to generate
volumetric images for MR Analyze the following type of MR data sets:
or CT Angiography without • Time series
threshold data or removing
Multi-Projection Volume unwanted anatomy. • Diffusion weighted scan
Reconstruction (MPVR) • Diffusion tensor scan
An entire volume is used to
generate images in any plane, • Variable echo imaging
creating real time frames of • Blood oxygen level dependent imaging
reference at the same time.
• Spectroscopy (single voxel and 2D or 3D CSI)
Provides real time assessment
Multi-Planar • Elastography1 imaging
of anatomy in off-axis planes.
Reformation
Sagittal, coronal, oblique, and • Simple workflow to process and fuse functional data.
(MPR)
curved planar reformations.
• Select and process functional data with One Touch single
Curved reformations click capability.
Other standard analysis Batch reformations • READY View automatically selects the most relevant
features Comparison Mode protocol for you.
Multi-image ROI • Efficient multi-contrast exam reading using MR General
Surface coil intensity Review based on smart layout technology.
correction (SCIC) and phase • Adaptive multi-parametric protocols as guided workflow
SCIC & PURE
array uniformity correction to streamline processing and analysis of multi-parametric
(PURE) studies.
Combines a series of MR • Display all multi-parametric images and get all related
images acquired in multiple functional values from a single ROI deposition.
stations of the body into
• Fully customizable workflows with adjustable layouts,
a single image. Pasting 1.1
personalized parameter and settings, custom review steps.
provides the convenience of
viewing a single image rather • Easy-to-use slide bars let you segment parametric images in
MR Pasting
than several images. The real time.
applications include pasting of • Display and export ROI statistics from the Summary table
multiple images of sagittal
spine imaging and carotid • Export graph values as csv file
to abdominal aorta and • Save State let you save and restore the state of the
peripheral vascular imaging. processed images at any stage.
• Contextual help pages that give general assistance about
READYView the image processing algorithms.
READYView is a visualization platform that enables access to • Save all generated parametric images in one click.
advanced post processing tools that enable both speed and
advanced capabilities. It helps the user get the most from multi-
parametric exams by enabling analysis of MR data sets with
multiple images for each scan location. The user experience
driven framework offers a combination of protocols and tools
that enables quantified analyses of multiple data sets quickly and

16
SIGNA™Works
The latest software platform provided by GE, it includes the base SIGNA™Works provides:
pulse sequences, workflow enhancements and visualization tools Software platform with a wider range of assets for image
to enable high productivity with exceptional quality and outcomes. acquisition, display and post processing.
SIGNA™Works, starting with the acquisition provides the tools
needed to enable superb results in the various clinical fields. With • Strategically packaged to deliver speed, high quality diagnostic
6 optimized Works categories, GE delivers preset protocols for the images and reliable post processing to each clinical area.
most demanding Neuro, Musculoskeletal, CardioVascular, Body, • An intelligent combination of MR pulse sequences and
Oncology and Paediatric areas. In addition to enabling the routine advanced techniques, designed to bring solutions for enhanced
imaging, SIGNA™Works provides the user with a streamlined and care and productivity.
efficient operating environment with in-line processing through
• From SE, FSE, frFSE, Inversion Recovery, SSFSE, SSFSE-IR, GRE,
single-click outcomes for even the most demanding processes.
FGRE, SPGR, FSPGR to Volumetric imaging, Motion Correction,
Diffusion Weighted, Vascular imaging and beyond.

17
NeuroWorks
The following NEURO • 3D FIESTA C Enhanced Diffusion Weighted
applications are standard with • 3D COSMIC
Multi b-value
the SIGNA™ Explorer • 2D/3D MERGE
SIGNA™Works. • MR Pasting 3:1, Tetrahedral
• 2D/3D TOF Smart NEX
• Ready Brain eDWI
• 2D/3D Phase Contrast Angio Inversion recovery for robust Fat Sat
• Diffusion Weighted EPI
• Magnetization Transfer RTFA: Increases SNR by 50% and distortion
• EPI 2D GRE for BOLD
Contrast reduction for accurate post processing
acquisitions
• T1-SE MEMP when compared to dual spin echo
• EPI FLAIR
• 2D STIR • T1 FLAIR Visualization ADC and eADC
• 3D Cube • T2 FLAIR
• 3D FIESTA • T1/T2 FSE Dynamic Brain Function
EPI-GE/SE T2* pulse sequence for DSC
NeuroWorks includes the basic imaging acquisitions and processing (Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast) Brain
along with the latest in motion correction, functional and Perfusion
BrainSTAT
volumetrics. Supporting both simple reconstruction and real-time Blood flow
Perfusion and
perfusion results with Brainstat AIF. Blood volume
Analysis
Mean transit time
Volumetric Imaging
Time to peak parametric
PD, T1, T2, T1 FLAIR, T2 FLAIR, STIR, MSDE Fusion
3D Cube Isotropic high resolution volumetric
Manage tracer arrival differences due to
One sequence, reformat in all planes BrainSTAT (AIF)
patient flow dynamics
DIR, typically but not limited to CSF and Arterial
3D Cube DIR Automatically or manually specify the AIF to
white matter suppression Input Function
normalize maps
< 1 mm isotropic, MP-RAGE optional Visualization Brain STAT
BRAVO T1 sequence of choice for functional data
overlay Spine Imaging
3D reformat MPR High SNR T2* contrast
Volume segmentation 2D/3D MERGE Gray/white matter differentiation
Visualization
Volume rendering Foraminal detail
Auto-contour
SSFP to emphasize T2 signal for improved
3D COSMIC contrast
Motion Correction
Nerve root and disc detail
Multiple contrasts – T1, PD, T2, T1 FLAIR,
T2 FLAIR and DWI 3D reformat MPR
PROPELLER MB
Motion reduction Visualization Volume segmentation
Magnetic susceptibility effects reduction Volume rendering
Registration
Visualization Additional Neuro Imaging Options
Motion correction
Magnetization
One Touch Protocol Transfer Contrast
Automated multi series, multi plane T1-SE MEMP
prescription
READYBrain Combine with Auto Scan for one touch Enables semi-automatic annotation of
Express Spine
protocol vertebral bodies on saggital T2W spine
Annotation
images.
In-line for auto post processing

Spectroscopy
Concentrations of in-vivo metabolites
evaluation
Acquisition and display
PROBE PRESS
Reduced flip angles for lower min TE values
Up to twice the SNR when compared to
PROBE STEAM
Visualization Brain Spectroscopy 18
BodyWorks
Following BODY applications are standard with the SIGNA™ Enhanced Diffusion Imaging
Explorer SIGNA™Works.
Multi b-value,
• LAVA and LAVA XV
3:1, Tetrahedral
• 3D FRFSE-XL for high res MRCP
Smart NEX
• 2D and 3D Dual Echo eDWI Inversion recovery for robust Fat Sat
• 2D SSFSE
RTFA: Increases SNR by 50% and distortion
• 2D FSE-XL reduction for accurate post processing
• 2D STIR/ FIRM when compared to dual spin echo
• T2 Fatsat FRFSE-XL ADC and eADC
Visualization
• 2D FatSat FIESTA Fusion

• LAVA XV
• 3D Cube Dynamic Body Imaging
• 2D FSPGR with Fatsat SPGR Fast Liver Acquisition
LAVA
• 3D FSPGR SPECIAL for robust fat suppression
• Multi-phase variable delays ARC acceleration for full organ coverage
LAVA Turbo
Shorter breath-holds
The latest in torso imaging is delivered with volumetric imaging Customizable phase delay for dynamic
supporting advanced parallel imaging standard. Including, studies
Snapshot imaging with optimized Single Shot FSE, 3D isotropic Multi Phase Series per phase
imaging for MRCP, Dynamic Imaging and Routine Volumetric Dynaplan
imaging enabled with Motion Free navigation for post-contrast Auto subtraction
uses with high temporal resolution results. Motion correction Pause after mask
is further enhanced with both the Auto navigator as well as MR standard
PROPELLER including Visualization
SER
T1-weighted results. Turbo class of acquisitions, streamlines the
speed and enables higher quality results. Advanced processing is
Non-Invasive Non Contrast Biliary System – MRCP
made one-touch with the new READYView on Console capabilities.
T2 Prep for background suppression
3D frFSE MRCP
Breath-hold and Auto navigator
Volumetric Imaging
T2-weighted, with sub second single slice
Isotropic high resolution volumetric
3D Cube acquisition
One sequence, reformat in all planes
High signal from fluids
In- and out-of-phase
Good suppression of other tissues
Used to help identifying fatty infiltration,
2D SSFSE Snapshot acquisition, motion artifacts
3D Dual Echo focal fatty sparing, liver lesions,
virtually eliminated
and other conditions
Thin slices and thick slab protocols
High spatial resolution
3D reformat MPR Single breath-hold acquisition

