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Java17

Java 17 is a Long Term Support (LTS) release featuring sealed classes, records, pattern-matching switch statements, and text blocks. Sealed classes allow control over inheritance, while records simplify data handling by being immutable and reducing boilerplate code. Text blocks enhance string handling by allowing multi-line strings without the need for escaping quotes.

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Java17

Java 17 is a Long Term Support (LTS) release featuring sealed classes, records, pattern-matching switch statements, and text blocks. Sealed classes allow control over inheritance, while records simplify data handling by being immutable and reducing boilerplate code. Text blocks enhance string handling by allowing multi-line strings without the need for escaping quotes.

Uploaded by

gs23133
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java 17

the cool new features since Java 11

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Java 17
• Java 17 is a Long Term Support (LTS) release.
• https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/17/

• Topics:
• sealed classes.
• records.
• switch expressions and pattern matching.
• text blocks

• Assignment

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Sealed classes

• Inheritance enables any class to inherit from any other class.

• Making a class final prevents any class from inheriting from


that class i.e. the final class cannot become a super type at all.

• What if you wanted your class to be available for


inheritance but only to certain classes?

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Sealed classes

• Sealed classes enable us to control the scope of inheritance


by enabling us to specify a classes’ subtypes.

• Also works with interfaces (we can define what classes


implement the interface).

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Records

• Records are a special type of class that help avoid


boilerplate code. They are considered “data carriers”.

• Records are immutable and are final by default.

• You cannot extend your custom record because records


already (implicitly) extend from the Record class. This is
similar to enums (which implicitly extend from Enum).

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Records

• Records can have both static fields and static methods.

• Records can have instance methods.

• Records cannot have instance fields. All the instance fields


are listed as “components” in the record declaration.

• Records can implement interfaces.

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Records

• Records are specified using a record declaration where you


specify the “components” of the record.

• Implicitly generated are:


• canonical constructor
• toString() - the string representation of all the record class's
components, with their names.
• equals() and hashCode() - which specify that two record classes are
equal if they are of the same type and contain equal component values
• public accessor methods with the same name as the components.

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Records

• You can override all the default implementations. This


includes the canonical constructor (perhaps for data
validation).

• Compact constructor is a concise variation of the


canonical constructor and is specific to records. 8

Copyright © Seán Kennedy


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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Pattern-matching switch statements
• The switch statement has undergone several changes over the
years.

• switch expressions were introduced as a “preview feature” in


Java 12 and became permanent in Java 14.
• a “preview feature” is a feature that is designed and implemented
but not yet permanent (and may never be); it allows a large
developer audience to test out the feature before committing
to it.

• yield statement introduced in Java 13 to support switch


expressions.
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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Pattern-matching switch statements

• This is a “preview feature” in Java 17.

• Preview features are, by default disabled so you must


explicitly enable them.

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks

• A text block is a String object and as a result, shares the same


properties as String objects (immutable and interned).
• you can call String methods on a text block.

• A text block begins with three double-quote characters


followed by newline i.e.
• text blocks cannot be put on one line
• the text of a text block cannot follow the

• Example:

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks
• In String literals, embedded quotes must be escaped. This is
not the case with text blocks.

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks
• Depending on where you place the closing delimiter (the three
double quotes), determines whether or not you have a closing “\n”.

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy


Text Blocks
• Spacing is determined by the closing delimiter position or the
first non-space character, whichever is encountered first.

• All spaces (known as incidental spaces) leading up to that


position, are stripped from all lines in the text block.

• Note that, the above algorithm only works, if the closing


delimiter is on a line of it’s own.

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Copyright © Seán Kennedy

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