Volume segmentation MIP post processing

Visualization Excellent contrast between ducts and
Volume rendering
2D FatSat FIESTA gallbladder with surrounding anatomy
Auto-contour
FatSat for increased conspicuity
Motion Correction T2-weighted
PROPELLER MB Motion reduction High resolution
2D frFSE
Auto Navigator Free-breathing tracker Supplementary information for assessment
Respiratory of extra ductal masses
Free-breathing bellows
Trigger 3D Reformat MPR
Visualization
Registration MIP & HD MIP
Visualization 19
Motion correction
CVWorks
The following Cardiac applications are standard with the SIGNA™ T2* Mapping
Explorer SIGNA™Works.
• VCG Gating • SmartPrep for vascular T2* mapping compatible with gating for
StarMap cardiac evaluation
• VCG Gated GRE and Fast runoffs
SPGR • SmartStep for vascular Non-invasive evaluation of the entire organ
• Double and Triple IR runoffs READYView R2 Star
• Fast Cine • MR Pasting
• iDRIVE Pro realtime imaging • 2D/3D Phase contrast Angio Navigator Free-breathing Acquisition
• Fluro-Trigerred MRA • 2D/3D TOF Used with 3D IR Prepared FGRE or 3D Fat
• TRICKS • 3D Fast TOF with GRE/SPGR Sat FIESTA
Navigators
• 2D FIESTA Cine for ce-MRA Free-breathing navigator diaphragm
tracking
CVWorks provides GE’s extensive coverage for the latest
techniques enabling high performance CardioVascular imaging
Flow Imaging
outcomes. Single Breath-hold imaging for whole heart coverage
are available from Morphology to Delayed enhancement. Enabling Flow velocity and volume flow quantification
simplified generation of superb results including head-to-toe MRA Peak and average flow charts and graphics
support to single acquisition Time of Flight and additional non- Flow Analysis Automated contour detection
contrast imaging for flow. With SmartPrep and Fluoro triggering Brain, chest and abdominal clinical
enable for first-time right contrast injections. applications

Myocardium Delayed Enhancement Contrast Enhancement Tracking

Robust Myocardial Suppression SmartPrep Automated bolus tracking
Fat Suppression Fluoro triggered Real Time bolus tracking
Adiabatic IR Pulse Adiabatic fat suppression pulse
Visualization MIP & HD MIP
Improved characterization of enhancing
tissue
Peripheral Vascular Runoff
Single-Shot Myocardial Delayed
Multi-station, multi phase acquisition
Enhancement (SSH MDE) Shorten breath-
holds or free breathing for better patient Automatically prescribes, acquires, and
tolerance combines images from multiple stations
MDE PLUS QuickStep
Potential for reduced scan time Entire exam complete with no user
intervention in as little as 7 minutes
Imaging arrhythmic patients
Auto subtraction
Snapshot imaging for motion reduction
Inversion Recovery FGRE sequence Non Contrast Vascular Imaging
Phase-sensitive image reconstruction
Carotid bifurcation, venous anatomy, aortic
Phase Sensitive Consistent myocardial suppression, even 2D TOF
arch, peripheral vesselsr
MDE (PSMDE) with sub-optimal TI
Circle of willis, intracranial vasculature,
Improved contrast for myocardial 3D TOF
abdominal vasculature
Potential to shorten overall exam time
Intracranial vasculature, carotid bifurcation,
Single Breath Hold Whole Heart 3D TOF Multi Slab aortic arch, peripheral vessels, venous
anatomy
Difficult patients with irregular heartbeats
or limited breath-hold capacity Localizer, flow direction and velocity for
2D Phase intracranial and extracranial vasculature,
Black Blood Potential to shorten exam times
Contrast portal or hepatic vein, quantitative
SSFSE Shorten breath-holds for better patient measurement of flow velocity
tolerance
3D Phase
Whole chest survey Intracranial vasculature, renal arteries
Contrast
Viability Imaging Visualization MIP & HD MIP
Multiphase FGRE Cine acquisition…quick The feature provides an inline
assessment of optimal TI time for MDE post-processing task that automatically
Inline Self
Captures image contrast evolution at corrects phase-contrast images from
Calibrating Phase
CINE IR different TI times background phase error for MR flow imaging
Contrast
by using areas in the image that are known
Adiabatic Inversion Recovery for uniform
to have zero velocity.
myocardial suppression
Support both 1 RR and 2 RR mode 20
OrthoWorks
Following ortho applications are standard with the Motion Correction
SIGNA™ Explorer SIGNA™Works.
Multiple contrasts – T1, PD, T2 and STIR
• 2D STIR PROPELLER MB
Motion reduction
• 2D FSE-XL
Registration
• 2D GRE Visualization
Motion correction
• 3D FIESTA
• 3D Cube T2*-weighted Imaging
High SNR T2* contrast
• 3D FSPGR/FGRE
Visualization of ligaments while adding soft
• FATSAT 3D MERGE
tissue contrast
Reduced chemical shift
OrthoWorks delivers routine imaging that is not always a given.
From motion correction to advanced volumetric imaging, GE’s Fast, high resolution volumetric imaging
latest MSK techniques provide you with the contrasts you need for 3D COSMIC SSFP to emphasize T2 signal for improved
the basic imaging to enhanced cartilage imaging. And with multiple contrast
tissue suppression methods available, OrthoWorks enables the 3D reformat MPR
best of what can be achieved in a standard configuration.
Visualization Volume segmentation
Volume rendering
High Resolution Imaging
Intermediate PD, T1, T2-weighted imaging Fat Supression
Compatible with FatSat, ASPIR, STIR and Chemical FatSat Frequency selective fat saturation
SPECIAL STIR Inversion recovery fat null point method
FSE & frFSE
Gold standard for articular cartilage, Solution for poor fat suppression due to B1
ASPIR
cartilage ligaments, menisci and subcondral inhomogeneity
bone Hybrid method between chemical FatSat
SPECIAL
and STIR
Volumetric Imaging
Spectral Spatial Water excitation only
PD, T1, T2, STIR
3D Cube Isotropic high resolution volumetric
One sequence, reformat in all planes
3D reformat MPR
Visualization Volume segmentation
Volume rendering

21
OncoWorks
OncoWorks delivers a complete platform for your needs in Enhanced Diffusion Weighted
prostate, breast and radiation therapy planning. From the basic
Multi b-value
routine acquisitions to whole body imaging including volumetric
and enhanced diffusion capabilities, GE enables superb linearity 3:1, Tetrahedral
from the gradient platform and hardware performance. GE Smart NEX
provides the necessary preset protocols to supply you with eDWI
optimal imaging for your oncology needs that is further enhanced Inversion recovery for robust FatSat
visualization capabilities so that your results can be a single click RTFA: Increases SNR by 50% and distortion
away. reduction for accurate post processing
when compared to dual spin echo
Visualization ADC and eADC
Volumetric Imaging
PD, T1, T2, T1 FLAIR and T2 FLAIR Dynamic Imaging
3D Cube Isotropic high resolution volumetric SPGR dynamic fast acquisition
Multi-phase SPGR
One sequence, reformat in all planes SPECIAL for robust fat suppression
DIR, typically but not limited to CSF and MR standard
3D Cube DIR Visualization
white matter suppression
SER
< 1 mm isotropic, MP-RAGE optional
BRAVO T1 sequence of choice for functional data overlay Whole Body Scanning
3D reformat MPR Whole body imaging
Volume segmentation FSE-IR/3D SPGR/
Multiple stations with large FOV
Visualization DWI
Volume rendering Metastasis screening
Auto–contour Consistent set-up
Multi-station Auto-table movement
localizer Auto-pasting
Efficient work-flow

22
PaedWorks
PaedWorks is the GE solution to address your specific needs in Dynamic Brain Function
paediatric imaging, from standard sequences supported with the
Blood flow
latest in motion control for brain to toes. GE delivers standard
acoustic reduction technologies and further addresses clinical BrainSTAT Blood volume
needs for volumetric imaging, whole body imaging and enhanced Perfusion and Mean transit time
diffusion results. The streamlined processing enables simplified Analysis
one-click processing and visualization of complex results. Time to peak parametric
PaedWorks covers your needs for all anatomies and provides Fusion
optimized protocols and preset procedures. Manage tracer arrival differences due to
BrainSTAT patient flow dynamics
Arterial Input
Volumetric Imaging Function (AIF) Automatically or manually specify the AIF to
PD, T1, T2, T1 FLAIR and T2 FLAIR normalize maps
Visualization BrainSTAT
3D Cube Isotropic high resolution volumetric
One sequence, reformat in all planes Spectroscopy
DIR, typically but not limited to CSF and Concentrations of in-vivo metabolites
3D Cube DIR
white matter suppression evaluation
< 1 mm isotropic, MP-RAGE optional sequence Acquisition and display
BRAVO T1
of choice for functional data overlay PROBE PRESS
Reduced flip angles for lower min TE values
In- and out-of-phase used to help identifying
fatty infiltration, focal fatty sparing, liver Up to Twice the SNR when compared to
3D Dual Echo lesions, and other conditions PROBE STEAM
Visualization Brain spectroscopy
High spatial resolution
3D reformat MPR Spine Imaging
Visualization Volume segmentation High SNR T2* contrast
Volume rendering 2D/3D MERGE Gray/white matter differentiation
Foraminal detail
Motion Correction
SSFP to emphasize T2 signal for improved
PROPELLER MB Motion reduction
3D COSMIC contrast
Auto Navigator Free-breathing tracker
Nerve root and disc detail
Respiratory
Free breathing bellows 3D reformat MPR
Trigger
Registration Visualization Volume segmentation
Visualization
Motion correction Volume rendering

One Touch Protocol

Automated multi series, multi plane
READYBrain prescription
(Not recommended
Combine with auto scan for one touch
for under 1 year of
protocol
age)
Inline for auto post processing

23
SIGNA™Works
SIGNATMWorks is the fuel that drives your imaging to the next level • IR-prepared 3D-GRE with ARC parallel imaging for Brain Volume
and beyond. imaging BRAVO

Spin Echo Pulse sequences 3D Dual Echo

Spin Echo and Fast Spin Echo sequences have been the mainstay With improvements in parallel imaging and RF coil arrays,
in MR imaging due to their robust signal and well understood volumetric imaging in body is becoming a standard of care. The
contrast behavior. The XL version of the FSE is designed to enable 2D/3D Dual Echo sequence produces in-phase and out-of-phase
an extended train of echoes to reduce the T2 blurring and the fast images in a single breath-hold. As a result, the high-resolution
recovery FSE helps in reducing TR without compromising the T2 images are in perfect alignment helping to simplify the diagnostic
weighting. process. In addition, the excellent SNR of the 3D acquisition
• 2D Spin Echo permits the thinner slices than are traditionally available using 2D
techniques.
• 2D FSE-XL
• 2D SSFSE (single shot) LAVA
• 2D SSFSE IR LAVA delivers excellent spatial and temporal resolution with large
• 2D FRFSE-XL (Fast Recovery version) volume slice coverage in significantly shorter total scan times than
those possible with conventional 3D gradient echo techniques.
LAVA provides outstanding Liver breath-held imaging without
Single-Shot Fast-Spin Echo
compromising in-plane spatial resolution.
An ultra-fast technique that permits complete image acquisition
following a single RF excitation. It can acquire slices in less than
LAVA-XV
one second, making it an excellent complement to T2-weighted
brain, abdominal imaging and MRCP studies. LAVA-XV utilizes auto-calibrating ARC parallel imaging technique
that needs no coil sensitivity maps. It is less sensitive to motion
artifacts compared to the conventional LAVA based on ASSET.
SSFSE Snapshot
SSFSE Snapshot The imaging efficiency of navigated/respiratory
2D and 3D MERGE
triggered SSFSE can be improved by imaging multiple slice
locations per trigger event with SSFSE Snapshot. Multiple Echo Recombined Gradient Echo (MERGE) uses multiple
echoes to generate high-resolution images of the C-spine with
excellent gray-white matter differentiation. By combining early
3D FRFSE
echoes with high SNR and late echoes with improved contrast, the
Coupled with respiratory gating, this 3D FSE sequence result is improved cord contrast within the spinal column.
uses a novel “recovery” pulse at the end of each echo train
to recapture signal for the next repetition. These features
2D/3D TOF
result in high-resolution three-dimensional images for MR
cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) studies. 2D Gated TOF Imaging, 3D TOF Imaging and enhanced 3D TOF
Imaging are based on conventional gradient echo imaging
techniques. TOF imaging techniques rely primarily on flow-related
Gradient Echo Pulse sequences
enhancements to distinguish the moving spins from the stationary
The main advantage of GRE sequences is its shorter TR spins.
enabled by lower flip angles and gradient inversions instead
of 180° RF pulses. Consequently, the GRE sequences are
2D/3D Phase contrast
better suited to a variety of 3D volumetric applications
including ce-MRA techniques. These techniques demonstrate flow velocities and directional
properties in vessels and other moving fluids such as cerebral
SIGNA™ Explorer system’s innovative imaging chain and spinal fluid and aortic flow.
high fidelity gradients offer short TRs and TEs.
• 2D GRE/SPGR
3D LAVA Star**
• 2D FGRE/FSPGR
LAVA Star is free breathing, single-phase, motion robust, 3D radial
• 3D GRE/SPGR scan (stack of stars) technique. It is used for single phase (pre-
• 3D FGRE/FSPGR contrast or delayed) imaging to produce worry-free, consistent
image quality regardless of the patient's condition. LAVA Star
• ECG gated FGRE
employs radial in-plane trajectory to provide active motion
• ECG gated Fast SPGR compensation without navigators or bellows.

**LAVA Star is not 510(k) cleared and not CE marked. It can not be placed on the market until it has been registered in regulated countries. 24
SIGNA™Works (continued)
Inversion Recovery Pulse sequences relaxation changes resulting from variations in blood flow and
This is an SE sequence with preparatory 180° pulse to flip oxygenation. A BOLD image acquisition is typically a single shot,
the net magnetization vector by 180° to null the signal from a multiphase, GRE-EPI with high number of phases. Within each
particular entity, very often water. The variants of the IR available series, you can acquire multiple phases and multiple slices.
with our SIGNA™Works are: The pre-selected images from the series can be loaded in
• 2D T1 FLAIR (Fluid Attenuated IR) to Readyview to automatically compute parametric images.
Magnification factor, WW/WL, and threshold functions are
• 2D T2 FLAIR (Fluid Attenuated IR) available for post processing.
• STIR – Short TI Inversion Recovery
• Double IR and Triple IR for black blood imaging in assessment of BrainSTAT
carotid plaques cardiac imaging
BrainSTAT is a standard post processing application that
automatically generates parametric maps for neuro Blood
Echo Planar sequences Flow, Blood Volume, Mean Transit Time, and Time to Peak
signal intensity. A Gamma Variate fitting algorithm is deployed
With echo-planar imaging, a single echo train is employed
to automatically estimate the values for the four parametric
to collect data from all lines of k-space during one TR. In
maps. The maps may be saved in DICOM format and fused with
the single shot version, all the k-space lines are collected
high-resolution anatomic datasets to visualization of tissue and
in a single TR and in case of the multi-shot EPI it is collected over
anatomy.
multiple TRs. EPI is an excellent choice for diffusion weighted
imaging. An optional add-on to the Brain STAT package enables the user to
automatically or manually specify the Arterial-Input Function (AIF)
SIGNA™ Explorer offers comprehensive EPI techniques with short
based on the temporal form of the signal, to normalized Blood
echo spacing:
Flow, Blood Volume, Mean Transit Time, and Time to Peak signal
• EPI SE intensity maps based on the patients’ vascular flow dynamics.
• EPI GRE
• EPI Diffusion Weighted Diffusion Weighted EPI
• EPI FLAIR (single shot version helps in DWI) Single Shot FLAIR EPI and Single Shot, diffusion-weighted
EPI with b-values up to 10,000 s/mm2 is standard with SIGNA™
Explorer that is based on
ART Acoustic Reduction Technology
• Automatic isotropic diffusion-weighted image generation
This feature modifies pulse sequences without compromising the
image quality to reduce the acoustic noise to improve the patient • Multi-NEX capability
comfort. • Online image processing
• ADC maps
Other SIGNA™Works applications
SIGNA™Works also includes many advanced applications such as Flow Analysis
real-time imaging, BOLD acquisitions and multistation vascular
Allows Flow Quantification in vasculature such as carotid artery.
imaging.

i-Drive Pro real-time imaging

3D Cube
i-drive Pro brings real-time interactive imaging to the MR
3D Cube has potential to replace several slice-by-slice,
system for imaging of organs such as heart, GI tract and spine. It
plane-after-plane 2D FSE acquisitions with a single 3D volume
allows the user to change scan parameters easily, including during
scan, providing you with T1, T2, T2 FLAIR, PD or DIR sequences. You
scanning, to evaluate the results immediately.
can easily reformat sub-millimeter isotropic volume data from a
single acquisition into any plane without gaps, and with the same
resolution as the original plane. Our self-calibrating ARC parallel SPECIAL - Spectral Inversion at Lipids
imaging helps eliminate artifacts while accelerating the image
Spectral Inversion at Lipids (SPECIAL) uses an inversion pulse
acquisition.
transmitted at the frequency of fat and timed to the null point
of fat. This results in higher signal produced from protons bound
BOLD fMRI analysis on Readyview in water and a decreased signal from nuclei precessing at the
frequency of fat. The flip angle of the inversion pulse is optimized
Correlation Coefficient algorithm is used to analyze an image
based on the prescribed TI, TR, and flip angle. SPECIAL is available
set acquired with the EPI. Neuronal activity of either motor or
with 3D FRGE and 3D Fast TOF sequences.
cognitive functions can be mapped by fMRI through changes in
signal intensity arising from bulk magnetic susceptibility-induced 25
SIGNA™Works (continued)
SmartPrep 3D COSMIC
SmartPrep uses a special tracking pulse sequence to monitor the Coherent Oscillatory State Acquisition for the manipulation of
MR signal through a user-prescribed volume to detect the arrival imaging contrast is a 3D sequence for imaging of axial c-spine.
of an injected contrast bolus and to trigger the acquisition, for COSMIC uses modified fast GRE pulse sequence with steady-state
optimum contrast enhancement. It does so by integrating the free precession segmented multi-shot centric k-space acquisition.
following: This improves the CNR and SNR of c-spine tissue including the
• Efficient multi-station scouting capabilities spinal cord, vertebral disks, nerve root canal and contrast between
CSF and nerve roots.
• Ultra flexible multi station Graphic Rx for precise multi-station
RF tuning with pre-scan ahead
2D FatSat FIESTA
• Automated triggering, table motion and coil switching
Application of robust fat-suppression with SPECIAL (Spectral Fast Imaging Employing STeady-state Acquisition (FIESTA) is
Inversion at Lipid) designed to produce high SNR images extremely rapidly and with
excellent contrast between tissues. The contrast relies on a steady
• The result is acquisition techniques that deliver consistently
state for the transverse magnetization, which builds as a series of
high-resolution results by making routine use of elliptic-centric
radio frequency pulses and special gradient pulses are repeated
encoding and ZIP reconstruction to create images as large as
after an extremely short repetition time, TR. FIESTA accentuates
1024x1024 pixels
the signal from tissues that have a long T2 and short T1. FIESTA
has the capability to suppress the signal from fat, especially to
SmartStep create more contrast between the vasculature and surrounding
tissues.
The SmartStep adds programmable stepping capability to
SmartPrep to plan and optimize your contrast enhancements.
2D FIESTA CINE
Fluoro-Triggered MRA Fast Imaging Employing STeady state Acquisitions is a fully
balanced steady-state coherent imaging pulse sequence that
Fluoro-Triggered MRA images the selected anatomy continuously,
has been designed to produce high SNR images at very short TR.
enabling the user to manually trigger each acquisition as soon as
The pulse sequence uses fully balanced gradients to re-phase
the MR-operator is satisfied with the level of vessel enhancement.
the transverse magnetization at the end of each TR interval.
This switch-over occurs almost instantly, in less than one second.
This sequence accentuates the contrast of anatomy with high
T2/T1 ratios (such as the cardiac blood pool), while suppressing
TRICKS the signal from tissues with low T2/T1 ratios (such as muscle
Time Resolved Imaging of Contrast KineticS (TRICKS) technology and myocardium). This enhances the contrast between the
is designed to use intricate temporal sampling with complex myocardium and the blood pool.
data recombination to accelerate the temporal resolution of 3D
dynamic imaging – without compromising spatial resolution. Easy VCG Gating
to set up, TRICKS rapidly generates time-resolved 3D images
Allows more robust trigger detection.
of blood vessels to help meet the challenge of capturing peak
arterial phases. With TRICKS, the different vascular phases can be
extracted quickly after image acquisition. Connect Pro
ConnectPro software enables the DICOM worklist server class
3D FIESTA-C for the operator-console, making it possible for the console to
query your HIS/RIS by name, modality, or scheduled date, and
This phase-cycled FIESTA reduces sensitivity to susceptibilities
to download patient demographics directly to the scanner. This
that may be encountered when imaging in the posterior fossa. It
may require separate gateway hardware to connect non DICOM-
provides exquisite contrast that is equated for visualization of the
compatible HIS/RIS systems to the MR system.
internal auditory canal. It is also well-suited for T2 imaging through
the cervical spine.
Performed Procedure Step
3D FIESTA Performed Procedure Step (PPS) is an important automated
connectivity capability and a key step towards a film-less and
3D FIESTA (Fast Imaging Employing Steady-state Acquisition) is
paperless environment. In conjunction with the GE PACS broker, it
a technique that uses an extremely short repetition time (TR)
automatically notifies the HIS/RIS and PACS systems of procedure
between RF pulses such that high-resolution 3D volume images
status, which then closes the loop on the information gathered
can be acquired rapidly. The 3D FIESTA technique is especially
from patient arrival through billing. This results in improved
useful for the rapid acquisition of high-spatial-resolution images of
patient care and enhanced productivity.
static structures such as cochlea, internal auditory canal,
or joints. 26
SIGNA™Works (continued)
QuickSTEP Diffusion Tensor Imaging with Fiber Tracking
QuickSTEP automatically prescribes, acquires, and combines This package expands the EPI capability to include diffusion tensor
images from multiple stations for fast acquisition and exam imaging, a technique that acquires diffusion information in up to
completion. To complete the entire exam in as little as 6 minutes, 300 different diffusion directions. It generates image contrast
the system will automatically acquire mask datasets from multiple based on the degree of diffusion anisotropy in cerebral tissues
stations without any user intervention. Secondary images are then such as white matter. Readyview capabilities on the console
acquired at the same independent table positions. The system (included with SIGNA™Works) create Fractional Anisotropy (FA),
will automatically subtract the mask images from the secondary Apparent Diffusion Weighted (ADC) and T2-Weighted TRACE
dataset and combine the resulting images from the multiple maps. The FiberTrak post-processing utility generates eigen-
stations into one series. The user needs only to complete a quick vector information from the diffusion tensor acquisition and
review of the data prior to insertion of images into the database. processing. Using a robust and efficient seeding process, three-
dimensional renderings of the diffusion along white matter tracts
are generated.
SWAN 2.0
SWAN 2.0 is a high-resolution 3D multi-echo gradient echo
sequence that produces weighted averaging across images with PROBE – 2D CSI / 3D CSI
different TE’s to achieve higher susceptibility weighting. It provides This extends the PROBE-PRESS capabilities with simultaneous
minimum intensity projections over neighboring slices, enhancing multi-voxel in-plane acquisitions. Post-processing, including the
contrast for certain tissues containing iron, venous blood, and generation of metabolite maps is automatically generated with
other substances with susceptibilities that are different than Readyview Performance package.
the background tissues. SWAN 2.0 outputs an unwrapped phase
image leading to increased delineation between diamagnetic
products and paramagnetic products (such as blood or iron). 3D ASL (Arterial Spin labeling)
Due to the nature of the weighted averaging of the multi-echo 3D ASL utilizes water in arterial blood as an endogenous contrast
sequence, the SNR of SWAN is higher than that of a single-echo medium to help visualize tissue perfusion and provide quantitative
acquisition. SWAN 2.0 helps visualize and delineate small vessels, assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ml/100 g/min. 3D ASL
as well as large vascular structures and iron or calcium deposits in deploys stocked spiral FSE readout with modulated fiip angle to
the brain. acquire 3D volumetric data with increased SNR and less image
distortion compared to conventional 2D EPI-bosed ASL techniques.
A pulsed continuous labeling is applied to Iobel arteriat blood
IDEAL close to the imaging volume thus improving conspicuity of flowing
This sequence and reconstruction package acquires multiple blood. Selective interwoven pulses are then used to saturate and
echoes at different echo times with a fast spin echo readout to invert the imaging volume, in order to achieve better background
create water-only, fat-only, in-phase and out-of-phase images. suppression, and reduce sensitivity to motion. The 3D volume can
IDEAL is designed for imaging those difficult regions such as be reformatted to axial sagittal coronal or oblique planes. The
the neck and spine where inhomogeneous magnetic fields yield quantitative color CBF mops can be generated and stored in
failures with traditional fat saturation techniques.
DICOM format. 3D ASL helps generate robust, reproducible images
and perfusion maps with high SNR. Reduced motion artifacts and
IDEAL IQ less distortion in high magnetic susceptibility regions.
IDEAL IQ is a GE exclusive technique that builds upon the original
IDEAL (Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo VIBRANT
Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation) technique. IDEAL IQ
VIBRANT* (Volume Imaging for Breast AssessmeNT) permits
acquires multiple images of the anatomy at separate echo times
high definition bilateral imaging of both breasts in the time that it
to calculate the phase differences and determine triglyceride fat
normally takes to image a single breast. VIBRANT integrates ASSET
and water content per pixel. It exploits the resonance frequency
parallel imaging, bilateral shimming, and a patented
differences between triglyceride-fat and water, measured as
phase differences in multiple echoes, to resolve the triglyceride-fat fat-suppression technique developed specifically for breast
and water. It provides reliable and uniform water-fat separation in imaging. VIBRANT allows the slices to be acquired in either the
the presence of B0 field inhomogeneity and improves the accuracy sagittal or axial orientation.
of waterfat separation by estimating and correcting for T2* decay
between echoes and by more accurately modeling triglyceride VIBRANT Flex
fat’s spectral profile as multiple peaks rather than a single peak.
The result is a triglyceride fat-fraction map image that reflects VIBRANT Flex uses a time-efficient dual-echo acquisition with 2D
the spatial distribution of relative concentration of triglyceride fat ARC parallel imaging to produce water-only, fat-only, in-phase,
within a voxel. and out-of-phase images of the breast in a single scan. The Flex
processing eliminates fat saturation failures to provide a clear
depiction of the underlying breast anatomy.
27
SIGNA™Works (continued)
BREASE Inhance Inflow IR non-contrast MRA
BREASE is a TE averaged PRESS spectroscopy acquisition help The high-SNR, bright-blood behavior of the steady-state
characterize breast anatomy. sequences, such as FIESTA is well known. The Inhance IFIR further
enhances this phenomenon by applying a selective inversion pulse
over the region of interest to invert arterial, venous and static
LAVA Flex
tissue, and then, at the null point of the venous blood, applying an
LAVA Flex is a 3D FSPGR imaging technique that generates fat/ excitation pulse to generate strong arterial signal.
water in-phase and out-of-phase echoes in a single acquisition.
The other technologies used in this application are – ASSET
Up to 4 types of image contrasts may be achieved within one
parallel imaging, SPECIAL spectral fat saturation and respiratory
acquisition: in phase, out of phase, water only, fat only. The water
gating.
only contrast differs from a conventional fat suppressed image
in that an inversion prep pulse is not applied for fat suppression.
In fact, the fat information is removed leaving a water only image Inhance 3D DeltaFlow non-contrast MRA
that may potentially be used in place of a LAVA type image. LAVA Inhance 3D DeltaFlow, based on 3D FSE, has been specially
Flex uses ARC. (Auto Calibrating Reconstruction for Cartesian designed for peripheral arterial imaging.
Sampling), a 2D self-calibratedparallel imaging technique that
allows for acceleration in both phase and slice directions for The cardiac-gated 3D FSE acquires two echoes - one in diastole
supported coils. and the other in systole. The slow arterial flow during diastole
results in bright arteries in the diastolic-images while faster
arterial flow during systole results in darker arteries in the systolic-
CartiGram T2 Map images. Subtraction of the two provides arterial-only images with
Cartigram is a non-invasive technique for the visualization of excellent suppression of venous-flow and the background signal.
subtle changes in the cartilage ultra-structure. It employes special Interleaved acquisition and ASSET parallel imaging with optimized
multi-echo T2 weighted technique to generate multiple images per k-space trajectory helps respectively reduce motion miss-
location. The acquired data is processed in Readyview to produce registration and improve vessel visualization. In addition, the
the T2 color maps that better demonstrate subtle changes use of partial-Fourier and coronal plane acquisition allows for
compared to the conventional gray scale visualization. considerably reduced scan time.

Inhance 3D Velocity non-contrast MRA iDrive Pro Plus

This technique, based on 3D Phase Contrast, is specially designed iDRIVE Pro Plus expands the capabilities of standard iDrive Pro
for neuro and renal arteries. The role of phase contrast MRA is well with:
established in visualization of complex, multi-directional flow in
• Geometric changes to image plane location, obliquity, rotation,
brain as well as renal arteries. The Inhance 3D Velocity takes this
center FOV and FOV size
technique few steps ahead by
• Contrast parameters such as spatial pre-saturation on/off,
• 3D Volumetric acquisition with ASSET parallel imaging
special sat pulses, flow comp and RF spoiling
• Improved background suppression and Respiratory trigger to
• Application of a non-selective IR pulse
enable abdominal applications
• Swapping phase and frequency
• Respiratory trigger to enable abdominal applications
It starts with an intuitive point-and-click user interface and live,
on-image navigation icons. It continues with click-of-the-mouse
Inhance 2D Inflow non-contrast MRA image book-marking and a suite of localization and drawing tools,
This technique is based on 2D TOF, which is known for its speed and includes capabilities from 10-level undo/redo,
and simplicity while imaging the unidirectional blood flow such as built-in time, autoNEX and click-of-the-mouse display/review/save,
in carotids, popliteal and femoral. all to streamline even the most complex exams and manipulations.
The Inhance 2D Inflow technique further improves the
effectiveness of 2D TOF by employing:
• Peripheral Gating
• Centric k-space acquisition to match peak systolic signal
• Dummy RF for saturating diastolic signal
• More views/segment and
• ASSET parallel imaging

28
SIGNA™Works (continued)
3D FatSat FIESTA PROBE PRESS single voxel spectroscopy
3D FatSat FIESTA is software designed for imaging of the coronary PROBE PRESS single-voxel spectroscopy allows you to
arteries. The software acquires 3D images using FIESTA (Fast non-invasively evaluate the relative concentrations of in-vivo
Imaging Employing STeady-state Acquisition). Fat suppression metabolites and lets you acquire and display volume-localized,
is applied to accentuate the coronary arteries. The use of VAST water-suppressed H1 spectra in single voxel mode. The package
(Variable Sampling in Time) technology greatly shortens includes automated recon, cquisition set-up and graphic
prescription of spectroscopic volumes. The standard sequence
breath-holding requirements or allows for higher spatial
consists of three slice-selective RF pulses with crusher gradients.
resolution.
The PRESS sequence makes use of reduced flip angles to
decrease TE time of the sequence. The key advantage of PRESS
FGRE Time Course (over STEAM) is that it provides up to twice the SNR and hence
The FGRE Time Course PSD is a fast gradient-echo sequence decreased exam time or voxel size. It is the sequence of choice for
optimized for time-course studies. FGRE TC utilizes single-echo all Hydrogen single voxel spectroscopy data acquisitions with TE
acquisition to help reduce sensitivity to echo mis-alignment values ≥ 35 ms.
or system calibrations variations. ASSET parallel imaging and
shortened RF pulse design are incorporated to help improve Express Spine Annotation
temporal resolution and reduce motion related artifacts. In
Enables semi-automatic annotation of vertebral bodies on saggital
addition to selective notch pulse, it also supports non-selective
T2W spine images.
saturation pulse for excellent background suppression and
multi-plane imaging capability.
eDWI
The enhanced Diffusion Weighted Imaging technique has been
2D/3D Myocardial Delayed Enhancement (MDE)
designed to provide high signal-to-noise-ratio diffusion images
Determine myocardial tissue viability simply and reliably. of the liver and brain with short acquisition time Its multi-B
Performed in a single breath-hold, 2D/3D Myocardial Delayed feature is designed to provide measurement of apparent
Enhancement (MDE) provides fast, simple, reliable assessment of diffusion coefficient (ADC) map with reduced effect of perfusion.
myocardial tissue viability or fibrosis by improving the In addition. “3 in 1” technique applies diffusion weighting to all
contrast-to-noise ratio between infarcted and normal three grodients simultaneously, helping Improve sensitivity. Built
myocardium. in tetrahedral feature applies four different diffusion weighing
combinations of x. y, and z gradients simultaneously to acquire
isotropic diffusion weighted images with high signal to noise ratio
Cardiac Tagging and shorter TE. Its smart NEX feature significantly reduces the
This application is used for the visualization of contractile function. acquisition time. An inversion recovery is deployed to provide
It combines cardiac-gated FastCINE gradientrecalled echo robust fat suppression. Enhanced DWl package includes the
with spatial SAT pulses applied throughout the FOV. Using the acquisition sequence and post-processing tools.
operator’s choice of diagonal stripes or a grid pattern, tagging is
applied once per R-R interval, immediately following the R-wave 3D PROMO
ECG trigger, just before the start of data acquisition.
3D PROMO provides a real time 3D navigator based motion
correction algorithm correcting for the 6 rigid body terms where
PROPELLER MB re-acquisition of severely corrupted data provides robust high
PROPELLER MB uses innovative k space filling technique and post quality motion reduced 3D outcomes. 3D PROMO is compatible
processing algorithms to help reduce and correct for motion and with both T2 and T2 FLAIR CUBE acquisitions.
minimize magnetic susceptibility artifacts. Radial k space filling
pattern causes oversampling of the k space center, generating MAVRIC SL* HyperMAVRIC SL*
more SNR and providing excellent tissue contrast. Radial k space
filling is inherently less sensitive to motion compared to the Multi-Spectral imaging technique is designed to reduce metal
Cartesian method. In addition, a sophisticated motion correction artifact near MR conditional implants. Improvements have been
post-processing algorithm is deployed to reduce effects of motion made with HyperMAVRIC SL feature to reduce scan time through a
originating from CSF flow, breathing, patient tremor or voluntary patient-specific metal analysis scan and allow functionalities, such
movements. PROPELLER MB has been enabled for high quality T1 as Variable flip angles, flow compensation, and No Phase Wrap. In
FLAIR, T2, T2 FLAIR imaging in all planes, high quality axial diffusion addition to the T1, PD, and STIR contrasts, the sequence now also
weighted imaging for brain, high quality T2 weighted imaging for provides T2 weighting, and a B1-optimized STIR pulse.
c-spine, excellent T2 weighted imaging for Body, and excellent T2/
PD weighted imaging for MSK.
29
*Optional
SIGNA™Works (continued)
The Silent Neuro Exam Package 2D Delayed Enhancement
The Silent Neuro Exam Package includes a completed set of This technique uses an IR prepared, cardiac-gated fast gradient
sequences designed to generate high-resolution images which echo sequence to acquire images whose appearance depends
delivers T1, T2, Flair, PD and Diffusion weighted contrasts. The on the tissue’s T1 relaxation time. The IR-preparation step allows
new Silenz 2.0 imaging sequence delivers 3D isotropic and non- various tissues to be suppressed or enhanced. The IR prep pulse
isotropic images with T1 and/or PD contrast with sound levels in this sequence is non-selective; i.e. it excites the entire volume
that are within 3dB(A) of the ambient conditions. Newly enhanced inside the body coil, rather than a specific slice.
gradient waveforms have been employed to minimize the acoustic
SIGNAture of FSE, 3D Cube and PROPELLER based acquisitions to
DISCO Star**, ***
generate T2 and T2 Flair weighted as well as Diffusion weighted
images. In addition, the localizer and pre-scan sequences have DISCO Star is a free-breathing, multi-phase, motion robust,
been optimized as well to deliver a complete neuro exam at near 3D radial scan (stack of stars) technique. It is acquired in one
fully silent levels. In addition, the localizer and pre-scan calibration continuous dynamic arterial phase to produce worry-free,
sequences are optimized to deliver a complete neuro exam at near consistent image quality regardless of the patient's condition.
silent levels. DISCO Star employs radial in-plane trajectory to provide active
motion compensation without navigators or bellows.

MAGiC
MR Touch
MAGiC (MAGnetic resonance image Compilation), enables one
and done imaging capability by delivering multiple contrasts in a MR-TouchTM is a non-invasive method to measure relative tissue
single scan. MAGiC utilizes a multi-delay, multi-echo acquisition. stiffness with MR. MR Touch™ combines hardware, acquisition
The data acquired is processed using a technique to generate T1, and reconstruction algorithms to produce color-coded anatomical
T2, PD and Inversion Recovery (IR) weighted images (including: images, called Elastograms, showing varying degrees of elasticity
T1-FLAIR, T2-FLAIR, STIR, Dual IR and PSIR weighted images), all at or stiffness. The image contrast is related to relative stiffness of
once, reducing scan time by up to 50% compared to acquiring all soft tissue and is generated from the real-time data acquisition
contrasts separately.* during tissue palpation with low amplitude and low frequency
sound waves. The hardware component is comprised of an active
MAGiC generates all the different contrasts from the same
sound wave generator and a passive transducer that produces
acquisition, leading to enhanced image slice registration, owing
small vibrations in the area of the patient to be scanned.
to the absence of inter-acquisition patient movement. Because
of the efficiency of MAGiC, the user has the flexibility to explore The acquisition software also triggers the sound wave generator
more advanced imaging, such as Spectroscopy**, Susceptibility to produce synchronized vibrations on the surface of the patient
Weighted Imaging** etc., in the same time required to perform the during the data acquisition. The reconstruction algorithms
routine exam without MAGiC. generate images that show the propagation of waves through the
tissue (phase images) and also the corresponding strain wave and
MAGiC provides the user the ability to change the contrast of the
relative stiffness images. Parallel imaging is used to accelerate
images after acquisition. This is performed by adjusting the TR,
image acquisition.
TE, and/or TI parameters post-acquisition, to generate the specific
contrast desired.
MAGiC also enables users to generate parametric T1, T2, R1, R2, Auto Navigator
PD maps for further analysis of MRI acquisition data. Auto Navigator feature is designed to deliver real time robust free
breathing respiratory motion compensation to improve routine
and advanced body applications. It includes automated tracker
StarMap
placement to detect respiratory motion and delivers a simple
StarMap is a technique that acquires multiple echoes at different workflow to the technologist. Further, the Auto Navigator feature
TE times at each location resulting in images that represent is compatible with DISCO, Turbo LAVA, Turbo LAVA Flex to deliver
different T2 and T2* weighting. Post-processing of the images free-breathing body imaging capability for maximum patient
is employed to generate gray scale and color maps of the T2 or comfort.
T2* signal decay across the echoes, which can be useful in the
assessment of the presence of iron.

*Based on MAGiC clinical study of 109 patients from 6 separate institutions.

**Optional package (MAGiC in itself does not deliver advanced imaging)†Some product features may not be available in all countries.
***DISCO Star is not 510(k) cleared and not CE marked. It can not be placed on the market until it has been registered in regulated countries.
30
SIGNA™Works (continued)
PROSE Black Blood Single Shot Fast Spin Echo
PROSE (PROstate Spectroscopy and imaging Examination), is a Black Blood SSFSE is available for dual or triple inversion pre-pulse
noninvasive imaging technique to evaluate prostate lesions. single shot FSE based acquisition for morphological imaging of
A dedicated prostate spectroscopy sequence that integrates coil the heart and vessels. The inversion pre-pulses allows for nulling
corrected MR imaging, and PRESS excitation with 3D multi-voxel of the blood pool for improved visualization of vessels and heart
acquisition optimized for citrate in the presence of structures. Utilization of single shot acquisitions enables single
breath-hold multi-slice coverage which leads to larger volume
strong lipid signal.
coverage in fewer breath-holds for patient tolerance as well as
reduction of overall exam times.
FOCUS
FOCUS delivers a highly efficient method for increasing the CMR42
resolution in Single Shot DW EPI sequences. The outcome delivers CMR42 Cardiac MR analysis software from Circle Cardiovascular
robust high resolution imaging while removing artifacts typically Imaging Inc, available through GE Healthcare, is a cardiac analysis
induced from motion, image back-folding or unsuppressed tissue. environment that improves efficacy and performance for all of
In addition, the reduced field of view imaging leads to a reduction your cardiac imaging needs. cmr42 delivers the latest in function,
in blurring that translates into an overall improvement to the flow, tissue analysis and perfusion as a comprehensive base
image quality result. The sequence utilizes 2D selective excitation package. When properly equipped, the user can extend capabilities
pulses in DW-EPI acquisitions to limit the prescribed phase to T1, T2 Mapping and Tissue Tracking.
encoded field of view.
2D FGRE TC
3D Heart Fast Gradient Echo Time Course used for myocardium tissue
3D Heart has been designed for comprehensive whole heart evaluation on first pass studies which integrates automatic motion
imaging with correction (MoCo) that compensates for cardiac and/or respiratory
motion, providing reliable results.
• 3D Fast GRE/SPGR for high resolution myocardial
evaluation
• 3D Delayed Enhancement
2D Fast Spoiled Gradient Echo TC*
• Cine IR Fast Spoiled Gradient Echo Time Course used for myocardium
• Navigator tissue evaluation on first pass studies which integrates automatic
motion correction (MoCo) that compensates for cardiac and/or
The whole heart volume is acquired in several slabs, using a multi- respiratory motion, providing reliable results.
slab localizer that allows easy whole-heart prescription, compared
to prescribing specific anatomical views in 2D acquisitions. A T2
preparation is deployed to improve the contrast to noise ratio
between myocardium and the coronary for 3D FatSat Fiesta. A
navigator echo pulse that detects motion of the diaphragm is
utilized to enable free-breathing acquisition. The navigator has
been optimized to improve robustness, and includes a slab-
tracking feature that automatically shifts slab positions based on
the detected diaphragm location to improve motion suppression
and increase scan efficiency. The multi-slab acquisition minimizes
the effect of respiratory drift and heart rate variability on image
quality. Furthermore, the SNR is improved with mulit-slab due to
less blood saturation effect. An optimized phase ordering and
steady state preparation has also been used to improve CNR and
SNR. 3D Fatsat FIESTA is mandatory for the 3D Heart application.
Together with the 3D Fatsat FIESTA, the 3D Heart offers a strong
foundation for needle free non-contrast imaging of the Coronary
vasculature.

31
SIGNA™Works Features
HyperSense*, **
HyperSense is an acceleration technique based on sparse data sampling enabling faster imaging without the penalties commonly found
with conventional parallel imaging.
HyperSense is intended to be used with volumetric acquisitions, it is combined with (ARC) parallel imaging delivering optimal signal to
noise ratio with shorter acquisition times, extending the capabilities to additional sequences
Benefits
• Increase productivity by reduced scan times
• Combined with ARC for higher acceleration factors
• Reduce breath hold time for dynamic imaging
• Drives higher spatial resolution for 3D imaging

Sagittal Cube FLAIR with Axial 3D TOF with HyperSense 3D MRCP with HyperSense Sagittal Cube PD with
HyperSense Coronal reformat with
Hypersense

HyperCube
Delivers small field-of-view organ-specific volumetric imaging acquisition that can reduce artifacts originating from outside of the
Sagittal Cube DIR with Hyper-
prescribed FOV. HyperCube can be applied with or without fat suppression using Flex or chemical saturation methods. Provides
Sense
significant savings of imaging time without sacrificing contrast quality and it can be used across the entire body.
Brain
Benefits
• Significant scan time reduction while maintaining SNR efficiency
• High resolution small FOV isotropic volumetric imaging
• FLEX for large FOV robust fat suppression

CUBE DIR with HyperSense Sagittal Cube DIR with Hyper- Sagittal HyperCube DP
Sense FatSat with HyperSense

**HyperSense expansions are not 510(k) cleared and not CE marked. It can not be placed on the market until it has been registered in regulated countries.
32
 SIGNA™Works Features (continued)
MAGiC DWI*
MAGiC DWI generates multiple synthetic b-values from a single DWI scanned series allowing the user to view diffusion contrasts
changes in real time after the acquisition. It delivers high b-values without stressing protocol parameters and resulting in shorter scan
times without sacrificing contrast or anatomy coverage. Synthetic Diffusion is not limited to diffusion directionality or coil type.
Benefits
• Multiple synthetic b-values from a single DWI scan
• High b-values in shorter scan times
• Compatible with FOCUS Diffusion
• Calculates high b-value as required by PIRADS for prostate

b1000 B1400 b1400 b2000

b2000
Synthetic Synthetic

ViosWorks*
ViosWorks is a 3D cine-based acquisition that can be planned in any dimension and allows for velocity encoding in all directions to
assess vascular flow. The acquisition delivers fast imaging with the use of Hyperkat acceleration including both, single and view sharing
frames for higher temporal results. Provides high spatial resolution to enable visualization of flow through complex structures.

Benefits
• 3D cine acquisition in any
dimension
•  ree breathing whole chest
F
coverage
•  llows velocity encoding in all
A
directions
•  ingle and view sharing frames
S
for higher
temporal resolution
• Effortless workflow

*Optional 33
SIGNA™Works Features (continued)
Flex for Cube and FSE
Flex uses a dual echo fat-water separation technology to provide robust and homogeneous fat suppressed images. Flex is compatible
with ARC acceleration and can be used with a fast triple echo selection for significant scan time reduction. Enhanced uniformity and
control of fat water swaps allow large field of view and off-center imaging where uniformity is a challenge. Delivering fast 2D and 3D
acquisitions with reconstructed in-phase, out-of-phase, water and fat images, Flex represents productivity gains in all clinical areas.
Benefits
• 2D and 3D dual echo fat-water separation technique
• Uniform fat suppression for large FOV challenging offcenter anatomies
• Dixon-based, less sensitive to B0 inhomogeneity
• Choice of single pass acquisition for significant scan time reduction
• Water, Fat, in-phase and out-of-phase images

Cervical Spine FSE Flex, T2 FSE Flex Sagittal, Water, Fat, In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Images

34
AIR™ Recon DL**
Deep Learning based reconstruction to reduce noise, blurring and ringing artifacts for MR images. AIR™ Recon DL, a GE first
deep-learning application for MR image reconstruction, is designed to improve signal-to-noise and image sharpness, enabling
shorter scan times. It uses trained neural networks to remove noise and ringing from the reconstructed image. Compatible with
most 2D applications, including diffusion weighted EPI.

AIR™ Recon DL is a pioneering, deep-learning based reconstruction software that will change the way you think about MR
imaging. Part of GE Healthcare’s AIR™ family of products, which includes lightweight coil design and intelligent workflow
applications, this software challenges the inherent trade-off between SNR, scan time and image resolution. AIR™ Recon DL is
not a filter or a post-processing technique. It improves image quality at the foundational level because it’s embedded directly in
the reconstruction pipeline and is applied to raw data to remove noise and ringing artifacts.

AIR™ RECON DL AT A GLANCE

• Increases productivity by enabling shorter scan times
• Removes image noise and ringing by leveraging raw image data
• Delivers sharper and clearer TrueFidelity™ MR images
• Enables you to set your preferred SNR improvement level

*Optional, AIR Recon DL is not CE marked. It can not be placed on the market until it has been registered in regulated countries 35
AIRx™*
• AIR x™ (auto graphic Rx) – contains deep
learning algorithms that automatically identify
anatomical structures to prescribe slices
for challenging setup planes for brain and
knee. This workflow tool enables consistency
and productivity improvements for routine
and follow-up examinations and extends
research/clinical capabilities for longitudinal
quantification studies.
• Increases productivity by simplifying
workflow steps, thus reducing prescription
times
• Improves consistency and reduces slice
positioning variation amongst different
technologists
• Automatically adapts slice prescriptions to
various patient anatomies and structures.

*Optional 36
SIGNA™Works Features (continued)
PROGRES* Benefits
• Distortion and motion correction
Resolving the limits of diffusion distortion • Up to 300 diffusion directions
• Improved image fusion
PROGRES is a series of optimizations that enhance the performance of diffusion imaging.
It delivers:
• An automated distortion, motion and eddy current correction technique, based on an
integrated reversed polarity gradient acquisition. Using a rigid affine registration, the
technique outputs images with reduced susceptibility artifacts at no significant impact
in overall scan time.
• Extended DTI capabilities allowing the selection and customization of up to 300
diffusion-encoding directions, resulting in more accurate diffusion tensor estimations.

Without PROGRES With PROGRES

MUSE* Benefits
• High resolution diffusion imaging
Resolving the limits of diffusion resolution • Reduced blurring and susceptibility
artifacts
MUSE is a diffusion weighted and diffusion tensor technique that allows higher spatial
• Compatible with parallel imaging
resolution with reduced EPI-based distortions. MUSE implements a segmented
readout approach along the phase encoding direction and utilizes a dedicated image acceleration
reconstruction algorithm to mitigate shot-to-shot motion-induced phase errors inherent
to multi-shot diffusion. The technique is compatible with Auto Navigators, cardiac and
respiratory gating, as well as well as acceleration such as ARC and ASSET. MUSE is also
compatible with fat sat and STIR.

*Optional 37
SIGNA™Works Features (continued)
CardioMaps*
CardioMaps is a powerful diagnostic technique that supports detection of cardiac pathologies by quantitative measurement of T1 and
T2 relaxation times. The T1 Mapping acquisition includes automatic motion correction that compensates for cardiac and/or respiratory
motion, providing reliable results. T1 Mapping offers two methods of acquisition: Inversion-recovery Look-Locker with FIESTA readout
(MOLLI) for apparent T1 (T1*) measurements or saturation-recovery SMART1 Map for true T1 measurements.
Benefits
• Quantitative measurement of T1 and T2 relaxation times
• Automatic motion correction for T1 Mapping
• Two methods of acquisition for T1* or true T1 measurements
• R2 T1 mapping: R-squared to visualize a good fitting of the T1 mapping curve

T1 CardioMap T2 CardioMap

T1 CardioMap T1 CardioMap
Without Motion Correction With Motion Correction

*Optional 38
Site Planning and power consumption
Accessory Package Weight of the key system component (Shipping data)
The scanner comes with the Unified coil phantom set, customer Magnet weight 3900 kg
diagnostic software, operator manuals, and patient log books.
Magnet with enclosures and
5320 kg
cryogen
InSite* Remote Diagnostics Electronics Cabinet 950 kg
Remote service and applications support including magnet Low Height Fixed Table 220 kg
monitoring, is readily available. This capability also allows Patient table detachable Signa Lite 150 kg
downloading of applications software including the trial software
available to users through our eFlex program.
Electrical Power Supply
Warranty Recommended 3-phase Grounded WYE with Neutral
The published Company warranty in effect on the date of Configuration and Ground (5 wire system).
shipment shall apply. The Company reserves the right to make 3 phase DELTA with Ground (4 wire).
changes. Alternate Configuration Recommend corner Grounded Delta
configuration.
Regulatory Compliance: 50 ± 3.0Hz or 60 ± 3.0 Hz (Local
Frequency
Voltage adoption may be required)
The SIGNA™ Explorer 1.5T MR System is 510(k) cleared by the
FDA & a CE-marked device that satisfies Electro-Magnetic Voltage 480/415/400/380/208/200 Vrms
Compatibility (EMC) and Electro-Magnetic Interface (EMI)
regulations, pursuant to IEC-60601. Laser alignment devices
contained within this product areappropriately labeled according Temperature and Humidity
to the requirements of the Center for Devices and Radiological Temperature in Humidity in
degrees Celsius percent
Magnet Room 15° – 21° C 30 to 60
Control Room 15° – 32° C 30 to 75
Equipment Room 15° – 28° C 30 to 75

For more details, please contact GE representative or refer to the

GE pre-install manual.
Health (CDRH) and IEC 60825-1.

Fringe Field
Axial Radial
0.5 mT 4.00 m 2.5 m
0.1 mT 5.70 m 3.4 m

39
Site Planning and power consumption (continued)
Power management technology • GEMS PET raw information
Due to multiple power supplies and amplifiers employed in a Transactions supported as a Storage Class User (SCU) or Store
modern day MRI, power surges may occur. SIGNA™ Explorer Class Provider (SCP) include:
offers robust power management technology to reduce the peak
• DICOM store with storage commit (SCU)
instantaneous power demand.
• DICOM store (SCU/SCP)
• DICOM modality worklist (SCU)
Power consumption
• DICOM performed procedure step (SCU)
Power consumption depends on actual usage. They include
consumption by the shield cooler compressor. The following values • DICOM query retrieve (SCU/SCP)
are approximate and are measured per COCIR standards: • DICOM print – grayscale and color – (SCU)
• Basic application level confidentiality profile as a de-identifier
Power Consumption Finally, this system supports the following IHE (Integrating the
Sleep Mode 6.6 kW Healthcare Enterprise) Technical Profiles. Scheduled workflow
Standby (no scan) 9.82 kW with the following options:
Typical consumption per COCIR standards 14.94 kW • Patient-based worklist query
Peak Instantaneous power < 5s 20.4 kW • Broad worklist query
Continuous sustained power 17.13 kW • Assisted-acquisition protocol setting
• Patient information reconciliation
• Simple image and numeric report
Minimum room dimensions
• Consistent presentation of images
With Equip
No Equip Room
Room
Magnet Room 3.53m x 5.7m 3.53m x 5.7m
Control Console Room 1.52m x 2.13m 3.334m x 1.9m
Electronics Equipment
2.7m x 2.5m
Room
Total Area needed
31.60m2 27.39m2
excluding chillers

DICOM Compliance
Images generated by the SIGNA™ Explorer scanner adhere to
the 2004 version of the DICOM conformance standard.
Objects created by the system include:
• MR images
• Secondary-capture images, both grayscale and color
• Grayscale Softcopy Presentation State (GSPS)
• Structured reports
• In addition to supporting MOD, CD-R and DVD-R for image
exchange and archive
• DICOM interchange, the system also supports:
• CT images
• PET images
• RT structure set

40
Imagination at work

© 2020 General Electric Company – All rights reserved.

 E Healthcare reserves the right to make changes in specifications and features shown herein, or discontinue the product described at
G
any time without notice or obligation. Contact your GE Healthcare representative for the most current information. SIGNA, GE and the GE
Monogram, are trademarks of General Electric Company. GE Healthcare, a division of General Electric Company. GE Medical Systems, Inc.,
doing business as GE Healthcare.
DOC2446074